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Home , Baron Baltimore, Battle of the Severn, Leonard Calvert, Lionel Copley, Maryland Day, Seal of Maryland

THE VOLUME 45 WINTER NO. 1 COLONIAL 2018-2019 WARRIOR Governor’s Letter Dear Maryland Warriors: of in the King- The Society of Colonial dom of and abso- Wars in the State of Mary- lute Lord and Proprietary land held it first plenary of the Provinces of Mary- meeting on the feast of land and Avalon in Saint Cecilia – November 22 America,” who “estab- – in 1893, to celebrate the lished in the Palatine of 260th anniversary of the de- Maryland for the first time parture from of in the English speaking Maryland’s first colonists world freedom of religious on and the Dove. worship according to any This year’s Saint Cecilia’s Christian form and the Day therefore marks the Separation of Church and 125th anniversary of our State.” Society and 385th since our The freedom of reli- progenitors left Cowes. As gion was indeed a primary Vergil said of Rome: Governor Mortimer Sellers concern of Lord Baltimore, “Multa quoque et bello whose formal written in- passus dum conderet structions directed his urbem.” (“It took a lot of sweat and proaches we have acquired and re- brother and Maryland’s first gover- blood to build our beautiful repub- stored the bronze model for the nor, , to “be very lic.”) statue of Cecil Calvert that the So- careful to preserve unity and The simple act of trying to name ciety of Colonial Wars erected in peace” amongst all the colonists, to our Society’s “quasquicentennial” front of the Baltimore City Court- “suffer no scandal nor offense to be gathering illustrates the limited house in 1908, and which stands given” on account of religion, and grandeur of our accomplishment, there still, admired every day by all to treat all Christian sects with “as but it is notable that the length of who enter and leave our public much mildness and favor as Justice our corporate existence now nearly halls of justice. The design, casting, will permit.” This charge “to do matches that of the colonial period and installation of Calvert’s statue justice to every man without par- we celebrate. The founders of remains one of the signal accom- tiality” remained and remains the Maryland built so much of lasting plishments of our Society, and we watchword of Maryland, though value in so little time that we can have commissioned smaller bronze time has softened Calvert’s accom- never aspire to match their replicas to mark our celebration. panying strictures against achievements. At best, we can per- The carefully worded inscrip- and Virginians, concerning whom petuate the memory and accom- tion that our predecessors set on he warned we should have “as plishments of those who assisted in the plinth of Calvert’s statue edu- little to do with them as you can.” the creation and defense of Mary- cates the judges, lawyers, and citi- Calvert and his contemporaries land in her formative years. zens of Baltimore without exces- saw a striking parallel in the rela- This makes it particularly appro- sive exaggeration in the ideals of tionship of Virginia and Maryland priate that as our anniversary ap- “Cecilius Calvert, Continued on page 9 Page 2—The Maryland Colonial Warrior New Members’ Certificate By George Allen Hughes and that the new certificate should in- William Holland Wilmer III clude a brief description of the So- Last spring, Registrar Alfred ciety and its work. Gundry suggested that the Council Incorporating the new and su- of the Society of Colonial Wars in perb SCWMD emblem developed the State of Maryland (SCWMD) is- by Warrior Peter Janney Schwab, sue to new members a certificate and with the generous assistance of similar to one he received when he Governor Sellers and Warrior Jef- joined another hereditary society. frey Scott Watkins, the certificate A review of several hereditary so- that appears herewith was ap- cieties showed that at least four of proved by the Council at the Octo- the larger ones issue such member- ber meeting. ship certificates. Gov- ernor Sellers tasked the Installation Com- mittee with providing options to the Council. As the General Soci- ety can provide an elaborate certificate for about $70 in about four weeks, it was agreed that SCWMD should design a certificate that can be produced quickly and at a lower cost. It was also agreed

THE MARYLAND COLONIAL WARRIOR is published by the Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Maryland

Mortimer N.S. Sellers Governor

Designed and printed by H./A. Heritage Publications, Inc. 410-391-2572 / e-mail: [email protected] A presentation of the colors precedes the installation of new members at the Spring Assembly The Maryland Colonial Warrior—Page 3 Historic Projects By Worthington Peter Pearre the similar restoration/conserva- Yellow Flagg 24 feet long and 16 The preamble of the Society of tion of the matching portrait of feet broad with the Union in One Colonial Wars begins with the fol- King Charles I. Corner.” lowing words: “Whereas, it is de- A grant was made to the Friends The third grant went to the His- sirable that there should be ad- of Fort Frederick to spearhead a torical Society of Gibson Island to equate celebrations commemora- campaign to erect a historically cor- continue our financial assistance tive of the events of Colonial his- rect flagpole tall enough to display with the ongoing archaeological in- tory which took place within the a correctly sized replica of Gover- vestigation of a 17th century build- period beginning with the settle- nor 's flag, which ing site. The dig is being conducted ment of Jamestown, Virginia, May was commissioned in 1755. At that by the Lost Towns Project of Anne 13, 1607, and preceding the battle time, it was described as “a Black & Arundel County. of Lexington, April 19, 1775; there- fore, The Society of Colonial Wars is instituted to perpetuate the memory of those events.” The purpose of the Historic Projects Committee is to help fulfill the pledge expressed in those words for the Society of Colonial Wars in the State of Maryland. The Committee makes recommenda- tions to the Council for funding worthy projects related to the pe- riod 1607–1775. The Council makes the final decision. Each project re- ceives an additional grant from the General Society. Past projects that have received funding in the name of our Society have ranged from the erection of a marble tablet in the nave of St. Giles-in-the-Fields in London in memory of Cecilius Calvert to the dendrochronology of the Beatty- Cramer House in Frederick County for determining its date of con- struction. This year the Society partici- pated in the funding of three projects. We completed our two consecu- tive-year grants to the Friends of Two views of Fort Frederick the Maryland Archives for the res- toration/conservation of the por- trait of Queen Henrietta Maria, for whom our State was named. The work has been completed, and the portrait will be returned to the State House in the near future. Our funding provided the impetus for Page 4—The Maryland Colonial Warrior A New Emblem for Our Society not include the red and white century was the “black and yel- Crossland Arms. The Crossland low” Calvert Banner. Maryland’s Arms represents the maternal side current state flag consists of both of the Calvert family and was not the Calvert and Crossland Arms generally used by the Colony or quartered, officially adopted by the known to its inhabitants. Our new General Assembly of Maryland in emblem highlights the Arms of 1904. , first Baron (Lord) In his booklet “Flags and Seals of Baltimore, in “black and yellow” Maryland and the United States” (in , these colors are desig- (1975), our Society’s former Gover- nated “Sable and Or”). Calvert was nor Frederick T. Wehr refers to the granted this in 1625 as Calvert Banner, stating that a reward for service by King James “Leonard Calvert carried it when I, and it was Maryland’s recog- he fought the Virginians at Kent Is- nized symbol during the colonial land in 1637” and “Again in 1655 at period. The shilling and arms illus- the the ‘black By Peter Janney Schwab trations below demonstrate this. and yellow’ was displayed. Refer- At its October 4, 2018 meeting, It is of interest to note that Mary- ences of the same flag appear in the the Council of the Society of Colo- land also adopted and used two records for 1741 and 1750.” nial Wars in the State of Maryland other Great Seals during the colo- (SCWMD) enthusiastically adopted nial period, which featured the a new alternative graphic emblem Royal Cyphers of William and for the Society’s use. The reasons Mary (1692) and Queen Anne for adopting the new emblem are (1706). threefold: to provide a strong, new image that appeals to new mem- bers; to provide a colorful alterna- tive design to the original, all-red seal; and to incorporate authentic symbols relevant to Maryland’s co- The Union Flag 1606 / 1707 lonial military heritage that were actually used by Maryland’s Colo- On April 12, 1606, the National nial Era warriors. Flags of Scotland and England The original red seal features the were united for use at sea. A royal quartered Calvert and Crossland decree declared that the ships of Arms taken from the 1634-48 Great the Kingdom of "shall The Calvert Arms Banner . This will remain bear on their maintops the red our Society’s official historic seal. The original flag representing cross, commonly called St. Our new emblem, however, does the Colony of Maryland in the 17th George’s cross, and the white cross, commonly called St. Andrew’s cross.” The Royal Navy christened the British flag "The Union." The Act of Union of 1707 joined En- gland and Scotland together, creat- ing a single kingdom with a single Parliament called United Kingdom Lord Baltimore Calvert of Great Britain. The Union Flag Crownstone with Arms, Title Page of thus became the national flag of 1659 Maryland Colonial Shilling Maryland Session Laws Calvert Arms on 1726-1760 (Maryland the Mason-Dixon Great Britain. State Archives) Line Continued on page 5 The Maryland Colonial Warrior—Page 5

Continued from page 4 also depicted on the seal of our obituary appears on page 4.) The Society’s silver punch bowl. motto Fortiter Pro Patria (“Bravely for their Country”) comes from the Two Arrows General Society Seal. The punch George Calvert received a Char- bowl’s oval seal design was the in- ter from King Charles I for the new spiration for our new emblem de- colony of Maryland, to be named sign, which also includes two con- for the King’s wife, Henrietta centric dotted oval borders. Maria. Lord Baltimore’s fee for the New Emblem Charter, which was legally a rental of the land from the King, was one- Our new emblem incorporates Maryland’s French fifth of all gold and silver found relevant symbols in a design like a and Indian War Flag and the delivery of two Native coat of arms. It is oval, with two On August 6, 1755 (after American arrows to the royal castle concentric dotted oval borders. It is Braddock’s defeat at the Battle of at Windsor every Easter. topped by St. Edward’s Crown. the Monongahela), Governor The English-style shield incorpo- 1607, 1634, and 1775 Horatio Sharpe ordered “a Black & rates the Calvert Arms, and the Yellow Flagg 24 feet long and 16 The dates at the bottom of the upper left quarter includes the feet broad with the Union in One new SCWMD emblem are: 1607 Union Flag (in a square shape). Corner” from London. In the 18th (landing at , founding This design recreates Maryland’s century, the British regimental of Virginia); 1634 (landing at St. Flag, thus flags all had the Union Flag in the Clement’s Island, founding of embracing the symbology of all of canton in a square (not rectangular) Maryland); and 1775 (Battles of Maryland’s colonial war flags in shape. Lexington and Concord, end of the one design. Two crossed arrows Colonial Era). The red stars are de- above the shield pay tribute to rived from General Society Seal. Maryland’s native peoples and re- call Lord Baltimore’s yearly pay- Silver Punch Bowl ments to the King. The text “Soci- The Society’s silver punch bowl ety of Colonial Wars in the State of was made by our recently deceased Maryland” surrounds the shield, member Henry P. Hopkins, Jr., a and the pivotal dates of 1607, 1634, noted Baltimore silversmith. (His and 1775 appear at the bottom, punctuated by red stars.

St. Edward’s Crown St Edward’s Crown has been tra- ditionally used to crown English and British monarchs at their coro- nations since the 13th century. The original, medieval crown was melted down by the Parliamentar- ians during ’s rule. The present version of St Edward’s Crown was made for Charles II in 1661 and was used until 1689, but not again until 1911, and from then until today. This crown is depicted on the seal of the General Society as well as the Gen- eral Society Insignia (medal). It is Maryland Society Silver Punch Bowl Seal Page 6—The Maryland Colonial Warrior Propositus Prolificus: Colonel Edward Dorsey– Shipwright, Soldier, Statesman

By Jeffrey Scott Watkins more, Charles Calvert, in 1664. Like would host secret meetings in his In 1658 Maryland had its own his father before him, Colonel Ed- Annapolis home, according to re- coinage. On one side was the bust ward listed himself as a ship- ports from Colonel Nicholas of the Colony’s founder. On the re- wright. Greenbury to Sir , the verse side appear his arms and the In 1670 Colonel Dorsey married Governor of the Province. Dorsey inscription “Benedixitique illis Sarah Wyatt, the daughter of a was also a loyal of the Deus, et ait: CRESCITE: ET wealthy planter, Colonel Nicholas Calverts and proved his apprecia- MVLTIPLICAMINI” (“And God Wyatt, Gentleman. They produced tion and support by endorsing a blessed them and said, ‘Be fruitful a family of eight children. After petition to the “Most Gracious Maj- and multiply and fill the earth’”). Sarah’s passing in 1690, Dorsey esty King William III.” The 1689 Was this passage from Genesis petition supported the deposed meant to inspire early Maryland- third Lord Baltimore, Charles ers? It certainly must have had an Calvert, whose propriety powers impact on Edward Dorsey. No had been stripped as a result of propositus in the Society of Colo- his Catholicism and the Glorious nial Wars in the State of Mary- Revolution. In 1694 Dorsey be- land has more descendant came a member of the General members than Colonel Ed- Assembly and represented ward Dorsey of Hockley. both Anne Arundel and Bal- Most of the original families timore Counties. He settled that settled in Anne Arundel the boundary dispute be- County—the Worthington, tween the two counties. He Warfield, Ridgely, Green- was also made Keeper of the bury, Norwood, Howard, Great Seal of Maryland in Hammond, Cockey, Owings, 1695. Stockett, Shipley, DuVall, Elder His training as a shipwright families and others too numerous helped him in his service on sev- to list—intermarried with the eral commissions laying out ports Colonel’s children, grandchildren, in Anne Arundel County. He was and great grandchildren. also involved in building the Colonel Edward Dorsey (c. 1644 Courts and Assembly of the Prov- – 1705) was born in lower Norfolk married Margaret Larkin and fa- ince and in keeping the records of County, Virginia to Edward thered five more children. the Secretary’s office. Dorsey won Dorsey, a shipwright, and his wife His military and political careers the contract to erect the first St. Anne. Many families of Anne were as prolific as his family life. In Anne’s Church in Annapolis in Arundel County have origins in 1679 he was made a Justice of the 1696. Like most contractors, he was Virginia. As Non-Conformists, Pu- Peace for Anne Arundel County late getting the job the done and ritans, and Quakers, Maryland’s and a Gentleman Justice of the was fined by the Assembly. When liberal policy on religion embodied Quorum. As he rose in politics, his the State House was destroyed by in the Toleration Act of 1649 of- rank in the militia followed. In fire in 1704, the General Assembly fered a future for them. When Ed- 1686, he styled himself as Captain rented a house from Colonel ward Dorsey the shipwright Edward Dorsey of His Lordship’s Dorsey to continue its sessions. He drowned off , Colonel Army. He would rise to Major and was one of the first subscribers to Edward Dorsey along with his two later to Colonel of the Horse, as the fund the King William School, the brothers Joshua and John were militia unit was known. In his poli- first free school in the Maryland. granted 400 acres of Hockley-in- tics he was a Jacobite, a strong sup- He was made trustee of the system the-Hole by the third Lord Balti- porter of the House of Stuart, and Continued on page 9 The Maryland Colonial Warrior—Page 7 Events Committee – At Work for You! By Walter Byrd Mitchell number of subscribers, who enjoy when we have co-hosted a dinner The Events Committee of the So- an equally respectable portion of dance with the ladies, our expenses ciety of Colonial Wars in the State South River Club Punch. have exceeded $50,000. With a of Maryland (SCWMD) is com- In certain years, the Society or- keen eye on the budget, we seek to posed of select gentlemen with ex- ganizes a “” com- hold events that are meaningful, quisite expertise in event planning memoration of Maryland’s unique that please our members and their and execution. As its name sug- origin as a colony for religious tol- families, that are not the “same old gests, the Committee organizes a erance. Events have been held at same old,” and that provide the wide variety of events that further the Baltimore Basilica and at St. opportunity to celebrate our ances- the Society’s mission of “holding Mary’s City, with period re-enac- tors. suitable commemorations” to cel- tors, solemn wreath laying, and In May 2021, Maryland will host ebrate our ancestors who helped recognition of the beautiful statue the General Society for its annual found our new nation. of Cecilius Calvert, first Proprietor meetings and social gathering. As our Society members come and Proprietary Governor of the from eclectic backgrounds— , that was graduates of Tech schools and commissioned by the Society in Ivies, farmers and urban dwellers, 1908 and which is situated outside Yankees and Rebels, yachtsmen the Mitchell Courthouse in down- and hunters—the task of satisfying town Baltimore. all tastes sets a high bar. For ex- In order to make the Society ample, the Annual Oyster Roast in more family-friendly, the Events January or February presents an in- Committee has organized sum- teresting challenge: not everyone mertime gatherings. These have fancies oysters. Accordingly, the been held at various venues includ- Committee arranges a non-shell- ing the First Mine Run Club, the fish display “for the less hearty” Gibson Island Club, and the Upper and a cash bar that puts even the Club of the Green Spring Valley most discriminating guest in the Hunt Club. “I’d certainly attend next year” col- Our fall event is a umn on the post-event survey. In Party that includes the ladies, who recent years we have averaged 130 add to the spirit of the season. We Warriors and guests at the typically host 120 or so Warriors Above: Events Chair Walter Byrd L’Hirondelle Club, which displays and their guests. In recent years, Mitchell and Guest Speaker Peter Lesher the oyster and clam raw bar in a this event has been held at the at the Spring Assembly beautiful lake canoe. Elkridge Club in north Baltimore. Below: A multitude of mollusks at the In March we host our Constitu- In addition to selecting venues, Annual Oyster Roast tion-mandated celebration of the menus, and matching wines, the arrival of the first colonists in Committee is responsible for the Maryland in 1634. This stag dinner production and presentation of the is normally preceded by the An- much-loved South River Club nual Business Meeting, at which Punch. This oh-so-tasty libation is new leadership is elected. The din- offered at the Spring Assembly and ner itself is our hallmark other events at which a tasting celebratory event that includes a would help “inspire in each other fife and drummer, presentation of the fraternal and patriotic spirit” of the colors by a Color Guard, and our forefathers. It is presented in a toasts to the Queen of England, the lovely silver punch bowl that is one President of the United States, and of the icons of our Society. the U.S. Armed Forces. In recent The Events Committee spends years we have hosted a respectable close to $35,000 each year. In years Page 8—The Maryland Colonial Warrior Lord Baltimore in Miniature: Calvert Statuette to be Replicated By Jeffrey Scott Watkins versary of the Society’s founding. website at www.scwmd.org. Go Since its acquisition last year, the The New Arts Foundry is re- the Media Page, click on Publica- rare, 29-inch bronze statuette of garded as one the best foundries in tions, and scroll down to the Win- Cecilius Calvert has been the sub- the country. With a client list of ter 2017-2018 edition of The Mary- ject of much consideration by Gov- over 600, New Arts owner Gary land Colonial Warrior. The article ernor and Council of the Society of Siegel and his team work with “Rare Society Treasure Discov- Colonial Wars in the State of Mary- some of the world’s leading artists. ered” begins on page 5. land (SCWMD). Several experts Samples of their fine work can be The eight-inch model of the believe the statuette was cast from viewed at newartsfoundry.com. Society’s greatest monument to an original plaster maquette cre- To achieve the detail, beauty, Maryland’s founder will make an ated by sculptor Albert Weinert as and patina of the original, the pro- excellent addition to anyone’s art the prototype for his large statue of cess will require a union between collection. It is a legacy piece that Calvert, erected by the Society in three-dimensional laser scanning can be passed down as a symbol of 1908 in front of the Mitchell Court- technology and an eight-part pro- a family’s connection to colonial house in downtown Baltimore. cess known as lost-wax casting. Maryland and America and mem- During its September meeting, the The 29-inch bronze will be scanned bership in our Society. Council approved a motion to to produce an eight-inch model, The 29-inch bronze will be on commission the New Arts Foundry from which a mold will be created. display at the Society’s Annual of Baltimore to cast eight-inch min- Laser scanning is being performed Christmas Party, where inquiries iatures of the statuette, which will by Direct Dimensions of Owings can be made and orders can be be available for sale to SCWMD Mills, known internationally for placed. The expected three-month members in honor of the 125th anni- their precision. completion time should ensure To learn more about lost-wax that orders will be delivered in casting and the history of the time for the Spring Assembly in Calvert statue, visit the Society’s March.

Albert Weinert Laser scanning of the statuette being performed at Direct Dimensions of Owings Mills The Maryland Colonial Warrior—Page 9

Governor’s Letter his day (1656) into “its present con- and inquiring eye of men and dition and happiness.” But of women who loved their food, their Continued from page 1 Maryland he added, “I know of no wine, their dancing, their riding, with that of the Biblical sisters Leah country (although I have traveled their beautiful Maryland country- and Rachel. If Virginia is Leah and many) that I more affect, more es- side, and each other with a vivacity Maryland is Rachel, then America teem, and which profits delights ... that is still familiar on both sides of is Jacob, who benefitted by their ri- here is both absolute profit and real the Bay. As Hammond said of his valry. Rachel was the more beauti- delight.” beloved “Rachel”: “It is that coun- ful and spiritual of the sisters, but Among the sweetest rewards of try in which I desire to spend the Leah’s less elevated pursuits also our efforts to preserve the manu- remainder of my days, in which I have a place in this world. John scripts, rolls, relics, and records of covet to make my grave.” So would Henry Hammond’s excellent colonial Maryland is the savor and we all. working out of this profound anal- inspiration of ancient passages Happy Saint Cecilia’s Day! ogy blamed Virginia’s poor reputa- such as this, expressed with the Respectfully submitted, tion on the “infancy and filth” of learning and simple piety of our —Mortimer N.S. Sellers, her origins, which developed by ancestors, leavened with the poetry Governor Dorsey Continued from page 6 in 1694. King William School is now known as St. John’s College, one of the oldest col- leges in America. In December 1705 Colonel Edward Dorsey died, leaving a large estate of landholdings including Hockley-in-the- Hole, Major’s Choice, United Friendship, Long Reach, Owen’s Adventure, a large plantation on the Patapsco be- tween Baltimore and An- napolis with a deep water cove (Elkridge), and a fine two-story brick house in An- napolis. Aside from his material holdings, Edward Dorsey lived up to the passage from Gen- plied manyfold. Those from his esis: he was fruitful in his service tree can take pride, comfort, and in- and works to God, his family, and spiration under its strength and Maryland. His legacy has multi- shade.