Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group MAES-Y-COED Afonwen, Caerwys, Flintshire
[NPRN 36002]
Architectural Record, 2018
FINAL REPORT
Report Ref.: 2018_001(c)_v.2 FINAL
Issue Date: 21st March 2018
A report commissioned by The Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in partnership with The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historic Monuments of Wales
Report prepared by 4 Friars Walk, Ludlow, Shropshire, SY8 1NT t: 07929 023963 e: rictyler@bnternet.com RIC TYLER www.rictyler.com MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Project Data
Project Number:2018_001(c)
Client Name: Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group
Site Name:Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire
Status: Grade II* Listed (dated 6 th November 1962)
NMRW Reference: NPRN 36002 CADW Listed Building Ref. 293
NGR: SJ 12990 71490
Document Data
Document Title: Architectural Record, 2018 Issue No.: v.2 FINAL
Document Location: Digital and hard copies of the present report will be deposited with the DOWHG and with Coflein.
Prepared by: Ric Tyler MCI fA Issue Date: 21 st March 2018
Disclaimer This document has been prepared for the commissioning body and titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and prior written authority of the author being obtained. Ric Tyler MCI fA accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequences of this document being used for a purpose other than that for which it was commissioned.
4 Friars Walk, Ludlow, Shropshire, SY8 1NT t: 01584 879990 m: 07929 023963 e: [email protected] www.rictyler.com PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
MAES-Y-COED Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire
[NRPN: 36002 ]
Architectural Record, 2018
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary ...... 1
1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1
1.1 Background to the Project ...... 1 1.2 Site Location ...... 2 1.3 Designations ...... 2 1.4 Scope of the Report...... 4 1.5 Previous Work / Archival Records ...... 4
2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ...... 4
3 METHODOLOGY...... 4
3.1 Documentary Research ...... 4 3.2 Historic Building Record ...... 4
4 BUILDING DESCRIPTION...... 5
4.1 Overview ...... 5 4.2 The Service Range ...... 6 4.3 The Hall/Parlour Wing ...... 8 4.4 The Coach House ...... 9 4.5 Service Range Extensions ...... 10
5 TREE-RING DATING...... 10
6 DISCUSSION...... 10
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...... 12
8 SOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 13
i RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
List of Illustrations within Text
Aerial photograph of Maes-y-coed farmhouse and outbuildings ( c.1960), looking south-west ...... 3 Key plan showing principal elements of recorded building ...... 5 Comparative plan with Piodau-fawr, Llandbyrie, Carms. (from Smith, 1988) ...... 11
List of Figures Figure 1: Location plan. Figure 2: Modern aerial photograph (Google Earth). Figure 3: Ground floor plan. Figure 4: First floor plan. Figure 5: Attic plan. Figure 6: Transverse cross-section of service range at A-A . Figure 7: Transverse cross-section of main hall/parlour range at B-B . Figure 8: Carpentry details of former open-well stair. Figure 9: Detail of double-ovolo moulded door-frame.
List of Plates
Plate 1: Maes-y-coed, contextual view looking south-west with associated farm ranges (NMRW PRN 420688) to right and Moel y Parc rising beyond. Plate 2: Oblique view looking south-west, with principal, northern entrance façade to right, service range and single-story dairy extension to left. Plate 3: Oblique view looking north-west with service range to left (east elevation obscured by dairy extension) and east end of parlour/hall wing to right. Plate 4: Oblique view looking north-east with service range to right and coach house to left. Plate 5: Massive, projecting stack to south gable end. Plate 6: Detail of moulded kneeler/ coped parapet to south gable end. Plate 7: Windows to south end of west elevation. Plate 8: Primary window, partly blocked, visible in [ G9]. Plate 9: Kitchen [ G1] looking south-west. Plate 10: Modern range inserted into gable fireplace. Plate 11: Axial passage [ G2] looking north. Plate 12: Room [ G4]; partly blocked door/window. Plate 13: Former doorway to north wall of [ G4]. Plate 14: Modified lower flight of stair A. Plate 15: Primary stair balustrade exposed within [ G3]; NB: mortices for orig. handrail/string (marked). Plate 16: Decoration to head of newel; finial lost at this level. Plate 17: Blocked door to north wall [ G3]. Plate 18: Window lighting stair A. Plate 19: Original stone window lintel with evidence for ovolo-moulded central mullion and diagonally set stanchions. Plate 20: Blocked window visible above extension [ G8]. Plate 21: Fireplace exposed to south wall of [ G1]. Plate 22: Room [ G1] looking south-west. Plate 23: Room [ G1]; cupboard inserted into original window opening. Plate 24: Ogee-stop to west end of transverse ceiling beam (1½ in. chamfer). Plate 25: Continuation of Stair A (1F→attic). Note empty mortice formerly accepting handrail. Plate 26: Stair A: details of baluster and finial.
ii RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 27: Stair A; additional flight (foreground), inserted over area of former open-well. Plate 28: Simple balustrade with ‘splat’ balusters to eastern side of [ A1]. Plate 29: Truss TI visible within [ A3], looking south. Plate 30: Truss TI visible within [ A2], looking north. NB. renewed roof structure (purlins/common rafters) throughout. Plate 31: North façade of main wing with coach house extension to right. Plate 32: East gable end. Plate 33: Detail of moulded kneeler/ coped parapet to southern roofslope. Plate 34: North elevation, detail of 6/6 sash window. Plate 35: North elevation, main door. Plate 36: Entrance passage [ G5] looking north. Plate 37: Entrance passage [ G5] looking south. Plate 38: Passage [ G5]; 4-panel door to [ G6]. Plate 39: Passage [ G5]; 6-panel door to [ G7]. Plate 40: Double-ovolo moulded door to service range. Plate 41: Detail of chamfer stop to moulded door. Plate 42: Room [ G6] looking north-west. Plate 43: Room [ G7] looking north-east. Plate 44: 6/6 sash with folding shutters, room [ G6]. Plate 45: Transverse ceiling beam, room [ G7]. Plate 46: Double-ovolo moulded door between service range and hall/parlour wing. Plate 47: Detail of ‘true’ -mitred door lintel. Plate 48: Room [ F6] looking north-west. Plate 49: Room [ F7] looking north-east. Plate 50: Stop detail to room [ F6]. Plate 51: Fireplace surround within [ F6] ([ F7] similar). Plate 52: Tie-beam of TII at head of east wall of [ F6]. Plate 53: Room [ F7]; exposed studwork construction of transverse wall beneath cambered tie-beam of truss TIII. Plate 54: Detail of wattle and daub infill panel. Plate 55: Truss TII visible from ceiling hatch over [ F4]. Plate 56: Wattle and daub infill beneath collar of TIII. Plate 57: Coach house, north elevation. Plate 58: Coach house, south elevation (oblique) with external stair (over kennel). Plate 59: Coach house; west gable end. Plate 60: Refurbished coach house, [ G10]. Plate 61: Refurbished coach house, [ F8]. Plate 62: Room [ F8]; door at head of external stair. Plate 63: Room [ F8]; angle fireplace to SE corner.
List of Appendices
APPENDIX A: Project Brief. APPENDIX B: Catalogue of project drawings. APPENDIX C: Catalogue of project photographs.
iii RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
MAES-Y-COED Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire
[NRPN: 36002 ]
Architectural Record, 2018
Summary
Maes-y-coed is located to the south side of the A541 Mold-Denbigh Road at Afon-wen in the community of Caerwys, Flintshire; it is centred on NGR SJ 12990 71490. It constitutes a Grade II* Listed Building and is included on the National Monuments Record of Wales, NPRN 36002. The current report summarises the results of an architectural record of the house, made in February 2018 as part of the Discovering Old Welsh Houses project, undertaken in partnership with the Royal Commission for Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW). No dendrochronological sampling of the house has been undertaken due to the unsuitability of timbers.
Maes-y-coed represents a house of considerable intrinsic interest, belonging to a group of early, winged houses of centralised plan. It occupies, at its core, a T-shaped plan comprising two principal elements; a southern service range, aligned north-south, with an open-well stair rising within a passage bay and, appended to the north thereof, a transverse principal hall/parlour wing of 18 th-century aspect, aligned east-west. Single-storey, pent-roofed extensions have historically been added to the eastern and weste rn sides of the service range, while a one-and-a- half storey ‘coach house’ with accommodation over has been appended ‘in -line’ to the west end of the hall/parlour wing.
The house has traditionally been interpreted as having evolved over two distinct phases, with the hall/parlour wing representing a secondary addition of the 18 th century. The form of the plan, however, together with evidence of surviving detailing, both internal and external, recorded during the current project suggests it is more likely that the hall/parlour wing represents a secondary ‘remodelling’ of a pre -existing building rather than an ‘addition’ per se. The widespread use of ovolo mouldings, in single - and double- form, together with the details of the open-well stair are, together, suggestive of an early to mid-17 th-century date.
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Project
1.1.1 The current report outlines the results of a rapid programme of historic building recording undertaken in February 2018 in respect of Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire. The house was recorded as part of the ‘Discovering Old Welsh Houses ’ project, 1 undertaken in collaboration with the Royal Commission for Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW).
1 http://datingoldwelshhouses.co.uk
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 1 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
1.2 Site Location
1.2.1 Maes-y-coed is located to the south side of the A541 Mold-Denbigh Road, immediately west of the main settlement area of Afon-wen in the community of Caerwys, Flintshire (Figure 1); it is centred on NGR SJ 12990 71490. The house occupies a gently sloping site at an elevation of 86.5m AOD, located on the north bank of the River Wheeler/Afon Chwiler, a tributary of the Clwyd which flows east to west c.35m to the south of the house to join the Clwyd c.5.5km to the south-west, near Bodfari. Moel y Parc rises steeply to a height of 398m to the south (Plate 1), forming the northern end of the Clwydian Range. The house is located hard on the border with Denbighshire to the south, the county boundary here being formed by the River Wheeler.
1.3 Designations
1.3.1 Maes-y-coed is a grade II* listed building (CADW LB ID 293), described in the listing schedule as follows: 2
History An early C17 house shown in its original form on the 1742 map of Maes Mynon demesne when it comprised a single N-S range. This survives but later in the C18 a new N front was added, in which form it is shown on the 1849 Tithe map. An integral part of this enlargement was the heightening of the original house. Subsequent additions included a lean-to dairy on the E side of the earlier house, and a granary on the W side of the C18 front (which also provided accommodation for farm workers), all of which is shown on the 1871 Ordnance Survey.
Maes-y-coed was the birthplace of the clergyman and scholar John Wynne (1667-1743). He was Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, bishop of St Asaph and then Bath & Wells, and resided at Soughton Hall in Northop from 1732.
Exterior The N-facing house comprises a symmetrical 5-bay C18 entrance range of 2 storeys with attic, with lower single-bay granary to the R side. Behind to the centre of the C18 range is the C17 house, which has lean-tos on both sides. The entrance range is whitened roughcast with slate roof behind coped gables and brick end stacks. It has a central doorway with moulded surround and a panelled reveal to a fielded-panel door and small-pane overlight. The near-flush windows are 12-pane hornless sashes. The lower granary to the R has a horned sash window in a gablet. The whitened rubble-stone rear wing has a massive external stone stack in its coped gable end with 3 brick flues. On the E side is a lean-to (originally a dairy) of rubble stone with bigger quoins and 2 inserted windows, while in its S end wall is a boarded door under a segmental head. On the W side of the rear wing is a late C19 margin-lit sash window lower R below a small-pane sash window in a brick surround to the upper storey. A lean-to in the angle of the main range has a window to the R with wooden louvres, and inserted window to the L, and is abutted by a wall concealing an oil tank. Its S wall has a boarded door under a segmental head. Above the lean-to the C17 house has a 2-light casement. The former granary attached to the entrance range has, in the S wall, external stone steps, which incorporate a kennel beneath them, to a boarded door beneath the eaves. Its W gable end has double boarded doors to the R under a segmental head, a single stable door to the L and a small loft window, all with keyed heads and voussoirs.
Interior The rear wing retains doorways to the entrance range in the lower and upper storeys, both of which have 2 orders of ovolo moulding. Otherwise the main internal details are C18 and includes doors with 2 and 6 fielded panels. The C18 N range has cross beams with run-out stops. Two- and 6-panel doors are retained, some with wrought-iron hinges. The close-string stair is in the rear wing. A C17 open-well attic stair, partly dismantled, has ornate fret-cut balusters, and was possibly moved here when the original house was heightened and the original stair replaced. The roof has C18 collar-beam trusses.
Reasons for Listing Listed grade II* as an especially fine and well-preserved C18 farmhouse with substantial earlier rear wing, which with the adjacent agricultural range comprises a complete farm group in a prominent location near the bottom of Caerwys Hill.
1.3.2 Maes-y-coed is included on the National Monuments Record for Wales (NMRW), ref. NPRN 36002, where the following information is recorded: 3
2 https://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/300000293-maes-y-coed-farmhouse-caerwys#.Wm8aMzfLiUk 3 http://www.coflein.gov.uk/en/site/36002/details/maes-y-coed-farmhouse-afon-wen.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 2 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
17th century, stone, T shaped, 2 storey plus attic with slate roof, 18th century addition to North, massive projecting chimney. Interior panelled doors and shutters, ornamental wrought hinges. RCAHMW, 01 January 1993.
[Additional:] Maes-y-coed belongs to a group of early winged houses with a centralised plan (cf. Houses of the Welsh Countryside, figs 139-42, esp. fig. 142b ) which have special interest as the precursors of 'modern' house plans with central circulation. Houses of this type are generally winged with special provision for direct access to the stair, which provided independent access to all or most of the chambers, and have the service-room at the rear.
Maes-y-coed is T-shaped with a C17th kitchen wing which was apparently refronted in the C18th by the present principal range. The kitchen wing preserves some significant period detail, some of which has come to light recently (2014): the framed stair, door-frames, stone mullioned window, all with ovolo mouldings. The detail places the wing in the mid-C17th or a little earlier.
The stair was placed on one side of the passage bay between the kitchen and the principal rooms; a service-room flanked the other side of the passage. C19th alterations have largely concealed the detail of a splendid if rather tight framed stair of dog-leg type with carved balusters, moulded hand-rail, pendants and finials, which rose to the attic. A recently uncovered doorframe with double-ovolo moulding shows that the wing was entered from the present principal range.
Maes-y-coed is a significant addition to the small number of early houses with centralised planning. The stair and kitchen wing preserves mid-C17th detail but the principal range was modernised in the C18th. Nevertheless the principal range appears to preserve the original plan of a large passage which provided access to the stair and kitchen wing and to the flanking hall and parlour with end fireplaces.
The Wynnes of Maes-y-coed were a well-established gentry family in the later C17th and early C18th. Bishop John Wynne (1667-1743), sometime Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, was a member of the family.
R.F. Suggett/RCAHMW/Nov. 2014
1.3.3 Maes-y-coed is associated with a group of substantial, Grade II Listed agricultural outbuildings (NMRW PRN 420688),4 located immediately west of the farmhouse, including a multi -bayed, timber -framed barn and a small, iron water wheel . These buildings lie outside of the scope of the current study.
Aerial photograph of Maes-y-coed farmhouse and outbuildings ( c.1960), looking south-west (courtesy P. Gorrell).
4 http://www.coflein.gov.uk/en/site/420688/details/maes-y-coed-farm-outbuildings-afon-wen#site-details . See also: https://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/ 300026782-agricultural-range-at-maes-y-coed-farm-caerwys#.Wq0VSZcuCUk.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 3 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
1.4 Scope of the Report
1.4.1 The Historic Building Record was undertaken in accordance with a ‘Design Brief for Historic Building Recording’ dated July 6 th 2016 (updated for current phase of recording), prepared by the Project Director; a copy of the brief is included below as Appendix A.
1.4.2 This report outlines the results of the building survey, and has been prepared in accordance with Historic England guidelines as published in Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Practice (HE, 2016), the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists’ Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (CI fA, 2014) and the Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers’ Analysis and Recording for the Conservation of Works to Historic Buildings (ALGAO, 1997).
1.4.3 Site survey was undertaken over the course of two days, 14 th/15th February 2018. This report is thus based upon information current and available as of February 2018.
1.5 Previous Work / Archival Records
1.5.1 Coflein, the on-line database of the NMRW, records a number of digital photographic images dating to 2014 relating to the outbuildings at Maes-y-coed (NPRN 420688), though no archived materials pertaining to the farmhouse itself.
2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
2.1 The general objecti ve of the architectural record, as outlined in the ‘project design brief’ ( Appendix A), was to generate a drawn, photographic and written record of Maes-y-coed farmhouse; specific aims of the recording action are listed at section §.4 of the brief.
3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Documentary Research
3.1.1 Documentary research into the historical background, origins and development of Maes-y-coed is about to be undertaken by volunteers of the ‘Discovering Old Welsh Houses ’ group and will be reported separately. Thus, no programme of documentary research into the building has been commissioned or undertaken as part of the current Historic Building Record.
3.2 Historic Building Record
3.2.1 The building record comprised an examination of all safely accessible areas of the building and the preparation of drawn, photographic and written records of the same, all carried out to a level commensurate with a ‘Level 2/3’ survey as defined by Historic England in ‘ Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Practice ’ (HE, 2016).
Drawn Record
3.2.3 The drawn record comprised the preparation measured plans at principal floor levels, to a sufficient level of detail to illustrate the dimensions, features (including phase breaks, blocked features, former doorways/fireplaces and partition walls etc.) and construction of the building, together with phasing and outline development so far as was practicable from a non-intrusive survey. Representative cross-sections and timber details were recorded as necessary. Plans were prepared on site in pencil on archivally stable drafting- film, at a scale of 1:50 with measurements being obtained by a combination of taped measurement and hand-
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 4 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
held laser. Resultant site drawings have served as the basis for the illustrations included within the current document; a register of project drawings is appended as Appendix B.
Photographic Record
3.2.4 To complement the drawn survey, a photographic record was made comprising high-resolution digital photography using a Nikon D3000 DSLR camera. The survey extended to include general and detailed shots, contextual views of the building and accessible external elevations, general and detail views of principal interior rooms and circulation spaces, together with visible structural and decorative details (both external and internal). Where practically feasible, photographs included graded photographic scales. Selected site record photographs are reproduced as plates within the current document.
Written Record
3.2.5 A written record was maintained in the form both of annotations to site drawings and as free text to accompany the drawn and photographic records, which together form the basis for the following building description. This extended to cover a summary of the building’s form and type, its function (both historically and at present), materials of construction, date and sequence of development so far as practicable from a non-intrusive survey.
4 BUILDING DESCRIPTION
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Maes-y-coed farmhouse (Plates 1-3) occupies, at its core, a T-shaped plan comprising two principal elements; a southern service range, aligned north-south and, appended to the north thereof, a transverse principal hall/parlour wing of 18 th-century aspect, aligned east-west (see inset plan below; also Figures 3-5). Single- storey, pent-roofed extensions have historically been added to the eastern and western sides of the service range, while a one-and-a- half storey ‘ coach house ’ with accommodation over has been appended ‘in -line’ to the west end of the hall/parlour wing.
Key Plan showing principal elements of recorded building
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 5 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
4.2 The Service Range
Exterior
4.2.1 The service range (Plates 3/4) is stone-built, rectangular in plan and aligned north-south, with overall external dimensions of 27ft. long (N/S) x 21½ft. wide (E/W), rising through two full-storeys to a pitched, slate-clad roof, gabled to the south and oversailing the roof of the transverse hall /parlour range to the north. A massive stone end-stack (raised with three, linked brick chimneys) projects centrally from the southern gable end (Plate 5), the latter otherwise blind, rising to a low, stone-coped parapet supported on moulded corbel kneelers (Plate 6). 5 The eastern elevation (Plate 3) is fully obscured externally by a pent-roofed dairy extension, though internal observations reveal three original first-floor window openings, two blocked but one, to the north, retaining evidence for an original two-light, stone mullioned form (ovolo-moulded; see §.4.2.4, Plate 19); ground floor arrangements have been lost, though an extant doorway between kitchen and extension most probably reflects an original feature. The west elevation (Plate 4) is, likewise, partly obscured by a lean-to extension To the south, superimposed windows light ground and first floor (Plate 7), the lower window a tri-partite sash with margin-lights beneath a segmental brick head of a single header-course, the upper, an 8/8 un-horned, double-hung sash with exposed boxes, set within an area of secondary brickwork; both windows reasonably represent secondary insertions into primary openings. To the north end of the range, an inserted, two-light casement may replace an original opening hard in the angle of the hall/parlour wing while a third, central window opening, evidenced within (see §.4.2.4; Plate 23), is not traceable externally. At ground floor level, within the western extension, an extant doorway onto the service range occupies a primary location, while a partly blocked original door/window opening with cambered head is located hard in the angle of the hall/parlour wing, visible internally from both [ G4] and [G9] (Plate 8).
Interior
4.2.2 Internally, the service range occupies a basic two-unit plan, transversely sub-divided (asymmetrically; 8½/15ft. long to north/south respectively) at both ground and first floor and at attic level. At ground floor level (Figure 3), the southern bay is occupied by a large kitchen [ G1] (Plate 9), c.15ft. x 17ft., lit by a single window (secondary sash within original opening) to the south end of the west wall and heated by a large gable fireplace to the south (with modern, inserted range; Plate 10). Opposing doorway within the original external walls to the north side of the room give access to eastern and western extensions respectively, though both arguably reflect primary openings. The ceiling is underdrawn and is spanned by a single, transverse beam, plastered over but evidently plain chamfered with run-out stops. The narrower, northern bay forms a passage bay, with axial corridor [ G2] (Plate 11) affording through access to the hall/parlour wing to the north; the doorway between the two elements is formed of a stout timber frame with double-ovolo moulded and stopped jambs facing north onto the hall/parlour wing (see §.4.3.2 below). 6 A small store-room [ G4] to the west of the axial passage includes a partly blocked doorway/window opening with cambered head at the north end of the western, original exterior wall (Plate 12), while a recess to the north wall is also indicative of a former doorway (Plate 13). 7
4.2.3 Opening off the east side of [ G2], stair A (Plate 14) rises to first floor level. Although much modified and formerly largely obscured at lower levels, recent ‘opening up’ has revealed a stair comprising a compact, open-well plan, stylistically early- to mid-17 th-century in date, 8 rising around three sides of a 3ft.-square well, with closed-string, moulded balusters 9 and handrail together with newels incorporating decorative finials and pendants, details recently exposed within room [ G3] (Figure 8; Plates 15/16). 10 In particular, the lowest flight,
5 As is the southern roofslope of the hall/parlour wing (§.4.3.1; Plate 33). 6 A feature repeated at first floor level (§.4.2.4). 7 Such a doorway would not, however, correlate well with the internal arrangements of the hall/parlour wing, where the western transverse partition of the entrance hall/passage buts up against the opening (see §.6). 8 See Hall 2005, 103-4 and 117, figs 4.37/38. 9 Balusters moulded to one side only, onto the well. 10 Carpentry details also surviving/exposed at attic level; see below.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 6 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
originally rising north to south, has been removed and the stair realigned to form an enclosed transverse, straight-flight (Plate 14); redundant handrail and string mortices within the lower surviving newel (Plate 15) indicate the original arrangements/alignment of the lost flight (see inset at Figure 3). A recess to the north side of [ G3] (Plate 17), with splayed eastern reveal and iron pintles to west, represents a further blocked doorway, formerly communicating with the hall/parlour range.
4.2.4 Stair A rises to first floor level (Figure 4) where landing/circulation space [ F2] functionally mirroring axial passage [ G2] at ground floor level, though offset to the east relative to the latter. The upper part of stair A is lit by an 8-pane fixed-light window set high in the east wall (Plate 18), set within a primary opening; the original ovolo-moulded jambs and lintel survive in-situ (Plate 19) the latter with evidence for a central, ovolo- moulded mullion and diagonally set stanchions, two per light. (A further, two-light window (blocked) to the south is visible within the roofspace over extension [ G8]; Plate 20). The larger, southern bay of the range again forms a single space, [ F1] (Plate 22), the floor level of which is set c.1ft below that of passage [ F2], from which it is accessed. The room is lit by a single, 8/8 sash window to the south end of the west wall (occupying a primary location), with a cupboard to the north thereof (Plate 23) reasonably reflecting the location of a further primary window. The western wall was not accessible, though a matching fenestration pattern is probable. At the centre of the south gable wall, a stone fireplace has recently been uncovered (Plate 21), with monolithic, four-centred, ovolo-moulded head, and jambs similarly moulded with plain lower stops; the apparent high hearth slab level would suggest that the floor within [ F1] has been historically lowered by c.1ft., thereby accounting for the step down into the room from passage [ F1] to the north. The room is spanned by a single transverse beam, plain-chamfered with ogee-stops (Plate 24); the ceiling is underdrawn. To the north side of the room, the soffit the tie-beam of overlying truss TI is exposed to the head of the wall, with regularly spaced, single-pegging for vertical studs at c.2½ft. centres.
4.2.5 Attic level (Figure 5) is of two uneven bays (here numbered Bay 1/2 to north and south), corresponding to the bay divisions at ground and first floor levels. It is approached via a vertical continuation of open-well stair A (see §.4.2.3 above; Plate 25), rising to the eastern side of Bay 1 beneath the low (rebuilt) roofslope to landing [A1], which reflects [ F1] at first floor level. The upper part of the main stair maintains the high-quality detailing of the lower flight, with carpentry details here better preserved (Plate 26). Unusually, at this level, the string and balustrade of the eastern flight have been removed, and an additional, parallel upper flight inserted, rising east to west over the area of the former open well (see §.4.2.7). The upper balustrade and string have also been truncated at the head of this secondary flight, evidenced by cut-off tenons within the southern face of the upper newel; the southern section of the attic level balustrade survives in-situ however, flanking the eastern side of [ A1], comprising a much simpler handrail and ‘splat’ balusters (unmoulded, though reproducing the profile of the main stair balusters; Plate 28) .
4.2.6 The roof structure over the service range is of two uneven bays (here numbered Bay 1/2 to north and south) defined by a single truss, TI (Figure 6; Plates 29/30). The truss is of queen-strut form, infilled with wattle and daub panels (lime-washed); a doorway (?inserted) is formed approximately on the axis of the range, with a full-height stud rising from tie to principal rafter, forming the western jamb, providing access between the bays. The roof was originally carried on two tiers of side-purlins to each roof slope and a square section ridge- piece housed in a notch to the apex of the principal rafters; purlins have been renewed throughout (cut-off sections survive to the west side of TI), two to the west and one to the east (the latter vertically set); common rafters has been renewed throughout and the slate roof under-felted. 11
4.2.7 The detailing of Stair A raises certain questions; in particular the restricted head-room above the upper flight 12 and the presence of a decorative finial to the upper newel post, perhaps overly elaborate for its physical location, in what would have been subsidiary, attic accommodation. However, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, it must be assumed that the full height of the stair forms a contemporary feature. It has been
11 Work to roof appears fairly recent, though not undertaken by current owners; no related, historical planning materials traced on-line. 12
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 7 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
noted that the current roof has clearly been renewed in the recent past, and it is thus possible that this has obscured an earlier roof profile above the upper flight. The context for the introduction of the second, parallel upper flight to attic level is also unclear, though a possible explanation is that it was related to some former arrangement of discrete access to rooms [ A2] and [ A3], located to the west side of Bay 1 and to Bay 2 respectively. No evidence for a related partition within [ A1], would reasonably have run diagonally from the newel at the head of stair A to the southern jamb of the door opening onto [ A3] (see Figure 5), was recorded though it should be noted that the roof structure has been largely replaced and the floor was lined with chipboard sheeting, effectively obscuring any potential evidence.
4.3 The Hall/Parlour Wing
Exterior
4.3.1 The main hall/parlour wing is appended to the northern end of the service range, aligned east to west (Plate 31). It is rectangular in plan, of a single pile, with maximum external measurements of 47ft. long (E/W) x 21ft. wide (N/S), of two full-storeys beneath a pitched, slate-clad roof, gabled to east and west, with brick gable stacks. Verges are plain to the northern roofslope, but furnished with low, stone-coped parapets to the south (Plate 33), the latter rising from moulded stone kneelers (as per south gable of service range), resulting in a slightly asymmetrical profile (Plate 32). The rendered entrance front to the north (Plate 31) is of five window- bays, symmetrically disposed, with two widely-set window openings to either side of a central, axial doorway (window over). Fenestration comprises 6/6, unhorned, double-hung sashes beneath flat heads with exposed sash-boxes set almost flush to the main façade (Plate 34). The central doorway, with moulded architrave, is of six-panel form (raided and fielded) beneath a plain, three-pane overlight, and is recessed from the main façade with panelled reveals and soffit (Plate 35). Eastern (Plate 32) and western gable ends are blind, that to the west being for the most part obscured by the ‘in-line ’ coach house extension (Plate 58), and are capped by brick gable-stacks. Likewise, much of the southern elevation is obscured by the abutting service range and subsidiary extensions though, where visible (to the east, 1F), would appear to be of white-washed stone rubble construction and free of any primary features/openings.
Interior
4.3.2 Internally, the hall/parlour range occupies a basic tri-partite plan at each level. At ground floor (Figure 3), the central doorway of the north façade opens onto a 10ft. wide, transverse entrance passage [ G5] (Plates 36/7) extending to the full width of the range with opposing doorways to the south end of the eastern and western flanking walls affording access to rooms [ G7] and [ G6] respectively. 13 Off-centre to the west of the south wall, a further, 3ft. wide doorway opens onto passage [ G2] of the service range beyond; this opening is furnished with a stout timber frame (Plate 40), double ovolo-moulded to the north (ie. onto the hall/parlour range) with distinctive stop detail (see Plate 41; Figure 9); 14 the head is here obscured by an applied semi-circular arch, though the corresponding door at first floor level (§.4.3.3; Plate 46) is flat-headed with mitred lintel. Rooms [G6/7] mirror one another (Plates 42/3), each lit by two sash windows to the north, with three-panel, hinged shutters and panelled soffits (Plate 44), and heated by a gable end fireplaces (modified in both instances). Each room is spanned by a single, substantial transverse ceiling beam, aligned centrally between the window openings to the north, plastered over but evidently chamfered with plain run-outs (Plate 45); ceilings are underdrawn.
4.3.3 First floor level (Figure 4) is approached via stair A within the service range (see §.4.2.3 above), there being no discrete vertical communication internal to the wing itself. From landing [ F2] of the service range, the hall/parlour wing is entered through a 3ft. wide, timber-framed doorway within its south wall (Figure 9; Plate
13 Doors of 6- and 4-panel form respectively (Plates 38/9). 14 A comparable doorway affords access between service range and hall-parlour wing at first floor level, where the mouldings, by contrast, are oriented to the south, towards the service range. A similar stop detail was recorded at first-floor level of the hall/parlour wing on the door-frame between [ F4/6] (Plate 50).
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 8 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
46), similar to that at ground floor level with double-ovolo moulded jambs, distinctive stop and neatly-mitred, flat lintel (here exposed; Plate 47). At this level, the mouldings of the doorway are oriented to the south, onto the service range, 15 with splayed jambs to the wing side. As at ground floor level, the wing comprises two generously sized chambers [ F6/7] (Plate 48/9) to east and west of a 10ft. wide central bay, the latter here partitioned off to form a lateral access passage [ F4] to the south and a further bedroom [ F5] to the north. Of note, the plain-chamfered southern door-jamb to room [ F6] includes a stop detail (Plate 50) similar to that of the double-ovolo moulded doorways between service range and hall/parlour wing at both levels. Rooms [F6/7] are both lit by two 6/6 sash windows to the north and heated by gable-end fireplaces, here fitted with matching early/mid 19 th-century timber surrounds (Plate 51). Interestingly, at the head of each of the main transverse partitions, the cambered tie-beams of the overlying roof trusses are visible (Plates 52/3), the underdrawn ceiling being set slightly above eaves level, at the level of the lower of two tiers of side-purlins (Figure 6). In the case of the eastern room [ F7], recent refurbishment work by the current owners has served to expose the underlying construction of the partition wall (Plate 53); this is of close-set vertical studs, 7in. wide at c.2ft. centres, single-pegged at tie (the latter displaying single peg holes for queen struts over), with interstices infilled by wattle and daub panels comprising horizontally set staves supporting vertically threaded wattles (Plate 54). 16
4.3.4 The roof over the hall/parlour wing (Figure 5) 17 is of three bays (here numbered 1 to 3 from west to east) defined by two trusses ( TII/TIII) of double queen-strut form (Figure 7; Plate 55), infilled between tie and collar by wattle and daub panels (Plate 56), 18 supporting two tiers of side-purlins lodged over the back of the principal rafters (purlins in bay lengths, splay-scarfed to west TII/east of TIII) and a square-section ridge-piece carried in a notch to the apex of the principal rafters. Common rafters have been renewed throughout, and the underside of the slates felted (recent work, as per service range; see fn. 11 above).
4.4 The Coach House
4.4.1 The coach house is appended ‘in-line’ at the western gable end of the main hall/parlour wing, aligned on the main east/west axis. It is stone-built, rectangular in plan, with maximum overall measurements of 21½ft. (N/S) 19 x 15½ft. (E/W), of one and a half storeys beneath a pitched, slate-clad roof, gabled to the west and abutting the main wing to the east. The north elevation (Plate 57) is rendered and painted, blind to ground floor level with a central, 6/6 horned-sash to first floor, breaking the eaves line beneath a dormer gable. The south elevation, of whitewashed stone rubble, is also blind to ground floor with a simple first floor doorway to the west, hard beneath the eaves, approached via an external, straight-flight stone stair, rising west to east with a small dog kennel beneath (Plate 58). The western gable end (Plate 59), rising to plain verges, is furnished with two segmental-headed openings to ground floor level; a 6ft. 4in. wide, double-door to the south,20 and a narrower, 4ft. wide single-door to the north, the latter furnished with pin hung, two-leaf stable doors; a small, 2/2 horizontal- sliding (‘Yorkshire’) sash is centred to first floor level, 21 again beneath a segmental head. All arches are of brick, comprising alternating stretchers and paired headers, with shallowly projecting stone keys.
15 ie. reversed compared to ground floor level, where the mouldings face northwards onto the entrance hall, though logical when read as part of a sequential route from hall to principal chambers. 16 A somewhat archaic/rudimentary form of construction for a high-status range ostensibly of 18 th century date, perhaps indicating a remodelling of a precursor range rather than the construction of a new wing afresh. 17 Physical access to roofspace over hall/parlour wing not possible, current description arises from visual inspection only from ceiling hatch over [ F4]. 18 Trusses above collar level display no evidence for former infill and would thus appear to have always been open. 19 The coach house is thus marginally wider than the main parlour/hall wing, and projects by 2-3in. to both north and south 20 Doors replaced during recent (2016) refurbishment as holiday accommodation; the listed building entry entry (see §.1.3.1 above) recorded ‘double boarded doors under segmental head’ (illustrated in photographs submitted with 2016 planning / listed building application; see https://digital.flintshire.gov.uk /FCC_Planning/Home/ Details?refno=054440). 21 2016 photographs appear to illustrate a former, four-pane fixed light window.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 9 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
4.4.2 Internally, the range has been recently (2016) comprehensively refurbished and repurposed as holiday accommodation, with the result that little of historical significance is exposed. 22 Ground floor (Figure 3) is divided longitudinally to form two interlinked spaces, [ G11] to the north and [ G10] to the south, originally forming stabling and cart/coach house accommodation respectively, both accessed from the west. 23 First floor level (Figure 4), originally approached by means of the external stair against the south wall, 24 comprises a single space [ F8] and would have served as staff living accommodation, being heated by a small angle-fireplace at the south e ast corner of the room, accommodating a simple ‘Pantheon’ pattern hob -grate beneath a segmental brick head (Plate 63). 25 Deposited photographs of 2016 indicate that the range had been historically re-roofed prior to the recent works.
4.5 Service Range Extensions
4.5.1 As noted above, the north-south aligned service range is flanked to both east and west by single-storey, pent- roofed extensions, that to the east extending to the full length of the service range (Plate 3), that to the west somewhat shorter, with a curving wall attached at the external south-west angle forming a small enclosed yard to the south side of the coach house (Plate 4). Both extensions are of stone rubble construction, beneath mono-pitch, slate-clad roofs, that to the east rising to eaves height of the service range, that to the west rising to mid-way up first floor level. Both extensions are accessed via simple plank-and-baton doors in the south elevation, set within pegged timber-frames beneath segmental brick arches of alternating stretchers and paired headers. Internally, both extensions have been extensively modified to form contemporary kitchen [G8] and bathroom [ G9] accommodation, to east and west respectively, with little of historical significance exposed, save the blocked windows of the primary service range, visible within a cupboard in [ G9] and the roofspace of [ G8], both noted at §.4.2 above. It is understood that the eastern extension historically functioned as a dairy (see list entry at §.1.3.1).
5 TREE-RING DATING
5.1 Maes-y-coed was assessed for dendrochronological study on 14 th November 2017. However, as the property was graded overall at level ‘F’ on an A-F scale and thought highly unlikely to yield a secure felling date, it was decided not to sample the property for analysis. 26
6 DISCUSSION
6.1 Maes-y-coed represents a house of considerable intrinsic interest belonging, as noted in the Coflein entry, to a group of early, winged houses of centralised plan (see also Smith 1988, 238; fig.129). The house has traditionally been held to have evolved over two distinct phases, with the northern hall/parlour wing representing a secondary addition of the 18 th century (see list entry at §.1.3.1), and this may be supported by the evidence of historical mapping, though this has not been reviewed as part of the current project. However, the form of the plan together with evidence of surviving detailing, both internal and external, suggests it is more likely that the main range represents a secondary ‘remodelling ’ of a pre-existing building rather than an ‘addition ’ per se . Specifically, the use of coped parapets on moulded ‘corbel’ kneelers in both the service range (south gable) and the southern roofslope of the hall/parlour wing may suggest contemporaneity (with the north side only of the parlour/hall wing having been remodelled in the 18 th century), while the arrangement of double-ovolo moulded doors between the two ranges at ground and first floor levels is also of note. Further, the stylistic similarity of moulding stops to the double-ovolo doors and the
22 Limited photographic and drawn records of the structure, then in a semi-derelict condition, prior to refurbishment works are included with archived, online planning documentation (see link at fn.18). 23 Outline description in site notes submitted with 2016 planning/LBC application describes partially surviving cobbled flooring. 24 Internal stair (visible in Plate 60), introduced during 2016 works. 25 A small, single- flue stack can be seen rising at this location on the historical ‘bird’s eye’ photograph of c.1960 reproduced at §.1.3.3 above. 26 See ODL Assessment notes, 13-17.11.17
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door to the western first-floor chamber may be significant, while the paired studwork transverse partitions of the hall/parlour wing (with wattle and daub infill at first floor level at least), would represent a somewhat archaic form of construction for a range built anew in the 18 th-century, when a framed wall with lath and plater render might be expected. The widespread use of ovolo mouldings, in single- and double- form, together with the details of the open-well stair are, together, suggestive of an early to mid-17 th-century date.
6.2 In plan form, combining hall/parlour wing 27 with perpendicular, rear kitchen range with open-well stair, Maes- y-coed bears a marked similarity to the arrangements of Piodau-fawr, Llandbyrie, Carms. (NMRW NPRN 17701), a large 17 th-century house of two-and-a-half storeys, demolished in 1984, 28 illustrated in Smith (1988, 251; figure 142 - see comparative inset below).
Maes-y-coed (left, re-oriented to match, with north to bottom of page) compared with Piodau-fawr (right; as illustrated in Smith, 1988); to similar scale.
6.3 A significant divergence in the two plans, however, is presented by the arrangements of the transverse entrance passage within the hall/parlour wing and the siting of the associated doors between hall/parlour wing and service range. At Piodau-fawr, the transverse passage is built on a narrow plan, with access to hall/parlour on the axis of the range, and a single door opening onto the base of the stair, with through access to the kitchen beyond. The narrow plan of the entrance passage means that hall and parlour are also furnished with direct access to the base of the stair, without the need to utilise the entrance passage. At Maes-y-coed, however, the entrance passage is arranged on a wider plan, incorporating two doorways in the wall opposite the main door, one serving the base of the stair ( S), and a second opening directly onto the axial passage communicating with the rear kitchen. Primary, discrete access to the base of the stair/axial service- range passage from hall and parlour of the main wing is unlikely here however, 29 and on the available evidence, the two-door arrangement is most likely primary, with access to the service range from hall/parlour
27 The identical arrangements of [ G6/7] precludes any reasoned functional (hall/parlour) distinction between the two ends of the wing. 28 http://www.coflein.gov.uk/en/site/17701/details/piodau-fawr-farmhouse#archive 29 Theoretically, there is room for a doorway between the eastern room [ G7] and the base of the stair, though this would open somewhat uncomfortably beneath the soffit of stair A. The alignment of the western wall of the entrance passage [ G5] precludes the presence of a matching door opening off the western room [ G6] (discounting the recess to the north side of [ G4]), unless the partition forming the western side of [ G5] has been historically moved, which appears unlikely in that it aligns with transverse partition at first floor level and with roof truss TII over.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 11 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
being via the entrance passage [ G5]. Thus at Maes-y-coed, it is the entrance passage of the hall/parlour wing that forms the central ‘circulation space ’ onto which all elements of the house open, whereas at Piodau-fawr this function is adopted by the hallway at the base of the stair, perhaps presenting a more refined example of the centralised plan.
6.4 It is unfortunate that dendrochronological sampling of Maes-y-coed was not feasible, although the opportunity to make a detailed record of the house is welcome. The potential of ongoing refurbishment work at the house to expose further evidence for former arrangements should be borne in mind.
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
7.1 The project was commissioned by Mrs. Margaret Dunn and Dr. Martin Cherry of the ‘Discovering Old Welsh Houses ’ group, to whom thanks are given for assistance and cooperation throughout. The survey was possible thanks to generous grant funding from the Clwydian Range & Dee Valley AONB, the Woodtiger Fund, the Marc Fitch Fund, the Society of London, Phillips Fund, the Vernacular Architecture Group, the Cambrian Archaeological Association and the CBA Mick Aston Fund. Special thanks are extended to Mr. Pete Gorrell and Ms. Diana Peberdy, owners of Maes-y-coed, for allowing access to the property for the purposes of survey. Thanks also to Mrs. Margaret Dunn and Dr Martin Cherry (DOWHG) and to Mr. Richard Suggett (RCAHMW) for comments on the draft version of the present report.
7.2 Site recording and assessment were undertaken by Mr Ric Tyler MCI fA who also wrote, collated and illustrated the current report.
Ric Tyler MCI fA 21.03.2018
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 12 PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
8 SOURCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY a) Published Sources
Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers (ALGAO), 1997. Analysis and Recording for the Conservation and Control of Works to Historic Buildings.
CI fA, 2014a. Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures. University of Reading, CIFA.
CI fA, 2014b. Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment. University of Reading, CIFA.
CI fA 2014c. Code of Conduct. University of Reading, CIFA.
Hall L, 2005. Period House Fixtures and Fittings 1300-1900 . Newbury, Countryside Books.
Historic England, 2016. Understanding Historic Buildings: A Guide to Good Recording Practice.
Smith P, 1988. Houses of the Welsh Countryside: A Study in Historical Geography . London, HMSO. b) Online Sources
http://www.archaeologists.net www.britishlisted buildings.co.uk. www.coflein.gov.uk http://datingoldwelshhouses.co.uk https://digital.flintshire.gov.uk /FCC_Planning https://historicengland.org.uk
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) 13 Caerwys
N
see Figure 2
Based upon Explorer 1:25,000 map (Sheet 265) Ordnance Survey c Crown Copyright 2015. 0 1 2km All rights reserved. Licence No. 100050391.
RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 1: Locaon plan N
Maesycoed [NPRN 36002]
Google Earth; image dated 22.04.2015
RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 2: Detailed locaon; modern aerial photograph NB: for illustrave purposes only, do not scale from this drawing coach house north wing site N grid N B
[G11]
FP [G6] [G5] [G7] FP
[G10]
ovolo mouldings BD
?BD
kennel pendant B BW over [G3] [G4] [G2] stone steps
[G9] A
A A
enclosed yard [G1] [G8]
extension
0 1 5m Scale in metres, 1:100 @ A4 FP Scale in feet dairy extension 0 5 15. Inset: Original arrangements of Stair A lower flight (NTS)
service range RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 3: Ground Floor Plan NB: for illustrave purposes only, do not scale from this drawing site N coach house north wing grid N B
closestud paron
[F5] exposed [F7] [F8] FP [F6] W&D infill FP
[F4] FP chamfer stop
ovolo B ?BW mouldings orig. window (modified) ovolo mouldings [F3] stair stone steps [F2] A
A A pegholes for studwork ( f i t e d w a r o b s )
BW BW cupboard [F1]
brickwork infill
orig. window (modified) ?BW
0 1 5m brickwork infill Scale in metres, 1:100 @ A4 Scale in feet FP 0 5 15.
service range RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 4: First Floor Plan NB: for illustrave purposes only, do not scale from this drawing site N coach house north wing grid N TII TIII B A Y 1 B A Y 2 B B A Y 3
roofspace not accessible
[A5]
B [A1] balustrade removed
?paron [A3] B A Y 1
inserted 2ary splat stair upper flight balusters A TI A A
[A2] B A Y 2
0 1 5m Scale in metres, 1:100 @ A4 Scale in feet 0 5 15.
service range RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 5: Ac Plan NB: for illustrave purposes only, do not scale from this drawing
SOUTH NORTH
W&D infill W&D infill W&D infill
exposed W&D infill
[F7]
[G7]
0 1 3m Scale in metres, 1:50 @ A4 Scale in feet 0 5 10.
RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 7: Transverse crosssecon of main hall/parlour range at B-B NB: for illustrave purposes only, do not scale from this drawing
WEST EAST
cuto W&D original purlins secondary purlin
W&D
W&D in ll W&D in ll
0 1 3m Scale in metres, 1:50 @ A4 Scale in feet 0 5 10.
RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 6: Transverse crosssecon of service range at A-A handrail detail (secon at A-A)
A
A
b Finial detail (ac level)
rail morce
c Pendant detail (GF Level)
string morce
a Surviving secon of balustrade at GF level
0 50cm
RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 8: Carpentry details of former openwell stair A A
moulding profile at A-A
0 50cm
RIC TYLER Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire MCIfA PGCert. Arch. Hist (Oxf.) Figure 9: Detail of double-ovolo moulded door-frame PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 1: Maes-y-coed, contextual view looking south-west with associated farm ranges (NMRW PRN 420688) to right and Moel y Parc rising beyond.
Plate 2: Oblique view looking south-west, with principal, northern entrance façade to right, service range and single- story dairy extension to left.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 3: Oblique view looking north-west with service range to left (east elevation obscured by dairy extension) and east end of parlour/hall wing to right.
Plate 4: Oblique view looking north-east with service range to right and coach house to left.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 5: Massive, projecting stack to south gable end. Plate 6: Detail of moulded kneeler/ coped parapet to south gable end (compare Plate 33).
Plate 7: Windows to south end of west elevation. Plate 8: Primary window, partly blocked, visible in [ G9].
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 9: Kitchen [ G1] looking south-west. Plate 10: Modern range inserted into gable fireplace.
Plate 11: Axial passage [ G2] looking north. Plate 12: Room [ G4]; partly blocked door/window.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 13: Former doorway to north wall of [ G4]. Plate 14: Modified lower flight of stair A.
Plate 15: Primary stair balustrade exposed within [ G3]; Plate 16: Decoration to head of newel; finial lost at NB: mortices for orig. handrail/string (marked). this level (see Plate 26).
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 17: Blocked door to north wall [ G3]. Plate 18: Window lighting stair A.
Plate 19: Original stone window lintel with evidence for ovolo-moulded central mullion and diagonally set stanchions.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 20: Blocked window visible above extension [ G8]. Plate 21: Fireplace exposed to south wall of [ G1].
Plate 22: Room [ G1] looking south-west.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 23: Room [ G1]; cupboard inserted into Plate 24: Ogee-stop to west end of transverse ceiling original window opening. beam (1½ in. chamfer).
Plate 25: Continuation of Stair A (1F→attic). Note Plate 26: Stair A: details of baluster and finial. empty mortice formerly accepting handrail.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 27: Stair A; additional flight (foreground), inserted over area of former open-well.
Plate 28: Simple balustrade with ‘splat’ balusters to Plate 29: Truss TI visible within [ A3], looking south. eastern side of [ A1].
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 30: Truss TI visible within [ A2], looking north. NB. renewed roof structure (purlins/common rafters) throughout.
Plate 31: North façade of main wing with coach house extension to right.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 32: East gable end. Plate 33: Detail of moulded kneeler/ coped parapet to southern roofslope (compare Plate 6).
Plate 34: North elevation, detail of 6/6 sash window. Plate 35: North elevation, main door.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 36: Entrance passage [ G5] looking north. Plate 37: Entrance passage [ G5] looking south.
Plate 38: Passage [ G5]; 4-panel door to [ G6]. Plate 39: Passage [ G5]; 6-panel door to [ G7].
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 40: Double-ovolo moulded door to service range. Plate 41: Detail of chamfer stop to moulded door.
Plate 42: Room [ G6] looking north-west.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 43: Room [ G7] looking north-east.
Plate 44: 6/6 sash with folding shutters, room [ G6]. Plate 45: Transverse ceiling beam, room [ G7].
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 46: Double-ovolo moulded door between service Plate 47: D etail of ‘true’ -mitred door lintel. range and hall/parlour wing.
Plate 48: Room [ F6] looking north-west.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 49: Room [ F7] looking north-east . Plate 50: Stop detail to room [ F6] (compare Plate 41).
Plate 51: Fireplace surround within [ F6] ([ F7] similar). Plate 52: Tie-beam of TII at head of east wall of [ F6].
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 53: Room [ F7]; exposed studwork construction of transverse wall beneath cambered tie-beam of truss TIII.
Plate 54: Detail of wattle and daub infill panel. Plate 55: Truss TII visible from ceiling hatch over [ F4].
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 56: Wattle and daub infill beneath collar of TIII. Plate 57: Coach house, north elevation.
Plate 58: Coach house; west gable end. Plate 59: Coach house, south elevation (oblique) with external stair (over kennel).
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 2018-001(c) Maes-y-coed, Afon-wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
Plate 60: Refurbished coach house (ground floor). Plate 61: Refurbished coach house (first floor)
Plate 62: Room [ F8]; door at head of external stair. Plate 63: Room [ F8]; angle fireplace to SE corner.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Plates PN: 20182018----0000001(c)1(c) MaesMaes----yyyy----ccccoed,oed, Afon-Afon ---wen,wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
APPENDIX A : Project Design Brief (amended from 2016 document)
1. Project background
1.1. The Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group aims to identify, sample and date using dendrochronology, and record Tudor/Elizabethan buildings with suitable original timber. Volunteers undertake documentary research and the results are widely disseminated and deposited in regional Historic Environment Records (HERs) and Coflein. The copyright of all project reports and materials belong to the Group.
2. Site locations
The current phase of recording relates to five buildings; viz . Pwllhalog and Terfyn, Cwm, Denbighshire; Maes y Coed, Afonwen, Flintshire; Pentre Isaf, Bryneglwys and Cae’r-Afallen, Ruthin, Denbighshire. Only one of the buildings (Cae’r- Afallen) has successfully been dated using dendrochronology (in June 2014), the report on which is available via the Group’s website: www.discoveringoldwelshhouses.co.uk .
3. General Requirements
3.1. The building recording must be undertaken by an appropriately qualified individual or organisation, fully experienced in work of this character. Access to small awkward loft spaces may be necessary.
3.2. Contractors and sub-contractors are expected to i) conform to standard professional guidelines; ii) meet all Health and Safety requirements, including the Group’s risk assessments; iii) possess current adequate insurance cover.
3.3. If contingencies arise, such as the need for additional work to record unexpected and important features, the Secretary should be contacted immediately and before any additional work is undertaken.
3.4. Many people in North Wales speak Welsh as their first language, and many of the archive and documentary references are in Welsh. Contractors should therefore give due consideration to their ability to understand and converse in Welsh.
4. Building Detail Record of each building
4.1. The amount of recording required will depend on what has already been undertaken by RCAHMW or others. The aim is to provide sufficient information of the early historic features to identify their significance. Detailed recording will be reserved for components which have been dendro-dated during this Project. Because of the nature of the timber samples required (certain numbers of rings) it is likely that the timbers will be structural timbers and probably, mostly, roof trusses and ceiling/floor beams.
4.2. An important component of the dating programme will include a detailed, measured and drawn, record of the timbers dated and the position of sampling cores.
4.3. Particular attention should be paid to diagnostic features, detail and structure, as the association of dendrochronological dates with the shape or style of the timbers has the potential to contribu te to the development of a dated typology of such features.
In particular, attention should be paid to details such as:
i) the scale and positioning of collar beams and tie beams ii) the detail of major joints, for example, mortice and tenon, lap-joints, scarf joints
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Appendix A PN: 20182018----0000001(c)1(c) MaesMaes----yyyy----ccccoed,oed, Afon-Afon ---wen,wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
iii) the presence or otherwise of struts springing from collars or king-posts iv) the number and position of peg holes at joints and any re-pegging v) the presence, or indication, of panelling between the spaces of structural members of trusses (seen as grooves/dowel holes) vi) the presence of decorative features, such as cusping, bosses, chamfering and fancy stops; and mortices below collars, tie-beams or floor/ceiling beams to accommodate stud partitions vii) the presence, or indication (seen as mortices), of arched braces and wind braces; viii) that some collar beam trusses with arched braces exhibit an arched profile at the level of the collar - some are more pointed than others and this is likely to be a chronological feature ix) the number of purlins (distinguish between butt purlins and through-purlins with scarfed joints); re-cutting of purlin slots and positioning and re- pegging of joists could be an indication of a reset truss or a re-vamped roof.
4.4. The minimum requirement for recording of dendrochronologically-dated timbers should include:
4.4.1. Contextual informationinformation.
i) Brief description of the building from which the sample is taken. ii) Summary of period phases represented in the building. iii) Brief description of the relationship to other contemporary features and other relevant, non-contemporary features within the building. (Written description, preferably supplemented by sketch plans/elevations and/or photographs)
4.4.2. Detailed recording Structural features being dated require measured drawings, in elevation and cross section, including associated components. That is, if part of a truss is being dated, the complete truss should be recorded. Similarly, if a ceiling/floor beam is recorded, the style of chamfer/chamfer stops, cross section of beam and style and spacing of joists should be recorded.
4.4.3. Brief written statement of possible potential for future recording.
4.4.4. Photographs should be used not only to show the appearance of the building but also to record the evidence on which the analysis of its historic development is based. Each print should be clearly labelled with the subject, orientation and the date taken, and cross-referenced to its negative and or digital file.
4.4.5. If utilising digital technology, high resolution images (preferably in tiff. format) must be produced. These should be presented within the report as a hard copy and a compact disc must be included as an archive to accompany the report.
5. Time Scale
It is hoped that the building recording can take place very soon in February 2018, with further visits arranged with the owner of a building as necessary.
6. Reports
Reports for all buildings will be required by March 2018201 888 or before if possible.
7. Monitoring
The Project will be monitored by experienced members of the Group to ensure the fulfilment of the brief and specifications.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Appendix A PN: 20182018----0000001(c)1(c) MaesMaes----yyyy----ccccoed,oed, Afon-Afon ---wen,wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
8. Payment
8.1. Only a finite amount of money has been allocated to this aspect of the project. 8.2. Once the work has been satisfactorily completed, invoices, including VAT etc, should be sent to the Secretary.
9. Summary re Surveys & Reports:
1. Follow the attached RCAHME Recording Historic Buildings Specification. It has to be adjusted to for digital survey. Copies are available from Margaret Dunn. 2. The emphasis should be on SURVEY & DRAWINGS and PHOTOGRAPHY. By and large others cover the history and interpretation though sometimes detailed descriptions are needed. 3. A ground-floor plan is always needed, simplified first-floor plan with position of roof trusses and fireplaces, cross-sections with the key historic trusses; architectural detail. Location of samples if possible. 4. Photography – as RCAHME specification. 5. Each site is different and some have been recorded before. There will to be a different specification for each site. 6. Final report in digital format is essential with hard copies including plans at relevant scale, with summary: i) Description. ii) Ground-floor plan, roof plan, cross-section of historic trusses (= level 3); iii) Photography (= level 3.); iv) Final report in digital form and hard copy. 7. CopyrighCopyright: Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group. We have an agreement to put the report as PDF on Coflein RCAHMW’s on-line database as part of partnership. 8. Archive. Archive to be deposited in RCAHMW’s archive (National Monuments Record for Wales) as part of partnership.
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Appendix A PN: 20182018----0000001(c)1(c) MaesMaes----yyyy----ccccoed,oed, Afon-Afon ---wen,wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
APPENDIX B : Register of Project Drawings
NBNB: All site drawings were prepared in pencil on archivally stable drafting film at a scale of 1:50 or as appropriate.
Drg. No ... Subject Format Scale Date Recorder 2018-001(c) /001 Ground floor plan (1 of 2) A3 1:50 14.02.18 R Tyler 2018-001(c) /00 2 Ground floor plan (2 of 2) A3 1:50 14.02.18 R Tyler 2018-001(c) /00 3 First floor plan A3 1:50 14.02.18 R Tyler 2018-001(c) /00 4 Attic level plan A3 1:50 14.02.18 R Tyler 2018-001(c) /00 5 Coach House; Ground and first floor plans A3 1:50 14.02.18 R Tyler 2018-001(c) /00 6 Service and main range; transverse cross -sections A3 1:50 15.02.18 R Tyler 2018-001(c) /00 7 Details: Open well stair a nd double -ovolo moulded door frame A3 1:10/1:5 14.02.18 R Tyler
APPENDIX C : Register of Project Photographs
NBNB: All photographs taken with Nikon D3000 digital SLR camera, 10 mega-pixels. Photos marked with an asterix (****) are reproduced as plates within the current document (as numbered in column 2).
Photo No. Plate No. Subject Orientation Date Photographer DSC_0 451 Contextual, long view from north → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 452 Contextual, long view from north with associated farm buildings → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0453 *** 111 Contextual, long view from north with associated farm buildings → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 454 Farm ranges → SW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0455 Main range; principal, north elevation → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0456 *** 31 Main range; pr incipal, north elevation → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 457 Main range; principal, north elevation → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0459 Main range; north elevation, main door → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0460 *** 35 Main range; north elevation, main door (oblique) → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 462 Main range; north elevation, window detail → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0463 *** 34 Main range; north elevation, window detail → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0464 *** 57 Coach House, north elevation → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0465 Coach House, north elevation, upper window → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0466 *** 222 General view looking west → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0467 *** 32 Main range, east gable end → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0468 Eastern (dairy) extension; east elevation → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 469 333 General view looking north -west → NW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0470 *** 33 (crop) Main range, east gable; detail of raised parapet 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0471 Eastern (dairy) extension; south elevation → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 472 Eastern (dairy) exten sion; oblique view from south -east → NW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 473 Eastern (dairy) extension; door to south elevation → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0474 Service range; south elevation (oblique) → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0475 *** 555/6 (crop) Service range; south elevation (oblique) – projecting stack → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0476*DSC_0476 *** 444 General view looking north-east → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0477 *** 777 Service range; west elevation, south end → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 478 Service range; west elevation, south end window detail → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0479 Western lean-to; door detail → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 480 Western lean -to (oblique view) → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 481 Western lean -to and coach house → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0482DSC_0482**** 59 (crop) Coach house and main grange, west end (oblique) → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 483 Coach house; south elevation → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0484 Coach house; external stair flanking south elevation → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0485 *** 58 Coach house; west gable end → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 486 Coach house; west gable end, southern door → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0487 Coach house; west gable end, northern door → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 488 Coach house; west gable end, 1F window ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0489 *** 60 Coach house; [ G10 ] looking east → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0490 Coach house; [G10G10G10], tethering ring to east wall detail 15.02.18 R Tyler
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Appendix CCC PN: 20182018----0000001(c)1(c) MaesMaes----yyyy----ccccoed,oed, Afon-Afon ---wen,wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
DSC_0491 Coach house; [G11G11G11] looking east → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 492 Coach house ; [ G11 ] looking north -east → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 493 Coach house; [ G11 ] looking west → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0494 Coach house; [G10G10G10] looking west → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0495 *** 61 Coach house; [ F8 ] looking north -west → NW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0DSC_0496496*496 *** 62 Coach house; [F8F8F8], doorway to south wall → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0497 *** 63 Coach house; [ F8 ], angle fireplace to SE corner → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 498 Service range; [ G1 ] looking south -east → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0499*DSC_0499 *** 999 Service range; [GGGG1111] looking south-west → SW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0500 *** 10 Service range; [ G1 ], FP/ inserted range to south gable end → SW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 501 Service range; [ G1 ], cupboard to SE corner → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0502*DSC_0502 *** 11 Service range; passage [G2G2]G2 looking north → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 503 Service range; passage [ G2] looking south → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0504*DSC_0504 *** 40 Service range; passage [G2G2]G2 looking south with double-ovolo → S 15.02.18 R Tyler moulded door frame from [G5G5G5] DSC_0505 *** 41 Detail o f double -ovolo moulded door jamb with lower stop detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 506 Service range; 2 -panel door to [ G4 ] off passage [ G2 ] (west) → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 507 HL hinge to DSC_0506 detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0508 *** 13 Recess (former door?) to north side [ G4 ] → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0509 *** 12 Service range; [ G4 ] partly blocked orig. window to west wall → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0511 Detail of ‘Norfolk’ latch to 2-panel [G4G4G4] door detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0512 *** 888 Service range; partly bl ocked orig. window to west wall, from [ G9] → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 513 Service range; plank and baton door to [ G3 ] off [ G2 ] (east) → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0514 Service range; plank and baton door to [G3G3]G3 off [G2G2]G2 (east) → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_051 555*** 15 Service range; section of former open -well stair exposed within [ G3 ] → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 516 Service range; section of former open -well stair exposed within [ G3 ] detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0517 *** 16 Former open -well stair – newel detail deta il 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 518 Former open -well stair – realigned lower flight (from [ G3]) → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 519 Service range; section of former open -well stair exposed within [ G3 ] → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0520 Service range; section of former open-well stair exposed within [G3G3]G3 → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0521 *** 17 Service range; [ G3 ], former door (blocked) to north → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0522*DSC_0522 *** 14 Realigned lower flight of stair AAA looking east from [G2G2G2] → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0523 *** 36 Main range; room [ G5 ] looking north -east → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0524 *** 37 Main range; room [ G5 ] looking south → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0525*DSC_0525 *** 38 Main range; room [G5G5]G5 – 4-panel door to [G6G6G6] → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 526 Main range; room [ G6 ], 4 -panel door → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0527 *** 41 Main range; room [ G6 ] looking north -west → NW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0528 Main range; room [G6G6],G6 modified FP to west wall → SW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0529 *** 44 Main range; room [ G6 ], window detail → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC _0 530 Main range; room [ G5 ] – 6-panel door to [ GGG777] → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0531 *** 39 Main range; room [ GGG777], 6 -panel door → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0532 *** 43 Main range; room [ GGG777] looking north -east → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0533*DSC_0533 *** 45 Main range; room [GGGG7777]; detail of rendered transverse ceiling beam ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 534 Main range; room [ GGG777], 6 -panel door – HL hinge detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 535 Service range; original 2 -light window (modified) to east wall, stair AAA → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0536*DSC_0536 *** 18 Service range; original 2-light window (modified) to east wall, stair AAAA → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 537 Detail of DSC_0536 – top of former central mullion (ovolo moulded) ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0538 *** 19 Detail of DSC_0536 – top of former central mullion (ovolo moulded) ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler and related ‘diamond’ holes for iron standards DSC_0539 Service range; passage [F2F2F2] looking south → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 540 Service range; passage [ F2] looking south → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0541 *** 46 Service range; passage [ F2] looking north towards main range → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0542DSC_0542**** 47 Detail of double-ovolo moulded door frame [F2F2F2]/[[F4F4]F4 detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 543 Detail of lower stop to double -ovolo moulded door frame [ F2 ]/[[ F4] detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0544 *** 22 Service range; ro om [ F1 ] looking south -west → SW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0545DSC_0545**** 21 Service range; room [F1F1F1] – detail of FP to south gable end → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 546 Service range; room [ F1 ] - sash window inserted into original opening → SW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0548 *** 23 Service range; room [ F1 ] - cupboard inserted into original opening → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0549 *** 34 (crop) Service range; room [ F1 ] – stop -chamfered transverse ceiling beam ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 550 Service range; room [ F1 ], north wall → N 15.02. 18 R Tyler
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Appendix CCC PN: 20182018----0000001(c)1(c) MaesMaes----yyyy----ccccoed,oed, Afon-Afon ---wen,wen, Caerwys, Flintshire Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Architectural Record, 2018
DSC_0551 Service range; room [F1F1F1], fleur-de-lys strap-hinge to door detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 552 Service range; room [ F1 ] chamfer detail to tie beam over door detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 553 Main range; 2 -panel door to room [ F6 ] (off [F4]) → west 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0554*DSC_0554 *** 50 Door to [F6F6F6]; detail of lower chamfer stop detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0555 *** 48 Main range; room [ F6 ] looking north -west → NW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 556 Main range; room [ F6 ] looking south -west → SW 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0557 51 Main range; room [F6F6]F6 fireplace to west wall → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 558 Main range; room [ F6 ], east wall with cambered tie -beam of truss TII → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0559 *** 52 Main range; room [ F6 ], east wall with cambered tie -beam of truss TII → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0560*DSC_0560 *** 49 Main range; room [FFFF7777] looking north → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 561 Main range; room [ FFF777] fireplace to east wall → SE 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0562 *** 53 Main range; room [ FFF777] west wall with close -studding beneat h → W 15.02.18 R Tyler cambered tie -beam of truss TTTII III DSC_0563 *** 54 Detail of exposed W&D infill panel between close -studding of west detail 15.02.18 R Tyler wall DSC_0 564 Upper flight of stair AAA rising 1F → attic level → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0565*DSC_0565 *** 2225 2 555 Section of C17th balustrade, stair A – attic level → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 566 Section of C17th balustrade, stair A – attic level → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0567 *** 27 Section of C17th balustrade, stair A – attic level → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 568 St air AAA; truncated string detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0569 *** 26 (crop) Stair AAA; detail of moulded balusters detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 570 Stair AAA; detail of moulded balusters detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0571*DSC_0571 *** 26 (crop) Stair AAA;A detail of decorative newel finial detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 572 Stair AAA; detail of decorative newel finial detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 573 Service range; landing [ A1 ] looking north → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0574*DSC_0574 *** 30 Service range; room [AAAA2222] looking north to truss TI → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 575 Service range; room [ AAA222] looking north to truss TI (west) → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 576 Service range; room [ AAA222] looking north to truss TI (ea st) → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 577 Service range; renewed side -purlins (western roof slope) detail 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 578 Service range; ridge purlin replaced by plank -section ridge -piece ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0579 *** 29 Service range; truss TI visible from [ A3 ] looking south → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 580 Service range; upper sectio n of stair AAA ↓ 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0581 *** 28 Service range; balustrade to east side of landing [ A1 ] → W 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 582 Service range; additional flight inserted into former open -well of stair → NW 15.02.18 R Tyler AAA DSC_0 583 Main range; roo fspace looking west from ceiling hatch over [ F4 ], → W 15.02.18 R Tyler including upper part of truss TII (landscape) DSC_0 584 Main range; roofspace looking west from ceiling hatch over [ F4 ], → W 15.02.18 R Tyl er including upper part of truss TII (portrait) DSC_0586*DSC_0586 *** 56 Main range; wattle and daub infill beneath tie level of truss TIII → E 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 587 Main range; roofspace looking north -east from ceiling hatch over → NE 15.02.18 R Tyler [F4F4F4], including upper part of truss TI DSC_0588*DSC_0588 *** 55 Main range; roofspace looking west from ceiling hatch over [F4F4],F4 → W 15.02.18 R Tyler including upper part of truss TII (portrait) DSC_0 589 Service range, eastern (dairy) extension (room [ G8 ]) looking north → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 590 Service range, eastern (dairy) extension (room [ G8 ]) looking south → S 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0591 Roofspace over [G8G8]G8 from ceiling hatch at south end, looking north → N 15.02.18 R Tyler DSC_0 592 Former 1F, 2 -light stone -mullioned window in east wall of service ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler range, visible within roofspace over [G8G8G8] DSC_0593DSC_0593**** 20 Former 1F, 2-light stone-mullioned window in east wall of service ↑ 15.02.18 R Tyler range, visible within roofspace over [ G8 ]
RIC TYLER MCI fA A report commissioned by the Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group in collaboration with PGCert. Arch. Hist. (Oxf.) The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW) Appendix CCC