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Additional Monorchiid Digeneans (Trematoda) from Fishes of Japanese and Adjacent Waters

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Additional Monorchiid Digeneans (Trematoda) from Fishes of Japanese and Adjacent Waters Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. A, 37(1), pp. 1–8, March 22, 2011 Additional Monorchiid Digeneans (Trematoda) from Fishes of Japanese and Adjacent Waters Masaaki Machida1,2 1 Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 3–23–1, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169–0073 Japan 2 Meguro Parasitological Museum, 4–1–1, Shimomeguro, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153–0064 Japan (Received 1 November 2010; accepted 1 February 2011) Abstract Six species of monorchiid digeneans are reported from fishes of Japanese and adjacent waters. Two new species are described: Lasiotocus okinawaensis sp. nov. from Plectorhinchus gib- bosus (Haemulidae) from Japan, and Opisthomonorchis orwidal sp. nov. from Carangoides sp. (Carangidae) from Palau, western Caroline Islands. One new combination is made: Lasiotocus sparui (Shen, 1990) comb. nov. from Acanthopagus sp. (Sparidae) from Palawan, the Philippines. Three previously known species are shortly redescribed: Alloproctotrema gerres Machida, 1973 from Gerres oyena (Gerreidae) from Japan and Palawan, Opisthomonorcheides decapteri Parukhin, 1966 from Rastralliger kanagurta (Scombridae) from Palawan, and Pseudoproctotrema parupenei Yamaguti, 1942 from Mulloidichthys vanicolensis (Mullidae) from Japan. The relation- ship between Anamonorchis ulua Yamaguti, 1970 and Hurleytrema carangoidis Machida, 2005 is briefly discussed. Key words : Digenea, Monorchiidae, new species, new combination, marine fish, Japan, Palau, Philippines. Following the previous paper (Machida, 2005), and three specimens from the lower intestine and six monorchiid species (Trematoda, Digenea) are rectum of G. oyena, Palawan, the Philippines, 17- reported from fishes of Japanese and adjacent XI-1988, NSMT-Pl 3593. waters. In addition, the relationship between Additional measurements. Seven specimens Anamonorchis ulua and Hurleytrema carangoidis 0.97–1.47 long by 0.28–0.59 wide. Oral sucker is briefly discussed. Digeneans obtained were 53–87ϫ76–105 mm; prepharynx 10–43 mm long; washed in saline, fixed in AFA under slight pres- pharynx 40–46ϫ33–41 mm. Acetabulum 71– sure, stained with Heidenhain’s hematoxylin and 110ϫ89–128 mm. Sucker ratio 1 : 1.12–1.25. mounted in Canada balsam. The specimens are Forebody 23–32% of body length. Testis 0.32– deposited in the National Museum of Nature and 0.56ϫ0.15–0.25. Cirrus sac 0.24–0.45ϫ0.09– Science, Tokyo (NSMT) and the Meguro Para- 0.17. Ovary 0.18–0.24ϫ0.10–0.17. Eggs 10– sitological Museum (MPM). Measurements are 12ϫ7Ϫ8 mm. Terminal organ 0.17–0.24ϫ0.06– given in millimeters unless otherwise stated. 0.14. Remarks. Madhavi (2008) regarded Alloproc- Alloproctotrema gerres Machida, 1973 totrema Machida, 1973 as a synonym of Post- monorchis Hopkins, 1941. Alloproctotrema is Alloproctotrema gerres Machida, 1973, pp. 432– valid, distinguishable from Postmonorchis by 435, figs. 4–6. possessing an unarmed genital atrium and a uni- Material. Four specimens from the intestine of partite terminal organ. Both these features do not Gerres oyena (Forsskål) (Gerreidae), Kushimoto, fit the generic diagnosis of Postmonorchis by Wakayama Pref., 21-X-1979, NSMT-Pl 2224; Madhavi (2008). 2 Masaaki Machida Figs. 1–3. Lasiotocus okinawaensis sp. nov. — 1, Entire worm, dorsal view (holotype, MPM Coll. No. 20661); 2, terminal genitalia, ventral view; 3, ovarian complex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: A, acetabulum; C, cirrus; CS, cirrus sac; G, genital pore; L, Laurer’s canal; M, metraterm; MG, Mehlis’ gland; O, ovary; P, pars prosta- tica; R, seminal receptacle; S, sphincter; SV, seminal vesicle; T, terminal organ; V, vitelline duct. ynx inconspicuous in most specimens, but 40 mm Lasiotocus okinawaensis sp. nov. long in well-extended specimen; pharynx 38– (Figs. 1–3) 64ϫ33–48 mm; esophagus 25–135 mm long, bi- furcating approximately midway between suck- Type host. Plectorhinchus gibbosus (Lace- ers; caeca terminating anterior 1/3 to middle of pède) (Haemulidae). posttesticular space. Acetabulum 109–135ϫ109– Site. Pyloric caeca. 140 mm. Sucker ratio 1 : 0.78–1.82. Forebody Type locality. Nago, Okinawa Pref., 6-III-1966 21–40% of body length. and 4-III-2009. Testis ovoid, 0.28–0.62ϫ0.18–0.33, submedi- Specimens. Holotype, MPM Coll. No. 20661 an, with its anterior border in touch with vitelline and 11 paratypes NSMT-Pl 4855 and MPM Coll. duct. Posttesticular space 35–50% of body No. 20661. length. Two vasa efferentia arising from anterior Etymology. The specific name okinawaensis is edge of testis, entering posterior end of cirrus from the type locality. sac. Cirrus sac thick-walled, 0.19–0.38ϫ0.10– Description. Based on 12 specimens. Body 0.22, passing dextral to or partly overlapping ac- plump with bluntly pointed ends, 1.26–2.35 long etabulum, ending near or at preovarian level; by 0.58–0.78 wide. Tegument spinose. Oral suck- containing seminal vesicle 81–133ϫ51–77 mm, er subterminal, 63–107ϫ102–158 mm; prephar- pars prostatica with prostatic cells, and cirrus Additional Monorchiid Digeneans from Fishes 3 50–95 mm long. Cirrus spines not observed. Gen- Brief description on 10 specimens. Body 0.99– ital pore immediately preacetabular. Genital atri- 1.60 long by 0.38-0.61 wide. Oral sucker cup- um without spines. shaped, 0.14–0.20ϫ0.19–0.29; prepharynx up to Ovary four-lobed, 0.13–0.36ϫ0.06–0.11, dex- 36 mm long; pharynx 43–64ϫ35–53 mm; esopha- tral, sometimes partly overlapping testis or right gus 18–51mm long; caeca ending slightly beyond vitelline follicles. Oviduct arising from center of testis. Acetabulum 0.10–0.15ϫ0.11–0.16. Sucker ovary, connecting small seminal receptacle 30– ratio 1 : 0.50–0.60. Forebody 33–44% of body 33ϫ23–25 mm, receiving vitelline reservoir, and length. Testis 0.11–0.28ϫ0.15–0.26. Posttes- entering Mehlis’ gland. Mehlis’ gland near pos- ticular space 26–37% of body length. Cirrus sac terior edge of cirrus sac. Laurer’s canal originat- 0.27–0.43ϫ0.08–0.11, containing ovoid seminal ing from base of seminal receptacle, opening vesicle, saccate pars prostatica 25–40ϫ30–45 dorsally from pre- to midtesticular level. Uterus mm, prostatic cells, cirrus with slender spines descending to near posterior end of body, sperm 15–35 mm long. Genital atrium unarmed. Genital in proximal end, then ascending sinistral to testis; pore immediately anterior to acetabulum. Ovary metraterm swollen, lined with fluff-like spines, trilobed, 0.12–0.23ϫ0.10–0.18, immediately an- entering terminal organ near middle of anterior terodextral to testis. Laurer’s canal opening mid- spiny portion. Eggs 24–30ϫ15–18 mm. Terminal dorsally at ovarian level. Uterus entering terminal organ 0.16–0.21ϫ0.06–0.11; posterior vesicular organ at junction of its spiny and unarmed por- portion unspined; anterior tubular portion with tions. Eggs 18–22ϫ10–12 mm. Terminal organ fluff-like spines, surrounded by well-developed 0.13–0.19ϫ0.05–0.09; anterior portion with muscular sphincter 43–56ϫ46Ϫ56 mm at distal spines 12–20 mm long. Vitelline follicles in two end. Anterior portion of terminal organ and geni- lateral clusters, acetabular to ovarian level. tal pore enclosed by glandular cells. Vitelline fol- Remarks. This species was initially described licles in lateral groups, 7–9 on each side, be- by Shen (1990) from Sparus berda (ϭAcan- tween levels of acetabulum and testis. Vitelline thopagrus berda) of Hainan Island, China. The duct distinct. Excretory vesicle saccular, anterior genital pore is located midway between the cae- extent not determined; pore terminal. cal bifurcation and acetabulum in his description Remarks. This species is most similar to La- and illustration, but it is immediately anterior to siotocus macrorchis (Yamaguti, 1934), which is the acetabulum in my specimens. He did not de- found in the same genus of host from Japan. It scribe whether the genital atrium is spined or un- differs from L. macrorchis by having an oral spined. In my specimens the genital atrium is un- sucker that is not funnel-shaped, and a cirrus spined, therefore, this species is to be transferred without spines. In L. macrorchis, the cirrus has to the genus Lasiotocus as a new combination. long spines like those of the anterior portion of the terminal organ. My observation of the type Opisthomonorcheides decapteri Parukhin, 1966 series of L. macrorchis (a holotype and three paratypes; MPM Coll. No. 22108) reveals the Opisthomonorcheides decapteri Parukhin, 1966, pp. 1465–1466, fig. 4.—Shen, 1990, p. 48, fig. 39. genital atrium to be unarmed as in the present new species. Material. Twenty-nine gravid specimens from the intestine of Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier) Lasiotocus sparui (Shen, 1990) comb. nov. (Scombridae), Palawan, the Philippines, 10-XI- 1988, NSMT-Pl 3547. Genolopa sparui Shen, 1990, pp. 46–47, fig. 37. Brief description on 14 specimens. Body slen- Material. Twenty-five specimens from the in- der, 2.35–3.55 long by 0.32–0.46 wide, tapering testine of Acanthopagrus sp. (Sparidae), Palawan, toward both ends. Eyespot pigment at prepharyn- the Philippines, 15-XI-1988, NSMT-Pl 3580. geal-pharyngeal level. Oral sucker 46–66ϫ53–69 4 Masaaki Machida mm; prepharynx 51–128 mm long; pharynx 97– and O. indicus Karyakarate, 1976, from carangid 112ϫ63–84 mm; esophagus 35–110 mm long, bi- fishes of Hainan Island, China. The vitelline fol- furcating approximately midway between phar- licles in the latter species were described by Shen ynx and acetabulum; caeca terminating near (1990) as extending from the middle of the cirrus end of body. Acetabulum 99–128ϫ119–150 mm. sac to the anterior edge of the testis. I place my Sucker ratio 1 : 1.7–2.6. Forebody 16–29% of specimens in O. decapteri on the basis of their body length. vitelline distribution. Testis ovoid, 0.27–0.43ϫ0.10–0.28. Posttestic- ular space 10–17% of body length. Cirrus sac Opisthomonorchis orwidal sp. nov. 0.48–0.67ϫ0.14–0.19, extending midway be- tween acetabulum and ovary; containing seminal (Figs.
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