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Water Buffalo Thesaurus ub tty5 INTERNATIONAL BUFFALO INFORMATION CENTER MAIN LIBRARY KASETSART UNIVERSITY BANGKOK, THAILAND WATER BUFFALO THESAURUS A classified and structured vocabulary for indexing and retrieving information on water buffaloes J. Stephen W. Henderson International Development Research Centre Ottawa Canada Ottawa - 1984 f T) Osa FIRST EDITION 1984 International Buffalo Information Center Main Library Kasetsart University Bangkhen Bangkok 10900 Thailand WATER BUFFALO THESAURUS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements iv Introduction v Section 1 : Categorized listing 1 A Water buffaloes 3 B Anatomy, chemistry, physiology 7 C Breeding and genetics 28 D Animal husbandry 32 E Animal health 38 F Production 57 G Industry, products and storage 63 H Socioeconomics, development and trade 68 I Equipment, methods, research and technology 74 J Geography 78 Section 2 : Alphabetical listing 81 Selected references 229 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Several individuals provided useful guidance and advice during the preparation of this thesaurus. Chief among these was Donald Leatherdale, project officer and senior scientist in the Information Sciences Division of IDRC. Technical information was also provided by: Dr. W. Ross Cockrill, International Consultant, Animal Production, Protection and Heal th . Mr. Sunpetch Sophon, Information Scientist, IBIC. Dr. Vichitr Sukhapesna, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Thailand. Mr. Sugsanguan Konanta, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Thailand. Dr. Piboon Chai-anan, Dean, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University. Professor Piboon Yutisri, Department of Zoology, Kasetsart University. Dr. Prasit Bodhipaksha, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. Dr. Charan Chantalakhana, Kasetsart University. INTRODUCTION A thesaurus is a controlled, structured vocabulary consisting of terms - descriptors and forbidden terms - which collectively describe the subject content of all documents in a particular subject field. It is an important component of an information storage and retrieval system because its function is to provide a standard vocabulary for indexing and retrieving the documents (or document references) in the collection. A thesaurus is usually presented in such a way that the relationships among terms are readily apparent. These relationships are of three types, viz. preferential (between descriptors and their synonyms), hierarchical (between broader and narrower terms), and affinitive (between related terms). The Water Buffalo Thesaurus is presented in two sections. Section 1 is a categorized listing of all the descriptors found in Section 2, but grouped according to subject and arranged hierarchically. The broad topic "water buffaloes" has been broken down into 10 subject categories which together define the scope of the thesaurus. Every descriptor has been assigned to one (occasionally two) of these subject categories. Each category in Section 1 is treated systematically. Descriptor word blocks appear on the left side of each page, with individual descriptors nested in a hierarchy of broader and narrower terms. Related terms (indicated with an asterisk *) appear on the right side of each page. There are 133 "top terms", that is, descriptors for which there are no more-generic or broader terms. These appear in bold face at the very top of their respective word blocks, with a descending hierarchy of narrower concepts below them, each preceded by a hyphen (-). This classified display of descriptors should make it easier to locate the precise set of terms required for indexing and retrieval because it brings together like terms in specific subject areas. Section 2 of the thesaurus consists of an alphabetical listing of the 2 027 descriptors and 1 347 non-descriptors (forbidden terms). The alphabetical sequence is word-by-word, rather than letter-by-letter, with descriptors appearing in upper case and non-descriptors in lower -v- case. Exceptions to this latter rule occur in cases where the non-descriptor is a proper name, a scientific name, an acronym or initialism; in such cases one or more letters may occur in upper case, as required. Broader and narrower terms within each hierarchy are indicated with the conventional symbols BT and NT respectively. Generic relations are not distinguished from part-whole relations. Affinitive relationships are represented with the symbol RT which links Related Terms. The reciprocal nature of preferential relations between descriptors and their synonyms is indicated by the symbols UF and USE. Scope notes to clarify meanings or restrict usage of particular terms are indicated by SN. A short excerpt from the alphabetical listing will help to clarify these points: THESAURUS EXCERPT EXPLANATION HARDWARE DISEASE E Descriptor in subject category E SN Disorder resulting from Scope Note to clarify meaning ingestion of non-feed objects such as nails UF foreign body syndrome Used For this non-descriptor BT DIGESTIVE DISORDERS «Froadér Term than HARDWARE DISEASE RT DEPRAVED APPETITE Related fierms to HARDWARE DISEASE METAL DETECTORS harmful fishes The descriptor NOXIOUS FISHES is USE NOXIOUS FISHES preferred to the forbidden term "harmful fishes" HARNESS I Descriptor in subject category I UF animal tackle Quasi-synonyms for HARNESS tackle (animal) BT ANIMAL PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT More generic concept NT BRIDLES Narrower Terms; species of HARNESS HALTERS NASAL APPLIANCES RT DRAUGHT EQUIPMENT Related Term to HARNESS -v i - Users of this thesaurus will find that it makes possible fairly in-depth indexing of documents in the areas of biology, physiology and health. Nevertheless, even in these areas certain word blocks had to be restricted to keep the thesaurus a manageable size. This has meant, for example, excluding most species names of pests, which therefore must be indexed at the genus or family level. Overall, the thesaurus will be found to have a high degree of compatibility with AGROVOC, the thesaurus of agricultural terminology that is used in the International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology (AGRIS), which is operated by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO). This compatibility with AGROVOC represents an effort to standardize agricultural terminology being used around the world, and thereby facilitate the exchange of information between different centres; it should be maintained as much as possible in future editions. The Water Buffalo Thesaurus is intended for use by staff of the International Buffalo Information Center at Kasetsart University in Bangkok. It was compiled with their specific needs in mind and is intended for their use in indexing the world's literature on water buffaloes. Other centres that are engaged in research or documentation activities related to water buffaloes (such as the Documentation Center on Water Buffalo at the University of the Philippines) may also find this thesaurus useful. All such centres, as well as individuals with an interest in these important animals, are invited to cooperate in maintaining the thesaurus. They may do so by addressing all suggestions for corrections, additions and deletions to the IBIC staff in Bangkok. SECTION 1 CATEGORIZED LISTING -3- A. WATER BUFFALOES ANIMALS * NOMENCLATURE * NOXIOUS ANIMALS * ZOO ANIMALS - NON-RUMINANTS - BIRDS - POULTRY - HORSES - MARINE ANIMALS - FISHES - SWINE - RUMINANTS - AFRICAN BUFFALO - BISON - CAMELS - CATTLE - BANTENG CATTLE - EUROPEAN CATTLE - GAURS - MITHAN CATTLE - YAKS - ZEBU CATTLE - GOATS - SHEEP - WATER BUFFALO * BUFFALO STOCK - BUBALUS BUBALIS - FERAL WATER BUFFALO * REDOMESTICATION - RIVER BUFFALO * DAIRY BUFFALO - RIVER BREEDS AND VARIETIES * RIVER X RIVER * RIVER X SWAMP - CARIBBEAN BUFFALO * BUFFALPYSO - CAUCASIAN BUFFALO * NONDESCRIPT BUFFALOES - EGYPTIAN BREED * MEDITERRANEAN BREED - BEHERI SAIDI INDIAN BUFFALO - CENTRAL INDIAN BREEDS - JERANGI - KALAHANDI - MANDA - NAGPURI * PANDHARPURI - PANDHARPURI * NAGPURI - SAMBALPUR GUJARAT BREEDS - JAFARABADI - MEHSANA - SURTI -4- (ANIMALS) (RUMINANTS) (WATER BUFFALO) (BUBALUS BUBALIS) (RIVER BUFFALO) (RIVER BREEDS A N D VARIETIES) (INDIAN BUFFALO) - MURRAH GROUP - KUNDI - MURRAH - NILI-RAVI - SOUTH INDIAN BREEDS - SOUTH KANARA - TODA - UTTAR PRADESH BREEDS - BHADAWARI - TARAI - IRAQI BUFFALO * NONDESCRIPT BUFFALO - MEDITERRANEAN BREED * EGYPTIAN BREED - ANATOLIAN BUFFALO * BALKAN BUFFALO - BALKAN BUFFALO * ANATOLIAN BUFFALO - ITALIAN BUFFALO - ROMANIAN BUFFALO - TRANSYLVANIAN BUFFALO - SYRIAN BUFFALO - SWAMP BUFFALO * WORKING BUFFALO - SWAMP TYPES AND VARIETIES * RIVER X SWAMP - ASSAM BUFFALO - BURMESE BUFFALO - CHINESE BUFFALO - CHIATING VARIETY - HAITLU VARIETY - KIANGSU ROUND-BARREL VARIETY - KWANGTUNG VARIETY - PING HU VARIETY - TAIWAN VARIETY - TANGYANG VARIETY - WUCHU VARIETY - YUANTUNG VARIETY - INDONESIAN BUFFALO - KAMPUCHEAN BUFFALO - KMER LONGHORN VARIETY - KMER SHORTHORN VARIETY - LAOTIAN BUFFALO - MALAYSIAN BUFFALO - NEPALESE MOUNTAIN BUFFALO - PHILIPPINE SWAMP CARABAO - SIAMESE BUFFALO -5- (ANIMALS) (RUMINANTS) (WATER BUFFALO) (BUBALUS BUBALIS) (SWAMP BUFFALO) (SWAMP TYPES AND VARIETIES) - SRI LANKAN BUFFALO - MANNAR - TAMANKADUWA - VIETNAMESE BUFFALO - CROSSBREDS * DUAL-PURPOSE BUFFALO * MULTI-PURPOSE BUFFALO - ARNI X BUBALUS BUBALIS * INTERSPECIFIC CROSSBREEDING - RIVER X RIVER * RIVER BREEDS AND VARIETIES - BUFFALYPSO * CARIBBEAN BUFFALO * MEAT BUFFALO - MURRAH X JAFARABADI - MURRAH X MEDITERRANEAN - MURRAH X NILI-RAVI - RIVER X SWAMP * RIVER BREEDS AND VARIETIES * SWAMP TYPES AND VARIETIES
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