The Analysis of Plot Used in Michael Chrichton's Novel

Home , Airframe (novel), Disclosure (novel), Prey (novel), Rising Sun (novel), Sphere (novel)

THE ANALYSIS OF PLOT USED IN MICHAEL CHRICHTON’S NOVEL DISCLOSURE

A PAPER

WRITTEN

FITRI YANTI SILABAN REG. NO: 132202007

DIPLOMA III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2016

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Approved by

Supervisor,

Drs.M. Syafi’ie Siregar, M.A.

NIP . 19561113198601 1 001

Submitted to Faculty of letters University of North Sumatera

In partial fulfilment of the equirements for DIPLOMA(D-III) in English.

Approved by

Head of English Study Program,

Dr. Matius C. A. Sembiring, M.A.

NIP : 19521126198112 1 001

Approved by the DIPLOMA III Of English Departement

Faculty of letters, University of North Sumatera

As a paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION

I am FITRI YANTI SILABAN declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except references are made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.

No other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of the paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.

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Date : ……………..

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION

Name : FITRI YANTI SILABAN

Title of paper : The Analysis of Plot Used In Michael Chrichton’s Novel Disclosure

Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya

Study Program : English

I am willing that my paper should be avaible for reproduction at the discretion of the

librarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Letters USU on the

understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic

of Indonesian.

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UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT

This paper is entitled The Analysis of Plot Used In Michael Chrichton’s Novel Disclosure. Plot is the literary element that contains the events in a story where the events have cause and effect relation. A occurs because of B and the result is C. The plot itself has a stucture which consits of exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution. Each structure parts is closely related; exposition is the beginning to introduce the characters and places, rising action is the marker of conflict that is binding up to climax, contemplation (falling action) and ending (resolution). In this novel narrated infidelity is a betrayal to the wedding vows that produces crisis of household. Awarness for the bounty of love creates the fidelity is the price of unwavering in a marriage, in this research the writer uses qualitative description method to describe the plot which is presented in the novel.

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UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK

Kertas karya ini berjudul The Analysis of Plot Used In Michael Chrichton’s Novel Disclosure. Plot adalah unsur sastra yang memuat kejadian-kejadian dalam sebuah cerita dimana kejadian tersebut memiliki hubungan sebab akibat. A terjadi karena B dan mengakibatkan C. Plot itu sendiri memiliki stuktur yang terdiri dari exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution. Masing-masing dari bagian struktur itu terkait erat; exposition adalah awal memperkenalkan karakter dan tempat, rising action penanda konflik yang mengikat hingga sampai pada klimaks (climax), perenungan (falling action), dan akhir (resolution). Dalam novel ini dikisahkan perselingkuhan merupakan penghianatan pada janj pernikahan yang menghasilkan krisis rumah tangga. Kesadaran dan kemurnian cinta menjadikan kesetiaan adalah teguhnya sebuah pernikahan. Dalam penelitian penulis menggunakan metodedeskriptif kualitatif untuk menggambarkan plot yang sudah tersaji dalam novel tersebut.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOLEDGEMENTS

First of all, I would like to thank the Almighty GOD, who gives me health and capability to finish this paper as my last assigment for my degree at English Study

Program in University of North Sumatera.

- I would like to thank to the Dean Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. Budi Agustono,

M.S. and the Head of English (D-III) Study Pogram

- Dr. Matius Sembiring,M.A,and my supervisor in writing this paper

- Drs. Syafi’ie Siregar, M.A, also my paper reader

- Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.Hum, thank you for all of the time, patience and

suggestion. I am also grateful to all the lectures who have given advices and taught

me wisely during the academic years.

- To my beloved parents, Amer Silaban and Tiominar Silitonga(Alm) I would like to

express my gratitude for their loves and supports that has given to me during my

entire life.

- To my brother and sister, Fernando Silaban, Sulastri Silaban, Pesta Marni Silaban

dan Srikartika Silaban, thank you for giving such a motivation for me.

- Forall my friends, Rizky Devita Dewi Silaban, Florentina Sijabat, Henni Silitonga,

Rut Fransiska, Lestari Margarettha Siahaan, Novia Tinambunan, Rut Silviana

Surbakti, Maria Purba,GetaSaragie, Silvy Sembiring, Boni fanisia Karo Amd, Ira

Girsang, WidoroPardosi, RumadaSitorus, Rolly, Sari Girsang, Desi Sinaga, Rista

Sitohang S.pd, Putra Tarigan, Sari Mutiara Sianturi S.pd thank you for being such

nice friends and supporting me in life, keep on our friendship forever.

- To all my classmates in English Departement 2013 that can’t be mentioned one by

one, I would like to thank for their helps and supports for spending our great times

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA together in three years. I’m grateful to know them and my last gratitude is dedicated

to my senior and junior in SOLIDAS (Student of English Diploma Assocation).

Finally, i realize that this paper is far from being perfect. I have given my best to complete this paper. Therefore, suggestions are needed and will be accepted to improve this paper.

Medan, June 2016

The writer

Fitri Yanti Silaban

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS

AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ...... i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ...... ii ABSTRACT ...... iii ABSTRAK ...... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... vi

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ...... 1 1.2 Problems of the Study ...... 2 1.3 Objectives of the Study ...... 2 1.4 Scope of the Study ...... 2 1.5 Significances of the Study ...... 3 1.6 Method of the Study...... 3

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Novel ...... 4 2.1.1. Plot ...... 5 2.1.2. Exposition ...... 10 2.1.3. Rising Action ...... 11 2.1.4. Climax ...... 11 2.1.5. Falling Action ...... 12 2.1.6. Resolution ...... 12

3. THE STUDY AND FINDINGS 3.1 Exposition ...... 13 3.2 Rising Action ...... 15 3.3. Climax ...... 16 3.4. Falling Action ...... 17 3.5. Resolution ...... 19

4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 4.1 Conclusions ...... 21 4.2 Suggestions ...... 22

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

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UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of the Study

Literature is a kind of art it usually written to offer the pleasure and the illumination.

Literature refers to the compositions that tell us stories, dramatize situations, express emotions, and to analyze advocate ideas. Welles & Warren (1971:3) say, Literature is the mirror of human life that portrays human feeling, thought, imagination and perception which can be viewed based on personal judgment.” Literature constituted the imaginative act from the human’s imagination and the interpreting life-experiences.

Literature can be divided into three genres, such as prose fiction, poetry, and drama.

In the sense of literary, prose also called fiction, narrative text, or narrative discourse. Fiction is a narrative work that tells something that is imaginary, something that does not exist and happen in the real world. The a work of imaginary, fiction directs the various problems of humanity, life and living. Fiction tells the various problems of human life in the interaction with the environment and others. Fiction is the result of dialogue, contemplation, and reactions to the environment and the life of the author.

Among the genres of literature, novel is one of the prose fictions. Watson (1979:158) says “Novel is a fictional prose narrative of light, usually with a claim to describe the real.”

Novel is a picture of real life and manners of the time in which it was written. The novel has the intrinsic and extrinsic elements. The intrinsic elements are truly seen from the novel.

There are five main intrinsic elements, they are: theme, plot, character, setting, and point of view. . There are four main extrinsic elements, they are literature and biography, literature and psychology, literature society, literature and thought.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA In this paper the writer just explains one of five elements, it is focused on plot.

Roberts and Jacobs (1995:52) say “the Plot is based on the interactions of causes and effects

as they develop sequentially or chronologically.” In the novel Disclosure, Michael Crichton

showed the clear interaction of cause and effect. Tom Sanders, the Head of Advanced

Products Manufacturing at Digital Communication, expected to be promoted to run the

advanced products division after Digital Communication merger with a publishing House.

Instead, his ex-girlfriend, Meredith Johnson, who recently moved to Seattle from its

headquarters in Cupertino, California; was given the promotion too.

1.2 The Scope of Study

There are so many aspects in this novel that can be described, but the writer become

more interested in describing the plot in the novel. So, the scope of study is limited only

describing the plot is potrayed.

1.3 The Problem of Study

How are the plot that consists of exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and

resolution portrayed in the novel?

1.4 The Objective of Study

The purpose of writing in this paper is to explain how the plot consists of exposition,

rising action, climax, falling action and resolution are portrayed in the novel.

1.5 The Significance of Study

The significance of study is divided into two sections, they are:

a. Theoretical Significance

The study can be used to enrich the literary study especially in plot.

b. Practical Significance

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA The reader will understand about plot in the novel and the reader will know the story

in the Disclosure novel.

1.6 The Method of Study

The writer uses qualitative descriptive method in doing this paper. The primary of data source is Disclosure novel and the secondary of data sources are books and internet. The data are in the words, text and quotations form. The writer reads and notes the data then selects it to be interpreted. Having understood the story of the novel, the writer can analyze the plot of the novel and can make the conclusion.

Method of Study’s Chart

Source of Data - Novel “Michael Crichton” The Writer - Books

- Internet

Selected quotations are Conclusion interpreted and analyzed

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2. REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Novel

Novel is a length story which tells about life experience of human being. It can be made base on imagination. The imagination is not really life experience, it is impossible in real life. Nurgiyantoro (2005:11) says “Novel can freely express something, to present something more detail and more involving many complex problems. This includes various the story elements that build the novel.” It means that the life has many problems, and many people share their real life’s problem in the novel, so the readers can learn about many kinds of problems of life.

Novel is used to show and express an extraordinary event that is happened to someone. It means that the novel is a way for the writer to find out an extra ordinary happen the story. By reading the novel, it is hard to get the event if the story is not read many times.

Therefore, making the important quotations will help the writer to understand what happened.

Novel is one of many possible prose narrative forms. Richard in his book (1985:78) says that in the writing, there is a recognition that a novel is something specially made by an author so that a reader will respond to it in a particular way. The good candidate has recognized three things about a novel: the events of the novel, the author who has created them, and the reader for whom the novel is written.

Sumardjo (1998:29) says “Novel is a story with the prose form in long shape; this long shape means the story including the complex plot, many characters and various setting”.

A novel is totality, a comprehensiveness that is artistic. As a totality, the novel has passages elements, most related to one another in close and mutually dependent. The elements of a novel-builder that then collectively form a totality that-in addition on the formal elements of

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA language, there are many more kinds. The division of the element in question is the intrinsic and extrinsic elements.

2.2 Plot

Plot is basically sequences of events in logical and chronologically relations which are interrelated, caused or experienced by the characters. The plot outline is divided into three parts, namely, early, middle, and end. The first part contains the exposition that contains instability and conflicts. The middle part contains the climax which is the height of the conflict. The final section contains trouble shooting.

Kenny (1996:14) says, “Points out the plot as the events are displayed in a not simple story, because the author set the events was based on a causal connection.” It means plot contest sequence events but every connected by casual relationship, one event cause or caused to the other events.

Stanton (1965:14) says that the plot is a story that contains the sequence of events, but each incident was only connected in cause and effect, the events that caused one and also cause the occurrence of other events. Appearance of events for events that only based on the order of time is not necessarily a plot. To be a plot, the events must be processed and made creatively, so that the results of processing and making itself is something beautiful and interesting, particularly in relation to the relevant works of fiction as a whole.

Plot can be divided into several types. There are the progressive plot and regressive plot. In a progressive plot, the event arranged: early, middle, and end. A novel is called progressive if the events which are narrated chronologically, the first events followed by the events that happened later. On the basis of quantity, there are single plot and plural plots. Plot

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA is called single when the events contain only one primary event, while the plot is called plural when containing a variety of primary events and other events.

Stanton (2007:26-29) states that plot is a series of the events in a story. How a certain event affecting another event that cannot be ignored, since the event will be affecting for all story. Plot is very close to the existence of the character. If the story only has a little in character, there will be more close and simple to plot; in contrast a novel that has many characters in the story the plot will be more complicated. Plot also helps the reader in understanding the story of the novel. The clarity of the plot makes the reader easier in understanding the story. Usually a good or popular novel uses simple plot, so the strength of the novel also depends on the plot.

Plot also has its own rule. There should be clear, real, and logic, where the beginning, middle, and the end of the story. The existence of the plot itself depends on two essential events: conflict and climax, these events usually have a close in relation. Conflict is a dramatic thing which directs to the competition between to balance powers and shows action reaction. It is usually reflected or accompanied by the external and internal action. In addition to conflict inside the mind, literary works may focus on conflicts between individuals, between individual and a social force and between individual and a natural force. It is important to note that conflicts do not necessary just belong in one category. The conflict is often forces character to make a decision: to act or not to act, to compromise or to refuse. The point of this character make these choices are usually lead the story to the climactic moment, and the effect or implication of this choice usually represents the conclusion of the story.

The second event is climax; climax is the highest point of interest, the moment when the conflict is most instances. The time when the consequences of a character’s action become inevitable and the main points of the plot merge. In literary work plot is classified in

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA to three major parts: plot based on the criterion of times order, plot based on the criterion of number, plot based on the criterion of content.

Plot Based on The Criterion of Times Order

The criterion of times order means the time that related to the condition when the chronological order of event happens on the story. On the criterion of times order the plot is differentiate in to three parts: progressive plot, flashback plot, and mixed plot.

First, the progressive plot, is a plot in a story when the events are shown chronologically, the first event is followed by the next events. In other words the story starts from the earlier step (situation, introduction, and conflict) then the middle step (rising, conflict, and climax) and finally the last step (solution).

Second, flashback plot is the plot in a story when the time order of the event is regressive or not chronologically. It means that the story is not started from the earlier step but from the middle or from the last step and then back to the beginning before reach the final. This plot serves conflict directly. Third, the mixed plot is the mixture between progressive plot and flashback plot. Because mixed plots have two kinds of plot, so it is difficult to be done and almost none novel uses mixed plot.

Plot Based on The Criterion of Number

Besides the plot has a criterion of times order, plot also has a criterion of number. It refers to the number of plot. Perhaps a novel has only one plot, and it is called single plot, but in many cases novel can also have more than one plot as well and it is called sub-plot.

A fiction story which has a single plot contains about one character and usually develops a story only by telling about the main character that is called protagonist. The story commonly follows the type as the main character, and conflicts that he or she has got.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Usually this kind of plot used in biographic novel. Of course this plot also shows other characters in the story that involves conflicts too, but this character only appear to support the main characters.

The other plot is called sub plot, it develops a story by giving more than one plot and characters in it. Its structure contains a main plot, some additional plots (sub-plots) based on the order of importance and the role of characters in the story. Sub plot means the series of events that is relate and become a part of the main or the first plot but still have a distinctive feature itself. It is possible in a sub-plot has parallel with another sub-plot. This term is a kind of efforts to stick out of the show the significance of the story.

Plot Based on the Criterion of Content

Nurgiyantoro (1998:152-156) differentiates this plot in three majorities. They are plot of fortune, plot of character, and plot of thought. Plot of fortune characters connects to a story that tells about the luck and the fortune of the main character’s destiny in a novel. He divided this plot into six kinds, they are: (1) action Plot is a plot which is arranged in conflict and the resolution. (2) Platonic plot is a plot which is ended with sadness and makes the reader feel empathy. (3) Tragic plot is a plot which makes the reader feel affected because the main character who does not know about the problem that comes and had faced. (4) Punitive plot is the plot which ends with the failure of the main character that cannot attract the reader’s sympathy. (5) Sentimental plot is the plot which the main character gets the main victory after facing the problem. (6) Admiration plot is the opposite of tragic plot which makes the reader admire because the main character can overcome the problem at the end.

Plot of character refers to the important of the character which becomes the focus of attention. Plot of character is more attentive with the characters condition than the events that related to the plot. The plots characters are: (1) Maturing plot is the plot in which the main

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA character grows to be mature. (2) Reform plot is the plot in which the main character takes the responsibility of calamity. (3) Testing plot is the plot in which the main character leaves the failure and denies the dream.

Plot of thought tells something that will become a way for the readers to think about willingness, feelings, kinds of obsession and the other things that can be mentioned as the problems of human life generally. Plot of thoughts is differentiated in to four categories, they are: (1) education plot is the plot in which changes of spiritual of the main character does not influence the behavior. (2) Revelation plot is the plot in which the main character does not know the condition and then can find the privation secret. (3) Affective plot is the plot in which believes or attitude of the main character changes but the philosophy does not. (4)

Delusion plot is the plot in which makes the reader feel disappointed because the main character looses the dream and falls into despair valley.

The Diagram of Plot

Climax

Rising action Falling action

Exposition Resolution

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.2.1 Exposition

Exposition is a literary device used to introduce background information about events, settings, characters, to audience or readers. The word comes from the Latin language and its literal meaning is “a showing forth”. Exposition is crucial to any story, for without it nothing makes sense.

The purpose of exposition is to explain something and this may be done through several methods. A few of the methods include identifications, definitions, classifications, comparisons and analysis.

In the exposition, the readers are introduced to the characters by means of description.

It may reveal both the physical and personality traits of characters. It is the foundational block by which we will identify characters later in the story as either protagonist or antagonist, either flat or round, either static or dynamic. The setting is also revealed in the exposition. The setting will tells us both the time and place of the story. It may also reveal the mood of the story. Thus, the exposition is the first step to creating a dynamic and well written story.

Protagonist is the main characters in a story, novel, drama, or the other literary work, the characters that the readers or audiences empathize. An antagonist is a group of characters, institution, or concept that stands in or represents opposition against which the protagonists must contend.

2.2.2 Rising Action

Rising Action is the onset of major conflict the plot. The major participants are the pro antagonist and antagonist, together with whatever ideas and values, such as good or evil,

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA freedom or suppression, independents or dependence, love or hate, intelligence or stupid, knowledge-ignorance, and the like.

In a literature, the raising action comprises all the decisions, background circumstance and character flaws that combine to create twist and turns toward a climax. It is the part of plot where obstacles stand in the way of the protagonist achieving his goal. It means that the challenges faced by protagonist as began by being fairly easy to overcome, but us the story progresses, those challenges escalate become more dramatic.

The rising action of a plot is the series of events that build up and create tension and suspense. It can be identified as the ingredients that complicate matters in a plot. The tension is a result of the basic conflict that exists and makes the story interesting.

2.2.3 Climax

Climax is a consequence of the crisis. This may take the shape of a decision, an action, an affirmation or a denial, or an illumination or a realization. It is the point when the protagonist completes the growth of her character act, coming into her new stature. It is where everything has changes, the new way of being is created, the problem is solved, or the attempts to solve it finally fail.

The story climax is what all the rising action has been leading too. The incidents and events of the story are becoming more and more dramatic, with more and more reading on them. And finally, the high point of the story is reached.

Climax is the point at which the major dramatic question has been answered. It is

usually the most exciting part of the story, where the most dramatic action takes place.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2.2.4 Falling action

Falling action is what happened after the main problem of the story has been solved, simply and ended directly after the climax, at the height of the action. It deals with everything shifts then, everything shifts then, everything is different afterwards and the falling action, the audiences satisfaction.

2.2.5 Resolution

In literature resolution is simply the closing chapter or scene. It should be noted that the resolution is different from the climax. Consider how movie are structure. On the other hand, is the short scene after the climax where things get clarified and all the loose and are tied up.

Typically resolution can be used in all from of story telling. However, although resolutions are very common, not every single story will have one. This is especially true if a story and with all questions being answered. This is called an open ending and can possible lead to a Sequel.

The resolution occurs in the final chapter of the novel. It is a part of the story that wraps up all the loose ends. It is a chapter or a scene that occurs after the big climax. Most stories will have a denouement, but sometimes if there is an open ending, the stories will just concluding with the climax.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 3. THE ANALYSIS OF PLOT USED IN MICHAEL CHRICTHON’S NOVEL

DISCLOSURE

3.1 Exposition

Tom Sanders was a division manager at Digital Communications Technology in

Seattle. Events at work had been hectic for a week, because Digital Communication was being acquired by Conley-White, a publishing conglomerate in New York. The merger would allow Conley to acquire technology important to publishing in the next century. But that latest news from Malaysia was not good, and Arthur had been right to send it to him at home.

He was going to have a problem explaining it to the Conley-White people because they just didn’t.

His wife, Susan, was calling from the bedroom. He ducked his head out of the spray.

She yelling out to his husband to tell that she was taking a bath but his husband didn’t hear it.

He stepped out, reaching for a towel. His wife was an attorney who worked four days a week at a downtown firm.

Susan came into the room, still in her bathrobe. His wife always looked beautiful in the morning, right out of bed. She had the kind of fresh beauty that required no makeup. She asked about giving them feed. She kissed him lightly, and pushed a fresh mug of coffee onto the counter for him.”

Benedict was a lawyer with firm that handled a lot of high-tech companies.

Benedict said to Susan about the seven-fifty,Benedict shaking his head and madness at his house. There was a pause. Sanders sensed that he and Benedict had had similar morning. But the two men did not discuss in further.

Stephanie Kaplan was a Digital Communication’s chief financial officer. But it seemed unlikely she would even run the company. Silent and intense, Kaplan was competent, but disliked by many in the company.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Mohammad Jafar was the line foreman of the Malaysia plant, a very capable young man. Jafar is went and he is cursed. Jafar was cursed by his cousin, so he left. His cousin’s sister in johore hired a sorcerer to cast a spell on him, and he ran off to the Orang Asli witch doctors for a counter-spell. The aborigines run a hospital at Kuala Tingit, in the jungle about three hours outside Kuala Lumpur.

Mark Lewyn, the thirty-three-year-old head of product design, briefing some of the

Conley-White people. When Lewyn saw Sanders he waved, and came over to the door of the conference room and stuck his head out.

The Conley-White people were all staring at Sanders through the glass. He turned away and walked quickly toward his office, with a sense of deepening unease.

Philip Blackburn, the chief legal counsel for Digital Communication, was a slender man of forty-six wearing a dark green Hugo Boss suit. Blackburn was a brash, bearded young civil rights lawyer from Berkeley. Blackburn’s embrace of the latest fashions in clothing and correctness made PC Phil a figure of fun in some quarters of the company.

“Phil’s finger is chapped from wetting it and holding it to the wind.” He was the first with

Birkenstocks, the first with bell-bottoms, the first with sideburns off, and the first with diversity.

Blackburn could be charismatic in his speeches, and in private could convey a convincing impression of intellectual honesty for short periods. Typical was Blackburn’s demand that half the workers on the new line in KL should be women, and that they should be intermingled with the men; the Malay managers wanted the women segregated, allowed to work only on certain parts of the line, away from the men.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 3.2 Raising Action

A twenty past twelve,Sanders left his office on the fourth floor and headed toward the stairs to go down to the main conference room for lunch. He passed a nurse in a starched white uniform. She was looking in one office after another. A nurse asked about professor to him that the professor was here a minute go. Sanders a little bit confused who is the nurse looking for. The nurse replied and blowing a strand of hair out of her eyes.

Sanders took a seat farther down on the opposite side, and was suprised when

Stephanie Kaplan slid into the chair to his right. Kaplan usually sat much closer to Garvin;

Sanders was distinctly further down the pecking order. To Sander’s left was Bill Everts, the head of Human Resources- a nice,slightly dull guy. As white-coated waiters served the meal,Sanders talked about fishing on Orcas Island, which was Everts’s passion. As usual,

Kaplan was quiet during most of the lunch, seeming to withdraw into herself.

Kaplan looked at him oddly for a moment,as if he had dissapointed her. Then she nodded that it is always that way with mergers.Her tone was more open, less confidential.

She was at CompuSoft when it merged with Symantec, and it was exactly the same: last minute announcements,switches in the organization charts”

As the meeting broke up, Mark Lewyn drifted over to him. Sanders was suprised to see how anxious Lewyn was. There was only one thing that bothered Lewyn, he was still frowning and still uneasy. Lewyn explained that in his design group he got the designers on it a month in advance, then run it through for timing, then say a week for revisions, then another week while they transfer to a drive. They pawn it off on some assistant, who tries to make it for them. Then the executive looks at it,wants it all done over again. And it takes more time. Cindy went to the door, then paused. Cautiously, she askeed about how was the

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA lunch meeting. Meredith was introduced as the new head of all the tech divisions. She gave a presentation. She says she’s going to keep all the divisions heads in place,all reporting to her.

Lewyn pointed to the tables because there’s a metal rod inside the hinge. These clips maintain contact with the rod as the case is opend; that’s how you maintain power to the screen.

Power is intermittent. It looks like the rods are too small. They’re supposed to be fifty-four millimeters. These seem to be fifty-two, fift-three millimeters.

Meredith placed her hand on his arm.

She always liked your directness. I want you to know how much I appreciate your expertise and your frank approach to problems. All the more reason why I’m sure the Twinkle drive will get ironed out. We know that fundamentally it’s a good product that performs as we say it does. Personally, I have complete confidence in it,and in your ability to make it work as planned. And I have no problem saying that at the meeting tomorrow.

3.3 Climax

The assistant came to the door to the office. She paused briefly to twist the lock in the doorknob,then left,closing the door behind her.Sanders frowned. She had locked the door on her way out. It wasn’t so much the fact that she had done it,but the fact that he seemed to be in the middle of an arrangement,a planned event in which everyone else understood what was going on and he did not.

Meredith said coming up suddenly,very close to him,pushing his hand down,and pressing her body against his. Her lips mashed against his mouth. He was vaguely aware of dropping the phone on the windowsill as they kissed and she twisted,turning away,and they tumbled over onto the couch.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Feeling her mouth on him,feeling his back arch as the tension ran through his body.,he had the uneasy sense of pleasure and danger at once. So much had happened during the day,so many changes,everything was so sudden. He felt dominated,controlled,and at risk.

He had the feeling as he lay on his back that he was somehow agreeing to a situation that he did not understand fully,that was not fully recognized.

There would be trouble later. He did not want to go to Malaysia with her. He did not want an affair with his boss. He did not even want a one-night stand. Because what always happened was that people found out,gossip at the water cooler,meaningful looks in the hallway. And sooner or later the spouses found out. It always happened. Slammed doors,divorce lawyers,child custody. And he did not want any of that. His life was arranged now,he had things in place. He had commitments. This woman from his past understood none of that. She was free. He was not. He shifted his body.She reached up,and pressed her fingers over his lips.

3.4 Falling action

Walking back to the conference room, the Conley-White executives were in a giddy mood;they talked rapidly,laughing about the experience. The DigiCom people walked quietly beside them, not wanting to distrupt the good mood. It was at that point that Mark Lewyn fell into step alongside Sanders and whispered.

Lewyn shook his head and said there wasn’t any message when he got home

He never got a message and then he came in this morning and he lowered his voice.

What a mess. He had to go into the meeting on Twinkle with no idea what the approach was going to be.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Lewyn would have been in deepest shit. In fact, He-we’ll do this letter,seeing Johnson drop back to talk to Sanders. Lewyn stepped away..He thought the meeting was for eight-thirty.

They’re trying to catch a plane to Austin for the afternoon. So we moved everything up because he did not get the message.

Johnson shook her head,as if dismissing the whole thing. Back in the conference room the mood was light,they were still joking as they look their seats. Ed nichols began to the meeting by turning to Sanders. Sanders looked at the faces around the table,turne expectantly toward him. He glanced at Jhonson, but she had opened her briefcase and was rummaging through her papers,taking out several bulging manila envelopes. Nichols set back in his seat and crossed his arms over his chest. He looked extremely dissatisfied.

After Sanders left,Blackburn called Garvin and talked with him.Sanders walked slowly back down the hill toward Pioneer Square. The rain had stopped,but the afternoon was still damp and gray. The wet pavement beneath his feet slopped sleeply downward.

Around him the tops of the skyscrapers dissapeared into the low-hanging,chilly mist. Fifteen minutes later,Blackburn met with Garvin in the fifth-floor executive conference room. Also present at the meeting were Stephanie Kaplan and Bill Everts,the head of Human Resources at Digicom. Blackburn begin he meeting.

3.5 Resolution

Sanders stood in Pioneer Park and leaned against a pillar, staring at the light drizzle.

He was replaying the meeting with Blackburn.

Blackburn hadn’t even been willing to listen to Sanders’s version.He hadn’t let Sanders tell him. Blackburn already knew what had happened.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA She’s a very sexy woman. It’s natural for a man to lose control.That was what everyone at DigiCom would think. Every single person in the company would have that view of what had happened. Blackburn had said he found it difficult to believe that Sanders had been harrased by a woman.They were asking him to leave. Seatlle,leave the APG. No options,no big payoff. No return for his twelve long years of work. All that was gone.Austin.

Baking hot,dry,brand-new Susan would never accept it. Her practice in Seattle was successful;she had spent many years building it. They had just finished remodelling the house. The kids liked it here. If Sanders even suggested a move, Susan would be suspicious.

She’d want to know what was behind it. And sooner or later,she would find out. If he accepted the transfer,he would be confirming his guilt to his wife.

No matter how he thought about it,how he tried to put it together in his mind,Sanders could see no good outcome. He was being screwed.

I’m your friend,Tom. Whether you know it right now or not.

He recalled the moment at his wedding when Blackburn,his best man,said he wanted to dip

Susan’s ring in olive oil because there was always a problem about getting it on the finger.

Blackburn in a panic,in case some little moment in the ceremony went wrong. That was Phil: always worried about appereances.

But Phil was screwing him. Phil,and Garvin behind him. They were both screwing him. Sanders had worked hard for the company for many years,but now they didn’t give a damn about him. They were taking Meredith’s side,without any question. They didn’t even want to hear his version of what had happened.

At Sanders stood in the rain,his sense of shock slowly faded. And with it,his sense of loyalty. He started to get angry. He took out his phone and placed a call.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

4.1 Conclusion

The plot used in the novel of Michael Crichton’s Disclosure is progressive plot.

Progressive plot means that the content of plot chronologically narrated. It simply contains the beginning, middle and ending.

Exposition of the story is when Tom Sanders was a division manager at Digital communications Technology in Seattle. Events at work had been hectic for a week, because

Digital Communication was being acquired by Conley-White, a publishing conglomerate in

New York. The merger would allow Conley to acquire that technology is important to publishing in the next century.

Rising action of the story is when a twenty past twelve, Sanders left his office on the fourth floor and headed toward the stairs to go down to the main conference room for lunch. He passed a nurse in a starched white uniform. She was looking in one office after another.

Climax of the story is where assistant came to the door to the office. She paused briefly to twist the lock in the doorknob,then left closing the door behind her.Sanders frowned that she had locked the door on her way out. It wasn’t so much the fact that she had done it but the fact that he seemed to be in the middle of an arrangement,a planned event in which everyone else understood what was going on and he did not.

Falling action of the story is when walking back to the Conference Room, the

Conley-White executives were in a giddy mood they talked rapidly,laughing about the experience. The DigiCom people walked quietly beside them, without wanting intruption the good mood. It was at that point that Mark Lewyn fell into step alongside Sanders and whispered. “Hey,why didn’t you call me last night?”

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Resolution of the story is when Sanders stood in Pioneer Park and leaned against a pillar, staring at the light drizzle. He was replaying the meeting with Blackburn. Blackburn hadn’t even been willing to listen to Sanders’s version.He hadn’t let Sanders tell him.

Blackburn already knew what had happened.

4.2 Suggestion

Plot is the soul of a literary work, so it is important to look at the plot first when analyzing literary work. Analyzing the plot can help the readers to understand the entire story of the novel. Plot refers to the conflicts, so the readers can read a literary work if it is fundamentally related to the plot.

This novel tells about misunderstanding of life meaning. Reading the novel is meant to understand what life is. Thus, readers are asked to deal with this novel for further research.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA REFERENCES

Aziez, Furrqonul and Abdul Hasim. 2010. Menganalisis Fiksi. Bogor : Gahlia Indonesia press. Fananie, Zainuddin. 2000. Telaah Sastra. Surakarta : Muhammadiyah University. Hamidi. 2010. Metode Penelitian dan Teori Komunikasi. Malang: UMM Press. Kenny. 1996.Journey to the centre of the earth. London : Wordsworth Edition Limited. Nurgiyantoro. 1998. Literature an introduction to Reading andWriting. New Jersey: Pretince Hall. Roberts, Edgar V. and Henry E. Jacobs. 1995. Literature an introduction to Reading and Writing. New Jersey: Pretince Hall. Sembiring, Matius C.A.2014. Buku Pedoman Program D-3 Studi Bahasa Inggris. Medan : Universitas Sumatera Utara. Suryabrata. 1984. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Angkasa. Stanton. 1965. Literature an introduction to Reading andWriting. New Jersey: Pretince Hall. Stanton. 2007. Literature an introduction to Reading andWriting. New Jersey: Pretince Hall. Tanjung, B.N. and Ardial. 2010. Pedoman Penulisan Karya Ilmiah. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group. Watson, George. 1979. The Story of the Novel. London: The Mac Millan Press.

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA APPENDICES

A. Biography of Michael Crichton

John Michael Crichton was born on October 23, 1942.He was an American best- selling author, physician, producer, director and screenwriter, best known for his work in the science fiction, medical fiction and thriller genres. His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide, and many have been adapted into films. In 1994, Crichton became the only creative artist ever to have works simultaneously charting at No. 1 in US television

(ER), film (Jurassic Park), and book sales (Disclosure). His literary works are usually within the action genre and heavily feature technology. His novels epitomize the techno-thriller genre of literature, often exploring technology and failures of human interaction with it, especially resulting in catastrophes with biotechnology. Many of his future history novels have medical or scientific underpinnings, reflecting his medical training and science background. He authored, among other works, The Andromeda Strain (1969), Congo (1980),

Sphere (1987), Travels (1988), Jurassic Park (1990), Rising Sun (1992), Disclosure (1994),

The Lost World (1995), Airframe (1996), Timeline (1999), Prey (2002), State of Fear (2004),

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Next (2006; the final book published before his death), Pirate Latitudes (2009), and a final unfinished techno-thriller, Micro, which was published in November 2011.

B. Summary of the Novel

Tom Sanders is a brilliant manager for the Digital Communication’s Corporation, a computer company in Seattle, Washington. Happily married with two young children, Tom had big hopes for a promotion to the top brass by his boss, Bob Garvin. Instead, it goes to

Meredith Johnson, Tom's seductive ex-girlfriend. Somehow Tom takes it with a grain of salt, until a personal meeting turns unto a night seduction when Meredith decides to relive her sexual fantasy and pick up from where they left off. Tom refuses and shoves her away, making Meredith completely frustrated. Tom only choice is to sue Meredith for sexual harassment. But then everyone in the company believes it was the other way around and his boss wants to transfer him to an another division, forcing him to lose everything Tom has ever gained. As the story unfolds, Tom discovers that not only is the system rigged against him, but Meredith is going to destroy his career, and bolster her own by blaming him for a serious error of judgment on her part. It becomes evident that the sexual harassment has been a delaying tactic used by Meredith to prevent Tom's discovery of the true problem.

Tom's discovery would result in considerable embarrassment to Meredith, and would serve to cast him as 'hero'. Thus Meredith will stop at nothing to deflect and recast the blame. He has only four days to prove his innocence, save his marriage, and his job.

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