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Home , Buddhist architecture, Dharmapala (emperor), Mahavihara, Nalanda, Stupa, Vihara

Foreword v Preface vii Acknowledgements xv The Tradition xxiii A Dialogue with Buddha xxvii Bridging the Past, Present and Future xxix List of Illustrations xxxi Contributors xxxv

PART I HISTORY 1. Historical Background (Excerpts from ASI Guidebook on Nalanda) — A. Ghosh

PART II ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY 2. Excavations of Site No. 3 at Nalanda and Early Chronological Evidence 13 — B.R. Mani 3. The Mystery Goddesses of Nalanda: Visualisations and Empowerment 23 — C. Mani 4. The at : A Parallel to Nalanda 27 — Enamul Haque 5. A Portable Stupa in Style 38 — Amarendra Nath 6. Influence of Nalanda Bronzes on the Bronzes of , Orissa, 42 and — G.C. Chauley xviii I THE HERITAGE OF NALANDA

7. Fusion of Nalanda School of Art in Indonesian 45 — G.K. 8. Nalanda Metal Icons Speak what Nalanda Was 48 — S.K. Pathak 9. Mandate Elements in Tantric in , , and 52 — Adelheid Herrmann-Pfandt 10. The Nalanda Stone Inscription of Yasovarmadeva 68 — Naina Pandey 11. The Nalanda Copper-Plate of Devapaladeva 71 — Archana Sharma 12. Management of Nalanda Mahavihara from Epigraphical Material 74 — Arpita Chatterjee 13. Nalanda from the Chinese and Tibetan Sources 78 — Anandamayee Ghosh

PART III EARLY MEDIEVAL SCHOLASTICISM: LOGIC, PHILOSOPHY AND ESOTERISM 14. The Doctrine of Apoha with Reference to 85 — Lobzang Tsezvang 15. Nalanda as a Centre of Esoteric 93 — Kimiaki Tanaka 16. Santaraksita and Modern Philosophy 96 — Marie-Louise Friquegnon 17. Contribution of Acarya of Nalanda 103 — Bimalendra Kumar 18. Nalanda and Santaraksita: His Madhyamakalankara Sastra in Tibetan Version 106 — Manotosh Mandal 19. Nagardzhuna and Partition of Madhyamika Technology 111 — Damba Ayasheev 20. Nalanda and the Mulasarvastivadins: Yi'jing's Accounts with Further 114 Consideration — Wang Bangwei 21. Quotations from in the Works of Thinkers of Nalanda 118 — Linnart Mall 22. Nalanda: Stronghold of Ancient Scholarly Debates 120 CONTENTS 1 xix

23. Debate between Acarya Candrakurti and Candragomi over Vijnanavada and 128 Madhyamika Philosophy — Tashi Paljor 24. The Doctrine of the Pramanabhuta-Buddha 131 — Nawang Tsering 25. of the Budddha: Body, Essence, Text 136 — Michael Willis 26. Yogic Tradition of and Its Uninterrupted Continuity in Tibet, 143 and Himachal Pradesh — Ramesh Chandra Tewari

PART IV LITERATURE 27. The Chinese Buddhacarita 155 — Charles Willemen 28. Beginnings of the Apabhramsa Poetry: The Contribution of Nalanda 158 — Chandra Dhar Tripathi

PART V MONASTIC EDUCATION: IDEALS OF NALANDA MAHAVIHARA 29. The in Buddhist Tradition and Nalanda 167 — K. Sankarnarayan 30. The Influence of Master Silabhadra on Master 's Thought 173 — Hsiu-O Chien and S-C Shiu 31. Nalanda: Its Significance 183 — B.B. Kumar 32. Master Xuanzang Brings the Buddha's Wisdom to Tang 187 — Rev. 33. The Educational System of Nalanda from Chinese Records 189 — S-C Shiu and H-O Chien 34. Genjo-sanzo E: The Biographical Story of Hsiian-chuang in 199 — Yayoi Tachibana 35. The Ideal Educational System of Ancient Nalanda Mahavihara 202 — Angraj Chaudhary 36. Nalanda as an International Centre of Learning 206 — /. Sitaramamma 37. Xuanzang Legacy as Inspiration to Higher Education 212 — Cheng, Wei-Yi xx I THE HERITAGE OF NALANDA

38. Nalanda as a Centre of World Learning 217 — Dev Kaushik PART VI NALANDA EXPERIENCE 39. The Spirit of Nalanda 223 — Ven. Dhammadipa 40. Revitalizing the Spirit of Nalanda 231 — Ven. Fa Qing and Ven. Wei Wu 41. Recovering the Nalanda Legacy 235 — Joseph Loizzo 42. : Its Influences on the Development of Buddhist Learning 246 ( in Taiwan and the Fo Guang Shan Buddhist Order) — Ven. Bhiksuni Chuehmen 43. in Brazil: A Nalanda-Inspired Experience 267 — Ricardo Sasaki 44. Buddhist Interrelationship between and India 272 — Lee Ki Woon 45. Buddhism in Asia 277 — Sulak Sivaraksa

Bibliography 283 Index 291