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Dharmic Environmentalism: Hindu Traditions and Ecological Care By
Dharmic Environmentalism: Hindu Traditions and Ecological Care by © Rebecca Cairns A Thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, Memorial University, Religious Studies Memorial University of Newfoundland August, 2020 St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador ABstract In the midst of environmental degradation, Religious Studies scholars have begun to assess whether or not religious traditions contain ecological resources which may initiate the restructuring of human-nature relationships. In this thesis, I explore whether it is possible to locate within Hindu religious traditions, especially lived Hindu traditions, an environmental ethic. By exploring the arguments made by scholars in the fields of Religion and Ecology, I examine both the ecological “paradoxes” seen by scholars to be inherent to Hindu ritual practice and the ways in which forms of environmental care exist or are developing within lived religion. I do the latter by examining the efforts that have been made by the Bishnoi, the Chipko Movement, Swadhyay Parivar and Bhils to conserve and protect local ecologies and sacred landscapes. ii Acknowledgements I express my gratitude to the supportive community that I found in the Department of Religious Studies. To Dr. Patricia Dold for her invaluable supervision and continued kindness. This project would not have been realized without her support. To my partner Michael, for his continued care, patience, and support. To my friends and family for their encouragement. iii List of Figures Figure 1: Inverted Tree of Life ……………………. 29 Figure 2: Illustration of a navabatrikā……………………. 34 Figure 3: Krishna bathing with the Gopis in the river Yamuna. -
The Christ of India-PDF
1 The Christ of India The Story of Original Christianity Abbot George Burke (Swami Nirmalananda Giri) ©2021 Light of the Spirit Monastery Light of the Spirit Press Cedar Crest, New Mexico, USA LightoftheSpiritPress.com OCOY.org 2 Contents Preface The Christ of India The Apostle of India The Beliefs of Original Christianity Appendix One: Indian Masters Who Considered Jesus One of Them Appendix Two: The Yoga of the Nath Yogis and Jesus Glossary 3 Preface “Original Christianity” is the teaching of both Jesus of Nazareth and his Apostle Saint Thomas in India. But although it was new to the Mediterranean world, it was really the classical, traditional teachings of the ancient rishis of India that even today comprise Sanatana Dharma, the Eternal Dharma, that goes far beyond religion into actual realization through the practice of yoga. (See Appendix Two: The Yoga of the Nath Yogis and Jesus.) The material in this book will reveal that this statement is simple fact without exaggeration. Jesus and the Apostle Thomas taught nothing new in either Israel or India. Their religion was identical with that which Jesus studied in India, that which is found in the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita and other fundamental scriptures and spiritual writings of India. Jesus and Saint Thomas taught nothing but Sanatana Dharma. The deformed entity known today as “Christianity” is a corruption and betrayal of their actual teachings. Jesus learned his wisdom from the sages of India and so must those who would follow him. I am not the originator of this idea. In 1920 Swami (later Paramhansa) Yogananda came to America to speak at a religious conference in Boston, Massachusetts. -
Mahavatar Babaji
Mahavatar Babaji "Babaji has been chosen by God to remain in his body for the duration of this particular world cycle. Ages will come and go—still the deathless master, beholding the drama of the centuries, shall be present on this stage terrestrial." So began the legend of the immortal sage Babaji. These words were published in 1946, in the classic spiritual tale Autobiography of a Yogi by Paramahansa Yogananda—a book that was destined to have a major impact on the then just emerging East-West spiritual dialogue. It was a book that introduced thousands, if not millions, of aspiring seekers in the Western world to a man who, legend tells us, is perhaps the greatest of ancient saints, an immortal deathless yogi of India watching over this earthly plane like a benevolent omniscient spiritual parent —Babaji. To read Autobiography of a Yogi and absorb Yogananda's lucid, almost otherworldly descriptions of the spiritual life is to embark upon a journey to a place that exists far beyond the borders of our materialistic Western worldview—a realm where miracles are commonplace and where physical laws, in the hands of the great yogis, seem as malleable and as changeable as clay in the hands of great artists. By any standard, the book is a work of genius, a masterpiece that combines an inspiring introduction to the ancient yogic path with a philosophical inquiry into the underlying unity of Eastern and Western religions, weaving it all together with the remarkable story of Yogananda's own pioneering life and teachings. Upon publication it captured the hearts of thousands and introduced Americans to the esoteric world of the Himalayan sages, inviting hungry spirits to believe in undreamed-of possibilities in the evolution of consciousness—possibilities, the yogic masters say, that lie dormant in each of us. -
Kriya Babaji Nagaraj
Kriya Babaji Nagaraj by Marshall Govindan In 1946, Paramahansa Yogananda, one of modern India’s greatest yogis, revealed in his classic “Autobiography of a Yogi” the existence of a Christ-like saint, an immortal yogi, Mahavatar Babaji. Yogananda related how for centuries, Babaji lived in the Himalayas guiding many spiritual teachers at a distance, usually without their ever knowing about it. Babaji was a great siddha, one who had overcome ordinary human limitations and who worked silently for the spiritual evolution of all humanity, from behind the scenes. Babaji was revealed to be who, in1891, taught Lahiri Mahasaya, a powerful series of yogic techniques, known as “Kriya Yoga.” Babaji also taught Lahiri’s own Christ-like guru, Sri Yukteswar, some thirty years earlier. Yogananda says that he spent 10 years with is guru before Babaji himself appeared to him and directed him to bring the sacred science of Kriya to the West. Yogananda fulfilled this sacred mission from 1920 to 1952, when he attained mahasamadhi. In the year 203 A.D. a boy born under the same star as Lord Krishna some 3,500 years earlier, was given the name Nagaraj. Nagarja was born in what is now the seaport of Porto Novo (Parangipettai), in Tamil Nadu, on the eastern coast of India. The name Nagaraj means “serpent king” and refers to kundalini, our great divine potential power and consciousness. His parents were Nambudri Brahmins who had immigrated there from the Malabar coast on the western side of South India. His father was the priest in the Shiva temple in the village, which is today dedicated to Muruga. -
SWAMI YOGANANDA and the SELF-REALIZATION FELLOWSHIP a Successful Hindu Countermission to the West
STATEMENT DS213 SWAMI YOGANANDA AND THE SELF-REALIZATION FELLOWSHIP A Successful Hindu Countermission to the West by Elliot Miller The earliest Hindu missionaries to the West were arguably the most impressive. In 1893 Swami Vivekananda (1863 –1902), a young disciple of the celebrated Hindu “avatar” (manifestation of God) Sri Ramakrishna (1836 –1886), spoke at the World’s Parliament of Religions in Chicago and won an enthusiastic American following with his genteel manner and erudite presentation. Over the next few years, he inaugurated the first Eastern religious movement in America: the Vedanta Societies of various cities, independent of one another but under the spiritual leadership of the Ramakrishna Order in India. In 1920 a second Hindu missionary effort was launched in America when a comparably charismatic “neo -Vedanta” swami, Paramahansa Yogananda, was invited to speak at the International Congress of Religious Liberals in Boston, sponsored by the Unitarian Church. After the Congress, Yogananda lectured across the country, spellbinding audiences with his immense charm and powerful presence. In 1925 he established the headquarters for his Self -Realization Fellowship (SRF) in Los Angeles on the site of a former hotel atop Mount Washington. He was the first Eastern guru to take up permanent residence in the United States after creating a following here. NEO-VEDANTA: THE FORCE STRIKES BACK Neo-Vedanta arose partly as a countermissionary movement to Christianity in nineteenth -century India. Having lost a significant minority of Indians (especially among the outcast “Untouchables”) to Christianity under British rule, certain adherents of the ancient Advaita Vedanta school of Hinduism retooled their religion to better compete with Christianity for the s ouls not only of Easterners, but of Westerners as well. -
How Chinmaya Mission Trains Leaders
e d u cati o N How Chinmaya Mission Trains Leaders The two-year Vedanta course at Sandeepany Sadhanalaya in Mumbai demands rigorous personal discipline, deep devotion and intense scriptural study Chinmaya Mission’s training program is practice. Here the acharyas (teachers) of no ordinary course of study. It is a 24/7 Chinmaya Mission are trained in a two-year commitment of body, mind and soul to an program which begins and ends on Ganesha immersive spiritual adventure. A recent Chathurti. A year later, a new course begins. graduate, Acharya Vivek, recounts his I was honored to join the 13th course, which extraordinary experience. commenced in 2005. I was born and raised in Niagara Falls, By Acharya Vivek, Canada, to devotees of Swami Tejomayanan- Chinmaya Mission da, the current head of Chinmaya Mission. I Niagara, Canada pursued all that any young Canadian would: ome great men try to improve the higher education, travelling, fancy posses- world by changing the outer settings sions. Like everyone else, I followed these of economic and societal conditions. pursuits for the sake of happiness. And like S A few greater men try to change the everyone else, happiness eluded me—time processes and the vision of the masses. The and time again. This was an intensely tiring very greatest achieve a complete and last- period of my life. ing transformation, one individual at a time. Relief came from a most unexpected That was Swami Chinmayananda’s vision source. I had learned that Swami Tejoma- when he created Sandeepany Sadhanalaya yananda himself was going to be the Resi- in 1963. -
108 Names of Anandamayi Ma
108 Names of Shrī Ānandamayī Ma 1) Shrī Mātre Supreme Mother encompassing both female and male forms 2) Hridayavasinī She who resides in the heart 3) Sanātanī The Eternal one 4) Ānandamayī Bliss permeated 5) Bhuvana Ujjāla One who illuminates the universe 6) Jananī She who gives birth 7) Shūddhya Pure 8) Nirmala Without karmic limitation 9) Punyavistārinī She who spreads virtue all around 10) Rajrajeshwari Queen of queens 11) Swāhā The essence of devotional offering 12) Swadha ̄ The essence of offerings to the ancestors 13) Gourī Fair complexioned 14) Pranavarūpinī The manifest form of OM 15) Saumya Pleasing 16) Saumyatāra Pleasing to a higher degree 17) Satya Supreme Reality 18) Manohara One who steals the mind 19) Pūrna Fullness itself 20) Parātpara Superior to the superior 21) Ravishashi Kundala Wearing the Sun and Moon as Her earrings 22) Mahāvyoma Kuntala Having the vast expanse of the sky as Her hair 23) Viswarūpinī Assuming all forms in the universe 24) Aishwarya Bhātima Splendor of riches 25) Mādhurya Pratima ̄ Image of sweetness 26) Mahimā Mandita Possessing the greatness/divine power of Yogis 27) Rāma Avatar of Lord Vishnu 28) Manorama Pleasing (to) the mind 29) Shānti Peace itself 30) Shānta Peaceful; composed 31) Kshamā Forgiveness itself 32) Sarva Devamayī Full of all gods 33) Sarva Devimayī Full of all goddesses 34) Sukhadāyini One who gives happiness 35) Varadāyini One who gives boons 36) Bhaktidāyini One who provides devotional mentality 37) Jñānadāyini One who gives wisdom 38) Kaivalya Dāyini One who gives emancipation -
ANNA HAZARE Jai Jawan to Jaikisan 22
Vol.39 No.9 Chaitra-Vaishakh 5114 April 2012 R.15/- Editorial 03 Swami Vivekananda on his return to India-13 A Gigantic Plan 05 Fashion Man ... Role in Freedom Struggle 11 Sister Nivedita : Who Gave Her All to India-15 15 ANNA HAZARE Jai Jawan to Jaikisan 22 The Role of Saints In Building And Rebuilding Bharat 26 V.Senthil Kumar Sangh Inspired by Swamiji 32 Vivekananda Kendra Samachar 39 Single Copy R.15/- Annual R.160/- For 3 Yrs R.460/- Life (10 Yrs) R.1400/- Foreign Subscription: Annual - $40 US Dollar Life (10 years) - $400US Dollar (Plus Rs.50/- for Outstation Cheques) Yuva bharati - 1 - April 2012 Invocation çaìkaraà çaìkaräcäryaà keçavaà bädaräyaëam| sütrabhäñyakåtau vande bhagavantau punaù punaù|| I salute, again and again, the great teacher Aadi Shankaracharya, who is Lord Siva and Badarayana, who is Lord Vishnu, the venerable ones who wrote the Bhaashyaas and the Brahma-Sutras respectively. Yuva bharati - 2 - April 2012 Editorial Youth Icon… hroughout modern history youths have needed an icon. Once there were the Beetles; then there was John Lennon. TFor those youngsters who love martial arts there was Bruce Lee followed by Jackie Chan. Now in the visible youth culture of today who is the youth icon? The honest answer is Che Guevara. The cigar smoking good looking South American Marxist today looks at us from every T-shirt and stares from beyond his grave through facebook walls. Cult of Che Guevara is marketed in the every conceivable consumer item that a youth may use. And he has been a grand success. -
May I Answer That?
MAY I ANSWER THAT? By SRI SWAMI SIVANANDA SERVE, LOVE, GIVE, PURIFY, MEDITATE, REALIZE Sri Swami Sivananda So Says Founder of Sri Swami Sivananda The Divine Life Society A DIVINE LIFE SOCIETY PUBLICATION First Edition: 1992 Second Edition: 1994 (4,000 copies) World Wide Web (WWW) Reprint : 1997 WWW site: http://www.rsl.ukans.edu/~pkanagar/divine/ This WWW reprint is for free distribution © The Divine Life Trust Society ISBN 81-7502-104-1 Published By THE DIVINE LIFE SOCIETY P.O. SHIVANANDANAGAR—249 192 Distt. Tehri-Garhwal, Uttar Pradesh, Himalayas, India. Publishers’ Note This book is a compilation from the various published works of the holy Master Sri Swami Sivananda, including some of his earliest works extending as far back as the late thirties. The questions and answers in the pages that follow deal with some of the commonest, but most vital, doubts raised by practising spiritual aspirants. What invests these answers and explanations with great value is the authority, not only of the sage’s intuition, but also of his personal experience. Swami Sivananda was a sage whose first concern, even first love, shall we say, was the spiritual seeker, the Yoga student. Sivananda lived to serve them; and this priceless volume is the outcome of that Seva Bhav of the great Master. We do hope that the aspirant world will benefit considerably from a careful perusal of the pages that follow and derive rare guidance and inspiration in their struggle for spiritual perfection. May the holy Master’s divine blessings be upon all. SHIVANANDANAGAR, JANUARY 1, 1993. -
The Inner Light: the Beatles, India, Gurus, and the Legacy
The Inner Light: The Beatles, India, Gurus, and the Legacy John Covach Institute for Popular Music, University of Rochester Arthur Satz Department of Music Eastman School of Music Main Points The Beatles’ “road to India” is mostly navigated by George Harrison John Lennon was also enthusiastic, Paul somewhat, Ringo not so much Harrison’s “road to India” can be divided into two kinds of influence: Musical influences—the actual sounds and structures of Indian music Philosophical and spiritual influences—elements that influence lyrics and lifestyle The musical influences begin in April 1965, become focused in fall 1966, and extend to mid 1968 The philosophical influences begin in late 1966 and continue through the rest of Harrison’s life Note: Harrison began using LSD in the spring of 1965 and discontinued in August 1967 Songs by other Beatles, Lennon especially, also reflect Indian influences The Three “Indian” songs of George Harrison “Love You To” recorded April 1966, released on Revolver, August 1966 “Within You Without You” recorded March, April 1967, released on Sgt Pepper, June 1967 “The Inner Light” recorded January, February 1968, released as b-side to “Lady Madonna,” March 1968 Three Aspects of “Indian” characteristics Use of some aspect of Indian philosophy or spirituality in the lyrics Use of Indian musical instruments Use of Indian musical features (rhythmic patterns, drone, texture, melodic elements) Musical Influences Ravi Shankar is principal influence on Harrison, though he does not enter the picture until mid 1966 April 1965: Beatles film restaurant scene for Help! Harrison falls in love with the sitar, buys one cheap Summer 1965: Beatles in LA hear about Shankar from McGuinn, Crosby (meet Elvis, discuss Yogananda) October 1965: “Norwegian Wood” recorded, released in December on Rubber Soul. -
Paramahansa Yogananda and the Self-Realization Fellowship
PARAMAHANSA YOGANANDA AND THE SELF-REALIZATION FELLOWSHIP ___________________ A Paper Presented to Dr. Phil Fernandes Veritas International University ___________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course Advanced New Religious Movements (AP905) ___________________ by Shawn Nelson November 2018 PARAMAHANSA YOGANANDA AND THE SELF-REALIZATION FELLOWSHIP Introduction Most people in North County San Diego have seen the Self-Realization Fellowship in Encinitas, California. For those driving the coast on a beautiful San Diego day, it would be difficult to miss the prominent gold Lotus Flowers that top the unusual walled towers along Highway 101 (see photo 1). Just to the south, Swami’s Beach is a favorite surf area (photoset 2). To the north sits the Meditation Gardens, arguably one of the most beautiful garden/ocean views in the area (photoset 3). Yet few locals know the story behind this iconic local landmark, and its founder, Paramahansa Yogananda, whose name appears throughout its complex. This short paper is an attempt to explain who Yogananda was and what he taught. It is not an attempt to refute his teaching, but simply to show that he was a Hindu teacher, and to show what his particular emphases were as a counter-Christian missionary. Christians who are familiar with good theology will see for themselves how there is nothing compatible between what Yogananda taught and biblical Christianity. About Paramahansa Yogananda (1893-1952) Yogananda’s given birth name was Mukunda Lal Ghosh. He was born in India in 1893.1 -
Dr. Narinder Puri and Dr. Michael Weinless on Vedic Mathematics
DR. NARINDER PURI AND DR. MICHAEL WEINLESS ON VEDIC MATHEMATICS N. Puri and M. Weinless, Vedic Mathematics: The Cosmic Software For The Cosmic Computer ............................................................................................ 2 T. Brooks and K. Brooks, Vedic Mathematics: Taking the Anxiety Out of Math .............. 8 J. Hamilton and E. Norlyk, Vedic Mathematics: “To Be Learned With Smiles” ............. 11 VEDIC MATHEMATICS The Cosmic Software For The Cosmic Computer Dr. Narinder Puri University of Roorkee Uttar Pradesh, India Dr. Michael Weinless Maharishi International University Fairfield, Iowa, USA Presented at the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Annual Conference, Chicago, IL, 1988 Introduction Vedic Mathematics offers a new holistic approach to mathematics and to mathe- matics education. Its range extends from the most concrete values of numerical compu- tation to the most abstract aspects of the dynamics of intelligence. The computational methods of Vedic Mathematics have been found to be easier to learn, faster, and more enjoyable than conventional methods. The intrinsic flexibility of the Vedic system of calculation develops the students’ creativity and clarity of mind. The system of Vedic Mathematics is derived from the Vedic tradition or knowl- edge, recently revitalized and reinterpreted by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi in the form of a modern systematic science, known as Maharishi’s Vedic Science. According to Mahar- ishi, at its deepest level, Vedic Mathematics is the exploration and exposition of the self- interacting structure of pure consciousness, which is the orderly basis of all phenomena in nature. By connecting mathematics to its source in the field of pure consciousness, Vedic Mathematics has the potential to bring fulfillment to all areas of mathematics and to solve the current crisis in mathematics education.