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Cornell University Advanced CubeSat Technologies for Affordable Deep Space Science and Exploration Missions Ground Tournaments, the Moon, and Beyond Jim Cockrell Cube Quest Challenge Administrator iCubeSat - 30 May 2017 • What is Cube Quest? – Why a Cube Quest? – Rules and Prize Structure • Today’s Status Get your CubeSat to the moon, work the best – GT4 Competitors survive the longest win big prizes! – Emerging Technologies • Next Steps – GT4 winners – In-space Competition 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 2 • SmallSats/CubeSats > conventional spacecraft – easier to launch – lower in cost • Unique missions with ensembles – planetary seismographs – array of Mars weather stations – distributed, correlated measurements – redundancy at the system level; robust system of systems – nodes for antenna arrays or telescope arrays – Augments traditional probes 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 3 To-date, CubeSats don’t venture beyond LEO: Limitation SoA Deep Space Missions Need Limited comm range Low-gain dipoles or patches high gain directional antennas mainly used needed Limited comm data Low power, amateur band High-power, high frequency, wide rate transmitters mainly used bandwidth transmitters needed Lacking radiation COTS, low-cost parts used; more Radiation shielding, fault detection, tolerance benign environment of LEO fault tolerance Lacking in-space Not demonstrated (except solar High thrust, high ISP needed; propulsion sails); chemical fuel/pressurized chemical, electrical, solar containers prohibited Depend on Earth- Passive magnetorquers used; GPS Start trackers, moon/sun sensors, based nav references or magnetometers sense Earth’s radar altimeters and other sensors magnetic field needed for deep space Can CubeSats Enable More Affordable Science and Exploration Missions in Deep Space? 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 4 Answer: the Cube Quest Challenge 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 5 In 1761, John In 1809, Nicolas Appert In 1901, Alberto In 1910, Georges Harrison (clock (baker) solved the Santos-Dumont Chavez (pilot) won the maker) solved the Napoleon challenge for (coffee plantation Milan Committee British maritime food preservation heir) won the French challenge being the first navigation challenge airship challenge to fly over the Alps In 1977 & 1979, Paul In 2004, Burt Rutan In 1927, Charles MacCready (aerospace engineer) won In 2007, Peter Homer Lindbergh (mail pilot) (aeronautic engineer) the X-Prize Ansari (unemployed engineer) won the Orteig Prize won the Kremer challenge being the first won the NASA Astronaut being the first to fly Prizes for human- private entity to enter Glove challenge by making across the Atlantic powered flight space twice within two a better glove Ocean challenges weeks 30 May 2017 Cube Quest Challenge 6 • NASA STMD’s Centennial Challenges Program, initiated 2005, named for Wright Brothers’ Kitty Hawk flight • Prizes for non-government entities solving problems of interest to NASA and nation • Since 2005, there have been eight challenge categories, and more than Current Challenges: 20 challenge events • More than $6 million in prize money • 3-D Printed Habitat has been awarded to more than 17 • Space Robotics different teams • Vascular Tissue • Cube Quest 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 7 • NASA’s first non-crewed lunar flyby mission of Orion from SLS – Launch 2019 • Capacity for thirteen 6U-sized CubeSats • Secondary Payloads deploy after Orion departure into lunar flyby trajectory • 3 slots are reserved for top-3 qualified Cube Quest Challenge winners 30 May 2017 Cube Quest Challenge 8 • Astrophysics: – Distributed RF and Optical Arrays on affordable satellite constellation – Affordable, time-correlated (simultaneous) multi-point observations of NEOs (mass density, albedo, etc) • Planetary Explorations: – Distributed measurements (Ex: surface seismographic; Mars “weather systems”, multi-site impactors to detect lunar Impactor Concept subsurface volatiles, etc.) – Co-ordinated assets (Ex: landers paired with orbiting relays) • Heliophysics: – Global coverage – Multiple observations of transient events (Ex: radio Heliophysics, Multipoint Science occultation) – Geographically distributed time-correlated “space weather” measurements • Earth Science – Global coverage (multiple) – Time correlated weather, oceanic observations 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 9 Good Comm and Good Comm and G&NC Capability; Requires 2 G&NC Capability; Requires 2 Too Much Good Applicability sats Good Applicability sats Prop 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 10 • Achieve Lunar Orbit Requires: – Propulsion, high dV – Navigation without GPS or Earth’s magnetic field • Hi Data Rate, Large Data Volume, Far Comm Distance Requires: – High power transponder; high gain antenna; – Long & frequent ground station passes; – Deployable antennas; stable ACS; – Precise knowledge of Earth direction • Longevity (survival) Requires: – Rad hardening, redundancy, shielding – Autonomy 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 11 Ground Tournaments (GT) Lunar Derby Deep Space Derby While in lunar orbit While range ≥4M km 4 Rounds Qualify for 1 of 3 Farthest Distance Approx every 6 months Achieve Lunar Orbit$1.5M/shared, EM-1 launch $225k/25k $1M max per team slots GT-1 - top 5 win $20k Error-free Communication GT-2 - top 5 win $30k - or – Error-free Communication Burst Rate- $225k/25k GT-3 - top 5 win $30k get your own ride Burst Rate- $225k/25k Total Volume- $675k/75k GT-4 - top 5 win $20k Total Volume- $675k/75k Total $500k Longevity Longevity $225k/25k Top 3 qualified GT-4 teams launch $450k/50k free on EM-1 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 12 SLS Safety and Interface Requirements • SLS Payload Safety Reviews (to fly on EM-1) • Or equivalent, for 3rd-party launches Any allowable part of the spectrum • subject to FCC public freq. alloc. and licensing regs Comm data eligible for prizes • May use NASA DSN – at your cost • DSN tracks all trajectories; checks lunar orbit, 4M km range • Comm data format per Rules, to qualify Comply with Orbital Debris and Planetary Protection laws and regs http://www.nasa.gov/cubequest/reference 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 13 5 Judge Panel • NASA • Non-NASA leaders • Industry • Academic • DoD Top 5 Teams Scoring > 3.0/5.0 40% Likelihood of Mission Success Total GT Score Team of 60% • Rules technical SMEs Compliance with Rules, • GT Workbook SLS IDRD, • SLS IDRD SLS Saftey • SLS Safety Rqts (or equiv. launch provider rqts) Rqts 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 14 GT1 – 13 Teams GT2 – 10 Teams GT3 – 7 Teams GT4 – 5 Teams EM-1 – 3 Slots • Alpha Cubesat - Xtraordinary • Alpha CubeQuest, XISP Inc • Team Miles Fluid & Reason • Team Miles Fluid & Reason Innovative Space Partnerships, (Cabin John, MD) (Tampa, FL) (Tampa, FL) Inc • CisLunar Explorers, Cornell • Cislunar Explorers - Cornell • Cislunar Explorers - Cornell (Cabin John, MD) University University University • Cislunar Explorers - Cornell (Ithaca, NY) (Ithaca, NY) (Ithaca, NY) University (Ithaca, NY) • Eagles-Quest, Embry-Riddle • CU-E3- University of • CU-E3- University of Aeronautical University Colorado, Boulder Colorado, Boulder • HuskySat - University of Washington (Daytona Beach, FL) (Boulder, CO) (Boulder, CO) (Seattle, WA) • Earth Escape Explorer (CU- • KitCube - Massachusetts • SEDS Triteia - University of • Lunar CubeQuestador - E3), University of Colorado, Institute of Technology, California, San Diego June 8 Missouri University of Science Boulder (Cambridge, MA) (San Diego, CA) Winners and Technology (Boulder, CO) • SEDS Triteia - University of • Heimdallr, Ragnarok (Rolla, MO) • Goddard Orbital and California, San Diego Industries Inc. Announcement • MIT KitCube - Massachusetts Atmospheric Testing (San Diego, CA) (Wilmington, DE) Institute of Technology (Cambridge, MA) Satellite (GOATS), Worcester • Heimdallr, Ragnarok • Novel Engineering - Novel Polytechnic Institute Industries Inc. Engineering Inc. (Worcester, MA) (Wilmington, DE) (Cocoa Beach, FL) • Lunar CubeQuestador, • Goddard Orbital and • OpenOrbiter Lunar I - Missouri University of Atmospheric Testing University of North Dakota Science & Technology Satellite (GOATS), Worcester (Grand Forks, ND) (Rolla, MO) Polytechnic Institute • ERAU Eagles - Embry-Riddle • MIT KitCube, (Worcester, MA) Aeronautical University (Daytona Beach, FL) Massachusetts Institute of • Project Selene - Flintridge Technology Preparatory School (Cambridge, MA) (La Cañada Flintridge, CA) • Heimdallr, Ragnarok • Heimdallr- Ragnarok Industries Inc. Industries, Inc. (Wilmington, DE) (Wilmington, DE) • SEDS Triteia, SEDS • SEDS - University of California - University of San Diego San Diego (San Diego, CA) (San Diego, CA) • Team Miles, Fluid & Reason • Team Miles - Fluid & Reason LLC LLC (Tampa, FL) (Tampa, FL) • True Vision Robotics - Isakson Engineering CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 15 (Atacsadero, CA) 30 May 2017 Industry Academia Cislunar Explorers Cornell University Heimdallr Ragnarok Industries, Inc SEDS Triteia University of California- San Diego Team Miles Fluid & Reason LLC CU-E3 University of Colorado – Boulder Lunar Derby Deep Space Derby 30 May 2017 CubeQuest Challenge - iCubeSat 16 Cornell University – Ithaca, NY • Behind the name: From Latin, Cislunar translates to “on this side of the moon.” We are building spacecraft that will explore this region. • Team origin: All team members are part of Cornell University’s Space Systems Design Studio. SSDS has constructed multiple micro- and nanosatellite scale spacecraft
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