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BOOK of ABSTRACTS Table of Contents BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Table of Contents Schedule 2 Program 3 Sunday July 5 3 Monday July 6 5 Tuesday July 7 81 Wednesday July 8 169 Thursday July 9 229 Friday July 10 295 Index 328 ISHPSSB PROGRAM P | 3 Schedule SUNDAY JULY 5 LOBBY OF J.-A.-DESÈVE (DS) BUILDING SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 13:00 – 17:00 REGISTRATION JULY 5 JULY 6 JULY 7 JULY 8 JULY 9 JULY 10 8H00 > Registration 9H00 > MARIE-GÉRIN-LAJOIE AUDITORIUM 17:00 – 18:00 Session 1 Session 4 Session 8 Session 11 Session 14 PRESIDENT’S WELCOME 10H00 > COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK 11H00 > MARIE-GÉRIN-LAJOIE AUDITORIUM Session 2 Session 5 Session 9 Session 12 Session 15 18:00 – 20:00 12H00 > WELCOME TO MONTRÉAL COCKTAIL LUNCH BREAK LUNCH BREAK LUNCH BREAK LUNCH BREAK LUNCH BREAK 13H00 > Grad. student Early career scholar general meeting Council Council Council 14H00 mentoring lunch > meeting meeting meeting Membership diversity meeting 15H00 > Registration 16H00 > Session 3 Session 6 Session 10 Session 13 17H00 > Excursions in President’s COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK COFFEE BREAK and around Montreal welcome 18H00 > Awards ceremony Plenary session Session 7 Plenary session and ISHPSSB Sandra Harding W. Ford Doolitlle Welcome general meeting 19H00 > to Montréal cocktail Pub night cocktail Poster session and Montréal best 20H00 > and cocktail poster prize Dining buffet (“ Cocktail dînatoire ”) 21H00 > 22H00 > NOTE: the symbol ** indicates that, at time of publication, the attendance of this presenter has not been confirmed. INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY, PHILOSOPHY, AND SOCIAL STUDIES OF BIOLOGY ISHPSSB PROGRAM P | 5 MONDAY JULY 6 LOBBY OF J.-A.-DESÈVE (DS) BUILDING 08:00 – 09:00 REGISTRATION INDIVIDUAL PAPERS DS 1420 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES: INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVES 09:00 – 10:30 Evolution and (Aristotelian) virtue ethics JOHN MIZZONI (Neumann University, United States) It is well known that virtue ethics has become very popular among moral theorists. Even Aristotelian virtue ethics continues to have defenders. Bernard Williams (1983, 1995), though, has claimed that this “neo-Aristotelian enterprise” might “require us to feign amnesia about natural selection.” This paper looks at some recent work on virtue ethics as seen from an evolutionary perspective (Michael Ruse 1991, William Casebeer 2003, Donald J. Munro 2005, John Lemos 2008, and Jonathan Haidt & Craig Joseph 2007) and explores whether Williams’ evolutionary challenge can be met. Against Williams’ challenge, I argue that “the first and hardest lesson of Dar- winism,” as Williams calls it, has indeed found “its way fully into ethical thought” (Williams 1983). And virtue eth- ics—in several varieties, not only Aristotelian—fits it rather well with an evolutionary perspective on human origins. Environment and quantum Darwinism DENIZ ÖLÇEK (Middle East Technical University, Turkey) Environment is not a passive surrounding, but an active whole which consists of inter-related centers of life, individuals and subsystems. In Cartesian worldview, it is understood as a non-participatory structure which preserves its identity through time. It was perceived merely as a medium. Moreover, our interaction with it con- sidered very limited and from an anthropocentric point of view. Today, we know that such unevolving essential description is not significant as physics, biology, ecology, they are all underlining the entangled, temporal nature of the world. Quantum Darwinism addresses that all living and nonliving entities, from macro objects to DNAs and to subatomic particles are open for external influences and that environment is an active, organic web able to monitoring itself, and the natural selection is not occurring in the biological level but also in quantum level. Thus, in all the fragments of reality – environment as what we live in – there are many levels of selection. This paper aims to revise the idea of an active environment in the light of the concept of Quantum Darwinism, first described by the Polish Physicist W. H. Zurek (1993), showing how selection occurs in different levels. Addi- MONDAY JULY 6 P | 7 MONDAY JULY 6 tionally, it briefly aims to discuss if this active, relational view of environment linking physics, evolutionary biology tion differentials represent the covariance of a trait variable and a fitness variable, relative to a token context. and ecology may be inspirational to ecocentric ethics. Then either (1) selection is individuated at a type level and conceptualized as merely influencing the expectation over fitness or (2) selection is individuated at a token level and conceptualized as having to do with how two Ethical dimensions in contents linked to ecosystem services in ecology teaching variables covary in a token context. I argue that neither consequence for determining which traits are selected DALIA MELISSA CONRADO (Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil); NEI NUNES-NETO (Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil) for and to what degree is particularly appealing. Although very much used in current conservation policies, the concept of ecosystem services present some problems, such as commodification of nature or different ethical perspectives and values underlying discourses In search of invariance in evolutionary biology on it. Besides, this concept can be considered value-laden, because it is dependent on ideologies and human JUN OTSUKA (Kobe University, Japan) judgments. In this work we will argue for a strong emphasis on the ethical dimensions of ecosystem services The ontological and epistemological status of evolutionary principles has long been a topic of various discus- concept in the context of ecology teaching. As a step towards this, we support the argument that the content sions in the philosophy of biology. Are they empirical laws or mathematical tautologies? Do they represent in science education, in general, and in ecology teaching, in particular, should be conceived in a wider way dynamical processes or statistical patterns? Equally controversial is the nature of the concepts used in these than is traditionally done. Traditionally, the content is restricted to a conceptual dimension. However, as some principles or of the objects to which they are supposed to apply. What is fitness, phenotype, or gene? Do authors have argued, educational contents should include also other elements, such as values and attitudes. evolutionary equations apply to groups as well as individuals? If so, do they represent the same or different Based on this wider understanding of content, the following particular subject matters associated to ecosystem process(es)? In physics, the nature of laws has been studied by using the concept of invariance. The prin- services, could be approached in ecology teaching: biodiversity, production of biomass and ecosystem stability, cipal idea is that the form of physical laws must be invariant through a specified group of transformations. In global changes, resilience, health and human well-being, monoculture and genetic variability, among others. classical non-relativistic mechanics, for example, the Newtonian laws and the distance between two objects do This seems to imply, then, that to approach ecosystem services in ecology teaching, there should be an inte- not depend on frames of reference related to each other by the so-called Galilean transformations. It is such gration between, by one hand, scientific (ecological) concepts and theories, and, by the other, ethical values. invariance through a transformation group that makes physical laws and properties objective. The centrality Particularly, to understand ecosystem services in this way would have an interesting consequence to practices and success of invariance principle in contemporary physics suggests that a similar approach may be useful in in ecology teaching, in general: ecology should be taught linked to ethics. As a more radical consequence, understanding the nature of evolutionary laws or equations. In this presentation I try to portray the philosophical ecology teaching strategies should not only be designed to generate a better theoretical understanding or puzzles about evolutionary principles as different facets of the same problem: the lack of a definite invariance technical intervention on ecological and social-ecological systems, where ecosystem services are embedded, principle in evolutionary theory. If this is correct, an effective approach would be to find an appropriate group of but, significantly, should also provide ways to act – in an ethically informed manner – in these very systems. transformations through which evolutionary principles remain invariant. With this prospect, I explore what these transformations might look like in some simple cases of evolutionary genetics. Quantifying form versus function in current evolutionary transitions INDIVIDUAL PAPERS ROGER SANSOM (Texas A & M University, United States) MEASURING EVOLUTIONARY FORCES DS 1520 I take the form/function debate to be an empirical issue about the relative contribution to evolution from (a) the 09:00 – 10:30 Challenges for determining which traits are selected for and to what degree bias in the production of variation (due to probabilistic developmental constraints) and (b) the bias in elimination WES ANDERSON (Arizona State University, United States) of variation (due to probabilistic natural selection). I develop a model that combines these two influences to Biologists often use selection gradients or selection differentials, not merely to determine
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