Philadelphia: HERMAN NEWMAN, 1010 ARCH STREET

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Philadelphia: HERMAN NEWMAN, 1010 ARCH STREET VoL VI. No. 3. Price per number 2/- (50 cents.); for the year, payable in advance, 5/- ($1.25). THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY. SEVENTH MONTH (July), 1909. London: HEADLEY BROTHERS, 14, BISHOPSGATE WITHOUT, E.G. Philadelphia: HERMAN NEWMAN, 1010 ARCH STREET. New York: DAVID S. TABER, 144 EAST 20th STREET THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY. VOLUME J, J 903-1904. CONTAINS : The Handwriting of George Fox. Illustrated. Our Recording Clerks : (i.) Ellis Hookes. (2.) Richard Richardson. The Case of William Gibson, 1723. Illustrated. The Quaker Family of Owen. Cotemporary Account of Illness and Death of George Fox. The Wilkinson and Story Controversy in Reading. Early Records of Friends in the South of Scotland. Edmund Peckover's Travels in North America. County Tipperary Friends' Records. VOLUME 2, J905. CONTAINS : Deborah Logan and her Contributions to History, Joseph Williams's Recollections of the Irish Rebellion Old Style and New Style. William Penn's Introduction of Thomas Ellwood. Meetings in Yorkshire, 1668. Letters in Cypher from Francis Howgill to George Fox. The Settlement of London Yearly Meeting. oseph Rule, the Quaker in White. Edmund Peckover, Ex-Soldier and Quaker. Illustrated. 11 William Miller at the King's Gardens." Springett Penn to James Logan, 1724. VOLUME 3, 1906. CONTAINS : Words of Sympathy for New England Sufferers. David Lloyd. Illustrated. King's Briefs, the Forerunners of Mutual Insurance Societies. Memoirs of the Life of Barbara Hoyland. 44 Esquire Marsh." Irish Quaker Records. VOL. VI. No. 3. Seventh Month (July), 1909 THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY. PAGE Decease of the President - - - - - - 97 Notes and Queries : Meeting House Court The Father of Benjamin West The Family of Benjamin West, P.R.A. " Repentance beyond the Grave " Bingley, Yorks., and the Quaker Family of Lister Early Needlework Norman Penney, F.S.A. 4< Annals of the Pemberton Family " - - - - 98 Obituary - - - - - - - -102 Extracts from Presidential Address at Annual Meeting. "By Joseph J. Green - - - - - - -103 A Rare Tract on Persecution in Scotland - - - - 108 Incidents at the Time of the American Revolution, connected with some Members of the Society of Friends. By George Vaux - 109 A Short Account of John Reckless and his Family, II. Illustrated. By Emily Manners - - - - - - 115 Sheriff Court Decrees against Barclays of Ury. By II7. A. Mac- naughton, M.D., D.P.H. - - - - - - 122 Early Quaker Finance, III. - - - - - 127 " The Orders Touching Qvakers," 1661 .... 128 The Somerby Estate, Leicestershire, III. By (the late) Mary Radley and Henrietta Ellis - - - - 129 The Journal of Esther Palmer, III. With Notes by Gilbert Cope 133 Meeting Records - - - - - - - J 39 George Fox's Knowledge of Hebrew. By Mary G. Swift - - 140 Vagrancy. - - - - - - -146 The Quakers in Greystoke Parish, Cumberland. By (Rev.) /. Hay Colligan - - - - - - -147 Friends in Current Literature. By Norman Penney, F.S.A., Isaac Sharp, B.A., and Edward Wathins - - - 153 Officers for the year 1909-10 - - - - - 159 Balance Sheet for the Year 1908 - - - 160 D.=The Reference Library of London Yearly Meeting, Devonshire House, 12, Bishopsgate Without, London, E.G. F.P.T.="The First Publishers of Truth," published by the Friends' Historical Society. of tfy We regret to announce that a few days after his election, our new President, Frederick Goodall Cash, died at the residence of his son-in-law at Middlesbrough, Yorks, aged eighty. A brief obituary and some Notes from his pen appear on later pages. Vol. vi.—59. (Hofe0 Queriee* MEETING HOUSE COURT (vi. 4, of the Bible, who was Rector of 54). Referring to the above, I St. Magnus, a church hardly a should have said,* till a few davsj stone's throw away on the eastern ago, that there was no such locality side of the bridge. On the " near London Bridge," unless west side of this little-known Lane the Old Jewry were called so, is the tiny Court in question. It (which it manifestly isn't). A has just space enough for three Meeting House Court existed there tiny shops or stores. The houses, till a few years since, as I can old and rather tumbledown, were testify. probably one structure formerly, However, the one about which and are thought locally to have the Editor seeks information, and escaped the Great Fire, which, which I have now traced, is in, or however, raged furiously close by. rather just out of Miles Lane, It is also said locally to have been Arthur Street West. If my a " Quakers' Meeting House." A readers know Crooked Lane1 tenant of the Lane, to whom I which is one of the straightest in spoke, said he had been there fifty London they will know that it years, and the place was the same leads from King William Street fifty years since as now. It was and Cannon Street into Arthur probably " the Quakers' Meeting Street. Immediately opposite, House.'' The corner house, he through an archway, is a flight of added, leading to the Court, as I steps which take the wayfarer into understood him, was at one time Miles Lane. In passing, I may occupied by a Quaker hatter named remark that this Lane in all proba­ Noble. I went up the little, old, bility took its name from Miles dark staircase of one of the stores, Coverdale, 2 the eminent translator almost sheds, as far as the second storey, and found it and its outlook 1 The name probably arose desolate though, long before the Great Fire, when withal, interest­ this lane used to curve round and ing a veritable " bit of old over what is now the approach to London." the present London Bridge, into Subsequent search at the British Fish Street Hill, where Edward Museum through several London the Black Prince had a mansion, Directories of the eighteenth cen­ close to the spot where the Monu­ ment now stands. Fish Street tury, beginning with 1738, an Hill was for centuries the chief insignificant volume of less than approach to Old London Bridge. 100 pages, revealed no proof nor disproof of the above theory. 2 Mention has been made of Miles Coverdale. It is a remark­ removed to the crypt of St. able fact that his remains were Magnus, London Bridge, where interred three times, once in a he had also filled the pulpit. Moorfields church, where he had Finally, when these vaults were been Rector, and when that build­ cleared a few years since, his coffin ing was demolished many years was again removed with all the ago to make room in a growing others, and deposited in a suburban neighbourhood, his body was cemetery. 98 NOTES AND QUERIES. 99 Many lists of " Quakers' Meeting tion with Meeting House Court. Houses" appear from time to It appears certain that in early time, but there is no mention of days Friends met for Divine this one unless the frequent men­ Worship in this little cribbed and tion of " Michael's Lane " gives confined place. FREDERICK G. the clue. St. Michael's Church, CASH. destroyed by the Fire, was close to Crooked Lane, and " Michael's THE FATHER OF BENJAMIN Lane " may have existed as part of WEST. In Woodfall's Public or side by side with the former. Advertiser, i/th October, 1776, On the evening of the very day we read : on which I wrote the above, I "On the 5thof this Month died most unexpectedly came upon a at Warborough in Oxfordshire, complete confirmation of my Mr. John West, Father of Mr. theory that Michael's Lane was West, the Historical Painter. He the same as, or was in the im­ was born at Long Crandon in mediate neighbourhood of Miles Buckinghamshire in 1690, and in Lane. This therefore also confirms 1715 he went to Pennsylvania in my belief that the above-named America, where he had three Court contained a meeting-house brothers settled, who went there of the Society of Friends. For with William Penn. He married, Michael's Lane is given year after and raised a family of ten children year in the old Directories in the in that Province ; and in 1764 he lists of " Quakers' Meetings." returned to England to visit his Three quarters of a century native Land, and see his youngest ago St. Michael's Church (which Son (the Painter), who at that Time was settled in London. had replaced an earlier one des­ troyed by the Great Fire) was He was one of the People called demolished to make room for the Quakers, a Man of a pious, humane approach to " new" London Mind, impressed with a due Bridge, which was opened by Sense of Religion without Bigotry William IV. and Queen Adelaide or Superstition. He was just, in 1831. These alterations charitable and upright in all his " necessitated the removal of Dealings with Men, beloved and all the houses," I read, " in the respected by them when living, parish east of St. Michael's (or, and at his Death lamented by all Miles' Lane) " etc. " Various who had the Happiness of his little courts and passages branched Acquaintance." out of these two lanes " (Michael's and Crooked) and " these have THE FAMILY OF BENJAMIN WEST, all disappeared except two or THE ARTIST, P.R.A. Benjamin three on the west side of Miles' West's father, John West, born Lane." 10 mo. 28, 1690, at Long Crandon, I need not quote more. Much of Bucks (Upperside Mo. Mtg.), was additional interest I could have a son of Thomas and Rachel given about this locality in the (Gilpin) West and a grandson of earlier remarks, but such has no Thomas Gilpin (my ancestor), the reference to our Society's connec­ Cromwellian soldier and Quaker IOO NOTES AND QUERIES.
Recommended publications
  • The Original Lists of Persons of Quality, Emigrants, Religious Exiles, Political
    Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924096785278 In compliance with current copyright law, Cornell University Library produced this replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1992 to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. 2003 H^^r-h- CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE : ; rigmal ^ist0 OF PERSONS OF QUALITY; EMIGRANTS ; RELIGIOUS EXILES ; POLITICAL REBELS SERVING MEN SOLD FOR A TERM OF YEARS ; APPRENTICES CHILDREN STOLEN; MAIDENS PRESSED; AND OTHERS WHO WENT FROM GREAT BRITAIN TO THE AMERICAN PLANTATIONS 1600- I 700. WITH THEIR AGES, THE LOCALITIES WHERE THEY FORMERLY LIVED IN THE MOTHER COUNTRY, THE NAMES OF THE SHIPS IN WHICH THEY EMBARKED, AND OTHER INTERESTING PARTICULARS. FROM MSS. PRESERVED IN THE STATE PAPER DEPARTMENT OF HER MAJESTY'S PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, ENGLAND. EDITED BY JOHN CAMDEN HOTTEN. L n D n CHATTO AND WINDUS, PUBLISHERS. 1874, THE ORIGINAL LISTS. 1o ihi ^zmhcxs of the GENEALOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SOCIETIES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THIS COLLECTION OF THE NAMES OF THE EMIGRANT ANCESTORS OF MANY THOUSANDS OF AMERICAN FAMILIES, IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED PY THE EDITOR, JOHN CAMDEN HOTTEN. CONTENTS. Register of the Names of all the Passengers from London during One Whole Year, ending Christmas, 1635 33, HS 1 the Ship Bonavatture via CONTENTS. In the Ship Defence.. E. Bostocke, Master 89, 91, 98, 99, 100, loi, 105, lo6 Blessing .
    [Show full text]
  • Question 1 Microscopy Is the Technical Field of Using Microscopes to View Objects and Areas of Objects That Cannot Be Seen with Seen with the Naked Eye
    Question 1 Microscopy is the technical field of using microscopes to view objects and areas of objects that cannot be seen with seen with the naked eye. Microscopy dates back to the 17th- century. In the first century A.D Seneca described actual magnification by a globe of water. The first modern application of optics occurred in Florence around 1280 A.D with the use of glasses as an aid to vision. The early history of the microscope and its inventors is shrouded in much confusion. Credit for the first compound microscope is given to Hans Jansen or his son Zacharias around 1595. The description of Jansen’s microscope was preserved until the early 1600’s. The instrument consisted of three sliding tubes measuring 18 inches in length when fully extended and two inches in diameter. The microscope was said to have a magnification of 3 x when closed and 9 x when fully extended. In the 18th century many mechanical improvements were made in the microscope but images had colourful haloes and were blurry. As the lenses multiplied, so did the distortions. The best simple microscopes attain about two micron resolutions but the best compound resolutions only had five micron resolution. The colour haloes are due to chromatic aberration. This is when light is transmitted through a substance and it will be bent different amounts depending upon its wavelength. This means that a lens will have a different focus for different colours of light. The solution to this problem came not from microscopes but telescopes in the 1730’s.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the Friends 5 Historical Society
    ^^m ^^^^^^^m^ The Journal of the Friends 5 Historical Society VOLUME 52 NUMBER 3 1970 FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY FRIENDS HOUSE • EUSTON ROAD • LONDON N.W.i also obtainable at Friends Book Store : 302 Arch Street, Philadelphia 6, Pa., U.S.A. Yearly 50? ($1.75) I Contents •AGE Editorial 157 -^m More First Publishers of Truth. Henry J. Cadbury . 159 Tracing the Influence of Sebastian Franck. Henry J. Cadbury 168 William Riley Barker's Milton and Friends. Andrew W. •• 170 The Circulating Yearly Meeting for the Northern Counties, 1699-1798. David M. Butler 192 The Christian Appeal of 1855: Friends' Public Response to the Crimean War. Stephen I : rick 203 Quakers in Early Twentieth-Century Scotland, will', n H. Marwick 211 The Quaker Collection, University of Lancaster Library. John S. Andrews 219 Research in Progress 220 Historical Research 221 Reports on Archives 222 Notes and Queries 225 Friends' Historical Society President: 1969—William H. Marwick 1970—Edwin B. Bronner 1971—Stephen C. Morland Chairman: Elfrida Vipont Foulds Secretary: Edward H. Milligan Joint Alfred W. Braithwaite and Editors: Russell S. Mortimer The Membership Subscription is 50p ($1.75) per annum (£10 Life Membership). Subscriptions should be paid to the Secretary, c/o The Library, Friends House, Euston Road, London N.W.i. Vol. 52 No. 3 1 97° THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY Publishing Office: Friends House, Euston Road, London N.W. i. Communications should be addressed to the Editors at Friends House Editorial DWIN BRONNER'S Presidential Address to the Society, delivered at Exeter on Saturday, August 15, E1970, under the title: "The Other Branch: relationships between London Yearly Meeting and the Hicksites in the I9th century", is published separately.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical News
    1378 Hospital; Adolf Lucas Jacob Vischer, M.D. B&acirc;le, B&agrave;le University and St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; Lawrence Cecil Walker, B.A. Cantab., Cambridge University and St. Mary’s Hospital; Ronald News. Ogier Ward, B.A. Uxon., Oxford University and St. Bartholomew’s Medical Hospital; John Glegg Watson, London Hospital; Percy Whitehead, St. George’s Hospital; Frederic St. Barbe Wickham, St. Mary’s Hospital; and Harold Addison Woodruff, M.R.C.V.S., University EXAMINING BOARD IN ENGLAND BY THE ROYAL College Hospital. * COLLEGES OF PHYSICIANS OF LONDON AND SURGEONS OF M.R.C.S. Diploma granted on April llth. ENGLAND.&mdash;At the quarterly meetings of the above ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND.- Colleges held on April 25th and May 9th respectively, the At the First Professional Examination in Anatomy and Licence of the Royal College of Physicians and the Diploma Physiology for the Diploma of Fellow of the above College, of Member of the of were conferred Royal College Surgeons held on May 2nd, 3rd, 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th, 118 on 96 gentlemen who have completed their examinations and candidates presented themselves for examination, of whom have with the The are the complied by-laws. following 31 passed and 87 were rejected. The following are the names of the successful candidates :- names of the successful candidates :- Edward Smith Abraham, Bristol University and University College Harold George Alexander, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Middlesex Hospital; Hospital; Rupert Blake Adams. St. Mary’s and Middlesex Hospitals ; Lancelot Bromley, M.B., B.C., B.A.
    [Show full text]
  • 48 5127 A.S.E.N. 53 5137 Abbott, Marie Louisa 21 October 10 1907
    48 5127 A.S.E.N. 53 5137 Abbott, Marie Louisa 21 October 10 1907 53 5137 Abbott, Thomas 11 January 1 1885 48 0060 Adams, Thomas Maxwell 8 October 10 1806 47 5134 Addiscott, Mary Ann 6 March 3 1894 47 5134 Addiscott, Mary Ann 6 March 3 1894 47 4137 Ady, Emilia Mary 18 January 1 1890 52 2135 Alderoft, Thomas 9 December 12 1868 49 9135 Allan, Mary Agnes 6 June 6 1908 49 9135 Allan, Robert Halliday 12 October 10 1886 54 9119 Allen, Adrian Veitch 24 August 8 1905 54 9119 Allen, Frederick Quiten 2 October 10 1902 48 2092 Allen, John 3 April 4 1872 48 2092 Allen, Margaret 28 February 2 1871 54 9119 Allen, Sarah Alice 11 October 10 1920 47 9139 Amand, Louisa Ann 16 March 3 1902 51 5082 Anderson, Harriet 22 January 1 1877 51 5082 Anderson, John 21 May 5 1885 47 5135 Andrews, John Frederick 26 October 10 1887 53 8081 Annisley, Elizabeth Frances 7 November 11 1834 48 9125 Anshee, Hannah 5 August 8 1866 47 8147 Anthony, Amelia 20 December 12 1899 45 9136 Armytage, William 11 January 1 1872 51 5110 Ash, Benjamin 12 May 5 1850 53 3130 Ash, Charlotte 3 September 9 1886 51 5110 Ash, Edward 18 August 8 1851 53 3130 Ash, George 15 December 12 1870 51 5111 Ash, James 17 January 1 1870 51 5110 Ash, Mary 8 July 7 1866 51 5111 Ash, Mary 24 August 8 1878 49 8120 Ashby, Arthur 25 October 10 1882 49 8120 Ashby, Sarah 17 December 12 1862 47 5122 Ashwood, Eliza 7 August 8 1912 46 6121 Ashwood, Jane 9 March 3 1900 47 5122 Ashwood, Louisa 22 January 1 1903 46 6121 Ashwood, Mary 9 May 5 1900 51 0141 Austin, John 16 November 11 1876 54 6084 Austin, Joshua 6 April 4 1878 54 6084 Austin, Martha 10 June 6 1891 54 6084 Austin, Meshach 29 November 11 1858 54 6085 Austin,Shadrach 8 December 12 1854 53 3134 Avery, Maria G.
    [Show full text]
  • To Take Into Consideration the Propriety Of
    his was the subject for discussion amongst the seventeen microscopists who met at Edwin Quekett’s house No 50 Wellclose Square, in the Borough of Stepney, East London on 3rd September 1839. It was resolved that such a society be formed Tand a provisional committee be appointed to carry this resolution into effect. The appointed provisional committee of seven were to be responsible for the formation of our society, they held meetings at their homes and drew up a set of rules. They adopted the name ‘Microscopical Society of London’ and arranged a public meeting on the 20th December 1839 at the rooms of the Horticultural Society, 21 Regent Street. Where a Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward © National Portrait Gallery, London President, Treasurer and Secretary were elected, the provisional committee also selected the size of almost airtight containers. Together with George 3 x 1 inch as a standard for glass slides. Loddiges, he saw the potential benefit of protection from sea air damage allowing the transport of plants Each of the members of the provisional committee between continents. This Ward published in 1834 had their own background which we have briefly and eventually his cases enabled the introduction described on the following pages, as you will see of the tea plant to Assam from China and rubber they are a diverse range of professionals. plants to Malaysia from South America. His glass plant cases allowed the growth of orchids and ferns in the Victorian home and in 1842 he wrote a book on the subject. However glass was subject to a tax making cases expensive so Ward lobbied successfully for its repeal in 1845.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Puritanism in the Southern and Island Colonies
    Early Puritanism in the Southern and Island Colonies BY BABETTE M. LEVY Preface NE of the pleasant by-products of doing research O work is the realization of how generously help has been given when it was needed. The author owes much to many people who proved their interest in this attempt to see America's past a little more clearly. The Institute of Early American History and Culture gave two grants that enabled me to devote a sabbatical leave and a summer to direct searching of colony and church records. Librarians and archivists have been cooperative beyond the call of regular duty. Not a few scholars have read the study in whole or part to give me the benefit of their knowledge and judgment. I must mention among them Professor Josephine W, Bennett of the Hunter College English Department; Miss Madge McLain, formerly of the Hunter College Classics Department; the late Dr. William W. Rockwell, Librarian Emeritus of Union Theological Seminary, whose vast scholarship and his willingness to share it will remain with all who knew him as long as they have memories; Professor Matthew Spinka of the Hartford Theological Sem- inary; and my mother, who did not allow illness to keep her from listening attentively and critically as I read to her chapter after chapter. All students who are interested 7O AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY in problems concerning the early churches along the Atlantic seaboard and the occupants of their pulpits are indebted to the labors of Dr. Frederick Lewis Weis and his invaluable compendiums on the clergymen and parishes of the various colonies.
    [Show full text]
  • Lord Lister Ranks with That of Pasteur by Val- Coagulation
    Book Revi ews Lord Lis te r . By Sir Rickman John Godlee, Bt., his graduation Lister went to Edinburgh for k .c .v .o ., m.s ., f .r .c .s . Ed. 3, revised and reset what was intended to be a short visit to the throughout. Oxford, at the Clarendon Press, clinics of that medical center. There he met Oxford University Press, Humphrey Milford, James Syme, then at the height of his brilliant 1924. career. The acquaintance ripened quickly into The biography of the founder of antiseptic the closest friendship. Lister stayed on to work surgery, by his nephew, Sir Rickman Godlee, with Syme, and in 1855 settled down to prac- has won the great success which was predicted tice in Edinburgh, and began his lectures on for it on its first publication in 1917. The present surgery there. In 1856 he married Syme’s is the third edition and presents but few addi- daughter and was elected assistant surgeon to tions or changes from those which have pre- the Edinburgh Infirmary. While actively engaged ceded it, a statement which should be regarded in clinical surgical work he still found time to as a tribute to the skill, fullness and accuracy work with his microscope and published some with which the work was originally written. papers showing the results of his investigations In English medical literature this biography of into the phenomena of inflammation and blood Lord Lister ranks with that of Pasteur by Val- coagulation. In i860 Lister received the appoint- lery Radot in French, and it is interesting that ment of regius professor of surgery in the two great men whose labors were so closely University of Glasgow, a great honor for so associated in their ultimate results should have young a man.
    [Show full text]
  • TURNING HEARTS to BREAK OFF the YOKE of OPPRESSION': the TRAVELS and SUFFERINGS of CHRISTOPHER MEIDEL C
    Quaker Studies Volume 12 | Issue 1 Article 5 2008 'Turning Hearts to Break Off the okY e of Oppression': The rT avels and Sufferings of Christopher Meidel, c. 1659-c. 1715 Richard Allen University of Wales Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/quakerstudies Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, and the History of Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Allen, Richard (2008) "'Turning Hearts to Break Off the oY ke of Oppression': The rT avels and Sufferings of Christopher Meidel, c. 1659-c. 1715," Quaker Studies: Vol. 12: Iss. 1, Article 5. Available at: http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/quakerstudies/vol12/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ George Fox University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Quaker Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ George Fox University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. QUAKER STUDIES 1211 (2007) (54-72] ISSN 1363-013X 'TURNING HEARTS TO BREAK OFF THE YOKE OF OPPRESSION': THE TRAVELS AND SUFFERINGS OF CHRISTOPHER MEIDEL c. 1659-c. 1715* Richard Allen University of Wales ABSTRACT This study of Christopher Meidel, a Norwegian Quaker writer imprisoned both in England and on the Continent for his beliefs and actions, explores the life of a convert to Quakerism and his missionary zeal in the early eighteenth century. From Meidel's quite tempestuous career we receive insights into the issues Friends faced in Augustan England in adapting to life in a country whose inter-church relations were largely governed by the 1689 Toleration Act, and its insistence that recipients of toleration were to respect the rights of other religionists.
    [Show full text]
  • Creation and the Germ Theory.Indd
    Answers in Depth, Vol. 4, (2009), pp. 82–91. https://assets.answersingenesis.org/doc/articles/aid/v4/creation-germ-theory.pdf Creation and the Germ Theory Alan L. Gillen, Ph.D. J. Douglas Oliver, Ph.D. Keywords creation, germs, germ theory, Bible, worldview, disease, infection, Christians, creationists, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Joseph Baron Lister, Louis Pasteur, fermentations, antiseptics, antiseptic surgery, Robert Koch, Koch’s postulates, tuberculosis, contagion, Lister Limb microscope, early light microscopes The news media writes frequently that germs cause disease. Infectious diseases such as swine fl u, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, MRSA, multi-drug resistant tuberculosis, and AIDS have captured the national headlines in recent months. With each passing year, these headlines reveal that some new disease outbreak or plague threatens thousands of lives. For example, in 2009 the news fl ash “Swine Flu Threatens the Globe” was broadcast across the nation, alarming many people. The emergence of a new strain of fl u (H1N1) was said to place millions at risk. Today, we take for granted that germs cause disease, and many people fear them. Yet for centuries, the concept of germs was virtually unknown. Leprosy, plagues, and pestilence were diseases of mystery through most of history. The cause of infectious (or contagious diseases) was not known. Many speculated that mysterious miasmas caused sickness or that mysterious elements were spontaneously generated. Miasma was thought to be a poisonous gas- or vapor-fi lled particle of decaying miasmata (matter) that caused various sickness and disease. Today, the term germ is well known and refers to disease-causing microbes, that is, pathogens.
    [Show full text]
  • Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
    THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY The First "Purchasers of Pennsylvania 1681-1700 ENNSYLVANIA, like West New Jersey, was a Quaker under- taking and had the wholehearted support of the Quaker leaders. PWithout the backing of this sect as a whole, William Penn would have been only another on a long list of proprietor-adventurers in the New World. As it turned out, when he launched his campaign for purchasers and settlers in the early summer of 1681, he found a response to his idea of a "Holy Experiment" that has no parallel in the story of American colonization. The vigor of the reception given Penn's scheme is to be attributed to the concern of the Quakers with existing conditions in Great Britain and Ireland.1 It is true that the persecutions of nonconform- ists under Charles II did not compare in intensity and harshness with those of earlier periods, that the persecutions were nowhere as vindictive or cruel or as near the extermination point as some thought, and that they were intermittent in the sense that all penal legislation was never enforced everywhere at one time nor anywhere continuously through the reign. And yet, as thinking Quakers re- flected upon the course of the persecution since 1660, as they wit- 1 William C. Braithwaite, The Second Period of Quakerism (London, 1921), discusses fully the nature and extent of the persecutions, 1660-1688. See especially pages 21-211. 137 I38 JOHN E. POMFRET April nessed its quick renewal in 1678 upon the acceptance of the flimsy evidence produced by the Titus Oates Plot, and as they observed the fierce antagonism of the extreme Whigs toward the Crown and the deep suspicion of the machinations of Charles II, they were con- vinced that England, though "sound, solvent, and sober-minded/' was certainly for them no land of promise either for the present or for future generations.2 The Friends were a small sect, but they were peculiarly vulnerable because they refused to meet in secret or to compromise on any principle that would substitute man-made law for the law of God.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Is in the Blood
    Scholars Crossing Faculty Publications and Presentations Department of Biology and Chemistry 8-2-2019 Life Is in the Blood Alan L. Gillen Liberty University, [email protected] Jason Conrad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/bio_chem_fac_pubs Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Gillen, Alan L. and Conrad, Jason, "Life Is in the Blood" (2019). Faculty Publications and Presentations. 148. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/bio_chem_fac_pubs/148 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology and Chemistry at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Life Is in the Blood by Dr. Alan L. Gillen and Jason Conrad on August 2, 2019 Keywords: Blood, Circulation, Leeuwenhoek, red blood cells, white blood cells, capillary, life is in the blood, erythrocyte, leukocyte, rouleaux Abstract It takes about 60 seconds for all the blood in your body to complete its journey. It travels from your heart to your extremities and returns, there and back again. Blood moves with the rapid current of the great arterial rivers and through the smallest capillary creeks. William Harvey first noticed circulation (1628) through the heart into arteries and veins; however, he could not see how they connected since he did not have a microscope. The man who first described this was Anton van Leeuwenhoek about 46 years later (1674). Then, J. J. Lister and Thomas Hodgkin described the rouleaux formation or stacking of RBCs through a capillary bed.
    [Show full text]