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DOCOMO's 5G Network Deployment Strategy

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DOCOMO’s 5G Network Deployment Strategy

Copyright ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.

Contents

Chapter 1: 5G delivers high speed and large capacity using new spectrum

Chapter 2: 5G deployment in 4G bands

Chapter 3: To realize low latency

Chapter 4: DOCOMO’s 5G network deployment strategy

1

Copyright ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 1: 5G delivers high speed and large capacity using new spectrum

Copyright ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.

What is 5G?

The 5th generation mobile communication system: Offers 3 key properties

High speed, large capacity

Max. transmission bit rate:

20Gbps

5G

1.7Gbps

4G

4G/eLTE

10ms

105

Massive device connectivity

No. of simultaneously connectible devices:

Low latency

Transmission latency in radio interface:

1ms
106 devices/km2

* The numbers above are the target performance defined in technical standard

3

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and do not represent the performance delivered at the time of 5G launch.

New Spectrum Allocation

New 5G spectrum allocated to Japanese carriers

＜3.7GHz band＞
＜4.5GHz band＞

Bandwidth: 100MHz /slot
Bandwidth: 100MHz /slot

Rakuten Mobile

  • KDDI
  • SoftBank
  • KDDI

  • DOCOMO
  • DOCOMO

  • 3600
  • 3700
  • 4100
  • 4500
  • 4600[MHz]

＜28GHz band＞

Bandwidth: 400MHz/slot

DOCOMO

  • Rakuten Mobile
  • KDDI
  • Local 5G
  • SoftBank

  • 29.1
  • 29.5

[GHz]

  • 27.0
  • 27.4
  • 27.8
  • 28.2

4

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Why 5G Can Deliver High Speed & Large Capacity?

5G can deliver high speed and large capacity because a wider channel bandwidth is allocated in the new frequency bands.

Channel bandwidth

28G

400MHz bandwidth

4.5G

3.7G

100MHz bandwidth 100MHz bandwidth

3.5GHz 3.4GHz

5G uses frequency bands that can secure

a wider channel bandwidth compared to the

frequency bands assigned for 4G, which enables

faster speeds and larger capacity!

2GHz
1.7GHz
1.5GHz

New frequency bands

4G bands

800MHz 700MHz

5

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(Ref) Relation between Bandwidth and Speed

(Illustrative)

Wider road width allows more cars to travel simultaneously.

New frequency bands for 5G

4G bands

6

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Radio Characteristics of New Frequency Bands

More costs and longer time needed for coverage expansion in higher frequency bands.

Breadth of coverage (illustrative)

  • Frequency band
  • Characteristics

Signals difficult to reach

(Strong rectilinear propagation)

28GHz

400MHz bandwidth

New spectrum

4G bands

Sub6

100MHz bandwidth

(3.7/4.5GHz)

40MHz bandwidth

3.4GHz

3.5GHz

40MHz bandwidth 15MHz bandwidth

2GHz
1.7GHz

1.5GHz

800MHz

700MHz

Signals easier to reach

20MHz bandwidth 15MHz bandwidth

10MHz bandwidth

10MHz bandwidth

7

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Chapter 2: 5G Deployment in 4G Bands

Copyright ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.

5G Deployment in 4G Bands : Overview

With the revision of ministerial ordinance, etc., by the MIC, it is now

possible to use 4G spectrum for 5G. The idea can be brought into reality by converting part of the multiple 4G bands into 5G use.

5G

4G

5G（Band converted from 4G use)

4G 4G

4G 4G

9

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Benefits of 5G Deployment in 4G Bands

Leads to proliferation of services that take advantage of 5G’s

low latency and other characteristics over a broad coverage.
⇒DOCOMO also supports the new arrangement.

Full exploitation of

5G’s high speed,

large capacity and

other properties

5G(new band）

Enables offering low latency, etc.,

over a broad coverage

5G(new band）

5G (4G band)

4G

10

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Difference from 5G Deployed in New Bands

Speeds are limited to a level only comparable to 4G as the channel

bandwidth remains unchanged. Impossible to deliver superior speeds

and capacity that can be realized by the new frequency bands.

5G deployed in new bands

  • 4G
  • 5G deployed in 4G bands

5G

（New frequency bands）

5G (Band converted from 4G use)

4G 4G

4G

4G

4G

4G

4G 4G

11

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(Ref) FY2019 Effective Speed Survey Results

DOCOMO’s PREMIUM 4G service offers Japan’s fastest speeds!

  • Download
  • Upload

(Mbps)

  • 600
  • 100

50
0
300

229

【Legend】

33

Maximum value

136

Upper quartile

123
19
17

Median value Lower quartile Minimum value

0

DOCOMO

ドコモ

SoftBank

ソフトバンク

SoftBank

ソフトバンク

au

DOCOMO

ドコモ

au

◆

Measurements were performed in accordance with the “Effective Speed Measurement Method of Internet Connection Services Provided by Mobile Telecommunications Carriers” set forth by the Ministry of Internal Affairs

and Communications. Data of other carriers were derived from their respective corporate web sites (as of Mar. 31, 2020). The values in the graphs represent the aggregated measurement results for Android and iOS devices.

The expression “Japan’s fastest” is based on the comparison of median values.

◆◆

For details concerning the measurement method, including the dates and locations of measurement, please see the materials published by each carrier.

12

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Necessity of User Protection in 5G Deployment

“5G deployed in 4G band” and “5G deployed in new band”

should be distinguished in area maps and informed to users.

  • When color-coded by speed
  • When not color-coded by speed

High speed and large capacity
Speed is

comparable to 4G

because I’m in 5G coverage!

⇒Risk of misleading representation

5G using new band (High speed, large capacity)

5G using 4G band (Speed comparable to 4G) 4G

5G using either new band or 4G band

4G

13

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Risks Associated with 5G Deployment in 4G Bands

Potential decline of 4G users’ communication speeds

4G frequency band

4G subscriber

5G subscriber

Reduction of spectrum assigned to 4G users

  • 4G
  • 4G⇒5G

⇒ Potential drop in speed

14

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Spectrum Congestion Status

Users’ usage status also needs to be taken into

consideration when using 4G spectrum for 5G.

  • 2019
  • 2020

202x

Bandwidth in

frequency band:

3G/4G

150MHz

Use for 5G

Bandwidth in frequency band:

600MHz

5G

15

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Chapter 3: To Realize Low Latency

Copyright ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.

Article on Low Latency (Excerpt)

General perception that 5G will bring about low latency

High speed, large capacity

5G

1.7Gbps

4G/4eGLTE

  • 10ms
  • 105

Low latency

Massive device connectivity

Transmission latency in radio interface: 1ms

17

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What is Latency?

It is the time required from data request to first data arrival.

Internet

Internet
Point of interface

Content server

Radio

Smartphone

Transmission equipment
Switch

Packet switching

sp mode equipment

base station

Radio signal ⇔ electric signal conversion
Internet connection

Transmission &

reception of signals

Request

Arrival XX m sec ←Latency

Large amount of latency could hinder the use of content that require real-time immediacy

18

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To Realize Low Latency

It is necessary to achieve low latency in the entire network including the fixed-line sections

  • Latency in radio section
  • Latency in fixed-line section

Latency determined by the physical distance between base station and server

Transmit network

Network

equipment

Internet

Server

In case content server is located in Tokyo,

Accesses made from Okinawa have larger latency,

with a large amount of latency in the fixed-line section

Content server @Tokyo

19

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Can 5G Deployed in 4G Bands

Realize Low Latency?

Just using 4G spectrum for 5G does not realize low latency for the whole network configuration

  • Latency in radio section
  • Latency in fixed-line section

Transmit

network

Network equipment

Internet

Server

5G deployed in 4G band

Ingenuity to reduce latency in fixed-line section is also needed

20

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Low Latency Enabling Technology: MEC

Realize low latency by placing the server

(i.e. destination of connection) closer

  • Latency in radio section
  • Latency in fixed-line section

Latency determined by the physical distance between base station and server

Transmit

network

Network equipment

Internet

Server

The shorter the distance,

the lower the latency

*MEC: Abbreviation for Multi-Access Edge Computing

21

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Slicing Enabled by 5GC*

Slicing technique enables flexible provision of 5G’s low latency

and other properties at individual application/service level

Service that

requires large

capacity

5GC

Large-capacity slice

Internet

(Logical network)

Video content server, etc.

Low-latency slice

(Logical network)
Application that requires

low latency

MEC server, etc.
*5G-Core: 5G Core network equipment

22

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DOCOMO’s 5G Network Deployment Strategy

Copyright ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.

Recap of Chapters 1-3

• 5G delivers high speed and large capacity through the use of

new spectrum

• “5G deployed in 4G bands” can provide broad coverage,

but speeds will be limited to 4G level

• To realize low latency, ingenuity in overall network

configuration is required

• Unique properties of 5G can be provided flexibly through

slicing supported by 5GC

24

Copyright ©2020 NTT DOCOMO, INC. All Rights Reserved.

DOCOMO’s 5G Network Deployment Strategy

① Expand coverage of high speed and large capacity services using new spectrum

② Promote low latency across the entire network ③ Flexible service provision based on demand using 5GC

(Also study deployment of 5G in 4G bands)

25

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High-Speed, Large-Capacity Coverage Expansion

Using New Bands

First, actively deploy “5G using new frequency bands”

that can deliver high speeds and large capacity

Development rate of 5G infrastructure maintenance:

20,000

97.0%

base

stations

10,000

500

cities

base

including all

government-

designated cities

47

stations

150

prefectures

locations across Japan

500

base stations

Mar. 31, 2020

  • Jun. 30, 2020
  • Mar. 31, 2021
  • Jun. 30, 2021
  • Mar. 31, 2022
  • Within FY2023

26

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Accelerate Realization of Low Latency

in Entire NW Configuration

Started provision of cloud service offering MEC features that can deliver low latency required for the 5G era

Launched cloud service that delivers low latency

Internet

Dispersedly

DOCOMO

installed across

network

Japan

Base station

Services solutions

  • Video distribution
  • Remote operation

  • Image/face recognition
  • Gaming

27

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Transition from NSA to SA

Evolution to SA (Stand Alone) to begin in the future

with the introduction of 5GC

  • Internet
  • Internet

EPC

5GC

5G

  • 4G
  • 5G

base station base station base station

5G(SA)
5G (NSA)

4G

*NSA: Non-Stand Alone

28

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Society to be Realized by SA

Society in which services that take advantage of 5G’s unique properties

are provided in a flexible manner

⇒ Study coverage rollout using 5G deployment in 4G bands

Stadium solution
Telemedicine/diagnosis

High speed, large capacity, low latency
High speed, large capacity, low latency

Smart agriculture

Massive device

connectivity

Ultra-dense/

high traffic

High speed, large capacity

Smart manufacturing

Massive device

connectivity

Smart city

High speed, large

capacity, massive device connectivity

5G coverage

29

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    Highlights Our Management Our Value Our Future Our Governance Financial Information • The Path of Value Creation • Value Creation Process The Path of Value Creation (Operating income*1: Billions of yen) 1,200 1,000 800 Dec. 2010 600 Takashi Tanaka appointed president Oct. 2000 DDI CORPORATION (now KDDI CORPORATION) established Yuusai Okuyama appointed president 400 Jun. 2001 Tadashi Onodera appointed president 200 0 20012002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Apr. 2002 Jan. 2007 Feb. 2009 Third-generation mobile phone service begins Integrates FTTH business UQ Communications Inc. Oct. 2003 with Tokyo Electric Power launches “UQ WiMAX” Tele- Launch of “KDDI Hikari Plus” Company, Incorporated commercial service optical fi ber service (FTTH) Oct. 2011 communications Apr. 2008 Nov. 2003 KDDI launches its Consolidation of Chubu Telecommunications CDMA 1X WIN service commences fi rst iPhone Business, etc. Co., Inc. (ctc) Industry’s fi rst fl at-rate packet service introduced Personal FY2004.3–FY2008.3 au spent fi ve consecutive years at No. 1 for net additions in market share*4 Services Jul. 2008 May 2011 Segment “Jibun Bank” begins service “au Insurance” begins service Life Design Domain 1989 Jan. 2006 Feb. 2011 Started “TELEHOUSE” data center business KDDI merges with KDDI Matomete POWEREDCOM Offi ce Corporation is established Business Services Segment and Others Oct. 2006 Mar. 2008 Mobile number portability EMOBILE Ltd. begins voice service nationwide (MNP) is launched Jul. 2008 Telecommunication SoftBank Corporation launches Japan’s fi rst sales of the iPhone Sector Mar. 2008–Oct. 2010 EMOBILE signs a roaming agreement with NTT Docomo Inc.
  • NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal Vol

    NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal Vol

    NTT DOCOMO 5G Activities—Toward 2020 Launch of 5G Services— 5G Service Requirement Standardization Strategy Special Articles on 5G Technologies toward 2020 Deployment NTT DOCOMO is researching and developing 5G, the next- 5G Laboratory, Research Laboratories Yoshihisa Kishiyama Journal generation mobile communications system, toward deployment Anass Benjebbour in 2020. The 5G system is expected to enable a variety of new Satoshi Nagata services including enhanced MBB having even higher bit rates Yukihiko Okumura and capacity and IoT connecting all kinds of things to the Takehiro Nakamura network by wireless means. This article presents an overview of NTT DOCOMO’s 5G activities. It describes services and requirements envisioned for the 5G era, NTT DOCOMO’s 5G definition and technical concept, and standardization strategy and activities toward a 2020 launch of 5G services. Technical to provide a Mobile Broad Band (MBB) been lively discussions in recent years 1. Introduction system that can provide these services on fourth-generation (4G) LTE and a Today, we can enjoy services and in all types of environments at an even fifth-generation mobile communications applications as well as videos and music higher level of user quality. In addition, system (5G) as the next-generation of over the Internet in an anytime-and-an- the Internet of Things (IoT)*1 has been LTE-Advanced. Organizations promoting ywhere, trouble-free manner thanks to attracting considerable interest in recent 5G and 5G research projects have been DOCOMO the proliferation of smartphones, tablets, years as a world that will connect all launched in various regions throughout and other smart devices.
  • NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal, the Name(S) of the Quency Band

    NTT DOCOMO Technical Journal, the Name(S) of the Quency Band

    3.5-GHz Band TD-LTE 3DL CA Special Articles on Introducing the 3.5‐GHz Band In December 2014, the MIC approved “Establishment Plan Communication Device Development Department Ryosuke Osawa Journal of Specified Base Stations for Introduction of Fourth-gen- Tomoya Ohara eration Mobile Communication Systems,” and it thus be- Kei Ando came possible to utilize the 3.5-GHz frequency band in Ja- Product Department Tomoya Matsuura pan. NTT DOCOMO has introduced TD-LTE using this band—combined with the existing FDD bands by means of CA—and communication services with a maximum data rate of 370 Mbps were launched to evolve our service called “PREMIUM 4G” in June 2016. This article provides an overview of a router-type mobile terminal supporting a max- Technical imum downlink data rate of 370 Mbps using TD-LTE and 3DL CA technologies. It also describes 3.5-GHz band stand- ardization activities and presents the results of laboratory and field experiments for downlink data rates. has been specified as band 42 [1] for inafter referred to as “TD-LTE”). 1. Introduction use with the Time Division Duplex In this article, we describe an The dramatic increase in mobile data (TDD)*1 transmission method, and it is NTT DOCOMO router-type mobile ter- DOCOMO traffic in recent years and growing de- expected to be used globally in the fu- minal that achieves high transmission mand for ultra-high-speed data commu- ture. In the development of this stand- speeds by performing Carrier Aggrega- nications is driving the need for greater ard, NTT DOCOMO promoted specifi- tion (CA)*2 between the TDD frequen- capacities in new frequency bands.