Marian Anderson Papers Ms
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Marian Anderson papers Ms. Coll. 200 Finding aid prepared by Margaret Kruesi. Last updated on January 12, 2021. University of Pennsylvania, Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts 1998 Marian Anderson papers Table of Contents Summary Information....................................................................................................................................3 Biography/History..........................................................................................................................................4 Scope and Contents..................................................................................................................................... 13 Administrative Information......................................................................................................................... 18 Controlled Access Headings........................................................................................................................19 Other Finding Aids......................................................................................................................................20 Collection Inventory.................................................................................................................................... 21 Correspondence......................................................................................................................................21 Marian Anderson speeches, writings, scripts, interviews, and biographical materials......................... 41 Marian Anderson journals, notebooks, calendars, date books, expense books, and notes....................57 Personal, legal, financial, and family materials.................................................................................... 59 Programs and publicity..........................................................................................................................65 Marian Anderson Scholarship Fund records.........................................................................................92 Marian Anderson honorary degrees...................................................................................................... 96 Marian Anderson awards.....................................................................................................................100 Memorabilia......................................................................................................................................... 122 Marian Anderson charitable activities and service with organizations and foundations, boards of directors, trusteeships, commissions....................................................................................................133 Oversize................................................................................................................................................135 Separation list...................................................................................................................................... 142 - Page 2 - Marian Anderson papers Summary Information Repository University of Pennsylvania: Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts Creator Anderson, Marian, 1897-1993 Title Marian Anderson papers Call number Ms. Coll. 200 Date circa 1900-1993 Extent 450 boxes Language English Language Note Materials primarily in English, with some correspondence in Danish, German, Finnish, French, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Spanish and Swedish. Abstract The Marian Anderson Papers are comprised of correspondence; business records and contracts; manuscript and typescript biographical materials; notes, journals, calendars, and financial documents; programs and publicity materials; awards and honorary degrees; clippings; scrapbooks; memorabilia; and some materials belonging to her sisters Alyse Anderson and Ethel De Preist, her mother Anna D. Anderson, and her husband, Orpheus H. Fisher. As a result of a Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) project, " Discovering Marian Anderson," selections of material from this and other Marian Anderson collections may be viewed online. - Page 3 - Marian Anderson papers Cite as: Marian Anderson papers, Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts, University of Pennsylvania Biography/History The legacy of extraordinary contralto Marian Anderson is not limited to her musical genius. She performed a repertoire that included over 200 songs and arias in German, Italian, English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Swedish, Finnish, and other languages. A review of her concert in Los Angeles on 16 June 1931 suggests something of the power of her stage presence: "Even as she sings--rich, full- throated, glorious notes--you have the feeling that she is listening to voices from another world. She is vital and powerfully magnetic, yet there is an absorbed, almost-mystic look in her half-closed eyes and slow, measured motions" ( Los Angeles Record, 17 June 1931). As a singer and as a symbol of progress in the advancement of civil rights in the twentieth century, Marian Anderson was perceived as larger- than-life, yet her approach to her life and career was practical and modest, with a deep understanding that nothing is accomplished without the assistance of others. Her career spanned the years from the early 1920s through the 1970s, although she formally retired from singing in 1965. Anderson's audiences in the United States would return year after year to her concerts. She was equally well received around the world, from her triumphs in the cities of Europe and South America at the height of her career in the 1930s to her tours of Asia for the United States Department of State in the 1950s. A strong believer in education as a key to racial and social equality and having a deep commitment to the well-being of children, she spent her retirement on the boards of dozens of non-profit organizations devoted to these causes. Childhood and Education On 27 February 1897 Marian Anderson was born at her parents' home at 1833 Webster Street in South Philadelphia. (Anderson's date of birth is from her birth certificate. On her passports and driver's license she gave her birth date as 27 February 1903.) Her father, John Berkeley Anderson--tall, good-looking, and popular--was remembered by neighbors as a fine singer. Her mother, Anna Delilah Rucker Anderson-- small in stature, modest, and with a strong faith in God--had been a school teacher in her home town of Lynchburg, Virginia. Marian was born in a neighborhood that was the heart of African-American intellectual and social life in Philadelphia, and she grew up knowing many prominent families and individuals there, including Raymond Pace Alexander, J. C. Asbury, Dr. Henry Minton, Evelyn and Hobson Reynolds, Arthur Huff Fauset, Crystal Bird Fauset, and Bishop L. J. Coppin. Predominantly, it was a poor but vibrant neighborhood, home to Irish, Italian, and Jewish immigrants as well as African - Page 4 - Marian Anderson papers Americans moving from the rural southeastern states for job opportunities in the city. Marian played and went to school with children from varied backgrounds. Marian Anderson was her parents' first child and was soon followed by her sister Alyse, born on 30 December 1899, and then Ethel, born on 14 January 1902. (On her certificate of graduation from elementary school Alyse's name is Alice Maud, her mother called her Maud. She used the name Alyse Anderson on her programs as a singer and actress and in her correspondence for the Marian Anderson Scholarship Fund.) Both of Marian Anderson's sisters were singers, who received some training in voice and performed locally. Marian remembers her childhood as happy, filled with music at church, singing with her family at home, and the love of her mother, who by all accounts was an extraordinary woman. About five years after her mother's death on 10 January 1964, Marian Anderson jotted down some notes about her: "She was the second of the 4 children born to Robert & Ellen Rucker and she was christened Annie Delilah. It was possibly 20+ years later when I first knew this (shy) human being who was my whole world" (Notebook, ca. 1969). Anderson's father, a teamster who worked at the Reading Terminal Market, died when Marian was about twelve years old as a result of injuries suffered in an accident. Anna D. Anderson's strength and loving care of her family became even more central to her daughters' lives. The family lived with grandmother Anderson, and an aunt, Mary Pritchard, at various addresses in the same neighborhood. Marian's mother took in laundry and worked as a housekeeper at the John Wanamaker department store to support her daughters, and from an early age Marian, as the oldest child, felt responsibility to contribute to the family's income with money she was able to earn performing. Marian grew up with her sisters, cousins, and other children who were cared for in the home and remembered those years warmly. Marian Anderson had been a member of the junior choir at Union Baptist Church since the age of six. This was her father's family church, where he was an officer and her aunt Mary Pritchard sang. From an early age Marian performed in church and soon was chosen to take part in special concerts. At one of these she met tenor Roland Hayes, visiting from Boston, whom she admired greatly and who gave her early encouragement. South Philadelphia was full of music, including opera, classical, choral, and church music,