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October 1997 VOLUME 38 OCTOBER 1997 CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS VOLUME 38 January 1 to December 31, 1996 Cooperating Agencies: CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE CALCOFI COORDINATOR George Hemingway EDITOR Julie Olfe This report is not copyrighted, except where otherwise indicated, and may be reproduced in other publications provided credit is given to the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations and to the author(s). Inquiries concerning this report should be addressed to CalCOFl Coordinator, Univer- sity of California, San Diego, Marine Life Research Group, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0227. EDITORIAL BOARD Doyle Hanan Michael Mullin Michael Tillman Published October 1997, La Jolla, California ISSN 0575-33 17 CalCOFl Rep., Vol. 38, 1997 CONTENTS I. Reports, Review, and Publications Report of the CalCOFI Committee ................................................... 5 Review of Some California Fisheries for 1996 ............................................ 7 The State of the California Current, 1996-1997: Mixed Signals from the Tropics. Franklin B. Schwiy, TIzonzas L. Hayward, Keith M. Sakuma, Toni Murphree, Aforiso S. MascarenasJiT., Seyio I. Lavios Castillo, Avnold W Mantyla, Sherry L. Cunmitigs, Fvaricisco I? Chavez, Kenneth Baltz, and David G. Ainley .................... 22 Publications ................................................................... 49 11. Symposium of the CalCOFI Conference, 1996 THE 1996 HAKE SYMPOSIUM ................................................... 51 Geographic Variation in the Diet of Pacific Hake, with a Note on Cannibalism. Eoy W Buckley and Patricia A. Livingstori ............................................ .53 Growth and Cohort Dynamics of Larval Pacific Hake (Merluccius productus). John L. Butleu arid Robert A! NisIiinioto ........................................................ .63 Relation of Mean Growth Rate to Concentration of Prey-Sized Particles for Larvae of Pacific Hake (Merluccius pvoductus). Shannon L. Cuss-Calay .............................. .69 Mesoscale Fishing Patterns of Factory Trawlers in the Pacific Hake (Merluccius productus) Fishery. Martin W Dorn ........................................................ .77 Space and Tinie Scales in Pacific Hake Recruitment Processes: Latitudinal Variation over Annual Cycles. John K. Horrze and Paul E. Smith ................................... .90 Using a Restricted Adaptive Cluster Sampling to Estimate Pacific Hake Larval Abundance. Nancy C. H. Lo, David Gr@th, andJoliri R. Huriteu .................................... ,103 Fecundity of Pacific Hake (Merluccins productus) for Three Stocks off the West Coast of North America. Gordon A. McFarlane and Mark W Saiinders ............................ .114 Vertical Distribution of Pacific Hake Eggs in Relation to Stage of Development and Temperature. H. Geofuey Moser, Nancy C. H. Lo, and Paul E. Smith ........................ ,120 Vertical Distributions of Zooplankton and Larvae of the Pacific Hake (Whiting), Mevluccius pvoductus, in the California Current System. Michael M. Midin and Sharinon L. Cars-Calay ........................................................ ,127 Vertical and Horizontal Distribution of Juvenile Pacific Whiting (Merluccius pvoductus) in Relation to Hydrography off California. Keith M. Sakuma and Stephen Ralston ............... .137 Observations on the Spawning Distribution and Biology of Offshore Pacific Hake (Meuluccius productus). Mark W Sauuders and Gordon A.McFarlane .......................... ,147 III. Scientific Contributions Sedimentation Patterns of Diatoms, Radiolarians, and Silicoflagellates in Santa Barbara Basin,California. Carina B. Lunge, Amy L. Weinheimer, Freda M. H. Reid, and Robert C. Thunell ........................................................... ,161 Spawning Biomass of the Northern Anchovy (Engraulis movdax) in the Gulf of California during 1991. Celia Eva Cotero-Altamirario and Yaniva Green-Ruiz ........................... .171 Inshore Soft-Bottom Fishes of Two Coastal Lagoons on the Northern Pacific Coast of Baja California. Jo~eA. Rosales-Casihn ............................................ ,180 Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Zooplankton Biomass in Monterey Bay, California, during the 1991-1993 El Nifio, and an Assessment of the Sanipling Design. Chevyl L. Baduini ........................................................... .193 Instructions to Authors .............................................................. 200 CalCOFl Basic Station Plan ................................................. inside back cover Indexed in Curvent Contents. Abstracted in Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts and Oceanic Abstracts. COMMlllEE REPORT CalCOFl Rep., Vol. 38, 1997 Part I REPORTS, REVIEW, AND PUBLICATIONS REPORT OF THE CALCOFI COMMITTEE In April 1997 CalCOFI celebrated its three hundredth the United States and Mexico. Thus a community of in- cruise in the California Current. This number includes terest, speaking a common scientific language, has de- neither the countless other cruises and expeditions in- veloped through several decades of transborder spired by the CalCOFI program nor the annual fisheries cooperation and education through the efforts of the cruises to sample eggs and fish larvae along the coast of CalCOFI member agencies and Mexican fisheries agen- the Californias. Researchers on the April 1997 cruise cies (cf. Cotero-Altamirano and Green-Ruiz). The man- sampled a portion of the sampling grid first established agement of coastal lagoons and estuaries as nurseries in 1949. That first sampling program has been modified for fishes is an important matter to both nations, and re- over time to incorporate new technologies and to an- quires a common understanding of methods of mea- swer questions that have arisen since the program began. surement and analysis. Rosales-Casiin collaborated with Owing to reductions in funding and modified priori- CalCOFI agencies in his research on two estuaries in ties, the locations sampled today are a subset of those Baja California. sampled at the outset. But the underlying scientific ques- Selected papers from last year’s CalCOFI sympo- tion that drives the program has remained constant: sium on the biology of the Pacific hake (Merlucciur pro- “What are the causes of changes in populations, over ductus) and related species worldwide constitute a valuable time, of commercially important fishes in California’s collection of contributions to our understanding of these coastal waters?” The constancy of the program has pro- commercially important species. duced perhaps the largest, most robust multivariate During the past year, scientists of the National Marine marine fisheries database in the world. Scientists and pol- Fisheries Service (NMFS), the California Department icymakers all over the world refer to these data: during of Fish and Game (CDFG), and the Scripps Institution 18 months of operation, the CalCOFI Web pages have of Oceanography have collaborated in several cruises. In received over 25,000 hits from private industries, private autumn of 1996, the new research vessel Roger Revelle scientific research laboratories, U.S. government agen- was inaugurated into the service of the University of cies, state agencies, and universities around the world. California with a CalCOFI cruise. Instruments designed Many of these organizations manifest a pattern that sug- for use on the NOAA ship David Starrjordan and the gests serious data use. UC vessel New Horizon were successfully adapted for use Over the years, CalCOFI’s researchers have demon- on the Revelle. The ship’s extra capacity resulted in in- strated that episodic atmospheric and oceanic events sig- creased participation from ancillary, extramurally funded nificantly affect the biology of the California Current. programs whose researchers have become regular par- The paper by Schwing et al. discusses the events and ticipants on CalCOFI cruises. trends of the last year in the California Current from a CalCOFI scientists are constantly seeking new meth- perspective that is both interdisciplinary and global. ods of collecting data to optimize information gather- Baduini discusses how such episodes affect the food chain ing. A fish egg-pumping device has been incorporated in Monterey Bay. into the routine underway operations of the cruises. Disciplines not normally associated with fishery Preliminary studies have shown exciting mesoscale re- oceanography in the strictest sense are often brought to lations between physical properties and fish eggs. The bear in the open intellectual climate of CalCOFI. An system has been tested on several NOAA cruises, and a example in this volume is the work by Lange et al., similar system has been sent to South Africa for studies which, together with other studies of local anaerobic in the Benguela Current. In addition, NMFS and CDFG, basins, helps us to understand how annual layers of sed- together with NOAA’s Office of Oceanic and Atmos- iment are deposited, and to expand our scope of inquiry pheric Research, have tested airborne lidar (laser imag- backward in time through several centuries. ing) for detecting pelagic fish schools. A CDFG aircraft The commercially important species of fishes in the collected lidar data while an NMFS vessel collected Cahfornia Current must be managed by agencies
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