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Nouvelle-Calédonie • 12 • Nouvelle-Calédonie • 12 • - Dossier spécial Nouvelle-Caléd on ie La Nouvelle-Calé onie au 5èm Congres sur les PLA TES AROMATIQUE e EDICI ALE de EGION D'OUTRE-ME 3 . 6 novembre 20 8. Nouméa Nouvelle-Calédonie Ce congrès entrait dans la série des CIPAM, Colloques L'événement s'est déroulé Internationaux sur les Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales (PAM) sur 3 jours, avec l'ouverture des régions d'outre-mer, qui se déroulent tous les deux ans dans un officielle du colloque le lundi département ou territoire d'outre-mer différent. Cette manifestation 3 novembre au Centre est toujours organisée par une associalion de type «Loi 1901» qui Culturel Jean-Marie Tjibaou s'intéresse aux PAM de sa région: (CCT), puis les travaux ont eu lieu au Centre IRD de Nouméa les 4, 5 et 6 U 1 8. "née du CIPAM novembre. Une conférence Reunion .2 APLAMEDOM ~~oc,al.(lr, pour la romOïJon était proposée au grand oe f laml*: fllomallqucs el MôdJ~lnalp.sl public le mercredi 5 Gued lOUpe :?l)U 1 novembre, dans le nouvel amphithéâtre de l'Université de Nouvelle-Calédonie, sur Guyane, 2.004 GAOEPAM, Groupemenl d :;soclallOJ1S pour I~ Oevel 'PP"" t des Pla lUS Ar ,rnaliqUe- et le site de Nouville. M· JCI al Pulyn-sl" Fnm Ise 2ll' etu/; de L'ouverture officielle de ce congrès, au CCT, fut Nouvelle-CalédoniE! lOOS précédée par une «coutume» dans les jardins du Centre, un remerciement symbolique aux partenaires du monde traditionnel, à la manière mélanésienne. Il AVAP MMI R As X'EllIQn PO Ir l" Valonsal'lll de5 Pl'!mes medlcmales 08 la Martllllqu s'agissait donc d'une marque de respect et de reconnaissance envers ceux qui ont transmis au fil des années aux chercheurs une partie de leur savoir et de leur expérience naturaliste. Les objecttfs du Seme CIPAM Aprés cette "coutume" était organisé un défilé de mode, afin L'A.P.P.A.M.-N.C., créée en décembre 2006, a organisé à Nouméa d'illustrer l'utilisation contemporaine des teintures végétales. Les du 3 au 6 novembre 2008, le 5ème colloque international PAM, élèves d'une classe du Lycée Jean XXIII et leurs professeurs dans un but de promotion de la connaissance et de la valorisation prouvaient ainsi avec grâce et légèreté, après des semaines d'une des plantes médicinales, aromatiques, ornementales et tinctoriales préparation intense, que l'étude des tissus traditionnels et des de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et des autres régions concernées. teintures naturelles était un magnifique sujet d'actualité, faisant la transition avec le début des travaux du Sème CIPAM, à l'IRD : A cette occasion ont été abordés des thé mes classiques de l'étude des substances naturelles tropicales, comme' - le mardi 4 novembre Session sur les Plantes Autochtones Ornementales, Session sur les Plantes Tinctoriales avec • l'actualité de la recherche sur les plantes aromatiques et médi­ démonstration de teinture au no ni ou Morinda citrifolia L par des cinales des ROM-COM (régions et communautés d'Outre-Mer) partenaires de la région de Petit Borindi (côte est, au sud de Thio) ; • la préservation des plantes et des savoirs traditionnels Session sur la Chimie des Substances Naturelles • la législation des PAM ainsi que leur valorisation économique. - le jeudi 5 novembre Session sur les Plantes à Huiles Pour tenir compte des démarches nouvelles développées en Essentielles, Substances Odorantes et Terpénoïdes ; Session sur Nouvelle-Calédonie et ailleurs, une thématique "plantes les Aspects culturels, patrimoniaux et juridiques ; au nouvel utiles» a été ouverte, pour les espèces autochtones ou amphithéâtre de Nouville une conférence publique le soir, par le endémiques et présentant un potentiel de valorisation Pr Anton "Plantes médicinales et aromatiques tradition, tinctoriale, ornementale ou horticole. valorisation et réalités de demain» • 13 • Dossier spécial Nouvelle-Calédonie- - le jeudi 6 novembre: Session sur l'Ethnopharmacologie ; Table associatif ou encore administratif de Nouvelle-Calédonie) locales ronde; Conclusions intéressées. La formule a eu un tel succès que le comité organisateur s'est parfois vu contraint de refuser des entrées. - le lendemain, vendredi 7 novembre, étaient proposées deux excursions et découvertes du pays, l'une aux Monts Koghi où une forêt humide de montagne est facilement accessible, tout prés de Centrage sur la Nouvelle-Caledonte Nouméa, l'autre dans le Sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, où la flore des massifs de péridotite est marquée d'un fort endémisme et Outre la couverture médiatique classique par des articles dans la donc très originale. presse interne de l'IRD et une feuille éditée au cours du congrès grâce à l'Office du Tourisme de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, il faut noter trois documents parus à cette occasion' Quelques faits sur la participation • un guide très apprécié sur des plantes tinctoriales de Ce colloque a réuni près de 150 participants venus de 10 pays Nouvelle-Calédonie, réalisé par les enseignants du lycée dans le monde et des 6 territoires ou pays de l'Outre-Mer français. professionnel Jean XXIII de Païta, et distribué aux participants Seize d'entre eux étaient des «invités d'honneur», venus • un reportage audiovisuel «Des couleurs et des médicaments» d'Australie, de France, de la Guadeloupe, des îles Hawai, du de 4 mn, de Jean-Michel Boré est diffusé sur www.canal.ird.fr Japon, de la Martinique, de Polynésie Française ou des îles Samoa • un documentaire de RFO sur les travaux d'un «nez» calédonien et parmi ces personnalités se trouvaient les président(e)s des utilisant des extraits de plantes aromatiques locales (prise de associations partenaires dans les régions d'Outre-Mer, M. Jean­ vue de l'intervention de Mme Sandrine Videault). Claude Pieribattesti pour l'APLAMEDOM (Réunion), Mme Marie Gustave pour l'APLAMEDAROM (Guadeloupe), Mme Marie Fleury Les organisateurs tiennent à remercier tout particulièrement les pour le GADEPAM (Guyane), M. Taivini Teai pour le GEPSUN partenaires qui ont soutenu financièrement cette manifestation tant (Polynésie Française) et Mme Nadine Bellay pour l'AVAPLAMAR à Paris qu'à Nouméa: (Martinique). Six autres invités venaient du Chili ou de France. • administrations et institutions: le Secrétariat d'Etat à l'Outre­ 78 autres participants venaient d'Australie, du Cameroun, des Mer (SEOM), le Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de Etats-Unis, de France, de Guadeloupe, du Japon, de Nouvelle­ la Recherche (MESR), le Fonds Pacifique, le Gouvernement Calédonie, de Nouvelle-Zélande, de Martinique, de Polynésie et le Congrès de Nouvelle-Calédonie, la Province Sud) Française et de la Réunion. • instituts et université: Institut de Chimie des Substances naturelles (ICSN-CNRS), la Direction de l'Information et de la Enfin quelques 115 auditeurs libres s'étaient inscrits Communication de l'IRD, Institut Agronomique Calédonien ponctuellement. Cette facilité avait été ouverte à un certain nombre (lAC) et le laboratoire LARJE de l'Université de Nouvelle­ de personnes (étudiants, acteurs de la vie économique, du monde Calédonie Ci-contre et en bas à droite Edouard Hnawia et Pierre eabalion lors de la «coutume» En haut a droi e Le Centre Culturel J.-M Tjibaou • 14 • - Dossier spécial Nouvelle-Ca lédon ie • organisation internationale: l'Agence Universitaire de la - sur la phytochimie, plusieurs congrès antérieurs ont été organisés Francophonie (AUF) Asie-Pacifique en Nouvelle-Calédonie : • société privée: la société Goro Nickel. • Phytochimie et plantes médicinales des terres du Pacifique, Enfin, il faut signaler la participation des directions du Centre Nouméa (Nouvelle-Calédonie), 28 avril -5 mai 1964 Culturel Jean-Marie Tjibaou, du Centre IRD de Nouméa et de • Substances Naturelles d'Intérêt Biologique du Pacifique (SNIB), l'Université de Nouvelle-Calédonie, par la mise à disposition de Colloque international CNRS-ORSTOM, Nouméa 29/08 - 3/09 1979 leurs locaux et d'une partie de leurs personnels techniques, • 3ème Congrès International sur les Substances Naturelles contribuant ainsi au bon déroulement et à la réussite du 5e CIPAM. d'intérêt biologique de la région Pacifique-Asie, Nouméa, Sans leur aide à tous, jamais cette manifestation n'aurait peu avoir 26-29108 1991 lieu. Ces efforts ont permis de faire mieux connaître la Nouvelle­ Calédonie à nos amis et partenaires. - un document accessible en ligne à l'IRD présente le seul ouvrage de synthèse, déjà ancien, sur les plantes médicinales Nous souhaitons rendre hommage aux auteurs pour la publication traditionnelles de Calédonie, datant de 1973 de leurs présentations, orales ou écrites. Une proposition de la (http://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl­ Société Française d'Ethnopharmacologie (SFE) nous a conduits à doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_5/pt5/travaux_d/06261 .pdf). De envisager ce projet en 2 parties, l'une sous forme d'actes nombreuses enquêtes ethnobolaniques et ethnopharmacologiques classiques, à venir, et la seconde en 2 numéros spéciaux de la ont suivi, dans les années 1975-80 par D. Cortadellas puis entre revue Ethnopharmacologia, consacrés à la flore de Nouvelle­ 1994 et 2010 par l'IRD et l'UNC. Une publication relativement Calédonie. C'est la première partie de cette initiative heureuse de récente concerne les plantes utiles de l'extrême nord calédonien, la SFE qui est présentée ici. publiée par le Programme Forêt Sèche (Cabalion & al., Rapport FS 2005 N° 1) et il est désormais possible d'annoncer la publication Un petit rappel ci-dessous devrait permettre au lecteur curieux de prochaine d'un ouvrage sur les plantes utiles, notamment médicinales, se représenter la Nouvelle-Calédonie en quelques phrases et de l'île de Maré (Lormée N. et al, accepté, IRD et co-éd.). quelques mesures. Internet est désormais une bibliothèque ouverte sur le monde, mais quelques adresses précises peuvent être utiles: On constate donc une diversification et un enrichissement de la recherche sur les plantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie, à partir des - un ensemble de faits et chiffres est donné par l'ISEE inventaires de botanique et de phy1ochimie, puis des recherches (www.isee.nc/).
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