DOCSLIB.ORG

The Dairy Industry in Israel 2004

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Dairy Industry in Israel 2004 THE DAIRY INDUSTRY IN ISRAEL 2004 Israel Cattle Breeders Association Israel Dairy Board The Dairy Industry in Israel 2004 Editors: Daniel Hojman – Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture Yossi Malul – ICBA Design and Production: Moshe Mirsky [972-4-6486737] Aknowledgments: Rachel Borushek – Israel Farmers’ Federation Ephraim Ezra – ICBA, Israeli Herdbook Israel Flamenbaum – Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture Shmuel Fridmann – National Service for Udder Health and Milk Quality Ralph Ginsberg – National Service for Udder Health and Milk Quality Boaz Hanochi – ICBA Ofer Kroll – Hachklait Veterinary Services Liron Tamir – Israeli Dairy Board Rafi Weis – Ministry of Agriculture Joel I. Weller – Department of Genetics, Institute of Animal Sciences, A.R.O. Yoel Zeron – Sion A.I. company Doron Zilcer – Tnuva Dairy Industry Sponsorships: Sion A.I. company “HaChaklait”, Mutual Society for Clinical Veterinary Services S.C.R. Engineers Ltd. Ambar Feed Mills Lachish Industries Ltd. S.A.E. Afikim Contents Part 1 The Israeli Dairy Industry Map of the Dairy Industry in Israel 4 The Israeli Dairy Industry 5 Israel’s Agriculture 6 Part 2 Milk Production in Israel The Israeli Dairy Board – Liron Tamir 7 The Israeli Dairy Processing Industry – Doron Zilcer 8 No. of dairy farms and annual milk quota 9 National Service for Udder Health & Milk Quality – Shmuel Fridmann 12 Cow milk – Annual supply and quota 11 Milk quality 12 Milk quality through years 14 Sheep & Goat milk – Annual production 16 Marketed milk, by dairy products 17 Feeding Dairy Cows in Israel – Ofer Kroll 18 Summer-to-Winter Production Ratio – Israel Flamenbaum, Ephraim Ezra 20 Part 3 The Israeli Herdbook The Israel Cattle Breeders Association – Yossi Malul 24 The ICBA Database – Ephraim Ezra 25 Production summary for 2004 Production averages by calving year 28 Production averages, by parity number 29 20 Cooperative herds with highest production 30 20 Family herds with highest production 31 20 Cows with highest production 32 20 Cows with highest lifetime production 33 NOA – The Israeli Dairy Herd Management Program – Boaz Hanochi 34 Genetic Improvement The Israeli Selection Index – Ephraim Ezra / Joel I. Weller 36 The Israeli Breeding Program – Yoel Zeron 37 Genetic Trends – average Breeding Value of cows 39 Genetic Trends – average Breeding Value of bulls 41 Bulls that performed largest number of inseminations 42 Sufon – an outstanding Israeli Bull 43 Fertility Statistics Average Conception Rate at 1st service, by years 44 Fertility summary for Heifers 45 Fertility summary for 1st lactation cows 46 Fertility and Production 47 Fertility summary for adult cows 48 Hahaklait Veterinary Services 50 ➤ Map of the Dairy Industry in Israel Golan Heights Main Dairy Plants and Galilee ISRAEL Dairy Farms Haifa Dairy Plants Sea of Galilee Dairy Farms Yizra’el valley Jordan valley Coastal plain Mediterranean sea Tel Aviv Judean hills Jerusalem Dead sea Negev Arava The Israeli Dairy Industry Eilat Red sea 4 Part 1 Part The Dairy Industry in Israel he Dairy Industry is one of the main sectors of information from the official Milk Production Control TIsraeli agriculture, and supplies the entire domestic System, which includes 90% of the dairy cattle in demand for milk and dairy products. Israel has a total the country. In addition to production figures, the annual output of approx. 1,146,000 tons of cow’s milk; Israeli Herdbook incorporates information from the 10,500 tons of sheep’s milk; and 5,400 tons of goat’s Breeding System and from the “HaChaklait” Society milk. for Veterinary Services. The comprehensive structure Dairy Enterprises process the raw milk into more of the Israeli Herdbook provides the farmer with than 1,000 different dairy products, with an annual useful multi-disciplinary information that is used for value of approx. $1.5 billion. up-dated management analyses and decision-making Milk is produced on over 1,000 farms, spread processes, which have led to outstanding world-scale countrywide (in the heights, the valleys and the desert) achievements. Indeed, the Israeli cow has the highest on kibbutzim (cooperative societies) and moshavim national milk yield (production/cow/year) in the world (private farms). in milk volume and also in milk solids. In 2004, the The national dairy herd is comprised of 111,000 average annual milk yield per cow was 10,668 kg of head of the Israeli-Holstein breed, which has been milk, 331 kg of protein and 381 kg of fat. developed by the Israeli Genetic Improvement System. Since this cow has been selected for generations in We are pleased to present you with this summary of the harsh conditions of the Israeli climate, it is very the Israeli Dairy Industry for 2004 and hope that this well adapted to the local climatic environment, brochure will help acquaint you with this progressive characterized by a long and hot summer, and to local and successful branch of Israeli agriculture. diseases. Nearly all the cows are bred by A.I. The Israeli Herdbook (DHI), receives and processes Sincerely, Shayke Drori Meir Brawn Israel Dairy Board Israel Cattle Breeders Association General Manager General Manager 5 PART 1 The Israeli Dairy Industry ➤ Population 6.80 million inhab. Table 1.1 GDP per capita 17,270 US$ Israel and its agricultural sector GDP of Agricultural Sector 1.62 US$ billions Share of Agriculture in National GDP 1.4 % Share of Agriculture in the Business Sector GDP 2.0 % Direct Employment in Agriculture, as share of National Labor Force 2.5 % Self-sufficiency of Agricultural Products 80.0 % ➤ Crops 10,618 60 % Table 1.2 Livestock and livestock products 7,008 40 % Marketing value of agricultural TOTAL 17,626 100 % products. Value Raw milk (% of Total) 1,918 11 % as received by productor (NIS Israel’s agricultural sector is desert. Despite the decrease in the millions) characterized by an intensive number of farmers and agriculture’s 1 $US= NIS 4.482 production system, which stems from share in the GDP, agriculture plays a the need to overcome the scarcity of significant role as a major food supplier natural resources, particularly water. to the local market and is an important The agricultural sector’s high level factor in Israeli export. Total agricultural of development is due to the close produce in 2004 accounted for 1.4% of cooperation and interaction between the GDP. scientists, extension advisers, farmers, Some 70,000 people were directly and agriculture-related industries. employed in agriculture in 2004. Those four elements have joined This number represents 2.5% of the together to promote advanced country’s total labor force. technologies in all agricultural branches. The average monthly income per The result is modern agriculture in a agricultural employee was $2,100 in country, half of which is defined as 2004. 6 PART 1 The Israeli Dairy Industry The Israel Dairy Board Production & Marketing Liron Tamir I.D.B., Senior Economist he Israeli Dairy Board (I.D.B.) is International cooperation Tan organization, which is jointly owned and managed by representatives The I.D.B. is involved in and associated of the dairy farmers, dairy processing with all entities active in dairy companies, and the Government of production and dairy processing Israel. industry in Israel. Therefore, it can The objectives of the I.D.B., as provide excellent access to expertise, statutorily defined, are: technologies and other inputs relevant to dairy and to their developments • To generate and organize worldwide. cooperation between all the entities The I.D.B. initiates and encourages active in the sector. commercial relations between the dairy • To implement the government policy farming and dairy industry sector in regarding planning of milk production Israel and abroad. and marketing. In this framework the I.D.B. is involved • To manage the emergency stock of in the following activities: milk powder in Israel. • The development of complete and • To deal with and dispose of surplus comprehensive dairy-farming packages milk. which include: animal feed, crop • To improve the professional production, animal husbandry and milk standards of the dairy industry, to production, know-how and training promote research studies and training programmes , supply of genetic material programmes, to assist in breeding and other inputs, etc. programmes for dairy cows, sheep • The supply of know-how for and goats, to provide assistance in processing milk and dairy products. maintaining animal health standards, • The development of commercial to initiate extension services and other relations and the marketing of Israeli activities related to the quality of milk dairy products abroad. and milk-contents, and in general to • Collaboration in the development improve the overall performance of of organisations at national and dairy-farming and the dairy industry. regional levels which manage the dairy • To promote the consumption of milk industry, including the establishment and dairy products. of a national dairy board, herd-book Milk Production in Israel • To develop international registers and milk quality control, cooperation. national dairy-extension services, etc. 7 Part 2 Part The Israeli Dairy Processing Industry Doron Zilcer Tnuva Dairy Industry, Supply Chain Manager he Israeli Milk Industry was founded in 1926, by the In addition, 54 small dairies in Israel collectively Ttime “Tnuva” was launched as a cooperative with produce 40 million liters of milk annually. the purpose of handling milk production. Ever since Over the last 5 years, the Israeli milk industry has then, “Tnuva”’ has been the largest and the leading passed comprehensive reforms that include: producer of milk in the country. It has provided stability Specialization and renovation of most dairy plants. to the dairy sector and promoted its growth, to the Construction of the “Alon Tavor” plant, a modern milk point that in 2004 a total of 1,140,000,000 liters of milk processing facility that is the most advanced in the were delivered.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid Over Palestine
    Metula Majdal Shams Abil al-Qamh ! Neve Ativ Misgav Am Yuval Nimrod ! Al-Sanbariyya Kfar Gil'adi ZZ Ma'ayan Baruch ! MM Ein Qiniyye ! Dan Sanir Israeli Settler-Colonialism and Apartheid over Palestine Al-Sanbariyya DD Al-Manshiyya ! Dafna ! Mas'ada ! Al-Khisas Khan Al-Duwayr ¥ Huneen Al-Zuq Al-tahtani ! ! ! HaGoshrim Al Mansoura Margaliot Kiryat !Shmona al-Madahel G GLazGzaGza!G G G ! Al Khalsa Buq'ata Ethnic Cleansing and Population Transfer (1948 – present) G GBeGit GHil!GlelG Gal-'A!bisiyya Menara G G G G G G G Odem Qaytiyya Kfar Szold In order to establish exclusive Jewish-Israeli control, Israel has carried out a policy of population transfer. By fostering Jewish G G G!G SG dGe NG ehemia G AGl-NGa'iGmaG G G immigration and settlements, and forcibly displacing indigenous Palestinians, Israel has changed the demographic composition of the ¥ G G G G G G G !Al-Dawwara El-Rom G G G G G GAmG ir country. Today, 70% of Palestinians are refugees and internally displaced persons and approximately one half of the people are in exile G G GKfGar GB!lGumG G G G G G G SGalihiya abroad. None of them are allowed to return. L e b a n o n Shamir U N D ii s e n g a g e m e n tt O b s e rr v a tt ii o n F o rr c e s Al Buwayziyya! NeoG t MG oGrdGecGhaGi G ! G G G!G G G G Al-Hamra G GAl-GZawG iyGa G G ! Khiyam Al Walid Forcible transfer of Palestinians continues until today, mainly in the Southern District (Beersheba Region), the historical, coastal G G G G GAl-GMuGftskhara ! G G G G G G G Lehavot HaBashan Palestinian towns ("mixed towns") and in the occupied West Bank, in particular in the Israeli-prolaimed “greater Jerusalem”, the Jordan G G G G G G G Merom Golan Yiftah G G G G G G G Valley and the southern Hebron District.
    [Show full text]
  • BR IFIC N° 2779 Index/Indice
    BR IFIC N° 2779 Index/Indice International Frequency Information Circular (Terrestrial Services) ITU - Radiocommunication Bureau Circular Internacional de Información sobre Frecuencias (Servicios Terrenales) UIT - Oficina de Radiocomunicaciones Circulaire Internationale d'Information sur les Fréquences (Services de Terre) UIT - Bureau des Radiocommunications Part 1 / Partie 1 / Parte 1 Date/Fecha 30.09.2014 Description of Columns Description des colonnes Descripción de columnas No. Sequential number Numéro séquenciel Número sequencial BR Id. BR identification number Numéro d'identification du BR Número de identificación de la BR Adm Notifying Administration Administration notificatrice Administración notificante 1A [MHz] Assigned frequency [MHz] Fréquence assignée [MHz] Frecuencia asignada [MHz] Name of the location of Nom de l'emplacement de Nombre del emplazamiento de 4A/5A transmitting / receiving station la station d'émission / réception estación transmisora / receptora 4B/5B Geographical area Zone géographique Zona geográfica 4C/5C Geographical coordinates Coordonnées géographiques Coordenadas geográficas 6A Class of station Classe de station Clase de estación Purpose of the notification: Objet de la notification: Propósito de la notificación: Intent ADD-addition MOD-modify ADD-ajouter MOD-modifier ADD-añadir MOD-modificar SUP-suppress W/D-withdraw SUP-supprimer W/D-retirer SUP-suprimir W/D-retirar No. BR Id Adm 1A [MHz] 4A/5A 4B/5B 4C/5C 6A Part Intent 1 114095204 AUS 3.1665 MANGALORE AUS 146°E04'37'' 26°S47'13'' AM 1 ADD 2 114095209
    [Show full text]
  • Rainfall Anomaly Over the Lee Side of Mount Carmel (Israel) and the Associated Wind Field
    748 JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY VOLUME 36 Rainfall Anomaly over the Lee Side of Mount Carmel (Israel) and the Associated Wind Field YAIR GOLDREICH AND ARIEL FREUNDLICH Department of Geography, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel PINHAS ALPERT Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel (Manuscript received 25 September 1995, in ®nal form 17 October 1996) ABSTRACT Yagur and other rain gauge stations located on the lee side of Mount Carmel in Israel experience much higher amounts of precipitation than those measured on the windward side of the mountain at a similar altitude and more rain than stations on the mountain itself. This phenomenon is consistently observed, and in the current study it is investigated primarily by means of simultaneous rain±wind observations and by using a two-dimen- sional simpli®ed orographic model. Orographic model simulations suggest the existence of a ¯ow disturbance at the lee of Mount Carmel, which might cause local rain enhancement. Results from the anemograph placed at Yagur, along with other wind measurements in the Carmel region, support the ®ndings of this model. Ob- servations depict the disturbed ¯ow that occurred at the lee of Mount Carmel and was associated with rain enhancement. The channeled ¯ow caused horizontal convergence, which is in accordance with the second hypothesis. Observations during the rainy periods indicate that the rain enhancement in Yagur is associated with the ridge-parallel ¯ow on the lee side of the mountain. It is hypothesized that the horizontal convergence of the leeside ¯ow with the ¯ow over the mountain causes the local enhancement of precipitation.
    [Show full text]
  • GE06L/10 BR IFIC Nº 2720 Special Section
    BR IFIC Nº 2720 Special Section GE06L/10 Date : 29.05.2012 International Frequency Information Circular (Terrestrial Services) Radiocommunication Bureau Date of limit for comments on Part A pursuant to §4.2.2.7 or §4.2.3.1 : 08.07.2012 Date of limit for comments on Part A pursuant to §4.2.4.8: 12.08.2012 Comments should be sent directly to the Administration originating the proposal and to the Bureau. Information included in the columns No. AP4 Description 1 BR identification number 2 B ITU symbol for the notifying administration 3 1A Assigned frequency (MHz) 4 4B/5B ITU symbol of the country or geographical area 5 4A/5A Name of the location of the transmitting/receiving station 6 4E Geographic area to which the typical station is applicable (for typical stations only) 7 4D Nominal radius (km) of the circular area (for typical stations only) 8 6A Class of station 9 7A Necessary bandwidth 10 7A Class of emission 11 System type code 12 8B Maximum effective radiated power (dBW) 13 ITU symbols of administrations considered to be affected 14 ITU symbol designating the administration with which coordination has been successfully completed, as indicated by the administration responsible for the submission. Note: *For information only. In accordance with the provision of No.5.316 of the Radio Regulations, this frequency assignment shall not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, the broadcasting service of the administration listed in Column 13 and referred to in this Note. BR IFIC Nº 2720 10 النشرة اﻹعﻻمية الدولية للترددات
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2016 Germany London Bridge Tel.: +49-69-23.09.38
    FRIENDS OF THE ISRAEL CANCER ASSOCIATION GERMANY THE NETHERLANDS BERLIN Mr. Robert Drake Mr. Michael Zehden Friends of the Israel Cancer Association In Holland Mrs. Julia Sengewitz Stichting B.K.I. Deutsch Israelische Hilfe für Krebskranke Kinder e.V Register Amsterdam Nr. 204207 Tauentzienstraße 7a Vijverweg 11 D - 10789 Berlin NL - 2243 HR Wassenaar Germany The Netherlands Tel.: +49-30-521.325.452. Tel.: +31-70-511.37.45. Fax: +49-30-521.325.451. Mobile: +31-6-53.20.44.18. E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: [email protected] FRANKFURT UNITED KINGDOM Mrs. Orna Knoch Mrs. Vered Aaron Frankfurter Gesellschaft der Freunde und Förderer der Friends of the Israel Cancer Association Krebsbekämpfung in Israel e.V Registered Charity No. 260710 Kaiserstraße 56 c/o Berwin Leighton Paisner LLP D - 60329 Frankfurt Adelaide House Annual Report 2016 Germany London Bridge Tel.: +49-69-23.09.38. London EC4R 9HA Mobile: +49-177-589.36.16. United Kingdom E-Mail: [email protected] Tel.: +44-208-455.78.85. Website: http://www.israelkrebshilfe.de/ Mobile: +44-793-263.11.28. E-Mail: [email protected] MUNICH Honorary Treasurer - Mr. Martin Paisner Mrs. Anita Kaminski E-Mail: [email protected] Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Krebshilfe in Israel, Komitee für Bayern, Munich UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Böcklin Straße 12 Mrs. Julie Gordon D - 80636 Munich Israel Cancer Association USA Germany 2751 S. Dixie Highway, Suite 3A Tel.: +49-89-15.30.39. West Palm Beach Mobile: +49-179-524.92.10. 33405 Florida E-Mail: [email protected] United States of America Tel.: +1-561-832.92.77.
    [Show full text]
  • Mount Carmel Caves (Israel) No 1393
    Literature consulted (selection) Mount Carmel Caves Bar-Yosef, O., and Callander, J., ‘The woman from Tabun: Garrod’s doubts in historical perspective’, in Journal of Human (Israel) Evolution 37:879-885, 1999. No 1393 Gamble, C., and Stringer, C., Potential Fossil Hominid Sites for Inscription on the World Heritage List: A Comparative Study, UNESCO, Paris, 1997. Jelinek, A., ‘The Tabun Cave and Paleolithic man in the Levant’, Official name as proposed by the State Party in Science 216:1369-1375, 1982. Sites of Human Evolution at Mount Carmel: The Nahal Me’arot/Wadi el-Mughara Caves Kaufman, D., ‘Mind the gap: questions of continuity in the evolution of anatomically modern humans as seen from the Location Levant’, in Archeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia Regional Council Hof-HaCarmel 4: 53-61. Northern Israel Sanz, N., and Keenan, P. (eds), Human Evolution: Adaptations, State of Israel Dispersals and Social Development (HEADS), World Heritage Thematic Programme, World Heritage Paper 29, Paris, Brief description UNESCO, 2011. Located in the steep-sided Nahal Me’arot/Wadi el- Mughara valley on the western side of the landmark Stringer, C.B., ‘Evolution of early modern humans’, in Mount Carmel range, Tabun, Jamal, el-Wad and Skhul Cambridge encyclopedia of human evolution, Cambridge; New caves contain cultural deposits representing the past half York, NY, Cambridge University Press, 1992. a million years of human evolution. The site is part of one Weinstein-Evron, M., et al, ‘After 70 Years: New Excavations at of the best preserved fossilised reefs of the Mediterranean the el-Wad Terrace, Mount Carmel, Israel’, in Journal of the region and is recognised as providing a definitive Israel Prehistoric Society 37:37-134, 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Remembering Palestine in 1948 Beyond National Narratives
    Remembering Palestine in 1948 Beyond National Narratives The war of 1948 in Palestine is a conflict whose history has been written primarily from the national point of view. This book asks what happens to these narratives when they arise out of the personal stories of those who were involved, stories that are still unfolding. Efrat Ben-Ze’ev, an Israeli anthropologist, examines the memories of those who participated in and were affected by the events of 1948, and how these events have been mythologized over time. This is a three-way conversation between Palestinian villagers, Jewish-Israeli veterans, and British policemen who were stationed in Palestine on the eve of the war. Each has his or her story to tell. Across the years, these witnesses relived their past in private within family circles and tightly knit groups, through gatherings and pilgrimages to sites of villages and battles, or through naming and storytelling. Rarely have their stories been revealed to an outsider. As Dr. Ben-Ze’ev discovers, these small-scale truths, which were collected from people at the dusk of their lives and previously overshadowed by nationalized histories, shed new light on the Palestinian–Israel conflict, as it was then and as it has become. Dr. Efrat Ben-Ze’ev is Senior Lecturer in Social Anthropology in the Department of Behavioral Sciences at the Ruppin Academic Center in Israel, and Research Fellow at the Harry S. Truman Research Institute for the Advancement of Peace at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Her publications include, as co-editor, Shadows of War: A Social History of Silence in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge University Press, 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • The Cultural Politics of Water Privatization in an Arab Israeli Town by Glenna L. Anton a Dissertation Submitted in Partial Sati
    The Cultural Politics of Water Privatization in an Arab Israeli Town By Glenna L. Anton A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geography in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Jake Kosek, Chair Professor Gillian Hart Professor Nancy Peluso Spring 2018 Copyright © 2018 Glenna L. Anton All Rights Reserved Abstract The Politics of Water Privatization in an Arab-Israeli Town By Glenna L. Anton Doctor of Philosophy in Geography University of California, Berkeley Professor Jake Kosek, Chair From Theodor Herzl’s utopian novel Altneuland, to Seth Siegel’s recent bestseller, Let There be Water, Israeli water development has preoccupied the Israeli and Jewish imagination. Traditional scholarship on water in Israel focuses on high politics and international relations; official policy and its associated techno-logics; or views water problems through a purely economic lens. My dissertation takes a “bottom-up” ethnographic approach to examining water politics. It offers a new framework for thinking about natural resources, and “nature” in Israel by demonstrating the role of struggles over “nature” in linking and shaping two processes that are often assumed to be separate and opposed: nation building on the one hand, and global capitalism on the other. Drawing on five years of ethnographic and historical research in Israel, my dissertation, The politics of water privatization in an Arab-Israeli town, argues that local struggles over access to water in the context of water privatization, reveals the contradictory relationship between nation building with its rigid delineation of territorial boundaries on the one hand, and global capitalist development on the other.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Fire Risk Using Monte Carlo
    Forest Ecology and Management 257 (2009) 370–377 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Assessing fire risk using Monte Carlo simulations of fire spread Yohay Carmel a,*, Shlomit Paz b, Faris Jahashan a, Maxim Shoshany a a Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel b Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Understanding the spatial pattern of fire is essential for Mediterranean vegetation management. Fire-risk Received 29 January 2008 maps are typically constructed at coarse resolutions using vegetation maps with limited capacity for Received in revised form 2 September 2008 prescribing prevention activities. This paper describes and evaluates a novel approach for fire risk Accepted 4 September 2008 assessment that may produce a decision support system for actual fire management at fine scales. FARSITE, a two-dimensional fire growth and behavior model was activated, using ArcView VBA code, to Keywords: generate Monte Carlo simulations of fire spread. The study area was 300 km2 of Mt. Carmel, Israel. Fire risk FARSITE fuel models were adjusted for Mediterranean conditions. The simulation session consisted of Fire behavior Fire spread model 500 runs. For each simulation run, a calendar date, fire length, ignition location, climatic data and other Monte Carlo simulation parameters were selected randomly from known distributions of these parameters. Distance from road Fire management served as a proxy for the probability of ignition. The resulting 500 maps of fire distribution (the entire area burnt in a specific fire) were overlaid to produce a map of ‘hotspots’ and ‘cold spots’ of fire frequency.
    [Show full text]
  • (EN) שרות ימי עסקים אבו ג'ווייעד )שבט( קבלן קבלן שוג ובא Abu Ghosh +2 תו
    ימי עסקים שרות (City (HE) City (EN קבלן קבלן אבו ג'ווייעד )שבט( 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Abu Ghosh אבו גוש 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Abu Sinan אבו סנאן קבלן קבלן Abu Sarihan אבו סריחאן )שבט( קבלן קבלן Abu Abdun אבו עבדון )שבט( קבלן קבלן Abu Ammar אבו עמאר )שבט( קבלן קבלן אבו עמרה )שבט( קבלן קבלן אבו קורינאת )שבט( קבלן קבלן אבו קרינאת )יישוב( קבלן קבלן אבו רובייעה )שבט( קבלן קבלן Abu Ruqayq אבו רוקייק )שבט( קבלן קבלן אבו תלול 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Ibtin אבטין קבלן קבלן Avtalion אבטליון קבלן קבלן Aviel אביאל קבלן קבלן Avivim אביבים 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Avigdor אביגדור Avihayil אביחיל 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Avital אביטל 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Aviezer אביעזר 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Abirim אבירים קבלן קבלן Even Haayin אבן העזר Even Yehuda אבן יהודה 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Even Menachem אבן מנחם 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Even Sapir אבן ספיר 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Even Shmuel אבן שמואל 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Avnei Eitan אבני איתן קבלן קבלן Avnei Hefetz אבני חפץ קבלן קבלן Avnat אבנת קבלן קבלן Absalom אבשלום קבלן קבלן Adora אדורה קבלן קבלן Adirim אדירים 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Adamit אדמית 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Aderet אדרת Aodim אודים קבלן קבלן Odem אודם קבלן קבלן Ohad אוהד 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Ohalo אוהלו קבלן קבלן אולפני ג.ג קבלן קבלן Umm al-Fahm אום אל-פחם קבלן קבלן Umm al-Qutuf אום אל-קוטוף 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Umm Batin אום בטין קבלן קבלן Omen אומן 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Omets אומץ 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Ofakim אופקים 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Or HaGanuz אור הגנוז 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Or HaNer אור הנר Or Yehuda אור יהודה Or Akiva אור עקיבא 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Ora אורה 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Orot אורות 2+ תוספת ימי עסקים Ortal
    [Show full text]
  • Liste Des Kibboutz Cette Liste De Kibboutz Spécifie Les Mouvements D’Affiliation Et Les Années De Fondation
    Liste des Kibboutz Cette liste de kibboutz spécifie les mouvements d’affiliation et les années de fondation. 1 / Les membres du kibboutz du mouvement kibboutz Adamit (1958) Erez (1950) Kerem Shalom (1967) Afek (1939) Eshbal (1998) Ketura (1970) Afik (1967) Evron (1937) Kfar Blum (1943) Afikim 1932) Eyal (1949) Kfar Daniel (1949) Almog (1977) Ga’aton (1948) Kfar Giladi (1916) Allonim (1938) Ga’ash (1951) Kfar HaMaccabi Alumot Gadot (1949) Kfar HaNassi (1948) Ami’ad (1946) Gal On (1946) Kfar Haruv (1973) Amir (1939) Galed (1945) Kfar Masaryk (1933) Ashdot Ya’akov Ihud (1933) Gan Shmuel (1920) Kfar Menahem Ashdot Ya’akov Meuhad(1933) Gat (1941) Kfar Ruppin (1938) Ayelet HaShahar (1918) Gazit (1948) Kfar Szold (1942) Bahan (1953) Gesher (1939) Kiryat Anavim Bar’am (1949) Gesher HaZiv (1949) Kissufim (1951) Barkai (1949) Geshur (1971) Kramim Be’eri (1946) Geva (1921) Kvoutzat Kinneret (1909) Beit Alfa (1922) Gevim (1947) Lahav Beit Guvrin (1949) Gezer (1945) Lehavot HaBashan Beit HaArava (1939) Gevim (1947) Lehavot Haviva (1949) Beit HaEmek (1949) Gilgal (1972) Lohamey HaGeta’ot(1949) Beit HaShita (1928) Ginegar (1922) Lotan (1983) Beit Kama (1949) Ginosar (1937) Ma’abarot (1925) Beit Keshet (1944) Givat Brenner (1928) Ma’agan Michael (1949) Beit Nir (1955) Givat Haim (Ihud) (1953) Ma’ale HaHamisha(1938) Beit Zera (1921) Givat Haim (Meuhad)(1953) Ma’anit (1942) Beth-El (1970) Givat HaShlosha (1925) Manara (1943) Bror Hayil (1948) Givat Oz (1949) Maoz Haim (1937) Dafna (1939) Glil Yam (1943) Mashabei Sadeh Dalia (1939) Gonen (1951) Matzuba
    [Show full text]
  • Sites of Human Evolution at Mount Carmel: the Nahal Me'arot / Wadi El
    EUROPE / NORTH AMERICA SITES OF HUMAN EVOLUTION AT MOUNT CARMEL: THE NAHAL ME’AROT / WADI EL-MUGHARA CAVES ISRAEL Israel – Sites of Human Evolution at Mount Carmel WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION – IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION SITES OF HUMAN EVOLUTION AT MOUNT CARMEL: THE NAHAL ME’AROT / WADI EL-MUGHARA CAVES (Israel) –ID No. 1393 IUCN RECOMMENDATION TO WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE: Not to inscribe the property under natural criteria Key paragraphs of Operational Guidelines: 77 Property does not meet natural criteria 1. DOCUMENTATION nominated property comprises a group of four natural caves (Tabun, Jamal, el-Wad and Skhul) and their geo- a) Date nomination received by IUCN: 11 March 2011 morphological environs. The 54 ha property is surrounded by a buffer zone of 370 ha which is not b) Additional information officially requested from included in the nominated area. The four caves are and provided by the State Party: Supplementary situated within an area of circa 2 hectares, incorporated information was provided to the evaluation process, within the Nahal Me’arot Nature Reserve which covers covering matters related to integrity, protection, 310 hectares. management, stakeholder engagement and other matters, following the evaluation mission. The site is subject to Mediterranean climatic conditions and a large variety of environments are found within c) Additional literature consulted: Albert, R. et al walking distance of the caves: riverbeds, hills supporting (1999) Mode of Occupation of Tabun Cave; J. Arch. Mediterranean forests or maquis, swamps, coastal Sci. Mercier, N. & Valladas, H. (2003) Reassessment of dunes and agricultural fields. These provided in burnt flints from the Palaeolithic site of Tabun Cave, prehistoric times a varied ecotonal setting and an easily Israel.
    [Show full text]