Contents
1 Tumours of the pituitary gland
WHO classification of tumours of the pituitary Introduction Pituitary adenoma Somatotroph adenoma Lactotroph adenoma
11
12 13 14 19 24 28 30 34 37 39 41 45 46 48 48 49 50 51 52 55 55 56 57 58 60 61 63
Spindle epithelial tumour with thymus-like differentiation Intrathyroid thymic carcinoma Paraganglioma and mesenchymal/stromal tumours Paraganglioma Peripheral nerve sheath tumours Benign vascular tumours Angiosarcoma Smooth muscle tumours Solitary fibrous tumour Haematolymphoid tumours Langerhans cell histiocytosis Rosai–Dorfman disease Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma Primary thyroid lymphoma Germ cell tumours
123 125 127 127 128 129 129 132 133 135 135 136 136 137 139 142
Thyrotroph adenoma Corticotroph adenoma Gonadotroph adenoma Null cell adenoma Plurihormonal and double adenomas Pituitary carcinoma Pituitary blastoma Craniopharyngioma Neuronal and paraneuronal tumours Gangliocytoma and mixed gangliocytoma–adenoma Neurocytoma Paraganglioma Neuroblastoma Tumours of the posterior pituitary Mesenchymal and stromal tumours Meningioma Schwannoma Chordoma Haemangiopericytoma/Solitary fibrous tumour Haematolymphoid tumours Germ cell tumours
Secondary tumours
3 Tumours of the parathyroid glands
WHO classification of tumours of the parathyroid glands TNM staging of tumours of the parathyroid glands Parathyroid carcinoma Parathyroid adenoma Secondary, mesenchymal and other tumours
145
146 146 147 153 159
4 Tumours of the adrenal cortex
WHO classification of tumours of the adrenal cortex TNM classification of tumours of the adrenal cortex Adrenal cortical carcinoma Adrenal cortical adenoma Sex cord–stromal tumours Adenomatoid tumour Mesenchymal and stromal tumours Myelolipoma
161
162 162 163 169 173 174 175 175 176 177 178
Secondary tumours
2 Tumours of the thyroid gland
WHO classification of tumours of the thyroid gland TNM classification of tumours of the thyroid gland Introduction Follicular adenoma Hyalinizing trabecular tumour Other encapsulated follicular-patterned thyroid tumours Tumours of uncertain malignant potential Non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features
Papillary thyroid carcinoma Follicular thyroid carcinoma
65
66 67 68 69 73 75 76
Schwannoma Haematolymphoid tumours Secondary tumours
5 Tumours of the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia
WHO classification of tumours of the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia
78 81 92
179
180
Hürthle (oncocytic) cell tumours Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Medullary thyroid carcinoma Mixed medullary and follicular thyroid carcinoma Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia Mucinous carcinoma
- 96
- TNM staging of tumours of the adrenal medulla and
extra-adrenal paraganglia Introduction
100 104 107 108 114 117 119 121 122
180 181 183 190 190 192 196 204 206
Phaeochromocytoma Extra-adrenal paragangliomas Head and neck paragangliomas Sympathetic paraganglioma Neuroblastic tumours of the adrenal gland Composite phaeochromocytoma
- Composite paraganglioma
- Ectopic thymoma
6 Neoplasms of the neuroendocrine pancreas
WHO classification of neoplasms of the neuroendocrine pancreas TNM classification of tumours of neuroendocrine pancreas Introduction Non-functioning (non-syndromic) neuroendocrine tumours Insulinoma Glucagonoma
209
210 210 211 215 222 225 227 229 231
Somatostatinoma Gastrinoma VIPoma Serotonin-producing tumours with and without carcinoid syndrome ACTH-producing tumour with Cushing syndrome Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm) Mixed neuroendocrine–non-neuroendocrine neoplasms Mixed ductal–neuroendocrine carcinomas Mixed acinar–neuroendocrine carcinomas
233 234
235 238 238 239
7 Inherited tumour syndromes
Introduction
241
242 243 248 253 255 257
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 Hyperparathyroidism–jaw tumour syndrome Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome Familial paraganglioma–phaeochromocytoma syndromes caused by SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD mutations Neurofibromatosis type 1 Carney complex McCune–Albright syndrome
262 266 269 272 275 275
Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer Cowden syndrome and PTEN-related lesions Familial adenomatous polyposis and APC-related lesions 276 Non-syndromic familial thyroid cancer Werner syndrome and Carney complex DICER1 syndrome
277 278 280
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- Glucagon cell hyperplasia and neoplasia
- Contributors
- 285
295 296 297 300 301 347 355
Declaration of interests IARC/WHO Committee for the ICD-O Sources of figures Sources of tables References Subject index List of abbreviations