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Klang Valley: Rail Public Transport

The World Bank Malaysia Economic Monitor 2015 reported that traffic congestion in Greater Kuala Lumpur was estimated to have costed 1.1 – 2.2% of GDP in 2014. Public transport is one way to alleviate traffic congestion.

With the Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit (KVMRT) Line 1 slated for completion at the end of this year, exciting times are ahead for potential commuters. The launch of the Kelana Jaya and Ampang on 30 June 2016 extension lines herald a new dawn in Greater Klang Valley rail public transport. More projects are in the pipeline, such as LRT3, Klang Valley Double Track project, and MRT Line 2.

Basic Facts Stakeholders Klang Valley Population: 7.2 Million Syarikat Prasarana Malaysia Berhad (Prasarana) Households' growth in past decade: 59% ● Established: 1998 by Ministry of Finance Total no. of households: 1.66 million ● Operational since: 2002 Current public transport network in the region ● Asset owner and operator of: covers: - Malaysia’s two LRT networks 278 km of rail, 115 stations. - KL Monorail Part of: Greater KL/ Klang Valley Public Transport - Bus services of: RapidKL, Rapid Penang, Rapid Kuantan Master Plan ● Wholly-owned Government company

SPAD-Related Laws Land Public Transport Authority (SPAD) ● Plans, regulates, and enforces all matters relating to land public transport Act 714 ● Jurisdiction: Entire Peninsular Malaysia ● Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat Act 2010 ● Planning power: Establishing a Master Plan for infrastructure ● To provide for the establishment of Suruhanjaya development Pengangkutan Awam Darat ● Regulatory Power: Monitor and regulate industry’s operators’ standard through licensing Act 715 ● Enforcement: Powers to audit, investigate, compound/ suspend/ ● Land Public Transport Act 2010 revoke operators’ licenses. Can also seize and auction vehicles ● Regulate land public transport and related matters for offenses relating to illegal use of vehicles. Has own officers. ● Gives powers to SPAD ● Placed under the Prime Minister’s Department

In The News

Monorail Expansion KTM Komuter Intervals to be halved by 2019 ● Scomi Engineering is committed to completing the RM 494 million ● From current 15 minutes to 7.5 minutes by 2019 KL Monorail expansion project. ● But commuters will have to put up with new train timetable with an increased wait time ● Scomi contracted to deliver 12 sets of new four-car monorail trains, ● Known as Klang Valley Double Track project, costing RM 1.41 construct a new depot and install a new signalling system, upgrade billion. monorail stations (incl. electrical and mechanical systems) ● Second supplemental contract required Scomi to deliver 10 sets of ERL Price Hike Unstrategic the four-car trains by Dec 31, 2015. (Already overdue at time of ● Initial implementation cost: RM2.4 billion news) ● ERL alleged to have been suffering losses over the years, Early bird discount for commuters accumulating RM671.7 million. ● 50% discount from 6 a.m. to 7a.m. ● Investors injected another RM72 million capital into the ● Beginning September 16, 2016 company. ● Applies to LRT and Monorail ● Fares increase to RM55 one-way from January 1, 2016.

KTM Komuter ERL (Express Rail Link) ● KTM Komuter (Not to be confused with KTM Inter-city) ● Operating since 2002 commenced its operations in 1995 ● KLIA Transit vs KLIA Ekspres: ● Services: - KLIA Ekspres: direct train from KL Sentral to KLIA/KLIA2 - Batu Caves – Seremban - KLIA Transit has three more stops between KL Sentral and - Tanjung Malim – Pelabuhan Klang KLIA/KLIA2 ● Both services pass by KL Sentral for interchange ● Owned by YTL Corporation Berhad, Lembaga Tabung Haji, ● Owned by Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad SIPP Rail Sdn Bhd, and Trisilco Equity Sdn Bhd

KL Monorail LRT (Kelana Jaya Line) ● Commenced operations in August 2003 ● Commenced operations in 1998 ● Spans from KL Sentral to Titiwangsa ● Formerly known as PUTRA LRT ● 11 Stations ● 24 Stations ● Operating on a mixture of two-coach trains and four- coach trains ● Gombak – Kelana Jaya (both ways) ● Owned by Prasarana Malaysia ● Fully automated, driverless trains ● Owned by Prasarana Malaysia

LRT (Ampang Line and Sri Petaling Line) ● Commenced operations in 1996. ● Formerly known as STAR-LRT ● 37 stations ● Two lines, one from Ampang and the other from Putra Heights, merge at Chan Sow Lin station and head towards Sentul Timur. ● Owned by Prasarana Malaysia

8th to 11th Malaysia Plans: A Snapshot

8th Malaysia Plan (2001-2005) 10th Malaysia Plan 2011-2015 ● Emphasis will be on the need to have a more efficient, safe and Rail Development: comfortable public transport system to enable a modal shift from private ● A mass rapid transit system covering a 20km radius from the Kuala Lumpur city centre will be implemented and is expected car usage. to carry 2 million passenger-trips per day when completed. 9th Malaysia Plan (2006 – 2010) Targets : Urban transport: ● Increase public transport modal share from 12% in 2009 to ● Encouraging a modal shift from private vehicles to public 30% by 2015. transport to achieve a ratio of 30:70 (public to private vehicles). ● SPAD to develop and monitor the implementation of a 20-year ● Expansion of LRT and KTM Komuter services, procurement of National Land Public Transport Master Plan. more rolling stock, enchancement of stations, park and ride ● Introducing BRT and a single cashless ticketing system facilities. across various operators. ● Constructing integrated transport terminals as transit hubs. Extension of existing LRT lines: Rail transport: ● 49km Greater KL BRT system consisting three major ● Development of rail transport will focus on increasing corridors to be implemented. operational efficiency as well as promoting rail transport as a ● Strengthen enforcement of laws restricting entry of heavy major mode of freight transport. vehicles into CBD during peak hours by SPAD, RTD and traffic police. 11th Malaysia Plan (2016-2020) ● Achieve 40% public transport modal share in GKL/KV by 2020 ● Achieve 20% public transport modal share in other cities by 2020 ● Strengthen rural, rural-urban and inter-city connectivity through enhanced bus, rail and air services ● Expanding Transit-oriented Development (TOD) by designing residential and commercial development with maximum access to public transport ● Construction of Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit Line 1 to be completed in 2017 ● Construction of Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit Line 2 to be completed in 2022

80’s-90’s ● Mini buses (bas mini) ● Started operating on 23 Sept 1975 under MoT ● Served the KL and Klang Valley region Mid 90’s ● Terminated on 1 July 1998 ● Two bus consortia: Intrakota, Cityliner ● However, they faced financial problems. 1995 ● KTM Komuter introduced 1996 ● LRT Ampang line and Sri Petaling Line commenced 1998 services ● PUTRA LRT commenced operations ● Syarikat Prasarana Negara Berhad was incorporated 2000 ● KL Sentral, a major public transport terminal was 2002 ● Prasarana took over the assets and operations of completed. Star-LRT, Putra-LRT. ● KLIA Ekspres (KLIA to KL Sentral) was launched. 2003 ● Prasarana buys Cityliner and Intrakota buses ● KL Monorail commenced operations 2004 ● Rangkaian Pengangkutan Integrasi Deras (RAPID) was handed over the operations of LRT and bus 2007 network by Prasarana ● Prasarana buys KL Monorail System Sdn Bhd.

2016 ● Ampang Line LRT Extension completed ● Kelana Jaya Line extension will open on June 30 2017 ● Phase 1 of MRT Line 1 completed ● Phase 2 of MRT Line 1 completed

2019 ● Klang Valley Double Track (KVDT) project 2020 completed ● Completion of LRT 3 2021 ● July 2021, initial phase of MRT Line 2 completed 2022 ● July 2022, final phase of MRT Line 2 completed

Image source: paultan.org Image source: thestar.com.my

Klang Valley Mass Rapid Project (KVMRT) Klang Valley Three MRT Lines: MRT Line 1, MRT Line 2, MRT Double Track Project (KVDT) Line 3. ● Rehabilitation of 42 km of tracks between 1) ● MRT Line 1: Phase 1: End of 2016, Phase 2: Rawang and Salak Selatan and 2) Sentul and July 2017 Simpang Batu Sungai Buloh to Kajang (51 km), 31 stations ● Enhancement of 16 stations along these routes ● MRT Line 2: Initial Phase: July 2021, Final ●Work carried out on the network’s double Phase: July 2022 tracking, signalling and communication systems Sungai Buloh-Serdang-Putrajaya (52.2 km), 37 ● Completed by 2019 stations ● MRT Line 3: Currently in planning and development stage

Light Rail Subang – Transit Line 3 (LRT3) ● Links Bandar Utama Skypark Subang Terminal Extension Project to Klang (36km) ● 25 stations ● From Subang Jaya KTM Station to ● Completion date: 2020 SkyPark Subang Terminal Station ● Key part of National Land Public (Terminal 3 of Subang Airport) Transport Master Plan

Current Problems ● Overcrowding during peak hours ● Poor signage design ● Low connectivity to train stations ● Erratic timing of buses traveling to train stations ● Expensive ● Network is only good enough for short term, the services will be overwhelmed in long term

Recommendations ● An efficient bus system that connects residential Source: Ministry of Transport, Malaysia zones, commercial zones and train stations is needed. Buses that stop at train stations will operate on an increased frequency during peak hours. ● All rail services in Klang Valey should be placed under an umbrella body for uniformity purposes in terms of branding and mapping/labeling. However, each entity is still financially managed independently. ● Daily spending cap, where any travel after the cap is free. ● Provide discounts for travelling before the morning rush hour and after-work rush hour. ● Fare integration between KTM and Prasarana services ● Have provisions for possible future expansions such Source: Ministry of Transport, Malaysia as longer platforms