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Workshop on the Microstructure of the Martian Surface Program and Abstract Volume LPI Contribution No. 1505 i WORKSHOP ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE MARTIAN SURFACE August 27–29, 2009 University of Copenhagen, Denmark Sponsors Lunar and Planetary Institute Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen Scientific Organizing Committee Thomas Pike Imperial College Michael Hecht Jet Propulsion Laboratory Urs Staufer University of Neuchatel Walter Goetz Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) Janice Bishop SETI Institute Morten Bo Madsen University of Copenhagen Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113 LPI Contribution No. 1505 ii Compiled in 2009 by LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE The Lunar and Planetary Institute is operated by the Universities Space Research Association under a cooperative agreement with the Science Mission Directorate of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this volume are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Material in this volume may be copied without restraint for library, abstract service, education, or personal research purposes; however, republication of any paper or portion thereof requires the written permission of the authors as well as the appropriate acknowledgment of this publication. Abstracts in this volume may be cited as Author A. B. (2009) Title of abstract. In Workshop on the Microstructure of the Martian Surface, p. XX. LPI Contribution No. 1505, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston. This volume is distributed by ORDER DEPARTMENT Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113, USA Phone: 281-486-2172 Fax: 281-486-2186 E-mail: [email protected] A limited number of copies are available for the cost of shipping and handling. Visit the LPI Online Store at https://www.lpi.usra.edu/store/products.cfm. ISSN No. 0161-5297 iii Preface This volume contains abstracts that have been accepted for presentation at the Workshop on the Microstructure of the Martian Surface, August 27–29, 2009, Copenhagen, Denmark. Administration and publications support for this meeting were provided by the staff of the Publications and Program Services Department at the Lunar and Planetary Institute. Logistics and organizational support for this meeting were provided by Frankie Kolb and Peter Smith, Lunar & Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Hanna Sykulska- Lawrence, Imperial College, London, Anni Pallesen, Jannis Bouchikas, Kjartan M. Kinch, Kristoffer Leer, Mads Højsgaard and Steen Roswall, Earth and Planetary Physics, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen. Jens Vellev, archaeologist from Aarhus University, guided our field trip to Hven where he showed us the location of the paper mill of Tycho Brahe and told us about the person Tycho Brahe and some of the many projects he conducted on Hven. Financial support was provided by the Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation, the Research Council for Natural Sciences, through the grant “Phoenix surface operations. Interactions between dust, atmosphere and surface in the north polar region on Mars. Search for habitable zones on Mars”, Agency reference number: 272-07-0585. iv v Contents Program ................................................................................................................................................................ vii In Situ Nanometre Imaging of Cometary Dust with the MIDAS Atomic Force Microscope M. S. Bentley, K. Torkar, H. Jeszenszky, J. Romstedt, and J. van de Biezen ............................................ 1 Characterizing the Aqueous Materials Identified by CRISM on Mars through Analysis of Terrestrial Analog Sites J. L. Bishop ............................................................................................................................................... 3 The MArs Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) aboard the Mars Rover, Curiosity K. S. Edgett, M. A. Ravine, M. A. Caplinger, F. T. Ghaemi, J. A. Schaffner, M. C. Malin, J. M. Baker, D. R. DiBiase, J. Laramee, J. N. Maki, R. G. Willson, J. F. Bell III, J. F. Cameron, W. E. Dietrich, L. J. Edwards, B. Hallet, K. E. Herkenhoff, E. Heydari, L. C. Kah, M. T. Lemmon, M. E. Minitti, T. S. Olson, T. J. Parker, S. K. Rowland, J. Schieber, R. J. Sullivan, D. Y. Sumner, P. C. Thomas, and R. A. Yingst 5 Interdisciplinary Preparation Phase for Future Mars Missions P. Ehrenfreund ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Different Types of Phoenix Soil Particles as Inferred from Microscopic Color Images W. Goetz, T. W. Pike, M. H. Hecht, U. Staufer, H. Sykulska, S. Vijendran, D. Parrat, M. B. Madsen, L. Drube, K. Leer, and H. U. Keller ................................................................................. 9 Phoenix, MECA, and the Microstructure of Martian Soil M. H. Hecht and the MECA team ........................................................................................................... 11 Dust Eruptions on Mars by Temperature Gradient Induced Forces T. Kelling, G. Wurm, D. Reiss, M. Kocifaj, J. Klacka, and J. Teiser...................................................... 13 Soils at Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum G. Klingelhöfer, I. Fleischer, R.V. Morris, and the MIMOS II team ...................................................... 15 Possible Role of Green Rust in the Martian Environment (TBC) C. Bender Koch ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Magnetic Properties of Particles at the Phoenix Landing Site K. Leer, L. Drube, M. B. Madsen, W. Goetz, W. T. Pike, H. Sykulska, and M. H. Hecht ....................... 19 Capabilities of the MicrOmega Optical and NIR Microscope onboard ExoMars B. Luethi, N. Thomas, and J.-P. Bibring ................................................................................................ 21 Wind Driven Grain Transport on Mars J. P. Merrison, M. B. Madsen, C. Holstein-Rathlou, H. P. Gunnlaugsson, P. Nørnberg, and K. R. Rasmussen ........................................................................................................ 23 A New Danish Mars Simulation Wind Tunnel P. Nørnberg, J. P. Merrison, and H. P. Gunnlaugsson .......................................................................... 25 Instrument Driven Operation Constraints for the AFM D. Parrat, U. Staufer, S. Gautsch, J-M. Morookian, M. Hecht, S. Vijendran, H. Sykulska, W.T. Pike ........................................................................................................................... 27 On the Models of Size Distributions of Martian Micro- and Megastructures N. I. Perov .............................................................................................................................................. 29 vi Combining the Phoenix OM and AFM data to extract a particle size distribution of the Phoenix soil W.T. Pike, H. Sykulska, S. Vijendran, E. Hemmig, D. Parrat, U. Staufer, W. Goetz, and M. H. Hecht ..................................................................................................................................... 31 Observations of Dust Devils in Very Low-Pressure Environments on Arsia Mons, Mars D. Reiss, T. Kelling, D. Lüsebrink, H. Hiesinger, G. Wurm, and J. Teiser ............................................ 33 Design of Illuminators and Extension of Spectral Range for In-Situ Microscopic Imagers R. G. Sellar, J. D. Farmer, J. I. Nunez, and P. B. Gardner .................................................................... 35 AFM Measurements of Martian Soil Particles U. Staufer, D. Parrat, S. Gautsch, J.-M. Morookian, M. H. Hecht, S. Vijendran, H. Sykulska, and W. T. Pike ................................................................................................................... 37 What can we interpret from Carbonate Minerals on Mars? S. L. S. Stipp ........................................................................................................................................... 39 An Overview of OM and AFM Data Acquisition by the MECA Instrument on Phoenix H. Sykulska, W. T. Pike, U. Staufer, D. Parrat, W. Goetz, S. Vijendran, J.-M. Morookian, and M. Hecht ............................................................................................................. 41 Corrosion Morphologies of Naturally Weathered Terrestrial Pyroxene: Implications for Preliminary Results from the Mars Phoenix Lander Atomic Force Microscope M. A. Velbel and A. I. Losiak .................................................................................................................. 43 vii Program Thursday, August 27, 2009 WELCOME 1020 1020 Madsen M. B. * Welcome 1030 Goetz W.* Aims of Workshop THE PHOENIX MICROSCOPY STATION AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS 1050 1050 Hecht M.* Phoenix, MECA, and the Composition of the Martian Soil 1120 Sykulska H. * An Overview of OM and AFM Data Acquisition by the MECA Instrument on Phoenix 1140 Parrat D. * Instrument Driven Operation Constraints for the AFM 1200 LUNCH 1300 Goetz W. * Different Types of Phoenix Soil Particles as Inferred from Microscopic Color Images 1330 Staufer U. * AFM Measurements of Martian Soil Particles 1400 Pike T. * Combining the Phoenix OM and AFM data to extract a particle size distribution of the Phoenix soil 1430 Leer K.* Magnetic Properties of
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