International Forum on Water Governance in Asia March 14-15, 2007, Bangkok, Thailand

The Sanitation Facilities Improvement Background Based on Social and Cultural Consideration In Kelurahan Batununggal, City, Social and Cultural Consideration

Cooperation Mechanism Winia Farida, Lufiandi, Dr. Setiawan Wangsaatmaja Conclusion

WEST ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY BACKGROUND

The increasing number of population in big cities in Indonesia especially in Bandung City that mostly caused by urbanization has brought a demand to provide many kinds of facilities for their Background citizen which already influence the increasing land use demand

The increasing of facilities demand Social and Cultural is not supported by land provision Consideration and it causes a further land conversion

Cooperation Mechanism

Conclusion The total population number in Bandung City in 2005 is 2.514.128 people The total area of Bandung is amount 16.729 Ha BACKGROUND

Cikapundung River with the length is 28 Background km which 15,50 km of the river passes accross Bandung city, partially (10,57 km) passes densely-populated Social and Cultural settlement area which occupied by Consideration 1.058 buildings and 71.875 people.

Cooperation Mechanism

Conclusion Total area in Kelurahan Batununggal is 183.105 Ha Settled by 12.109 people SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSIDERATION

The growth of slum settlements area is triggered by poverty which caused by urbanization

Background The number of population in Bandung City is 986.880 people in 1959 and becomes 1.028.245 people in 1960.

Social and Cultural Nowadays, the increasing number of population is increased about 4,8% per Consideration year and mostly caused by urbanization

Cooperation Most people who do urbanization are Mechanism not educated and do not have any skills to work.

Conclusion Because of the low income, they cannot afford to have and rent a house and to fulfill their basically needs like a shelter, they establish buildings in occupancy locations such as alongside of Cikapundung River SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSIDERATION

The characteristic of social and cultural from community who live in slum settlements area: Background The social norms which tend easier to break

Social and Cultural Poverty culture that represented from skeptic Consideration and aphetic behavior

Cooperation Mechanism Created a unique and different social cohesion than other community

Conclusion SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSIDERATION

The disparity between the population number and environmental carrying capacities and also social Background and cultural characteristic from the local community in Cikapundung Area has brought many kinds of problems such as: Social and Cultural Consideration a) Many kind of existing buildings made a difficulty to arrange the area in alongside river Cooperation Mechanism b) The behavior from local community especially in disposing their wastewater and solid waste directly into the river Conclusion c) Mostly with the building density and land limited made a difficult to build a septic tank in every house SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CONSIDERATION

The lack of environmental awareness that represented of social and cultural behavior from their community which dispose their wastewater and solid waste directly into Cikapundung River. Background

Domestic Wastewater Flow Rate Estimation The high amount of In Cikapundung Area wastewater has 25000 Social and Cultural caused high water Consideration 20000 pollution in Wastewater Wastewater Flow Rate Flow 15000 Cikapundung River (L/det)

Cooperation such as bad odor, 10000 Mechanism diseases like cholera, diarrhea, etc, 5000

sewerage clogging 0 and flooding Lebak Babakan Burangrang Ancol Conclusion Siliwangi Ciamis Kelurahan

The total number of domestic wastewater which is disposed to Cikapundung River is about 2.496.802,30 litres/day Cooperation Mechanism

Regarding to the social and culture condition from local community which still has lack of environmental awareness Background and limitation to improve their quality of life, Environmental Protection Agency together with the local community has a cooperation to improve water quality in Social and Cultural Cikapundung River by using Tangki AG Consideration

VentilationVentilation Cooperation TangkiTangki AG AG Cover Cover Mechanism

PipePipe from from HouseholdsHouseholds

TangkiTangki AG AG Wall Wall Conclusion CementedCemented WallWall

WastewaterWastewater Filter Filter

PipePipe to to Pond Pond Cooperation Mechanism

Background

Social and Cultural Consideration

Cooperation Mechanism

Conclusion

Picture of Tangki AG Cooperation Mechanism

Based on social and culture characteristic in slum settlements area which has an unique and different social cohesion Background The cooperation mechanism done by West Java Environmental Protection Agency is implemented by Social and Cultural involving participation from local community as a way to Consideration build an environmental awareness from planning, organizing and controlling until actuating process: Cooperation Mechanism a) Holding public meeting which involving local community and Conclusion organization (community organization) to discuss a development process Cooperation Mechanism

Background b) Holding communal work to build tank and Social and Cultural ponds Consideration

Cooperation Mechanism

c) Installing the central Conclusion pipe to wastewater treatment plant (Tangki AG) Cooperation Mechanism

Tangki AG development process has already given a significant contribution to improve water quality and Background surrounding environment in Cikapundung River. The existing condition can be viewed from the decreasing of BOD and COD Social and Cultural Consideration COD 500 BOD

Cooperation 400 SS Mechanism mg/L 300

200

Conclusion 100

0

Influent Effluentt

Tangki AG Effluent Quality Conclusion

Background The conversion of land use as a consequence from disparity between facility demand and land provision.

Social and Cultural One of the manifestation of that problems is the growth of Consideration slum settlements area in alongside of Cikapundung River.

Cooperation West Java Environmental Protection Agency together with Mechanism local community build a Community-Based Sewerage System with Tangki AG.

Conclusion The unique and different social cohesion of local community becomes a main consideration in Tangki AG process development. Background

Social and Cultural Consideration THANK YOU

Cooperation Mechanism

Conclusion

WEST JAVA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY IMPLEMENTATION OF TANGKI AG IN CIMAHI

Background

Social and Cultural Consideration

Cooperation Mechanism

Conclusion

WEST JAVA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY THE MECHANISM OF TANGKI AG

Background

Social and Cultural Consideration

Cooperation Mechanism

Conclusion

WEST JAVA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY