ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 A message from the Contents Chair Introduction 26 Invasive 30 3 A Message From The Chair 34 Capacity Development 4 How We Work 38 Local Engagement & Programmes Empowerment 6 Preventing Overarching 10 Flyways 42 State of the World’s 14 Important & 50 Financial Report Biodiversity Areas 18 Climate Change 22 Marine

We would like to express our deep appreciation for the Safety | Izumo Shrine | Jane Alexander | Japan Fund for Global GLOBAL COUNCIL generous support of our Honorary President, HIH Princess Environment | Joe Ellis | John Adams | Keidanren Nature Africa Achilles Byaruhanga (Uganda), Claudia Feltrup- Takamado of Japan, whose commitment and personal interest Conservation Fund | Kingfisher Foundation | Kurt Vogt | Lara in birds and conservation contributes enormously to BirdLife’s Lee | LUSH | Lynx Edicions | MAVA Foundation | MacArthur Azafzaf (Tunisia) and Mark Anderson (South Africa), Asia progress and achievements. Foundation | Ministry of Environment, Japan | Nando Peretti Sarath Wimalabandara Kotagama (Sri Lanka) and Shawn We are extremely grateful for the generosity shown by Foundation | Nathalie Boulle | National Fish and Wildlife Lum (Singapore), Americas David O’Neill (USA), Rosabel our Founder Patrons, members of BirdLife’s Rare Bird Club Foundation | National Geographic Asia | Neotropical Migratory Miró (Panama) and Alberto Yanosky (Paraguay), Europe and Advisory Group, without whom we could not continue Act (USFWS) | Nick and Jane Prentice | Nikki Gergő Halmos (Hungary), Vera Voronova (Kazakhstan) and protecting sites and species around the globe. We also thank Thompson and Tom Webster | Oak Foundation | Ocean Park Philippe Funcken (Belgium), Middle East Yehya Khaled our corporate supporters and BirdLife Species Champions who Conservation Foundation, Hong Kong | The Olewine Family have helped us with major initiatives. | OneStep Co., Ltd | Pacific Century | Pacific Development (Jordan) and Assad Adel Serhal (Lebanon), Pacific Kevin The valuable support of the following BirdLife Partners, and Environment Fund | Pamela and Neville Isdell | Per Hague (New Zealand) and Paul Sullivan (Australia) who have contributed through fundraising and unrestricted Undeland | Persephone Environmental Charitable Trust | Peter financial contributions to the global conservation programmes Eerdmans | Peter and Sandy Smith | Pew Charitable Trusts | is greatly appreciated. The RSPB (UK), Vogelbescherming Piyush Guptar | Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation | The GLOBAL ADVISORY GROUP Nederland (VBN), (USA), Natuurpunt & Natagora Rainforest Trust | Restore UK | Rockjumper | The late Raymond Appy Chandler, Barbara Young, Ben Olewine, Christie (Belgium), NABU (Germany), Bird Studies Canada, SVS/BirdLife Casey | Richard Hale | Ricoh | Sarah and David Gordon | Sean Constantine, Dale Forbes, Daniel Gauthier, David Ford, Deborah Switzerland, LPO (France), LIPU (Italy), DOF (Denmark), SOF/ Dennis | Scott Dresser | Stephen Martin | Supporters of the Rivel, Geoff Ball, H.E. Majid Al Mansouri, Hector Morales, James BirdLife Sweden, SEO/BirdLife (Spain). BirdLife Gala Dinners, Japan | Susan Packard Orr | Swarovski Kushlan, Jane Alexander, Joe Ellis, John Gregory, John S. MAJOR DONORS & SUPPORTERS 2018 Optik KG | Synchronicity Earth | Tasso Leventis Foundation | T-Gear Trust Canada | The Hoffman Family | The Olewine Adams, Kurt Vogt, Nathalie Boulle, Nick Butcher, Nick Prentice, A.G. Leventis Foundation | Aage V. Jensen Charity Foundation Family | The Tolkien Trust | Tinker Foundation | Tokyo Daijingu Pamela Isdell, Piyush Gupta, Richard Hale, Sean Dennis, Scott | Alfred III and Susan Chandler | Arcadia –a charitable Shrine | Toyota Environmental Activities Grant Program | Toyota Dresser, Susan Orr, Tasso Leventis, Terry Townshend, Warren fund of Peter Baldwin and Lisbet Rausing | Arts and Motor Corporation | UNEP (United Nations Environment Evans, Wendy Paulson Humanities Research Council | Arjan Dwarshuis | The Baltic Programme)–African Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA) Sea Conservation Foundation | BAND Foundation | Barry | UNEP –Alliance for Zero | UNEP – Convention on Sullivan | Bernard F Master | Ben Olewine | Birdfair | BirdLife Biological Diversity (CBD) | UNEP–Convention on Migratory SECRETARIAT EXECUTIVE TEAM, 2018 Supporters’ Club | Bobolink Foundation | BP International Species (CMS) | UNEP–World Conservation Monitoring Ltd | Cambridge Conservation Initiative | Canadian Wildlife Centre (WCMC) | US Fish and Wildlife Service | US Chief Executive Patricia Zurita Service–Environment and Climate Change Canada | Cedyna Service–International Program | USAID | Vulcan Inc | Warren Director of Partnership, Communities and Capacity Financial Corporation | CEMEX | Charities Advisory Trust Evans | Woodside Energy | World Resources Institute | WWF Development (PCCD) Julius Arinaitwe (Good Gifts) | Christie Constantine | Cristopher Spooner | Nederland | Yahoo! Internet Fundraising | Zeiss Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund | Cultures of Resistance Director of Science, Policy & Information Melanie Heath Network | Darwin Initiative | David & Lucile Packard Foundation BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL Interim Chief Finance Officer Marcela Soler | David Webster Charitable Trust | Deutsche Gesellschaft OFFICERS Director of Conservation Richard Grimmett für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH | Deb Rivel President Emeritus | Dow Chemical Japan | Economic Development Board of Her Majesty Queen Noor of Jordan REGIONAL DIRECTORS Singapore | Emirates Bird Breeding Centre for Conservation Honorary President | Ernest Kleinwort Charitable Trust | European Commission | Her Imperial Highness Princess Takamado of Japan Africa Ademola Ajagbe Americas Esteban Lasso Asia Fondation Segré | Forestry Bureau of the Council of Agriculture Honorary Vice-Presidents Vinayagan Dharmarajah Europe and Central Asia Angelo of | Fossa Chocolate | Fujitsu | Geoffrey and Mary Ball | Baroness Barbara Young of Old Scone (UK) Caserta Middle East Ibrahim Al-Khader Pacific Margaret German Federal Ministry of Environment, Nature Conservation, Dr Gerard A Bertrand (USA) West Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) | Giant Transport Mr A P Leventis (UK) | Global Environment Facility through UNEP and UNDP | Mr Ben Olewine IV (USA) EDITOR: Alex Dale Halycon Agri | Hank and Wendy Paulson | HeidelbergCement | Mr Peter Johan Schei (Norway) International Climate Initiative (IKI), German Federal Ministry for Chair Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias DESIGN: Richard Hood the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Treasurer Nick Prentice Cover photo: via Shutterstock

2 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 A message from the Chair

What is destined to be an exciting and eventful five years as chairman of the world’s largest conservation partnership began for me in the unlikeliest of places: the still and tranquility of Wallonia, Belgium’s Golden Lakes Village. For one week in September 2018, this peaceful resort played host to a deliberately pared-down Global Partnership Meeting, the site chosen to free its participants from bombast and distractions. There was simply too much at stake. For here, over 200 representatives from 107 BirdLife Partners congregated to formulate a conservation battle plan for the next half a decade; a period that could decide not just the future for the world’s threatened bird species, but also our own. I left Wallonia honoured by the support I received from the BirdLife Partners, and invigorated by their energy and passion as we prepare to enter a pivotal point of our planet’s history. Our unique sense of collaboration and ability to demonstrate impact at both global and local levels is what sets us apart, and I look forward to helping the BirdLife Partners continue to grow in voice and stature, as we combine our might to put pressure on the world’s governments to agree a new deal for nature that will protect the natural world we rely on for our sustenance and sanity. After the calm of Wallonia, we are ready to roll up our sleeves and make a difference as only BirdLife International can.

Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias Chair, BirdLife Global Council

BirdLife International is the world’s largest nature conservation partnership. Together we are 115 BirdLife Partners worldwide – one per country – and growing, with almost 11 million supporters, 7,000 local conservation groups and 7,400 staff. Find out more at: www.birdlife.org

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 3 How we work

s arguably the most mobile Today, the threats birds face have only lifeforms on Earth, birds know grown – but so has BirdLife. Today, we are a no borders. Thus, if we’re to partnership of over 100 national conservation A protect them, conservation also organisations, all of whom share a common needs to know no borders. vision – to mobilise lasting, sustainable That’s why BirdLife International was protection for the world’s birds, their habitats, formed in 1922 (as the International Council and global biodiversity in general. for the Protection of Birds) - conservationists Together, we believe in a holistic approach in the UK, Netherlands, France and US to conservation – using the insight we gain realised the need for transnational co- from our rigorous studies on the health of the operation to effectively combat the threats world’s bird species, to work for a world were facing the world’s birds. The result: a truly nature and people live in harmony. Here’s global partnership of environmental NGOs. how we do it…

1 2 3 4 WE ARE WE KEEP OUR WE’VE WE WORK IN TRULY GLOBAL. EYE ON ALL THE DOCUMENTED A PRACTICAL Colombia’s Calidris became WORLD'S BIRDS THE BIGGEST AND COST- the newest BirdLife Partner – RARE AND NETWORK EFFECTIVE in late 2017, bringing the total at the end of 2018 COMMON. OF KEY WAY FOR to 115 representing 113 . Eskimo CONSERVATION SUSTAINABLE countries or territories. Our Curlew. Just two examples of AREAS GOING. SOLUTIONS. Partners are as diverse as bird species that were once a the birds we protect – some, common sight in our skies – Forests, wetlands, deserts, What is the value in pouring such as the UK’s RSPB, are until they weren’t. As part of mountains, even the middle of time and resources into a household names with over our commitment to preventing the ocean – birds are capable project, if it won’t leave a a million members, while extinctions, we keep an eye of specialising to adapt to lasting footprint? Whether it’s others employ less than a on all the world’s bird species almost any environment. replanting forests, engaging handful of staff. Big or small, – including the well-known Which means it’s a massive hunters or influencing global young or old, the Partnership ones. By spotting downwards challenge to ensure the policy, the Partnerships empowers BirdLife Partners trends in species like Amur world’s birds are safe across strives to ensure that to connect with each other Falcon, Canada Warbler and their range. To sharpen both ecological and practical and extend their own local early, we can local and global conservation sustainability is built into conservation efforts beyond act quickly to address the priorities, our Important Birds everything we do. As part their own national boundaries underlying reasons and ensure & Biodiversity Area network of this, we demonstrate and – what we call our ‘local-to- common birds stay common. charts the habitats we need to advocate nature's values at global’ approach. SEE PAGE 42 fight the hardest to protect. every turn. SEE PAGE 14 SEE PAGE 34

4 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Welcome How we work 2018 was the year everything came together. Or rather, everyone. Our ground- breaking Flyways Summit, attended by representatives from over 100 organisations from 70 countries (see page 10) was just one of many heart- warming highlights in a year where the world’s mood began to change. Conservationists, scientists, governments, the business sector – stakeholders from all walks of life met under the same room for the first time to exchange ideas, share experiences, and drive forward meaningful, collaborative plans to ensure the world’s migratory birds continue to light up our skies for decades to come.

When the mood changes, so does the conversation. While we can’t let governments and big businesses off the hook, increasingly individuals are realising the power they hold in this era of instant communication is vast. In this spirit, BirdLife, in conjunction with National Geographic, Cornell Lab or Ornithology and Audubon (BirdLife in the US), declared 2018 the ‘Year of the Bird’, in a year-long campaign geared towards connecting nature lovers with small but impactful steps they can take to benefit nature – from re-planting native plants, to petitioning their governments to leave their nature laws be.

As a scientific organisation at heart, our part in this process is to ensure the public is armed with solid, reliable information. 5 That’s why the latest update of our State of the World’s Birds WE DELIVER report – our flagship scientific publication, is a sense of great POSITIVE pride to all of us at BirdLife. While the headline stats are cause CHANGE FOR for alarm, our rigorous, fiercely-independent science also PEOPLE. provides tangible, measurable proof that conservation makes Conservation cannot work a difference (see page 42). It’s demonstrable evidence that effectively if it is delivered we can all affect change, both individually and in aggregate. without consideration or involvement from the local We are facing a time when only solid information paired to communities who share the proven expertise will help us turn around the fate nature is same resources as the species we work to protect, and are confronting, and BirdLife is ready for the challenge. dependent on the same resources for their livelihoods. The Partnership strongly believes that working with local communities, and locally empowering people, are the foundations for long-lasting conservation. Using birds as indicators, our projects work to make a better world for birds, nature, and humans, too. SEE PAGE 38 Patricia Zurita Chief Executive Officer, BirdLife International

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 5 6 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Extinctions Preventing innovative SpeciesChampions initiative. species conservation projects via our species, andto match updonors with find thosebestplaces to protect these organisations within thePartnership to uses thenetwork of individualsand and thelastbumpbefore extinction. PEP - thehighestpossiblethreat category been assessedasCritically Endangered globally threatened speciesthat have (PEP) focuses onthesubset of these our Preventing ExtinctionsProgramme risk of extinction. Establishedin2008, 10,000+ extant bird speciesare now at highlights, oneineight of the world’s the World’s Birds [seepage42] As our flagshipscientific report, State of THE YEAR IN THE YEAR

Northern Bald Ibis © Fireglo/Shutterstock Governments.” action ledby BirdLife and decades of successful Ibis conservation, following milestone inNorthern Bald also passedamajor internationalNGOs. We Species, with three other partnership, Restore and thelaunchof anew for European species, action planningproject completion of apioneering We celebrated the successful collaborations. 2018 was a year of action guidedby science. recovery andcollaborative sustainability, long-term with anemphasison live upto itsname,always Programme continues to “The Preventing Extinctions Extinctions Manager, Preventing Senior Programme SAFFORD ROGER “The ’ recovery is heart-warming and exciting. Our challenge now is to ensure it lasts and grows.” KHADIJA BOURASS Executive Director, GREPOM

Red List: Northern Bald Ibis no longer ollowing decades of 59 pairs, most of them confined to SPECIES sustained conservation one colony in Souss-Massa National F effort, in 2018 the Park, Morocco. BirdLife, working SPOTLIGHT Northern Bald Ibis with the Moroccan government and The Northern Bald Ibis was once an integral was downlisted from Critically various BirdLife Partners including part of human culture. Over the centuries, it Endangered to Endangered as part GREPOM (BirdLife in Morocco), has been idolised as a symbol of fertility and of our annual update to the IUCN launched a community education virtue, mummified alongside Ancient Egyptian royalty, and even used as the hieroglyph Red List. This species was once campaign and employed local akh, meaning “to be resplendent, to shine.” widespread across north Africa, fishermen as wardens to protect the Although Morocco is its final wild stronghold, the Middle East and southern habitat. Numbers have risen to a semi-wild populations persist in Turkey, and the success seen in Morocco raise hopes for Europe. But by 1998 habitat loss, modern-day record of 147 breeding further recovery across at least some of its pesticides and hunting had driven pairs and spread to two small new former range. the population to an all-time low of breeding sites. Bearded Vulture © Ewa Studio/Shutterstock bird and trade vulture poisoning. around Mediterranean, the Asian the of killing birds illegal the inAsia and are already underway, including tackling Species supports BirdLife projects that Funded by Restore Planet, Our Restore unsustainable hunting, and poisoning. and unsustainable and trade, illegal onfocuses three main priorities: illegal ‘underdog’partnership The species. wide, on with afocus overlooked direct threats to world species - most the to pressing tackle Society and FIC and Wildlife the Conservation partnership Species unite inRestore conservation Giants of 8

I T BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Flora International, TRAF BirdLife,between Fauna & Species, apartnership his year we launched Restore - scale. actionplansspecies at an international project gold anew has set standard for VultureBearded (Near Threatened). The tle-dove (Vulnerable) to enigmatic the from much-loved the European Tur species’ ranges. ranged Focal species uniting countries throughout key these birds across European the continent, severe threatstackle that affect iconic bird The initiative species. aimed to Plans (SAPs) for threatened 16globally individuals, and Species Action detailed Partners, 65countries, more than 500 collaboration involved nine BirdLife EuroSAP project.three-year This Plans Species Action standard for A new gold T the EU LIFE-funded EULIFE-funded the ambitious projects to date: of one of BirdLife’s most his year saw conclusion the -

Chattering Lory © Panu Ruangjan/Shutterstock PARTNER SPOTLIGHT Macaw nest boxes in Bolivia

WHERE DO YOU OPERATE YOUR we placed our nestboxes in similar NEST BOX PROGRAMME? habitat in Barba Azul, to no avail. With TJALLE BOORSMA Since 2005 we have been placing the discovery of breeding macaws in Conservation Program nest boxes near the town of Loreto in the park in 2017, it became apparent Director, Asociación Armonía the Marban province. Since then, 81 that up north they prefer the tallest chicks have successfully fledged. dead palms in open savanna. So that 2018 saw these fledgings return to is where we are now placing our raise their own chicks for the first boxes in Barba Azul - with success. In 1992, the Blue-throated Macaw was time. Now we are focusing our efforts More generally, we also learned to rediscovered in the Beni Savannas of on the population in our Barba Azul decrease the entrance cavity by 10cm northern Bolivia, have previously been Nature Reserve, where the species is to avoid competition with the more unknown in the wild to scientists, but present in large numbers. common Blue-and-yellow Macaw! highly threatened by demand for the cagebird trade. Now, the main HOW HAVE THE NEST BOX DESIGNS WHAT HAPPENS NEXT? obstacle to the species’ recovery is EVOLVED? We are working on a landscape scale habitat loss and a lack of suitable As we had so much success in the alliance between beef producers and nesting - a situation our Bolivian south, we thought that we would conservation institutions. We would Partner has been working to addresss achieve the same success instantly in like to see a certification system for over 15 years. Barba Azul. Nope! While birds down where best practices, ranching, south breed in dense forest habitat at protecting and saving endangered approximately four metres in height, species are rewarded.

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 9 10 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Flyways landscape scale. and address barriersto migration at a capacity at themost vital stopover sites, the major migration routes, strengthen works to protect chainsof IBAs across all conservation. The BirdLife Partnership ordinated, global approach to mobility, migratory birds require aco- many other complex threats. Dueto their irresponsible hunting, or asaresult of destroyed by urbanisation, through trusted stopover sites are being figuratively longer, either becausetheir And every year, their journeys get roughly oneinfive bird speciesmigrate. migrates from poleto pole.Infact, while the Arctic , BirdLife’s emblem, and down theNorth American continent, tiny Rufous Hummingbird migrates up variety of birds make thejourney: the wonders of thenatural world. A huge Bird migration isoneof thegreat THE YEAR IN THE YEAR Co-ordinator Programme Global Flyways Saker Falcon © Michael Ninger/Shutterstock nature-inclusive landuse.” infrastructure, andpromote reduce therisksof energy address illegal hunting, protect key wetland sites, flyways worked together to Partners alongall major the next. In2018,BirdLife travel from onecountry to migratory birds asthey is neededto conserve International collaboration or near-threatened. birds are threatened one-fifth of all migratory at risk. At present, nearly putting migratory birds activities are increasingly Despite this,human people around the World. migratory birds fascinate “The incredible journeys of GEMERDEN BAREND VAN

“The Flyway Summit gave us an opportunity to exchange experiences in protecting birds in places where they need it most.” YEHYA KHALED director of RSCN (BirdLife Jordan

Global flyways conservation summit in Abu Dhabi n unprecedented identified and discussed, such as meeting convened by tackling the illegal killing of birds IN NUMBERS BirdLife and hosted by and the threat posed by renewable ACTIONS PROPOSED BY THE SA- A KER FALCON GLOBAL ACTION the International Fund energy infrastructure. Additionally, PLAN AT THE GLOBAL SUMMIT: for Houbara Conservation pulled specific sessions were held on together representatives from over improving protection of particularly 10 100 70 countries and 100 organisations, vulnerable bird families and species, falcon hospitals to satellite tags involving decision-makers from including bustards, African-Eurasian be engaged within a to be all the world’s major flyways. The vultures and Saker Falcons. Several Saker Falcon deployed summit celebrated the importance tangible actions were proposed, network of migratory birds to society and including the creation of a Global highlighted their vulnerability as Coasts Forum to unite stakeholders 1,000 1,000, they travel across borders that offer in protecting coastal ecosystems, and artificial nest 000 platforms to be built diverse threats and inconsistent the designation of Vulture Safe Zones electricity poles to degrees of protection. Top priorities in South Asia. be made bird-safe for flyway conservation were Spoon-billed Sandpipers © Shutterstock “Super Spoonie” reveals new stagingsites fertile pampas.fertile rearing of cattle on South America’s only with organic the and sustainable unique flavourthat beef the of comes to enjoy premium the quality and Meat. European consumers are now able Netherlandsthe company, based Nice to continent to hotels and restaurants by and is now distributed across the and Conference Beverage inBarcelona showcased at Hilton the Hotels Food lands, bird-friendly the meat was the in beef Nether Alliance certified Followingtic. debut the of Uruguayan across Americas) but the transatlan also - (encompassing 500Alliance Farms hotels beef hitsthe Bird-friendly 12 9,000km migration9,000km revealing previously Spoonie”, aphenomenal undertook fondly referred to as “Lime Super 07the An individual Spoon-billed Sandpiper, A T I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 of migratory routes. of increased understanding importancehighlighted the satellite-tagging study now not only transnational expand with its influence Alliance continues to ofhe scope Grasslands the - for protection the of wetlands. coastal tion of Yellow the and policies new Sea, forChina World the Heritage nomina- progress good there was further in inIndonesia. species this inAsia, Also hours, provided first the ever record of non-stop stretch 2,300km lasting 49 unknown staging sites and, following a of Migratory Species IKBTaskforce. Asian-Australasian Flyway /Convention by establishment the of an East AsiaSouth-East is underway, backed up asian Flyway, in asimilar review migratory birds across African-Eur the of killing of andscope illegal the scale Finally, building on our of review the -

Pampas landscape, Argentina © Aves Argentinas PARTNER SPOTLIGHT Combating poaching in Italy

WHEN DID THE ANTI-POACHING HOW DID THINGS IMPROVE IN 2018? CAMPS BEGIN, AND WHY? Slowly, the situation changed. UMBERTO GALLO-ORSI The camps started in 1984 to support Volunteers - lead by a few local brave Illegal Killing of Birds the State Forestry Corps’ illegal bird conservationists - coming from all Policy Advisor, LIPU killing unit. At the time, we estimated over Europe were eventually joined by over 5000 birds (mainly raptors) were a growing number of local people. The Messina Strait, a narrow water- illegally shot every spring, despite Prosecutions increased, creating a way between Sicily and mainland being legally protected since 1979. deterrent to other poachers. Nowa- Italy, is a major migration ‘bottleneck’ days we estimate ‘only’ 100-200 birds and former illegal poaching hotspot. WHAT CHALLENGES DID YOU FACE? are killed yearly, and local communi- Volunteer-ran ‘anti-poaching camps’ Shooting migrating raptors was a ties are now starting to see migration are beginning to turn things around. long-standing tradition, sometimes as a potential tourism opportunity. even accompanied by family picnics, Furthermore, decades of migration and each family had its own ‘shooting research support our anti-poaching grounds’. Therefore, opposition was activities by allowing us to predict the ferocious: a volunteer’s car was set on arrival of large flocks. fire and the local office was blasted with a bomb. Volunteers reporting illegal activity were verbally and often physically abused, and police cars and a helicopter were shot at.

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 13 THE YEAR IN IBAs ZOLTAN WALICZKY In operation since the late 1970s, our Global IBA Programme coordinator Important Bird & Biodiversity Areas “There are more than 13,000 Important Bird (IBAs) concept is the backbone of our & Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) identified to date. work, informing every area of our work Unfortunately, IBAs are under increasing pressure from unsustainable and bringing focus to priority habitats at development and land use changes including both a local and a global level. Using a infrastructure, mining and agriculture, which imperil their bird populations. Every simple yet robust set of criteria, we have year, BirdLife compiles a list of the most threatened identified and documented thousands of sites, “IBAs in Danger”, which are published on our sites across land and sea, all of which website. 2018 saw some notable victories for IBAs in Danger. However, major are vital for the persistance of policy changes are urgently needed to safeguard IBAs biodiversity on our planet. This at all levels.” information allows us to spend limited funding and resources on conserving a relatively modest number of sites – a cost-efficient way of securing a future for a large number of species. The criteria underpinning IBAs is now being extended to all taxa, in the form of a new gold standard for site-based conservation: Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs). Flying Fish Cove © Tourism Assoication Tourism © Christmas Island Fish Cove Flying

14 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 “BirdLife Australia was elated when the Australian Government listened to over 56,000 voices and prioritised the unique biodiversity of Christmas Island.” ANDREW HUNTER Conservation Campaigner, BirdLife Australia

Major victories for Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) in danger n April, we updated our the Australian government rejected of Tanzania abandoned plans to IBAs in Danger Story Map, an application for phosphate mining construct a soda ash factory at Lake I which now provides in- on Christmas Island. Elsewhere, after Natron, the world’s most significant depth information on all over a decade of legal campaigning breeding site for Lesser Flamingos. 240+ sites currently at risk. In 2018 we from OTOP (BirdLife in Poland), the Finally, Gediz Delta was saved from a celebrated major victories for four of European Court of Justice ruled that mega-bridge construction thanks to these IBAs in Danger. Following tireless logging in Białowieża Forest, Europe’s a successful court case lead by Doğa protesting from BirdLife Australia, oldest forest, is illegal. The Government (BirdLife in Turkey).

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 15 Magnificent Bird-of-paradise © Ru Smith/Shutterstock 16 policy documents includingpolicy United the formed integral major of parts several Global profile of IBAs continues to rise I I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 biodiversity. This year, they measuring and protecting standard as aglobal used for BAs are increasingly being assessment madewith headlines the (IPBES) assessment. The Services Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem report,Outlook and International the report, RamsarWetlands the Global Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals to collect further data on further region.to the collect training was held inTambrauw District IBAs for West Papua. Field survey IBAs, and ashortlist of 41candidate of bird ‘trigger species’ to identify used provinces. Key first steps included alist and KBAs inWest Papua and Papua initiate first the the inventory of IBAs Burung Indonesia (BirdLife Partner) to ThroughoutSecretariatthe 2018 helped world’sthe are 41species found there. ly famed for its birds of 38of paradise: unique diversity of birds,- and is especial for WestPapua candidate IBAs First ever listof important sites for nature. countries actionon their focus most the were listed as amajor solution to ensure to biodiversity their meet targets. IBAs risk, and that countries are not on track findingthat one million arespecies at T supports arich and highly IBAglobal network. It lastthe significant gap in our he island of New Guinea is Photo © Gustavo Bruno © Gustavo Photo

PARTNER SPOTLIGHT Argentina’s shorebird haven

HOW DID YOU FEEL WHEN YOU HOW IS THE SITE THREATENED? HEARD THE NEWS? Unregulated water extraction from ANDREA FILADORO Finding out that Mar Chiquita was the nearby rivers, especially for irrigation, Mar Chiquita Project, flagship project at Birdfair 2018 was threatens to shrink or dry out the Aves Argentinas incredible. Through Birdfair, we were lagoon completely. Agricultural able to raise awareness to a new, encroachment and pollution are also In 2018, proceeds from the British international audience and generate pressing concerns. Current regula- Fair went towards even more opportunities for support. tions are insufficient, but we hope that facilitating the creation of Argentina’s National Park status will give us more largest National Park: Mar Chiquita WHAT MAKES MAR CHIQUITA power to create change. (meaning ‘little sea’), a vast salt lake SPECIAL? and shorebird haven of global Mar Chiquita stands out for its WHAT ARE THE FIRST STEPS TO importance. immense size and high biodiversity, PROTECT THIS PRECIOUS SITE? including 380 bird species. It behaves We have started by talking to com- like an inland sea in that every year, munity leaders and local people to hundreds of thousands of migratory promote the idea of the National Park shorebirds congregate here, travelling and the importance of its wildlife. We from both the Northern Hemisphere are listening to their ideas and and Patagonia. offering training in ecotourism, which will create sustainable alternative incomes.

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 17 18 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Change Climate our work ontheground. energy deployment, which helpinform change andinthefield of renewable research, both ontheimpactsof climate underpinned by our ground-breaking international levels. These efforts are policies at national, regional and advocacy for effective climate change threat innumerous ways, includingthe Partnership istacklingthispervasive species we strive to protect. The BirdLife fragmentation, to thedistributionof the invasive species,to habitat compound every area of our work, from effects of climate changeimplicate and including people. The devastating is aseriousthreat to life onEarth, largely causedby humanactivity, andit climate change isreal, it’s happening,it’s There isnolonger room for debate: THE YEAR IN THE YEAR ideas.” thinking andexploring new constantly challengingour changing field, we are energy. Inthisnew and nature-friendly renewable change, andsupport more resilient to climate communities to become help ecosystems and soil erosion. We also flooding or preventing carbon, holdingback essential assets instoring wetlands andforests are Natural habitats such as nature-based solutions. Programme focuses time. Our Climate Change pressing concerns of our to beoneof themost climate changeisproving “Now, more thanever, BERRY ASHTON Lake Kivu, Rwanda © Tetyana Dotsenko International Coordinator, BirdLife Global Climate Change

“CRAGs combines science with local knowledge. Our approach pinpoints ‘erosion hotspots’, allowing us to restore the land at these specific sites” PROVIDENCE AKAYEZU CRAGS Project Manager, BirdLife

Novel techniques protect people and planet ince climate change poses these reasons, BirdLife is taking a lead Resolving this will benefit local people humanitarian as well as on the CRAGs project. CRAG stands for in numerous ways such as improved S ecological problems, the Climate Resilient Altitudinal Gradient agricultural irrigation, healthy fisheries best protective measures - an approach that adopts ‘nature-based and freshwater for domestic use. In will account for both people and solutions’, putting communities at the 2018, scientists successfully completed wildlife. Predicted rises in rainfall heart of the conservation effort whilst vulnerability assessments and ‘sediment render hilly and mountainous regions recognising that functioning ecosystems fingerprinting’ to find the sources of vulnerable to landslides, soil erosion are fundamental to environmental erosion. With the knowledge in place, and flooding. Moreover, they often host health. The CRAG concept is being African governments and organisations globally important biodiversity because piloted in areas of Rwanda and Burundi are increasingly supportive in enabling of their huge variety in habitat. For where river sedimentation is severe. communities to implement solutions. Wood harvesting in Germany / Andreas Beer ‘Clean’ bioenergy paradox exposed innew animation we are well to placed solve. worldwide,ing policy is this aproblem Force expands to influenc with aview - largely unprotected. As Task Energy the areas most likely to cause conflict are with potential wind farms, showing that where birds are most likely to conflict our science. This year BirdLife mapped work of Task the Force is informed by for renewable infrastructure. The energy that are cost-effective both and bird-safe ments and businesses to sites identify Force: aplatform working with govern- BirdLife coordinates Task Energy the must To minimised. be end, this collision risk to birds and bats which share theskies and bladesto Enabling birds 20 renewable mix,is ‘clean energy energy’. makes up 65%of European the Union’s dispel myth the that bioenergy, which (ECA) division has long endeavoured to W M I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Europe and Asia Central to sustainable. BirdLife’s notdoes necessarily equate bustingyth renewable time: but turbines present afatal source energy tally-friendly promise as an environmen- ind power holds much government subsidies and incentives various languages. It explores how English with subtitles available in carbon neutral. The animation is in burningthe of biomass for is not energy explains how, contrary to popular belief, animation that comprehensively In ECAteam 2018,the created an are doing our bit for climate. the thatfacade by opting for we bioenergy Awareness is essential inending the forest and land grabs. including clear-cutting of old-growth alarmingly unsustainable consequences, bandwagon, bioenergy the with have encouraged industries to jump on

Via PixHere Canada Warbler © Paul Reeves Photography Reeves © Paul Warbler Canada

PARTNER SPOTLIGHT 12 Partners, one Action Plan

WHAT IS THE ROLE AUDUBON HAS grassroots support, especially from PLAYED SINCE THE DEVELOPMENT younger citizens. With the help of MATTHEW JEFFERY OF THE PLAN? proven science that shows what we Deputy Director, Audubon has been working at a stand to lose if we fail to act, more International Alliances Program, National country level with specific Partners people are being galvanized to do all Audubon Society and potential donors to identify we can to protect our world. resources that advance the plan. In Colombia, we have been working with WHAT HAPPENS NEXT? The Climate Action Plan for the Calidris (BirdLife Partner) to build In the Americas, there is a great need Americas was developed by BirdLife resilience with communities through to build the political “bird conserva- International and 12 BirdLife Partners alternative livelihoods. In Chile, we’re tion voice” to advance adaptation and across the region, with the aim of working with CODEFF (BirdLife mitigation measures that improve bird delivering nature-based solutions Partner) and the Ministry of Environ- habitat that will allow for population that increase the climate resilience of ment on coastal resilience through centers to shift under a changing people and biodiversity throughout new protections and restoration. climate and to better support people. Latin America and the Caribbean. Our A key consideration under this is to US Partner, the National Audubon HOW HAS THE FOCUS SHIFTED IN build economic value in birds, and Society, has provided leadership both RECENT YEARS? nature. The green economy needs to in the development and the subse- Despite resistance from the Trump grow so that conservation actions quent advancement of this plan. Administration in addressing climate meet government priorities – jobs and change, there is still a groundswell of economy.

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 21 22 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Marine develop innovative solutions. habitats, and work alongsidefisheries to we advocate for and their around the world (andinthehighseas), 1997. Working with BirdLife Partners established our Marine Programme in fishing vessels. In response, we change andunintentional conflicts with Invasive species,overfishing, climate of threats, including,butnot limited to, extinction. The reason? A complex web penguins, are now threatened with abundant species,includingsome puffins inthe North Atlantic. Even once- intheSouthernOcean to identified almost everywhere, from extinction. Steep declineshave been three speciesisglobally threatened with have decliningpopulations, andonein almost half of theseincredible species threatened groups of vertebrates. Today, Seabirds are oneof the world’s most THE YEAR IN THE YEAR Programme Head of Marine Mzphoto.cz/Shutterstock and Antarctica.“ Atlantic, West IndianOcean of sites intheNorth we supported identification important seabirds sites, of protecting globally devices deployed. Interms >1,000 tracking in ten countries and fisheries observer training up to full speed,including funded marineprojects got West Africa, theMava- the Mediterranean and with global tunafleets. In 5 countries, andour work the Task Force in fisheries, includingthrough bycatch of seabirds in efforts to reduce theglobal Programme continued its “In 2018theMarine CLEO SMALL

“ Our threat assessment underlines the potential to take positive action for seabirds ” MARIA DIAS, Senior Marine Science Officer

New research pivotal to marine conservation his year saw the first threatened are facing the same SPECIES ever comprehensive dangers as those that are, so if we T assessment of threats don’t act now, many more species SPOTLIGHT to all seabird species, in could soon be at risk of extinction. Seven years pass before a Grey-headed order to identify the main drivers of The problem is big, but there is Albatross fledgling returns to its natal declines. We now know that invasive cause for hope: although addressing ground to breed. The pressing mystery has species, bycatch and climate change climate change is a complicated and been ‘where do they go in the meantime?’ - especially because juvenile survival rates are are the top three threats, and this long-term endeavour, the issues of low. A project with the British Antarctic Survey important study will underpin the bycatch and invasive species have means we can now follow the movements of Marine Programme’s work to save proven solutions. By addressing these satellite-tagged juveniles online. Preliminary results indicate areas of high risk of bycatch in these iconic birds for years to come. major threats we are giving seabird the South East Atlantic – crucial information Worryingly, the study indicates that species greater resilience to face the for the world’s fastest-declining albatross. many species that are not currently pervasive threat of climate change. FreezerTrawl vessel, Argentina © Leo Tamini Common Eider © Giedriius/Shutterstock to domore to tacklebycatch Assessment findsseafood certification schemeneeds using ared/amber/green ‘traffic light’ addressed bycatch of non-target species 24 seen its seabirdseen bycatch drop by over roughlykill 20,000 birds annually, has longlinedemersal fishery, whichto used Further breakthroughs intheprotection of albatrosses W T I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 bycatch: Namibian the reductionsfurther in Task Force continues, with he success of Albatross the certificationscheme seafood (MSC)sustainableCouncil Marinethe Stewardship howe assessed effectively for improvement scheme. inthe reduce bycatch), unveiling huge room (demonstrating effective action to achieved an overall green score fisheries assessed 23certified the scoring system. Shockingly, only three of analysis with Fishing Global Watch Cape Town, and apioneering undertook Asian vessels inFiji, Mauritius and conducted outreach port-based to to bird-scaring use lines. We also regulations require trawling all vessels 90%. In Argentina, introduced new

implemented fisheries. incertified measures to reduce bycatch are to need ensurethe that practice best stronger data standards on bycatch and given to MSC,including the much Recommended improvements were New Zealand. New seabird measure, with efforts led by Commission adopted astrengthened and Pacific Central Fisheries linestheir at night. The Western with fleets these requirements set to data to estimate compliance by

I N FOCUS

Towards the end of the year, we launched #AlbatrossStories. This digital media campaign – which follows the lives of individual albatrosses on Bird Island, South Georgia – has helped to increase public awareness and concern for albatrosses. Black-browed Albatross © vladsilver / Shutterstock vladsilver © Albatross Black-browed THE YEAR IN Invasive STEVE CRANWELL Invasive Species Species Programme Manager “The impact of invasive species is more apparent Even on the world’s remotest islands, today than ever before. Almost half of all seabird species are affected, and human impact can be felt. Introduced to these dangers intersect with other threats such new lands either deliberately, or as as bycatch out at sea. Seabirds are not the only ones implicated: 75% stowaways on ships, invasive species of all threatened birds on islands are equally from rugged, competitive ecosystems impacted. Despite these daunting statistics, can quickly take hold in their new technological advances are allowing restoration over increasingly large surroundings, making short work of and complex areas. I am extremely proud of the endemic species who have evolved in a practical solutions the BirdLife Partnership has continued to deliver world without land predators and find this year.” themselves defenceless. Introduced species are the primary driver of documented bird extinctions since 1500 – but we’re working to reverse the tide, with 30 islands already cleared, resulting in rebounding bird populations and stronger crop yields for locals. Tristan Albatrosses, Gough Island. © RSPB Gough Island. Albatrosses, Tristan

26 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 “Atop this list are 107 islands where it’s feasible to eradicate invasive species right now, with huge potential benefits for threatened species ” IAN BURFIELD Global Science Coordinator (Species), BirdLife International

The 169 islands we must save now n 2018, BirdLife co-led a measured how imperilled they are Island in the South Atlantic, the RSPB major paper pinpointing by invasive mammals. Considering (BirdLife in the UK) is leading plans to I priority islands where technical and social feasibility, they remove a strain of invasive house mice invasive species removal identified 169 priority islands where to benefit six highly threatened bird could have the biggest impact. This eradication could begin by 2020 or species in one go. On Marion Island, huge global collaboration, involving 2030, preventing the extinctions of BirdLife South Africa is raising funds over 50 authors, assessed all threatened up to 131 species. BirdLife’s work is to eradicate invasive mice through a terrestrial vertebrates on islands, and already underway on several: on Gough “sponsor a hectare” campaign. Polynesian Ground-dove © Marie-Helene Burle robust to change. robust to to expand into apopulation that is more world’s rarest birds now has chance the Thanks to island restoration, one the of where have they alreadyto breed. begun to Larks island, the Raso radio-tagged (BirdLife inPortugal) translocated 30 2018, team of biologists including SPEA cleared of invasive cats and rats. Then in much larger island of Santa Luzia was With help the of RSPB the change and extreme weather events. Islet, where it was vulnerable to climate confinedtiny, the to uninhabited Raso Endangered lark of Critically reintroduction Ground-breaking 28 F I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 (Critically Endangered)(Critically was Verde, Lark Raso the human colonisation of Cabo or centuries following , the nearby,, the has spread to island the of Tenarunga. Ground-dove Endangered) (Critically formerly absent, and Polynesian the breeding on Makaroa, where were they havetwo petrel species found been have more than doubled. Additionally, of Murphy’s Petrel (Near Threatened) gered) have more than trebled, and those of White-throated Storm Petrel (Endan- On Manui Island alone, nesting densities dramatic recoveries already underway. invasive Research species. in2018shows of sixislands the were declared of free threatened bird In species. 2017, five out French Polynesia, home to four globally Acteonthe &Gambier island group in islands restored Pacific bird recovery on Exciting proof of I ambitious project to restore Polynesia) an launched Manu (BirdLife inFrench n 2015,BirdLife and SOP

Raso Lark © Awatef Abiadh Photo credit © Island Conservation © Island credit Photo

PARTNER SPOTLIGHT Restoring the Marquesas

HOW DID TEUAUA’S ROCKY TERRAIN screeching and divebombing the ADD TO THE CHALLENGE? team while they worked! TEHANI WITHERS Arriving was challenging, as the islet Island Restoration is located outside the protected bay NOW TEUAUA IS RAT-FREE, WHAT IS Manager, SOP Manu area and often exposed to rough sea NEEDED TO SCALE UP THE PROJECT? currents. We could only approach We plan to restore another seven The Marquesas is one of the most during high tide (8-9 am), where we sites, In November 2019 a final isolated archipelagos in the world – would jump from the moving boat feasibility study on Mohotani island located a mere four hour plane ride onto a very small plateau located at (the largest uninhabited island) will be from Tahiti. The islands are home to the bottom of the islet. Then to reach carried out. The next step is to raise unique landscapes, species and the main plateau, you have to climb a funds for the operation – securing culture – and also familiar introduced 10 m rope. We were lucky to have three million euros. Teuaua was four predators. In 2018 we reported back experienced locals work with us, mak- hectares and the rat eradication was on successful efforts to eradicate ing landing easier and safer. done manually. But for the rest of the predators on the island of Teuaua – a off-shore islands, you would need a test run, hopefully, for bigger things. WE UNDERSTAND THE LOCAL FAUNA helicopter, boats, large teams of ADDED TO THE DIFFICULTY… experts and locals to work 3-6 Yes! We had to move the project months on these remote islands and twice due to the unexpected number islets. It is a huge project, but it will be of Sooty , who breed year round. worth it to secure the habitat of many We had thousands of birds constantly bird species threatened by extinction.

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 29 30 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Forests people. mutally benefits both biodiversity and and governed –anarrangement that forest areas are appropriately managed others to ensure the world’s most vital governments, theprivate sector and works with local communities, annually. BirdLife’s Forests programme that 13millionhectares of forest are lost alarmingly high, with theFAO estimating rates of natural forest lossremain and income. Yet despite global efforts, for subsistence, livelihoods, employment 1.6 billionpeoplerely heavily onforests ecosystem services. Furthermore, over biodiversity, natural habitats and importance for birds andother The world’s natural forests are of critical THE YEAR IN THE YEAR the planet.” that work for peopleand and to helpfindsolutions influence their direction, the world to guideand landscapes around conserving forests and use our richexperience loss. BirdLife isableto commitments to endforest companies makingnew we saw governments and we dependon. This year, all theecosystem services biodiversity, climate and its implications for of deforestation, and waking upto thecrisis “The world isfinally GRIFFIN BRYNA Northern Bald Ibis © Fireglo/Shutterstock Programme Head of Forests

“We focus much effort on the Atlantic Forest, to secure protection for habitats that are the last refuge of Critically Endangered species.” ALICE REISFELD Project Manager, SAVE Brasil

A master plan to protect one of Earth’s richest wildlife regions

he Atlantic Forest, ago. It is therefore crucial that there IN NUMBERS spanning the east coast are solid measures in place to restore of South America and the forest and protect what remains NUMBER OF ENDEMIC SPECIES T IN THE reaching inland into from further devastation. To this end, ATLANTIC FOREST Paraguay and Argentina, shelters BirdLife Partners Aves Argentina, many of the continent’s rarest birds. Guyra Paraguay and SAVE Brasil Its biodiversity is thought even to have finalised an Atlantic Forest 160 232 exceed that of the more greatly Action Plan. With support from the mammals birds renowned Amazon rainforest, with Aage V. Jensen Charity Foundation new species being discovered still. the plan is already underway, This is astonishing, considering planning restoration, improving 6,000 + human disturbance and deforestation connectivity between fragmented 236 has reduced the size of this biome patches of forest and strengthening to just 7% of what it was 500 years existing protected areas. © Jonathan Eames transforming trade. the GPSNRthe shows much promise in world’sthe tyre manufacturers enrolled, an end to land-grabbing. With 65%of larger yields, better labourers’ rights and water resources, suppliers gain from preventing deforestation and conserving everyonebenefit involved: besides how to effect change. The outcomes will with eachother to collectively on decide manufacturers are now collaborating chain. Suppliers, processors and vehicle stakeholders along whole the production fed into tyre the industry, by involving ability of usage, rubber 70%of is which member. It aims to improve sustain the - friendly rubber tyre for nature- from to Collaboration 32 T I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 with BirdLife as afounding (GPSNR) launched year, this Sustainable Natural Rubber he Platform Global on the rise. population of Giant the Ibis on is also enjoying vastly improved livelihoods, the forest. people are While local the not to into expand land their further the environmentally-friendly practices,and for crop. their In return agree to they use offerswhich farmers a premium price helped introduce Ibis to Rice area, the reason, BirdLife’s Programme Cambodia nation’s vulture population. For this thought as well extinct), as 70%of the Endangered that species was once national bird, Giant Ibis (aCritically This region is homeCambodia’s to birds Endangered and Critically benefits farmers Sustainable rice I forest-friendly ‘Ibis Rice’. over 200families selling thereCambodia, are now n Western Siem Pang,

Rubber trees, Thailand © Bangprikphoto Shutterstock I N FOCUS

In late 2018, our Forests Programme launched a pilot initiative called the Forest Landscape Sustainability Accelerator. Modelled on the innovation that powers start-up businesses such as in the tech sector, the Accelerator was set up to tackle the age-old issue of many conservation initatives being funded on a project-by-project basis – not necessarily the most sustainable approach. The Accelerator will provide financial and technical support to a small number of Partners working on landscapes, helping them access the knowledge and space to create new, sustainable funding models. Green-headed Tanager © Ciro Albano © Ciro Tanager Green-headed 34 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Development Capacity NGOs. previously there were noconservation such asMadagascar or Fiji, where self-sustaining organisations incountries allowed for thecreation of independent, Partner supportmodel which has support to their peers–aPartner to Partners step upto provide practical countries, many of our established marketing. With BirdLife present in115 management, communications and policy andconservation action,andalso component of our work, from science to impact. Capacity buildingisamajor tangible, sustainableconservation and collaborate with eachother for grassroots NGOs who support,guide dedicated andeffective partnership of heart of theBirdLife model:buildinga Capacity development liesat the very THE YEAR IN THE YEAR guides to come.” and Spanish– with further for thefirsttime,in French distributed, Planning was Strategic andOperational Guides for Governance and meeting, aGoodPractice and Tanzania. Also at the in Armenia, Chile,Colombia conservation organisations the development of who are facilitating and NABU(Germany), such as Audubon (US) the way are Partners were identified. Leading to-Partner cooperation opportunities for Partner- Meeting –a week where 23 the General Partnership Partners inattendance at in 2018, with over 100 of Many was infull force “The spiritof thePower MWANGI KIRAGU © lovelyday12/Shutterstock Development Manager Senior Capacity

“For Nature Mauritanie and hopefully all the partners concerned, the CDF is seen as the ONLY opportunity to move towards technical and financial empowerment.” DJIBRIL DIALLO, Executive Director, Nature Mauritanie (BirdLife in Mauritania)

Directing crucial funds to where they are needed most ur Capacity Development and gives them a boost to ensure assistance in a range of areas such Fund (CDF) is a new and financial sustainability, facilitate smooth as human resources management, O powerful resource with operational procedures and enable fundraising and governance. The the potential to transform delivery of impactful, on-the-ground initiative currently covers twelve the performance of conservation conservation work in the long-term. Mediterranean countries and three organisations for the better worldwide. The Capacity Development Fund is Partners in South America, with the Rather than working on a project- supported by the MAVA Foundation ultimate vision of a robust network by-project basis, it identifies the and the Aage V. Jensen Foundation, of thriving BirdLife Partners in every organisations most in need of support and provides Partners with technical country of the world. landmark meeting Global Partnership gathers inBelgiumfor Birdfair and Aage V. Jensen Foundation, biodiversity. Funded by British the offerideas fresh a approach to protecting career innovative inconservation, whose Nurturing thenext generation of conservationists 36 formative meetings are acatalyst for Meeting. five Held years,these every forBelgium Partnership Global the O I I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 together inWallonia, BirdLife Partners met representatives from 107 n September, over 200 looking to kick-start their continues to support those programmeLeaders ur Young Conservation largest giant panda population, area the initiative –but hosting besides the surprising target for species abird-based Team” County, inPingwu –a unique project was that of “Panda the three inAsia year. this One particularly awarded to three teams Pacific inthe and grants and training opportunities were network. actionpoints Several were and strengthen capacity throughout the Partnershipthe is financially resilient develop work on IBAs and KBAs, ensure topics of discussion included how to input into shaping BirdLife’s future. Key Partner allowing to ideas new every forests inFrench Polynesia. removing invasive plants from Iti’s Rapa Hornbilled of Philippines the and projects include saving Rufous-head the - threatens pandas both and birds. Other stand and resolve overgrazing which birds. The team are working to under holds 70%of China’s endemic forest more Partners to get involved. ‘Forests’ programme, opening it up to ‘Foreststhe of Hope’ programme to –to asimpleZealand name change of Species programmeAlien inNew major projects –such Invasive as anew upon,decided from proposal the of new -

© Shannon Anstee The “Panda Team” © Wanyong Ge PARTNER SPOTLIGHT Connecting communities with the ‘Clean-up Crew’

WHAT IS NCF DOING TO CONSERVE of vultures in remote pastoral com- STEPHEN AINA VULTURES IN NIGERIA? munities through vulture profiling, Research Scientist, We are building capacity and trusts, in community engagement and aware- Nigerian Conservation addition to forging partnerships ness creation. NCF in its advisory Foundation among stakeholders to disband illicit capacity helps the team achieve its networks of vulture trafficking in rural rural penetration drive. In 2016, the Young Conservation communities and also assuage or Leaders initiative funded and support- prevent the adoption of existing WHICH AREAS OF CONSERVATION IN ed a team to implement a project titled cultural burden that made vultures WEST AFRICA WOULD BENEFIT “Fostering Community Capacity and major ritual items and pricey trophies FROM FUTURE CAPACITY BUILDING? Partnership for Raptors Conservation in in wildlife markets across Nigeria. The Conservation Science and Technology Nigeria” . This project is an endeavor YCL scheme ensures that vultures are (To support evidence-based practic- designed to unite local communities, protected and insulated in-situ es), Indigenous Community Con- build capacities and nurture the against the activities of vulture served Areas (particularly, in commu- aspirations of local people to love and merchants in rural and isolated nications and community protect species of vultures across the pastoral and agrarian communities. engagement) and Protected Area remote landscapes of the project Management are the three main location. Our Nigerian Partner, NCF, WHAT IS THE MENTORING ROLE NCF areas. played a mentoring role in the innova- IS PLAYING IN THE YCL PROJECT? tive project, with activities including a The YCL project is a rural outreach conservation soccer tournament. scheme dedicated to the protection

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 37 THE YEAR IN Local CHARLOTTE KLINTING Engagement & Global Programme Coordinator, Local Engagement & Empowerment Empowerment “In 2018, BirdLife has exemplified how local communities are the Sustainable, successful conservation best guardians of the environment on which they cannot occur without the consent and depend for their livelihoods and cultural heritage. Our Partners build networks of active participation of the local people Local Conservation Groups who have the capacity who depend on the very same natural to take action; and work with communities to show how biodiversity goals and resources for their livelihoods. This is sustainable livelihoods can go hand in hand. In one of the reasons why people lie at the this community-centred approach to conservation, heart of everything we do, with attention BirdLife strives to empower people for positive change.” to local values, knowledge and voices finding expression across BirdLife’s programmes, from policy influence and poverty reduction to climate change adaptation. With limited resources for conservation, the enduring survival of ecosystems and species depend on the willingness of local people to protect and value them, and our ultimate aim is for all 13,000+ IBAs worldwide to be safeguarded by their communities. Middle East Lebanese farmer © UNDP farmer Lebanese Middle East

38 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 “In our search of new models for habitat conservation, the answer has been in the Middle East all along – even though Hima had been neglected for centuries” ASSAD SERHAL Director, SPNL (BirdLife in Lebanon)

Science and tradition unite in the Middle East his year, several ‘Youth Knights’ project, empowering Partners in the Middle students to take action to conserve T East have made great their local IBAs. Finally, in Lebanon, progress in engaging SPNL (BirdLife Partner) has set their Local Conservation Groups: up five new Hima zones at IBAs. community volunteers who protect Hima is a centuries-old tradition the IBAs they live near. Nature of community-protected natural Iraq (BirdLife Partner) has set up areas originating from the Arabian income-generating activities in Peninsula. Historically, it was an central Iraq, allowing local people to essential way to regulate resources earn sustainable revenues without in the harsh local climate. SPNL is damaging important habitats. RSCH reviving this tradition with the input (BirdLife in Jordan) has developed its of modern conservation science. Felix Caparro, A member of the indigenous community © Daniel Espínola Jara the running of running 21,000sites.the all requirement become alegal ed, will in Forestry Guidelines, adopt when which, - ofas part National the Community endorsed by Department the of Forests ly, biodiversity the guidelines have been in conservation country. inthe Exciting- is now as akeyBCN player recognised through five regionaltraining centres. staff received conservationtraining forest groups. user 300forest users and operational plans of 15community integrated conservation actioninto the NepalConservation (BirdLife Partner) scheme completed inMay 2018,Bird Through ahighly successful pilot forest laws in community conservation Nepal embeds 40 N I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 million households. resources benefit 2.24 community forests whose has overepal 21,000 guide future projects. compiledbeing into a business plan to sustainable product. Lessons learnt are mate ready to market as apremium private company sector to get yerba the standards, and are indiscussions with a busy refining certification and quality – but that’s just We start. the are now 48 hectares of shade-grown yerba mate indigenous communities have planted forest To reserve. date, farmers and prevent encroachment into San Rafael of traditional this tea-like beverage, to people up to set agroforestry plantations years, Guyra Paraguay helped local agroforestry yerba mate future for Exciting new T been completed.been two Over shade-grown Yerba Mate has project to grow organic, he first stage of flagshipour

© Bird Conservation Nepal I N FOCUS

Huge steps were taken in 2018 towards the sustainable use of critical wetlands in Lake Victoria, the world’s largest tropical lake. In Uganda, a Ramsar Site Committee has been constituted and empowered through training and support in tourism development at Lutembe bay IBA. In Kenya, training of the Local Conservation Group (LCG) and application of the TESSA (ecosystem services) toolkit to develop a site case for conservation has been completed, focusing on Yala Swamp IBA. In Tanzania, two LCGs have been established and supported to develop community action plans to conserve the Mara Bay and Masirori swamp IBA. , Lake Victoria, Uganda © Silvia Truessel © Silvia Uganda Victoria, Shoebill, Lake WHAT WE LEARNED FROM THE 2018 STATE OF THE WORLD’S BIRDS

42 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 April 2018 saw the release of State of the World’s Birds: Taking the Pulse of the Planet – a global overview of the state of birds, the pressures they face and the actions underway to save them. Now in its fourth edition, BirdLife’s flagship science publication is established as one of the most authoritative and influential syntheses of its kind, and the latest findings are already helping to shape the global conservation agenda

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 43 State: The current health of bird populations

Atlantic Puffin ©️ Richard Bartz

It is now widely acknowledged that we are in the midst of a mass extinction event – the sixth such The threat of extinction is episode in our planet’s 4.5 billion year history, and the first to be driven by the actions of a single species spreading to once widespread, – humankind. Scientists estimate that species are disappearing at a rate 100 to 10,000 times greater familiar species than would naturally occur, with perhaps dozens of species going extinct every day. Our lack of Many globally threatened bird species have tiny populations knowledge about the natural world means that there and very small ranges. Increasingly, however, widely is considerable uncertainty as to the true extent of distributed and familiar bird species are also coming under the crisis. A few groups of organisms, however, are threat of extinction, often as the result of large-scale well known –none more so than birds. exploitation and habitat degradation. Until recently, Yellow- breasted Bunting was one of Eurasia’s most abundant bird species, breeding across the northern Palaearctic from Finland One in eight birds is to Japan. However, since 1980, its population has declined by 90%, whilst its range has contracted by 5,000 km, and the threatened with extinction species is now considered Critically Endangered. Although banned, large-scale hunting of this Chinese delicacy continues Sadly, there has been a steady and continuing deterioration in – in 2001 an estimated one million buntings, known the status of the world’s birds since the first comprehensive colloquially as ‘the rice bird’, were consumed in China’s assessment of the IUCN Red List in 1988. At least 40% of the Guangdong province alone. world’s 11,000 bird species now have declining population Rampant overexploitation also lies behind the ongoing trends, and 13% – roughly one in eight – are globally threatened decline of Grey (and its sister species, Timneh Parrot). with extinction. Threatened species are not evenly distributed These intelligent, gregarious birds are a favourite pet around amongst bird groups. For instance, there are particularly high the world, and this popularity fuels an illegal trade that now proportions of threatened species among cranes (73%), African- renders both species Endangered. The European Turtle-dove Eurasian vultures (68%), albatrosses (68%) and (29%). was once a familiar migrant to Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East from the Sahel zone of Africa. Because of habitat

44 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 loss and hunting, the species is now declining across its range African-Eurasian vulture and has recently been uplisted to Vulnerable. The Snowy Owl is surely one of the most widely recognised populations are in freefall birds in the world. They are also widespread, occurring throughout the Arctic tundra of the Northern Hemisphere. Yet Today, just two species of “Old World” vulture remain they are experiencing a rapid decline, most likely connected to Least Concern. Of the rest, eight are classified as Critically climate change, and have recently been uplisted to Vulnerable. Endangered and are at risk of imminent extinction.. In the marine realm, the depletion of fish through overfishing Populations in South Asia were the first to collapse, with and climate change has caused rapid declines in widespread declines of around 95% between 1993 and 2000. These were and much-loved seabirds such as and Black- principally the result of acute poisoning from livestock legged Kittiwake. carcasses contaminated with the veterinary drug diclofenac. More recently, vultures have begun to disappear across vast swathes of Africa.

RED LIST INDICES FOR SELECTED DECLINING BIRD GROUPS

❚ All bird species ❚ Specific bird groups NOTE: An RLI score of 1 equates to all birds being categorised Least Concern, hence none are expected to go extinct in the near future. A score of 0 means all species have gone extinct. Vertical axes differ.

OLD WORLD VULTURES HAWAIIAN ENDEMICS ASIAN SONGBIRDS

BETTER 1.00 1.00 1.00 l 0.90 l 0.90 l 0.80 l 0.80 l 0.70 Red List 0.70 0.60 Index of 0.50 species 0.60 survival 0.40 l 0.30 l 0.50 l 0.20 l 0.40 l 0.10 WORSE 0.30 0.00 0.90

ALBATROSSES & PETRELS PENGUINS PARROTS

BETTER 1.00 1.00 1.00 l l l l 0.90 0.90 l 0.90 Red List Index of 0.80 0.80 species survival l 0.80 l 0.70 0.70 l l l WORSE 0.60 0.60 0.70

CRANES PACIFIC ISLAND PIGEONS BUSTARDS

BETTER 1.00 1.00 1.00 l l l 0.90 l 0.90 l 0.90 Red List 0.80 Index of 0.80 species survival 0.70 l 0.80 l 0.70 l 0.60 l l WORSE 0.60 0.50 0.70

1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 45 Pressure: Why birds are declining

The threats to birds are many and varied, but invariably of humanity’s making. Agricultural expansion, logging, overexploitation, urbanisation, pollution, disturbance and the effects of invasive alien species are all driving bird declines and diminishing the natural world. In the long term, human-induced climate change may prove to be the most serious threat of all. Most species are impacted by multiple threats and many threats are interrelated. For example, land clearance for agriculture is often preceded by deforestation or wetland drainage. Similarly, climate change is extending the area of suitable habitat for Avian Malaria-transmitting mosquitoes.

Agriculture is the biggest threat to globally threatened birds

The expansion of agriculture, and the resultant habitat destruc- tion, is one of the greatest threats to the world’s biodiversity. The area of Earth’s land surface given over to agriculture has increased more than six-fold over the past 300 years, from less White-crowned than 6% in 1700 to more than 38% today. The conversion of Sparrow natural habitats to farmland is now occurring most rapidly in ©️ Tim Lenz tropical regions – driven by global demand for commodities such as coffee, cocoa, sugar, palm oil and soya. For globally threatened birds, agricultural expansion and relatively modest temperature increase experienced to date has intensification is the most pervasive menace, impacting 1,091 had a considerable impact. Recent bird population trends in species (74%). Logging affects 734 species (50%); invasive alien Europe and North America show a strong and consistent signal species threaten 578 (39%) species and hunting and trapping of climate change. Warm-adapted species have increased in puts 578 (35%) species at risk. abundance over recent decades, while cool-adapted species There is mounting evidence that neurotoxic insecticides have decreased in numbers. known as neonicotinoids are having a detrimental impact on farmland birds. Neonicotinoids are widely used across North America, Europe and elsewhere to pre-treat crops, where they Human overconsumption lies can collect in high concentrations in surface water and on the surface of . A recent study from the USA found that behind the biodiversity crisis migrating White-crowned Sparrows exposed to concentrations of neonicotinoids lost a quarter of their body mass and fat Behind all threats to birds are bigger-picture issues relating to a stores. The neurotoxin also impaired their migratory rise in population and individual consumption. These are orientation. worsened by imbalances in power and wealth, an outdated economic system and inefficient resource use. Addressing these underlying causes is challenging, and requires radical changes Climate change is a to the way we run our global economies and live our individual lives, yet it is essential if the impending biodiversity crisis is to growing concern be averted. Earth’s natural capital must now sustain 7.6 billion people, including a rapidly expanding global middle class that Climate change represents an emerging and increasingly enjoys an unprecedented level of individual material serious threat – currently affecting 33% of globally threatened consumption. species – and one that often exacerbates existing threats. A Humanity is now living beyond the biological capacity of the recent review of the scientific literature shows that nearly one planet: demand for resources is now equivalent to more than quarter of bird species so far studied have been negatively 1.7 Earths. The natural systems that underpin all life are affected by climate change. Given that scientific research has beginning to buckle. The race is on to develop sustainable been largely limited to Europe and North America, this figure methods of living before our vital ecological systems and cycles is certainly an underestimation, and indicates that even the are irreversibly compromised.

46 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 THREATS DRIVING

DECLINES 31 1091 996 493 146 74% BirdLife systematically evaluates Aquaculture Wood & Pulp the threats facing globally Livestock Plantations threatened bird species as part of Agriculture Crops its work assessing avian extinction risk for the IUCN Red List. This provides an important insight into 734 611 267 the principal drivers not only of bird 50% extinction, but of the biodiversity Large Scale crisis more widely. In turn, this Logging Subsisience/ informs our conservation strategies Small Scale and approaches. 25 11 578 374 154 98 83 45 39% Fish Bird Micro- Plant Mammal Organism/ Invasive Species Diseases

517 35%

Hunting & Trapping

30 485 21 33% 344 137 63 Temperature Droughts Other Storms & Impacts Extremes Climate Change & Habitat Shifting Flooding Severe Weather & Alteration

405 28% 294 108 84

Commercial Tourism & Recreation Residential & Housing & & Industrial Areas Commercial Urban Areas Areas 1,469 Development GLOBALLY 271 THREATENED 18% BIRD SPECIES Fire & Fire Supression 33 24 259 18% 218

Renewable Oil & gas Mining & Energy Production Energy Drilling & Mining Quarrying 9 220 15% 186 37 Utility & Shipping Transport & Roads & Service Lanes Sevice Corridors Railroads Lines 11 10 213 8 8 14% 146 65 Garbage & Domestic & Light Airbourne Oil Spills & Solid Wastes Pollution Agricultural & Industrial Urban Waste Pollution Pollutants Forestry Effluents Effluents Water 14 193 104 98 13% War Recreational Human Work Activities Disturbance

122 8%

Dams & Water Management 95

6%

Fisheries 63

4%

Gathering Terrestrial Plants

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 47 Response: The actions needed to conserve birds and biodiversity

Campbell Albatross ©️ Alan Tate

The pressures on the world’s flora and fauna and At sea, BirdLife’s Albatross Task Force has made huge the habitats where they live are considerable. Yet, advances in preventing seabirds from becoming accidentally conservation does work. For birds in particular, hooked and drowned in fishing gear. In South Africa, albatross there are numerous inspiring success stories that bycatch in the hake deep-sea trawl fleet was reduced by 99% demonstrate that, given sufficient resources and over six years through the introduction of measures such as political will, species can recover and habitats can bird-scaring lines. BirdLife is working to replicate these be restored. The BirdLife Partnership has been spectacular results throughout the industry. responsible for many of these successes, and continues to find innovative ways to safeguard biodiversity in a way that benefits and involves local We can do it – but decision- communities and the wider society. makers need to act now

Protecting habitats is essential We know what needs to happen, and it is eminently achievable – so long as there is sufficient action by Targeting conservation at individual species has had some decision-makers. Everyone has a role to play in tackling the phenomenal results, but this needs to be complemented current unsustainable impacts of human activities on the by broader-scale strategies. BirdLife is responsible for planet. Individually, we need to minimise the effects of our identifying a network of Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas lifestyles on biodiversity, particularly through consumption (IBAs). Around the world, the IBA inventory has helped and carbon emissions. But governments have a particular inform the designation of hundreds of protected areas, responsibility to implement policies that lead to especially within the European Union. environmentally sustainable development. Many have made The ambitious Trillion Trees programme, a partnership commitments through the Convention on Biological Diversity between WWF, WCS and BirdLife, is aiming for one trillion and other multilateral environmental agreements, as well as the trees planted, protected and restored by 2050. The Sustainable Development Goals, to end the biodiversity crisis. initiative builds on BirdLife’s already extensive programme It is the role of governments to work with civil society and the of work on forest restoration. business sector to ensure that these commitments are met.

48 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 BACK FROM THE BRINK

At least 25 bird species have been brought back from the edge of extinction so far this century. The following species have all been downlisted from Critically Endangered since 2000 due to conservation action. There are additionally Critically Endangered species for which conservation action is happening, but which is not yet sufficient to warrant downlisting, yet without which the species would surely have deteriorated further and perhaps even vanished altogether.

Red-billed Curassow Black-fac d Asian Rarotonga Monarch Crax blumenbachii Nesoenas mayeri Platalea minor Nipponia Nippon Pomarea dimidiata downlisted to Endangered in 2000 downlisted to Endangered in 2000 downlisted to Endangered in 2000 downlisted to Endangered in 2000 downlisted to Endangered in 2000 and Vulnerable in 2012

Rodrigues Warbler Tongan Scrubfowl Christmas Boobook Zino’s Petrel Abbott’s Booby Acrocephalus rodericanus Megapodius pritchardii Ninox natalis Pterodroma madeira Papasula abbotti downlisted to Endangered in 2000 downlisted to Endangered in 2004 downlisted to Vulnerable in 2004 downlisted to Endangered in 2005 downlisted to Endangered in 2005 and Near Threatened in 2013

Seychelles White-eye Seychelles Magpie-robin Nukuhiva Imperial-pigeon Chatham Petrel Zosterops modestus Copsychus sechellarum Psittacula eques Ducula galeata Pterodroma axillaris downlisted to Endangered in 2005 downlisted to Endangered in 2005 downlisted to Endangered in 2007 downlisted to Endangered in 2008 downlisted to Endangered in 2009 and to Vulnerable in 2016 and to Vulnerable in 2015

Lear’s Macaw Mauritius Fody Yellow-eared Parrot Azores Bullfinch Campbell Teal Anodorhynchus leari Foudia Rubra Ognorhynchus icterotis Pyrrhula murina Anas nesiotis downlisted to Endangered in 2009 downlisted to Endangered in 2009 downlisted to Endangered in 2010 downlisted to Endangered in 2010 downlisted to Endangered in 2011 and to Vulnerable in 2016

Pale-headed Brush-finch St Helena Plover Amami Thrush Guadalupe Junco Atlapetes pallidiceps Charadrius sanctaehelenae Zoothera major Junco insularis Icterus Oberi downlisted to Endangered in 2011 downlisted to Vulnerable in 2016 downlisted to Near Threatened in 2016 downlisted to Endangered in 2016 downlisted to Vulnerable in 2016

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 49 European Goldfinch © Shutterstock European

Finances Income, £’000s 2018 2017

Events and other 1,278 1,111 2018 Corporations 1,662 1,619 Grants from institutions and foundations 15,108 15,890

he BirdLife Secretariat has continued its Individual donations, memberships and legacies 1,383 1,402 high levels of income during 2018 with T total income of £21.8 million compared BirdLife Partners 2,318 2,115 to £22.3 million in 2017, and £16.0 Investments 88 150

million in 2016. The Secretariat’s total expenditure Total 21,837 22,287 has increased to £20.6 million in 2018 compared to £19.7 million in 2017. The increase in expenditure relates to restricted spend, which enabled the Expenditure, £’000s 2018 2017 organisation to deliver extraordinary conservation results. Fundraising 1,049 825 The Secretariat’s unrestricted net income before Charitable Expenditure 19,579 18,827 transfers showed a surplus of £168,691. This is a great result, compared to a deficit in 2017 of - Preventing Extinctions 1,670 2,457 £185,851, with various factors having contributed to - Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas 3,711 3,837 this positive result. - Migratory Birds and Flyways 2,431 2,244

- Marine 2,716 1,526

- Invasive Alien Species 731 368

- Forests of Hope 3,212 2,569

- Climate Change 189 250

- Local Engagement and Empowerment 688 681

- Capacity Development 1,467 1,611 Tony Brindley © Tony - Conservation Science 1,123 1,036

- Conservation Policy 1,641 2,040

Restructuring 0 208

Photo Arctic Terns Terns Arctic Photo Total 20,628 19,652

50 I BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 Income

EVENTS AND OTHER 6% CORPORATIONS 8% GRANTS FROM INSTITUTIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 69% INDIVIDUAL DONATIONS, MEMBERSHIPS AND LEGACIES 6% BIRDLIFE PARTNERS 11% INVESTMENTS 0%

Income, £’000s 2018 2017

Events and other 1,278 1,111

Corporations 1,662 1,619

Grants from institutions and foundations 15,108 15,890

Individual donations, memberships and legacies 1,383 1,402 Expenditure

BirdLife Partners 2,318 2,115

Investments 88 150 FUNDRAISING Total 21,837 22,287 5% CONSERVATION PROJECTS 74% CONSERVATION SCIENCE 5% CONSERVATION POLICY 8% CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT 7% RESTRUCTURING 0%

BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL ANNUAL REVIEW 2018 I 51 Together we are BirdLife International Partnership for nature and people

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