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I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF H IGH -E NERGY P HYSICS CERNCOURIER WELCOME V OLUME 5 5 N UMBER 1 0 D ECEMBER 2 0 1 5 CERN Courier – digital edition Welcome to the digital edition of the December 2015 issue of CERN Courier. Eight years after their first visit to ALMA’s site in Chile, CERN’s Paola Catapano and Mike Struik pay a second visit to the experimental site and its 66 antennas, now in operation. For the past four years, anything ALMA has observed has been a press release, and more is certainly to come for the world’s largest astronomical project. Closer to the field of particle physics, in this issue we feature the role of photons as probes to investigate the properties of quark–gluon plasma, and we discover DUNE, the flagship neutrino experiment gaining global interest from an increasingly large community. Finally, we pay tribute to a giant of physics, Nobel laureate Yoichiro Nambu, who passed away in July. To sign up to the new-issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/sign-up. To subscribe to the magazine, the e-mail new-issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/how-to-subscribe. Amazing ALMA TECHNOLOGY DUNE MAGNETS ON CERN’s test The experiment gains global magnet attains interest p19 THE MOVE EDITOR: CHRISTINE SUTTON, CERN record fi eld SESAME’s magnets journey from DIGITAL EDITION CREATED BY JESSE KARJALAINEN/IOP PUBLISHING, UK p8 CERN to Jordan p32 CERNCOURIER www. V OLUME 5 5 N UMBER 1 0 D ECEMBER 2 0 1 5 CERN Courier December 2015 Contents Covering current developments in high-energy physics and related fi elds worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to member-state governments, institutes and laboratories affi liated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly, except for CERNCOURIER January and August. The views expressed are not necessarily those of the CERN management. Editor Antonella Del Rosso V OLUME 5 5 N UMBER 1 0 D ECEMBER 2 0 1 5 Books editor Virginia Greco CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail [email protected] Fax +41 (0) 22 76 69070 5 V IEWPOINT Web cerncourier.com Luis Alvarez-Gaume, Peter Jenni, Christine Sutton, Claude Amsler, Advisory board 7 N EWS Roger Bailey, Philippe Bloch, Roger Forty High Luminosity LHC moves forward A new record for the Laboratory correspondents: • • Argonne National Laboratory (US) Tom LeCompte RMC test magnet at CERN CMS data-scouting and a search for Brookhaven National Laboratory (US) P Yamin • Cornell University (US) D G Cassel low-mass dijet resonances • LHCb measures the effective double DESY Laboratory (Germany) Till Mundzeck EMFCSC (Italy) Anna Cavallini parton scattering cross-section with unprecedented precision Enrico Fermi Centre (Italy) Guido Piragino ATLAS observes long-range elliptic anisotropies in √s = 13 and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US) Katie Yurkewicz • Forschungszentrum Jülich (Germany) Markus Buescher 2.76 TeV pp collisions ALICE looks to the skies (part II) GSI Darmstadt (Germany) I Peter • IHEP, Beijing (China) Tongzhou Xu IHEP, Serpukhov (Russia) Yu Ryabov 13 S CIENCEWATCH INFN (Italy) Antonella Varaschin Jefferson Laboratory (US) Steven Corneliussen JINR Dubna (Russia) B Starchenko 15 A STROWATCH KEK National Laboratory (Japan) Saeko Okada Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (US) Spencer Klein Los Alamos National Laboratory (US) Rajan Gupta RCHIVE NCSL (US) Ken Kingery 17 A Nikhef (Netherlands) Robert Fleischer Novosibirsk Institute (Russia) S Eidelman Orsay Laboratory (France) Anne-Marie Lutz F EATURES PSI Laboratory (Switzerland) P-R Kettle DUNE and its CERN connection Saclay Laboratory (France) Elisabeth Locci 19 Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK) Jane Binks The next-generation long-baseline neutrino-oscillation experiment SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (US) Farnaz Khadem TRIUMF Laboratory (Canada) Marcello Pavan is gaining global interest. Produced for CERN by IOP Publishing Ltd 2 10 Pb–Pb √s NN = 2.76 TeV 0–20% ALICE PDF: CTEQ6M5, FF: GRV IOP Publishing Ltd, Temple Circus, Temple Way, 22 Penetrating and puzzling: photons shed light (n)PDF: CTEQ6.1M/EPS09, 10 20–40% ALICE FF: BFG2 ) 40–80% ALICE 2 c 1 Bristol BS1 6HG, UK JETPHOX –2 10–1 PDF: CT10, FF: BFG2 on heavy-ion collisions nPDF: EPS09, FF: BFG2 (GeV Tel +44 (0)117 929 7481 (all scaled by N ) dir –2 coll dy γ 10 T N 2 dp d T –3 p 10 ×102 ev. N 1 –4 The light shining from high-energy collisions π 10 1 Publisher Susan Curtis 2 ×10 10–5 ® 10–6 0 Mileon , the world’s Production editor Lisa Gibson of heavy nuclei reveals unique information ×10 10–7 Technical illustrator Alison Tovey 0 246810 12 14 longest copper hollow Group advertising manager Chris Thomas on quark–gluon plasma. pT (GeV/c) conductor, enables the Advertisement production Katie Graham Hot or cold manufacture of magnet Marketing & Circulation Angela Gage 24 A close look at the world’s largest astronomical project coils without joints. Head of B2B & Marketing Jo Allen Beautiful images from the Atacama desert celebrate Luvata is the industry leader in providing Art director Andrew Giaquinto ALMA’s scientifi c achievements. the best in both superconductors and Advertising Tel +44 (0)117 930 1026 (for UK/Europe display advertising) or +44 (0)117 930 1164 (for recruitment advertising); 27 Yoichiro Nambu: breaking the symmetry hollow conductors. We’re helping create www.luvata.com/hollow-conductors E-mail: [email protected]; fax +44 (0)117 930 1178 Two prominent scientists recall the work and personality of the magnetic fields for industry and science Copper stabilized General distribution Courrier Adressage, CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Nobel laureate who was their mentor. around the world. niobium-titanium (NbTi) In certain countries, to request copies or to make address changes, contact: and niobium-tin (Nb Sn) China Jiang Ya'ou, Library, Institute of High Energy Physics, 3 31 F ACES &P LACES conductors for a variety PO Box 918, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China E-mail: [email protected] of superconducting Germany Antje Brandes, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany applications. E-mail: [email protected] 42 R ECRUITMENT UK Mark Wells, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, Wiltshire SN2 1SZ E-mail: [email protected] 45 B OOKSHELF US/Canada Published by Cern Courier, 6N246 Willow Drive, www.luvata.com/superconductors St Charles, IL 60175, US. Periodical postage paid in St Charles, IL, US Fax 630 377 1569. E-mail: [email protected] POSTMASTER: send address changes to: Creative Mailing Services, PO Box 1147, St Charles, IL 60174, US Published by European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF H IGH -E NERGY P HYSICS 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland CERNCOURIER Tel +41 (0) 22 767 61 11. Telefax +41 (0) 22 767 65 55 V OLUME 5 5 N UMBER 1 0 D ECEMBER 2 0 1 5 Printed by Warners (Midlands) plc, Bourne, Lincolnshire, UK © 2015 CERN ISSN 0304-288X www.luvata.com Amazing ALMA TECHNOLOGY DUNE MAGNETS ON CERN’s test The experiment gains global On the cover: Aerial photograph taken from a drone of the ALMA site in July. magnet attains interest p19 THE MOVE record fi eld SESAME’s magnets journey from p8 CERN to Jordan p32 (Image credit: Mike Struik, CERN.) 3 Luvata_SC_MileonAd.indd 1 ad_2014_portrait_2.indd 6 05/03/201415/09/2015 08:17 11:53 CERNCOURIER www. V OLUME 5 5 N UMBER 1 0 D ECEMBER 2 0 1 5 CERN Courier December 2015 Viewpoint Our Courier Whose Courier is it? The new editor refl ects on the future of the CERN Courier. A fi rst visible change is this “Viewpoint”. Up until the October issue, it could be found at the end of the issue. Now it has been placed at the start, and its role has changed from that of an opinion piece to being the opening article intended to grab the reader’s attention. Cian O’Luanaigh 2015 O’Luanaigh Cian Is it working? Are you reading it? Please let me know. Although this is probably the fi rst time that we have appealed for feedback directly in these pages, the fact that the CERN Courier is open to contributions and feedback from the wider community is far from new. From when the magazine was fi rst published online, the “Contact us” webpage has stated the following, in French and English: “CERN Courier welcomes contributions from the international high-energy physics community. These can be written in English or French, and will be published in the same language. If you have a suggestion for an article, please send your proposal to the editor.” In other words, for many years we have been eager to hear from you. And, indeed, you have communicated with us and given your feedback, and we have published your work, your professional ambitions, and your points of view. We have been part of your life and you have been part of ours. Many thanks for that. And what does the future hold? The CERN The communication of By Antonella Del Rosso Courier will continue to bring you its authoritative science is more effective when insight into scientifi c information; it will continue to it is conveyed in a more visual The CERN Courier is not exclusively CERN’s. keep you abreast of developments at CERN and other way. Its subtitle “International Journal of High-Energy laboratories worldwide; it will continue to bring you Physics” stands as a friendly warning to all those the very best images and, where possible, the very best readers who might otherwise think it is an offi cial video clips (yes, purely “sciency” videos, produced mouthpiece of the CERN laboratory.