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Vislink: Revealing Relationships Amongst Visualizations VisLink: Revealing Relationships Amongst Visualizations C HRISTOPHER C OLLINS & S HEELAGH C ARPENDALE [email protected], [email protected] IEEE Information Visualization 2007 (Collins, 2007) (Heer, 2006 [prefuse]) & (Fry, 2004) Understanding Multiple Relations What is the relationship… across different views of the same data? across different relations in the same dataset? across multiple relations and datasets? VisLink VisLink Overview Any number of 2D visualizations, each on its own plane in 3D space Adjacent planes connected by bundled edges Shortcuts and constrained widgets aid usability Enables powerful inter-visualization queries Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Dataset Relation Visualization Conference Attendee Data Professor / Student Node-link social network graph Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Dataset Relation Visualization DA Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Dataset Relation Visualization DA RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Dataset Relation Visualization DA RA (DA ) Vis A RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Relation Dataset Visualization DA RA (DA ) Vis A RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Relation Dataset Visualization Relation R R((DD ) ) Vis R (D ) DA A B AA A A A Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Visualization Relation Vis A RA (DA ) Dataset Visualization VisB RA (DA ) Relation R R((DD ) ) DA A B AA Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Formalizing Multiple Relations Visualizations Visualization Relation Vis A RA (DA ) Dataset Visualization VisB RA (DA ) Relation R R((DD ) ) DA A B AA Visualization VisC RB (DA) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Multiple Relation Visualizations Individual Visualizations Coordinated Views Compound Graphs Semantic Substrates VisLink Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Individual Visualizations Any datasets, relations, and visualizations Manually compare e.g. different charts in Excel Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Coordinated Views Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Coordinated Views Vis A RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Coordinated Views Vis A RB (DA ) Vis A RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Coordinated Views Vis A RB (DA ) Any datasets, relations, and visualizations Interactive highlighting Vis A RA (DA ) e.g., Snap-Together Visualization (North & Shneiderman, 2000) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Compound Graphs Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Compound Graphs Vis A RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Compound Graphs Vis A RA (DA ) RB (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Compound Graphs Vis A RA, RB (DA ) Secondary relation has no spatial rights e.g., Overlays on TreemapsUse of the(Fekete powerfulet al., 2003)spatial, ArcTrees dimension (Neumann et al., 2005), Hierarchicalto encode data Edge relationships. Bundles (Holten, 2006) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates DA Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates D A1 DA Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates D A1 D A2 DA Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates D A1 D A2 … DA D An Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates D D A1 A2 Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates Vis R (D ) Vis R (D ) A A A1 A A A2 Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates Vis R (D ) Vis R (D ) A A A1 A A A2 Vis A RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Semantic Substrates Single visualization, single relation Semantically meaningful data subsets Spatial rights for all relations (Shneiderman and Aris, 2006) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink Vis A RA (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink Vis A RA (DA ) VisB RB (DA ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink Vis A RA (DA ) VisB RB (DA ) VisB RA (DB ) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink Vis A RA (DA ) VisB RB (DA ) Vis AB T(RA (DA ), RB (DA )) Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink Vis AB T(RA (DA ), RB (DA )) Visualize second order relations between visualizations Across any datasets, relations, visualizations for which a relation can be defined All component visualizations retain spatial rights Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink & Semantic Substrates VisVis RR ((DD )) Vis R (D ) AA AA AA1 VisAB RAB (DAA2) Vis T(R (D ), R (D )) AB Vis A ARA (ADA ) B A Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink & Semantic Substrates VisVis RR ((DD )) Vis R (D ) AA AA AA1 VisAB RAB (DAA2) Single visualizationVis techniqueT(R (D ), R (D )) AB Vis A ARA (ADA ) B A Semantic subsets of data provide added meaning Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink & Semantic Substrates VisVis RR ((DD )) Vis R (D ) AA AA AA1 VisAB RAB (DAA2) Any number ofVis differentT relations(R (D ),andR (visualizationsD )) AB Vis A ARA (ADA ) B A Second order relations revealed in inter-plane edges Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison Equivalency & Extension Formalism for Multiple Relationship Visualization Comparison VisLink VisLink Visualization VisLink Case Study: Lexical Data WordNet IS-A hierarchy (R ) ? A Similarity clustering (RB) using using radial tree (Vis ) A force-directed layout (VisB) VisLink Visualization Edge Detail Bundled: one-to-many edges Smooth: Chaiken corner cutting Transparent: bundles more opaque Directed: orange-to-green VisLink Visualization Interaction With Component Visualizations Always equivalent to 2D: Planes are virtual displays Mouse events transformed and passed to underlying visualization Equivalent to 2D viewing mode VisLink Visualization Interplane Edges VisLink Visualization Zoom VisLink Visualization Filter VisLink Visualization Constrained Widget Interaction VisLink Interaction 3D Navigation VisLink Interaction Spreading Activation Nodes have a level of activation, indicated by transparency of orange node background Full activation through: Selecting a node on a plane Node matches search query Activation propagates through interplane edges, reflecting between planes with exponential drop-off Enables inter-visualization queries Edge transparency relative to source node activation Spreading Activation Inter-Plane Query Example 2: synonym sets 1: alphabetic clusters No synonym information No alphabetic organization Q: Synonyms in the alphabetic view? Spreading Activation Inter-Plane Query Example 1. Select a word on plane 1 2. Edges propagate to synonym sets on plane 2 3. Reflected edges propagate back, revealing synonyms in alphabetic clusters 1: similarity clusters 2: synonym sets Spreading Activation Inter-Plane Query Example 1. Select a word on plane 1 2. Edges propagate to synonym sets on plane 2 3. Reflected edges propagate back, revealing synonyms in alphabetic clusters 1: similarity clusters 2: synonym sets Spreading Activation Inter-Plane Query Example 1. Select a word on plane 1 2. Edges propagate to synonym sets on plane 2 3. Reflected edges propagate back, revealing synonyms in alphabetic clusters 1: similarity clusters 2: synonym sets Spreading Activation Inter-Plane Query Example 1. Select a word on plane 1 2. Edges propagate to synonym sets on plane 2 3. Reflected edges propagate back, revealing synonyms in alphabetic clusters 1: similarity clusters 2: synonym sets Spreading Activation Edge Reflection and Inter-Plane Queries Spreading Activation Linking Existing Visualizations Case Study Linking Existing Visualizations Case Study Implementation Prefuse visualization toolkit (Heer et al., 2005) Existing visualizations can be incorporated without changes Interplane edges defined by (plane, node) index pairs Java OpenGL Case Study Perceptual Considerations Not all layouts equal Colour interactions with edges and visualizations 3D perspective bias Conclusion Future Work Application to additional analytic scenarios Investigation of 3D edge bundling, edge lenses Animation of spreading activation Evaluation against existing multiple view techniques Rich query language to filter visualization planes Conclusion Summary Formalism to describe multi-relation visualizations New way to reveal relationships amongst visualizations Reuse of the powerful spatial visual dimension Full 2D interactivity for constituent visualizations Techniques to simplify 3D navigation Visualization bridging through inter-representational queries and spreading activation Conclusion VisLink: Revealing Relationships Amongst Visualizations A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS : Gerald Penn, Petra Isenberg, Mark Hancock, Tobias Isenberg, Uta Hinrichs, and Matthew Tobiasz, and helpful reviewers for their advice. Christopher Collins ([email protected]) & Sheelagh Carpendale ([email protected]).
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