DOCSLIB.ORG

Faunistic Diversity of Vrachanski Balkan Nature Park Zoonotes Supplement 3

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Faunistic Diversity of Vrachanski Balkan Nature Park Zoonotes Supplement 3 Faunistic diversity of Vrachanski Balkan Nature Park ZooNotes Supplement 3 Dimitar Bechev and Dilian Georgiev Editors Университетско издателство “Паисий Хилендарски” Plovdiv University Press “Paisii Hilendarski” FAUNISTIC DIVERSITY OF VRACHANSKI BALKAN NATURE PARK ȂǮȁǻǶǿȀǶȅǻǼǾǮǵǻǼǼǯǾǮǵǶdzǻǮ ǽǾǶǾǼDzdzǻǽǮǾǸǰǾǮȅǮǻǿǸǶǯǮǹǸǮǻ ZooNotes Supplement 3 ȂǮȁǻǶǿȀǶȅǻǼ ǾǮǵǻǼǼǯǾǮǵǶdzǻǮǽǾǶǾǼDzdzǻ ǽǮǾǸǰǾǮȅǮǻǿǸǶǯǮǹǸǮǻ DzȖȚȖȠȨȞǯȓȥȓȐȖDzȖșȭțDZȓȜȞȑȖȓȐ ǾȓȒȎȘȠȜȞȖ ȁțȖȐȓȞȟȖȠȓȠȟȘȜȖȕȒȎȠȓșȟȠȐȜ´ǽȎȖȟȖȗȃȖșȓțȒȎȞȟȘȖµ ǽșȜȐȒȖȐ ZooNotes Supplement 3 FAUNISTIC DIVERSITY OF VRACHANSKI BALKAN NATURE PARK Dimitar Bechev and Dilian Georgiev Editors 3ORYGLY8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV´3DLVLL+LOHQGDUVNLµ 3ORYGLY FAUNISTIC DIVERSITY OF VRACHANSKI BALKAN NATURE PARK. ZOONOTES, SUPPLEMENT 3 Editors Dimitar Bechev and Dilian Georgiev 2QOLQH,661 ZZZ]RRQRWHVELRXQLSORYGLYEJ 3ULQW,6%1[[[[[[[[978-619-202-136-8 IRUWKLVLVVXHRQO\ Technical assistant:,YDQND3RSRYD Cover photo:9HUWLFDOURFNZDOO´2JOHGDODWDµ9UDWVDWD*RUJHVRXWKZHVWRI 9UDWVD3KRWR'%HFKHY 3ORYGLY8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV´3DLVLL+LOHQGDUVNLµ 3ORYGLY Contents )RUHZRUG 'LPLWDU%(&+(9'LOLDQ*(25*,(9 *HRJUDSKLFIHDWXUHVRI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV =ODWND',0,7529$ 5HYLHZRIVSHFLHVRIWKHSK\OXP$FDQWKRFHSKDODUHFRUGHGIURP 9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV Dilian GEORGIEV 7KHDTXDWLFPROOXVFV 0ROOXVFD*DVWURSRGDDQG%LYDOYLD RI9UDFKDQVNL %DONDQ1DWXUȓ3DUN««« ,YDLOR'('298OULFK6&+1(33$7)DELD.QHFKWOH*/2**(5 &RQWULEXWLRQWRWKHNQRZOHGJHRIWKHWHUUHVWULDOJDVWURSRGV 0ROOXVFD *DVWURSRGD IURPWKH9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV««««« ,YDQ3$1'2856.,$SRVWRO$32672/29 &UXVWDFHDQVIURPWKHJURXQGZDWHUVRI9UDWFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« 9LFWRU)(7$OH[L32329 7KHVFRUSLRQRI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV««« Christo DELTSHEV6toyan LAZAROV 6SLGHUVIURPWKH9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV $UDFKQLGD$UDQHDH « Dilian GEORGIEV 3XEOLVKHGUHFRUGVRIOLPQRWHUUHVWULDOWDUGLJUDGHV 7DUGLJUDGD +HWHURWDUGLJUDGD(XWDUGLJUDGD IURP9UDFKDQVNL%DONDQ1DWXUH3DUN« YDQND9,',129$/\XERPLU KENDEROV 0D\IOLHV (SKHPHURSWHUD,QVHFWD IURP9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« $QHOL\D3$9/29$'LPLWDU%(&+(9 'UDJRQIOLHV 2GRQDWD IURP9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV«« 9LROHWD7<8)(.&+,(9$9HVHOD(97,029$/\XERPLU.(1'(529 6WRQHIOLHV 3OHFRSWHUD,QVHFWD IURP9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« $OH[L32329'UDJDQ&+2%$129 2UWKRSWHUD%ODWWRGHDDQG0DQWRGHDRI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« <DQD3(7529$(YJHQL&+(+/$529'HQLV*5$',1$529 6FDUDEDHRLGEHHWOHV &ROHRSWHUD6FDUDEDHRLGHD IURP9UDFKDQVND 3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQVDQG9UDFKDQVNL%DONDQ1DWXUH3DUN«« 'LPLWDU%(&+(9$QHOL\D3$9/29$ /HDIEHHWOHV &ROHRSWHUD&KU\VRPHOLGDH RI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD 0RXQWDLQV«««««««««««««««« 9HUD$172129$$OEHQD/$3(9$*-2129$'HQLV*5$',1$529 $QWV +\PHQRSWHUD)RUPLFLGDH IURP9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« Vesela(97,029$9ioleta7<8)(.&+,(9$/\XERPLU KENDEROV &DGGLVÁ\ODUYDH 7ULFKRSWHUD,QVHFWD IURPWKH9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD 0RXQWDLQV« 'LPLWDU%(&+(9$QHOLD3$9/29$ )XQJXVJQDWV 'LSWHUD%ROLWRSKLOLGDH'LDGRFLGLLGDH'LWRP\LLGDH .HURSODWLGDHDQG0\FHWRSKLOLDGH RI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« Diana GANEVA 7KH+RUVH)OLHV 'LSWHUD7DEDQLGDH RIWKH9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD 0RXQWDLQV« Petar BERON 7HUUHVWULDOFDYHLQYHUWHEUDWHVRIWKH9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« %RULVODY1$80291LNROD\7=$1.29.UDVLPLU'21&+(9%R\DQ3(7529$QGUHL 672-$129*HRUJL323*(25*,(9,YHOLQ02//299ODGLPLU%(6+.29 7KH+HUSHWRIDXQD $PSKLELDDQG5HSWLOLD RI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0WV 6SHFLHV&RPSRVLWLRQ'LVWULEXWLRQDQG&RQVHUYDWLRQ« *HRUJL672<$129.UDVLPLU'21&+(9 %LUGVRI9UDFKDQVNL%DONDQ1DWXUȓ3DUN« 1HGNR1('<$/.29<RUGDQ.26+(9 6SHFLHVFRPSRVLWLRQDQGFRQVHUYDWLRQRIVPDOOPDPPDOV 0DPPDOLD (ULQDFHRPRUSKD6RULFRPRUSKD/DJRPRUSKD5RGHQWLD LQ9UDFKDQVND 3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV« Dilian GEORGIEV 7KHODUJHPDPPDOV &DUQLYRUD$UWLRGDFW\OD RI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD 0RXQWDLQV« Svetoslav&+(6+0('-,(9/\XERPLU.(1'(5297ihomir67()$1293lamen ,9$129 Vesela(97,029$<DQND9,',129$9ioleta7<8)(.&+,(9$ Teodora TEOFILOVA (FRORJLFDOFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIWKHPDLQULYHUFDWFKPHQWVLQ9UDFKDQVND 3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQV«« =ODWR]DU%2(9 3DOHRELRGLYHUVLW\RIWKH9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQD0RXQWDLQVLQWKH9LOODIUDQFKLDQ DFDVHVWXG\RIWKH9DUVKHWV 'ROQR2]LURYR (DUO\3OHLVWRFHQHORFDOLW\RIIRVVLO IDXQDDQGIORUD«« 'LPLWDU%(&+(9$QHOLD672-$129$$QHOL\D3$9/29$,YDQNDPOPOVA )DXQLVWLFGLYHUVW\RI9UDFKDQNL%DONDQ1DWXUH3DUN««««« ǿȨȒȨȞȔȎțȖȓ ǽȞȓȒȑȜȐȜȞ DzȖȚȖȠȨȞǯdzȅdzǰDzȖșȭțDZdzǼǾDZǶdzǰ DZȓȜȑȞȎȢȟȘȖȜȟȜȏȓțȜȟȠȖțȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǵșȎȠȘȎDzǶǺǶȀǾǼǰǮ ǽȞȓȑșȓȒțȎȐȖȒȜȐȓȠȓȜȠȠȖȝ$FDQWKRFHSKDODȟȨȜȏȧȓțȖȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎ ȝșȎțȖțȎ DzȖșȭțDZdzǼǾDZǶdzǰ ǿșȎȒȘȜȐȜȒțȖȠȓȚȓȘȜȠȓșȖțȎǽȞȖȞȜȒȓțȝȎȞȘǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȖǯȎșȘȎț ǶȐȎȗșȜDzdzDzǼǰȁșȞȖȣȆǻdzǽǮȀȂȎȏȖȎǸțȓȥȠșȓDZǹǼDZdzǾ ǽȞȖțȜȟȘȨȚȖȕȡȥȎȐȎțȓȠȜțȎȟȡȣȜȕȓȚțȖȠȓȜȣșȬȐȖ 0ROOXVFD *DVWURSRGD țȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǶȐȎțǽǮǻDzȁǾǿǸǶǮȝȜȟȠȜșǮǽǼǿȀǼǹǼǰ ǾȎȘȜȜȏȞȎȕțȖ &UXVWDFHD ȜȠȝȜȒȕȓȚțȖȠȓȐȜȒȖțȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǰȖȘȠȜȞȂdzȀǮșȓȘȟȖǽǼǽǼǰ ǿȘȜȞȝȖȜțȨȠțȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȠȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ȃȞȖȟȠȜDzdzǹȅdzǰǿȠȜȭțǹǮǵǮǾǼǰ ǽȎȭȤȖȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ $UDFKQLGD$UDQHDH DzȖșȭțDZdzǼǾDZǶdzǰ ǽȡȏșȖȘȡȐȎțȖȒȎțțȖȕȎȟȡȣȜȕȓȚțȖȠȎȞȒȖȑȞȎȒȖ 7DUGLJUDGD +HWHURWDUGLJUDGD(XWDUGLJUDGD ȜȠǽȞȖȞȜȒȓțȝȎȞȘǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȖ ǯȎșȘȎț ȍțȘȎǰǶDzǶǻǼǰǮǹȬȏȜȚȖȞǸdzǻDzdzǾǼǰ dzȒțȜȒțȓȐȘȖ (SKHPHURSWHUD,QVHFWD ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȠȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǮțȓșȖȭǽǮǰǹǼǰǮDzȖȚȖȠȨȞǯdzȅdzǰ ǰȜȒțȖȘȜțȥȓȠȎ 2GRQDWD ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ««««««« ǰȖȜșȓȠȎȀȌȂdzǸȅǶdzǰǮǰȓȟȓșȎdzǰȀǶǺǼǰǮǹȬȏȜȚȖȞǸdzǻDzdzǾǼǰ ǽȓȞșȖ 3OHFRSWHUD,QVHFWD ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǮșȓȘȟȖǽǼǽǼǰDzȞȎȑȎțȅǼǯǮǻǼǰ ǽȞȎȐȜȘȞȖșȖȠȓțȎȟȓȘȜȚȖ 2UWKRSWHUD ȣșȓȏȎȞȘȖȠȓ %ODWWRGHD Ȗ ȏȜȑȜȚȜșȘȖȠȓ 0DQWRGHD țȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȠȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ȍțȎǽdzȀǾǼǰǮdzȐȑȓțȖȅdzȃǹǮǾǼǰDzȓțȖȟDZǾǮDzǶǻǮǾǼǰ ǿȘȎȞȎȏȓȜȖȒțȖȏȞȨȚȏȎȞȖ &ROHRSWHUD6FDUDEDHRLGHD ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȠȎ ȝșȎțȖțȎȖǽȞȖȞȜȒȓțȝȎȞȘǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȖǯȎșȘȎț DzȖȚȖȠȨȞǯdzȅdzǰǮțȓșȖȭǽǮǰǹǼǰǮ ǯȞȨȚȏȨȞȖșȖȟȠȜȭȒȖ &ROHRSWHUD&KU\VRPHOLGDH țȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎ ȝșȎțȖțȎ ǰȓȞȎǮǻȀǼǻǼǰǮǮșȏȓțȎǹǮǽdzǰǮDZȊǼǻǼǰǮDzȖțȖȟDZǾǮDzǶǻǮǾǼǰ ǺȞȎȐȘȖ +\PHQRSWHUD)RUPLFLGDH ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǰȓȟȓșȎdzǰȀǶǺǼǰǮǰȖȜșȓȠȎȀȌȂdzǸȅǶdzǰǮǹȬȏȜȚȖȞǸdzǻDzdzǾǼǰ ǾȡȥȓȗțȖȤȖ 7ULFKRSWHUD,QVHFWD ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ DzȖȚȖȠȨȞǯdzȅdzǰǮțȓșȖȭǽǮǰǹǼǰǮ DZȨȏțȖȘȜȚȎȞȖ 'LSWHUD%ROLWRSKLOLGDH'LDGRFLGLLGDH'LWRP\LLGDH .HURSODWLGDHDQG0\FHWRSKLOLDGH ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ DzȖȎțȎDZǮǻdzǰǮ ǸȜțȟȘȖȚȡȣȖ 'LSWHUD7DEDQLGDH ȜȠǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǽȓȠȨȞǯdzǾǼǻ ǿȡȣȜȕȓȚțȖȠȓȝȓȧȓȞțȖȏȓȕȑȞȨȏțȎȥțȖȐȨȐǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǯȜȞȖȟșȎȐǻǮȁǺǼǰǻȖȘȜșȎȗȄǮǻǸǼǰǸȞȎȟȖȚȖȞDzǼǻȅdzǰǯȜȭțǽdzȀǾǼǰ ǮțȒȞȓȗǿȀǼȍǻǼǰDZȓȜȞȑȖǽǼǽDZdzǼǾDZǶdzǰǶȐȓșȖțǺǼǹǹǼǰ ǰșȎȒȖȚȖȞǯdzȆǸǼǰ ȃȓȞȝȓȠȜȢȎȡțȎȠȎ $PSKLELD 5HSWLOLD țȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ² ǰȖȒȜȐȟȨȟȠȎȐȞȎȕȝȞȜȟȠȞȎțȓțȖȓȖȜȝȎȕȐȎțȓ DZȓȜȞȑȖǿȀǼȍǻǼǰǸȞȎȟȖȚȖȞDzǼǻȅdzǰ ǽȠȖȤȖȠȓțȎǽȞȖȞȜȒȓțȝȎȞȘǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȖǯȎșȘȎț ǻȓȒȘȜǻdzDzȍǹǸǼǰǷȜȞȒȎțǸǼȆdzǰ ǰȖȒȜȐȟȨȟȠȎȐȖȘȜțȟȓȞȐȎȤȖȜțȓțȟȠȎȠȡȟțȎȒȞȓȏțȖȠȓȏȜȕȎȗțȖȤȖ 0DPPDOLD(ULQDFHRPRUSKD6RULFRPRUSKD/DJRPRUSKD5RGHQWLD țȎ ǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ DzȖșȭțDZdzǼǾDZǶdzǰ dzȒȞȖȠȓȏȜȕȎȗțȖȤȖ &DUQLYRUD$UWLRGDFW\OD țȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǿȐȓȠȜȟșȎȐȅdzȆǺdzDzǴǶdzǰǹȬȏȜȚȖȞǸdzǻDzdzǾǼǰȀȖȣȜȚȖȞǿȀdzȂǮǻǼǰ ǽșȎȚȓțǶǰǮǻǼǰǰȓȟȓșȎdzǰȀǶǺǼǰǮȍțȘȎǰǶDzǶǻǼǰǮǰȖȜșȓȠȎ ȀȌȂdzǸȅǶdzǰǮȀȓȜȒȜȞȎȀdzǼȂǶǹǼǰǮ dzȘȜșȜȑȖȥțȎȣȎȞȎȘȠȓȞȖȟȠȖȘȎțȎȜȟțȜȐțȖȠȓȞȓȥțȖȐȜȒȜȟȏȜȞȖȐȨȐ ǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎ ǵșȎȠȜȕȎȞǯǼdzǰ ǽȎșȓȜȏȖȜȞȎȕțȜȜȏȞȎȕȖȓȠȜțȎǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȎȝșȎțȖțȎȝȞȓȕȐȖșȎȢȞȎțȘȎ ȝȞȖȚȓȞțȜȖȕȟșȓȒȐȎțȓțȎȞȎțțȜȝșȓȗȟȠȜȤȓțȟȘȜȠȜțȎȣȜȒȖȧȓǰȨȞȦȓȤ DzȜșțȜǼȕȖȞȜȐȜ țȎȢȜȟȖșțȎȢȎȡțȎȖȢșȜȞȎ DzȖȚȖȠȨȞǯdzȅdzǰǮțȓșȖȭǿȀǼȍǻǼǰǮǮțȓșȖȭǽǮǰǹ2ǰǮǶȐȎțȘȎǽǼǽǼǰǮ ȂȎȡțȖȟȠȖȥțȜȞȎȕțȜȜȏȞȎȕȖȓțȎǽȞȖȞȜȒȓțȝȎȞȘǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȖǯȎșȘȎț Foreword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he Editors ǽȞȓȒȑȜȐȜȞ ȀȎȐȎȟȨȐȚȓȟȠțȜȖȕȒȎțȖȓțȎDzȖȞȓȘȤȖȭțȎȝȞȖȞȜȒȓțȝȎȞȘǰȞȎȥȎțȟȘȖǯȎșȘȎțȖ ȟȝȖȟȎțȖȓ=RR1RWHVȟȨȒȨȞȔȎȢȎȡțȖȟȠȖȥțȖȟȠȎȠȖȖȕȎȞȎȕșȖȥțȖȑȞȡȝȖȔȖȐȜȠțȖȜȠȠȜȕȖ ȖțȠȓȞȓȟȓț ȞȎȗȜț țȎ ǯȨșȑȎȞȖȭ ǿȠȎȠȖȖȠȓ ȜȏȜȏȧȎȐȎȠ ȝȡȏșȖȘȡȐȎțȖ Ȑȓȥȓ Ȗ ȝȞȓȒȟȠȎȐȭȠ ȚțȜȑȜțȜȐȖȒȎțțȖȕȎȞȓȤȓțȠțȖȐȖȒȎ$FDQWKRFHSKDODȐȜȒțȖ*DVWURSRGDȖ%LYDOYLD ȟȡȣȜȕȓȚțȖ *DVWURSRGD &UXVWDFHD 6FRUSLRQHV $UDQHDH 7DUGLJUDGD (SKHPHURSWHUD 2GRQDWD 3OHFRSWHUD 2UWKRSWHUD %ODWWRGHD 0DQWRGHD 6FDUDEDHRLGHD &KU\VRPHOLGDH )RUPLFLGDH 7ULFKRSWHUD %ROLWRSKLOLGDH 'LDGRFLGLLGDH 'LWRP\LLGDH .HURSODWLGDH 0\FHWRSKLOLDGH7DEDQLGDHȟȡȣȜȕȓȚțȖȝȓȧȓȞțȖȏȓȕȑȞȨȏțȎȥțȖ3LVFHV$PSKLELD5HSWLOLD $YHV0DPPDOLDȖȕȎțȭȘȜȖȢȜȟȖșțȖȠȎȘȟȜțȖ ǼȠ ȞȓȒȎȘȠȜȞȖȠȓ Bechev, D. & Georgiev, D. (Eds.), Faunistic diversity of Vrachanski Balkan Nature Park. ZooNotes, Supplement 3, Plovdiv University Press, Plovdiv, 2016 Geographic features of Vrachanska Planina Mountains DIMITAR BECHEV, DILIAN GEORGIEV Situation, relief, climate, soils Vrachanska Planina Mts. is situated in North-Western Bulgaria (Fig. 1), north of the main chain of Stara Planiana Mts. with which is connected by the so called Druzhevska 6HGORYLQD5LGJH QHDU'UX]KHYRYLOODJH ,WLVGHÀQHGE\WKH9UDFKDQVNR3ROH/RZODQGWR the north and north-east, and by Botunya and Bela Rivers to the west and by Iskar River WRWKHVRXWK/RZHVWSDUWVRIWKHPRXQWDLQDUHRIDURXQGPDOWLWXGHDQGKLJKHVWSHDN LV%HJOLFKND0RJLODZLWKPDOW 7KHPDLQSDUWRIWKHPRXQWDLQLVDSURWHFWHGDUHDWKH9UDFKDQVNL%DONDQ1DWXUH 3DUN KD DQGDOVRWKH9UDFKDQVNL.DUVW5HVHUYH KD 7KH UHOLHI RI WKH PRXQWDLQ LV FRPSOH[ 7ZR PDLQ PHGLXP VL]HG ULYHUV /HYD DQG &KHUQD DQGDYDULHW\RIVPDOOHURQHVDQGPDQ\VWUHDPVDUHIRUPLQJGHHSJRUJHV7KH XSSHU URFN OD\HUV DUH FRQVLVWHG E\ WULDVVLF MXUDVVLF DQG FUHWDFHRXV OLPHVWRQH DQG dolomites which are forming cliffs, mesas, tors, stone runs and surface karst formations. Vrachanska Planina is one of the richest areas on caves in Bulgaria. There are over WKDQ GLIIHUHQW FDYHV DQG SRWKROHV ZLWK P PD[LPDO GHSWK DQG P OHQJWK %HURQ 0DLQVRLOW\SHVRIWKHPRXQWDLQDUH'LVWULF(XWULF&DPELVROV*UD\/XYLVROVDQG Rendzinas. 7KHFOLPDWHRIWKHUHJLRQLVWHPSHUDWH Flora and vegetation %DVLFVWXGLHVRQWKHÁRUDRI9UDFKDQVND3ODQLQDDUHWKRVHRI8UXPRY $KWDURY DQG RQ WKH YHJHWDWLRQ ² RI 9HOFKHY $OO LQIRUPDWLRQ SXEOLVKHG RQ KLJKHU SODQWV ZLWKRXW EU\RSKLWHV FRQFHUQLQJ 9UDFKDQVNL
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cryptic Speciation Patterns in Iranian Rock Lizards Uncovered by Integrative Taxonomy
    Cryptic Speciation Patterns in Iranian Rock Lizards Uncovered by Integrative Taxonomy Faraham Ahmadzadeh1,2*, Morris Flecks2, Miguel A. Carretero3, Omid Mozaffari4, Wolfgang Bo¨ hme2,D. James Harris3, Susana Freitas3, Dennis Ro¨ dder2 1 Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, 2 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany, 3 Centro de Investigac¸a˜o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gene´ticos, Universidade do Porto, Vaira˜o, Porto, Portugal, 4 Aria Herpetological Institute, Tehran, Iran Abstract While traditionally species recognition has been based solely on morphological differences either typological or quantitative, several newly developed methods can be used for a more objective and integrative approach on species delimitation. This may be especially relevant when dealing with cryptic species or species complexes, where high overall resemblance between species is coupled with comparatively high morphological variation within populations. Rock lizards, genus Darevskia, are such an example, as many of its members offer few diagnostic morphological features. Herein, we use a combination of genetic, morphological and ecological criteria to delimit cryptic species within two species complexes, D. chlorogaster and D. defilippii, both distributed in northern Iran. Our analyses are based on molecular information from two nuclear and two mitochondrial genes, morphological data (15 morphometric, 16 meristic and four categorical characters) and eleven newly calculated spatial environmental predictors. The phylogeny inferred for Darevskia confirmed monophyly of each species complex, with each of them comprising several highly divergent clades, especially when compared to other congeners. We identified seven candidate species within each complex, of which three and four species were supported by Bayesian species delimitation within D.
    [Show full text]
  • Darevskia Praticola)
    Amphibia-Reptilia 39 (2018): 229-238 Aspects of thermal ecology of the meadow lizard (Darevskia praticola) Jelena Corovi´ c´1,∗, Jelka Crnobrnja-Isailovic´1,2 Abstract. We studied the thermal biology of the meadow lizard (Darevskia praticola) in the peripheral part of its distribution range (westernmost edge of the distribution area). We assessed whether these lizards actively thermoregulate, estimated the accuracy and effectiveness of thermoregulation, and evaluated the thermal quality of the habitat using the standard thermal parameters: body (Tb), preferred (Tpref) with set-point range (Tset) and operative temperatures (Te). Tset of the meadow lizard under controlled laboratory conditions was between 27.8°C and 31.4°C. In the field Tb and Te averaged 29.0°C and 26.1°C, respectively. A large proportion of Tes fell below the Tset range of the meadow lizard, and lizard Tbs were substantially closer to the species’ Tset range. Obtained values of thermoregulatory indices suggested that the meadow lizard thermoregulated actively, with a rather high accuracy (db = 0.8) and effectiveness (E = 0.8andde − db = 2.6), and that their habitat at this locality was thermally favourable during the spring. Our results suggest that thermal requirements of the meadow lizard resemble those of alpine lacertids, while their TbsandTset are lower than in most lacertid lizards. Further thermoregulation studies could be an important step in predicting the impact of the global climate change on the meadow lizard and the risks of local extinctions of its peripheral populations. Keywords: field body temperatures, Lacertidae, peripheral populations, preferred temperatures, thermoregulation. Introduction According to Arnold (1987), European lacer- tid lizards do not differ much regarding feed- Reptiles thermoregulate in response to differ- ing ecology, foraging strategies, activity pat- ent temperatures, which enables them to gather terns and thermoregulatory behaviour.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Approach to an Old Conundrumdna Barcoding Sheds
    Molecular Ecology Resources (2010) doi: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02937.x DNA BARCODING A new approach to an old conundrum—DNA barcoding sheds new light on phenotypic plasticity and morphological stasis in microsnails (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Carychiidae) ALEXANDER M. WEIGAND,* ADRIENNE JOCHUM,* MARKUS PFENNINGER,† DIRK STEINKE‡ and ANNETTE KLUSSMANN-KOLB*,† *Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Siesmayerstrasse 70, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, †Research Centre Biodiversity and Climate, Siesmayerstrasse 70, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, ‡Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON N1G 2V7, Canada Abstract The identification of microsnail taxa based on morphological characters is often a time-consuming and inconclusive process. Aspects such as morphological stasis and phenotypic plasticity further complicate their taxonomic designation. In this study, we demonstrate that the application of DNA barcoding can alleviate these problems within the Carychiidae (Gastro- poda, Pulmonata). These microsnails are a taxon of the pulmonate lineage and most likely migrated onto land indepen- dently of the Stylommatophora clade. Their taxonomical classification is currently based on conchological and anatomical characters only. Despite much confusion about historic species assignments, the Carychiidae can be unambiguously subdi- vided into two taxa: (i) Zospeum species, which are restricted to karst caves, and (ii) Carychium species, which occur in a broad range of environmental conditions. The implementation of discrete molecular data (COI marker) enabled us to cor- rectly designate 90% of the carychiid microsnails. The remaining cases were probably cryptic Zospeum and Carychium taxa and incipient species, which require further investigation into their species status. Because conventional reliance upon mostly continuous (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Text (.PDF)
    Journal of Research in Ecology An International Scientific Research Journal Original Research Does distribution of Acridomorpha is influenced by parasitoid attack? A model with Scelio aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951) in the experimental farm Authors: ABSTRACT: ElSayed WM Abu ElEla SA and In a survey of the Acridomorpha assemblage in two different sampling Eesa NM localities I and II at an experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University-ten different species had been recorded. These species were belonging to two subfamilies and representing ten tribes. Family Acrididae was found to exhibit the highest number of tribes (8 tribes and 8 species) whereas, family Pyrgomorphinae was represented by Institution: only two tribes harboring two species. The current research provides an attempt to Department of Entomology, point out the significance of Scelio aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951) potential Faculty of Science, parasitoidism on natural acridomorphine populations through examining the egg- Cairo University, pods. It was clear that only three acridomorphine species; Aiolopus thalassinus Giza-12613-Egypt. (Fabricius, 1798), Acrotylus patruelis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838) and Pyrgomorpha conica (Olivier, 1791), were virtually attacked by the hymenopterous S. aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951). Keywords: Parasitoidism, Acridomorpha, Scelio aegyptiacus, Stenophagous, presence- absence. Corresponding author: Article Citation: El-Sayed WM ElSayed WM,Abu ElEla SA and Eesa NM Does distribution of Acridomorpha is influenced by parasitoid attack? A model
    [Show full text]
  • ED45E Rare and Scarce Species Hierarchy.Pdf
    104 Species 55 Mollusc 8 Mollusc 334 Species 181 Mollusc 28 Mollusc 44 Species 23 Vascular Plant 14 Flowering Plant 45 Species 23 Vascular Plant 14 Flowering Plant 269 Species 149 Vascular Plant 84 Flowering Plant 13 Species 7 Mollusc 1 Mollusc 42 Species 21 Mollusc 2 Mollusc 43 Species 22 Mollusc 3 Mollusc 59 Species 30 Mollusc 4 Mollusc 59 Species 31 Mollusc 5 Mollusc 68 Species 36 Mollusc 6 Mollusc 81 Species 43 Mollusc 7 Mollusc 105 Species 56 Mollusc 9 Mollusc 117 Species 63 Mollusc 10 Mollusc 118 Species 64 Mollusc 11 Mollusc 119 Species 65 Mollusc 12 Mollusc 124 Species 68 Mollusc 13 Mollusc 125 Species 69 Mollusc 14 Mollusc 145 Species 81 Mollusc 15 Mollusc 150 Species 84 Mollusc 16 Mollusc 151 Species 85 Mollusc 17 Mollusc 152 Species 86 Mollusc 18 Mollusc 158 Species 90 Mollusc 19 Mollusc 184 Species 105 Mollusc 20 Mollusc 185 Species 106 Mollusc 21 Mollusc 186 Species 107 Mollusc 22 Mollusc 191 Species 110 Mollusc 23 Mollusc 245 Species 136 Mollusc 24 Mollusc 267 Species 148 Mollusc 25 Mollusc 270 Species 150 Mollusc 26 Mollusc 333 Species 180 Mollusc 27 Mollusc 347 Species 189 Mollusc 29 Mollusc 349 Species 191 Mollusc 30 Mollusc 365 Species 196 Mollusc 31 Mollusc 376 Species 203 Mollusc 32 Mollusc 377 Species 204 Mollusc 33 Mollusc 378 Species 205 Mollusc 34 Mollusc 379 Species 206 Mollusc 35 Mollusc 404 Species 221 Mollusc 36 Mollusc 414 Species 228 Mollusc 37 Mollusc 415 Species 229 Mollusc 38 Mollusc 416 Species 230 Mollusc 39 Mollusc 417 Species 231 Mollusc 40 Mollusc 418 Species 232 Mollusc 41 Mollusc 419 Species 233
    [Show full text]
  • Do Public Fund Windfalls Increase Corruption? Evidence from a Natural Disaster Elena Nikolovaa Nikolay Marinovb 68131 Mannheim A5-6, Germany October 5, 2016
    Do Public Fund Windfalls Increase Corruption? Evidence from a Natural Disaster Elena Nikolovaa Nikolay Marinovb 68131 Mannheim A5-6, Germany October 5, 2016 Abstract We show that unexpected financial windfalls increase corruption in local govern- ment. Our analysis uses a new data set on flood-related transfers, and the associated spending infringements, which the Bulgarian central government distributed to mu- nicipalities following torrential rains in 2004 and 2005. Using information from the publicly available audit reports we are able to build a unique objective index of cor- ruption. We exploit the quasi-random nature of the rainfall shock (conditional on controls for ground flood risk) to isolate exogenous variation in the amount of funds received by each municipality. Our results imply that a 10 % increase in the per capita amount of disbursed funds leads to a 9.8% increase in corruption. We also present suggestive evidence that more corrupt mayors anticipated punishment by voters and dropped out of the next election race. Our results highlight the governance pitfalls of non-tax transfers, such as disaster relief or assistance from international organizations, even in moderately strong democracies. Keywords: corruption, natural disasters, governance JEL codes: D73, H71, P26 aResearch Fellow, Central European Labour Studies Institute, Slovakia and associated researcher, IOS Regensburg, Germany. Email: [email protected]. We would like to thank Erik Bergl¨of,Rikhil Bhav- nani, Simeon Djankov, Sergei Guriev, Stephan Litschig, Ivan Penkov, Grigore Pop-Eleches, Sandra Sequeira and conference participants at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the European Public Choice Society, Groningen, the 2015 American Political Science Association, San Francisco and seminar participants at Brunel, King's College workshop on corruption, and LSE for useful comments, and Erik Bergl¨ofand Stefka Slavova for help with obtaining Bulgarian rainfall data.
    [Show full text]
  • 7563/11 HGN/Tt 1 DG H 2B COUNCIL of the EUROPEAN
    COUNCIL OF Brussels, 10 March 2011 THE EUROPEAN UNION 7563/11 COPEN 44 EJN 20 EUROJUST 29 NOTE from: Bulgarian Permanent Representation to Delegations Subject: Council Framework Decision 2006/783/JHA of 6 October 2006 on the application of the principle of mutual recognition to confiscation orders – the Republic of Bulgaria Delegations will find enclosed the notification made by Bulgaria in relation to the abovementioned framework decision. _______________ 7563/11 HGN/tt 1 DG H 2B EN DECLARATIONS AND NOTIFICATIONS BY THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 3, ARTICLE 7(5) AND ARTICLE 19 OF COUNCIL FRAMEWORK DECISION 2006/783/JHA OF 6 OCTOBER 2006 ON THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF MUTUAL RECOGNITION TO CONFISCATION ORDERS The Republic of Bulgaria hereby notifies the General Secretariat of the Council of the following declarations and notifications pursuant to Council Framework Decision 2006/783/JHA of 6 October 2006 on the application of the principle of mutual recognition to confiscation orders and the Law on the recognition, execution and transmission of decisions on confiscation or seizure and decisions on the enforcement of financial penalties adopted by the National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria on 11 February 2010 (published in the State Journal of the Republic of Bulgaria No 15 of 23 February 2010), which transposes the abovementioned Framework Decision into the law of the Republic of Bulgaria. 1) Notification pursuant to Article 3 of Framework Decision 2006/783/JHA (determination of the competent authorities): (а) When the Republic of Bulgaria is the executing State: The competent authorities with regard to the recognition of confiscation or seizure orders shall be the provincial courts and Sofia City Court.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Noteworthy Findings of Fungus Gnats from Finland and Northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae)
    Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1068 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1068 Taxonomic paper Recent noteworthy findings of fungus gnats from Finland and northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae) Jevgeni Jakovlev†, Jukka Salmela ‡,§, Alexei Polevoi|, Jouni Penttinen ¶, Noora-Annukka Vartija# † Finnish Environment Insitutute, Helsinki, Finland ‡ Metsähallitus (Natural Heritage Services), Rovaniemi, Finland § Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland | Forest Research Institute KarRC RAS, Petrozavodsk, Russia ¶ Metsähallitus (Natural Heritage Services), Jyväskylä, Finland # Toivakka, Myllyntie, Finland Corresponding author: Jukka Salmela ([email protected]) Academic editor: Vladimir Blagoderov Received: 10 Feb 2014 | Accepted: 01 Apr 2014 | Published: 02 Apr 2014 Citation: Jakovlev J, Salmela J, Polevoi A, Penttinen J, Vartija N (2014) Recent noteworthy findings of fungus gnats from Finland and northwestern Russia (Diptera: Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae). Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1068. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1068 Abstract New faunistic data on fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaroidea excluding Sciaridae) from Finland and NW Russia (Karelia and Murmansk Region) are presented. A total of 64 and 34 species are reported for the first time form Finland and Russian Karelia, respectively. Nine of the species are also new for the European fauna: Mycomya shewelli Väisänen, 1984,M. thula Väisänen, 1984, Acnemia trifida Zaitzev, 1982, Coelosia gracilis Johannsen, 1912, Orfelia krivosheinae Zaitzev, 1994, Mycetophila biformis Maximova, 2002, M. monstera Maximova, 2002, M. uschaica Subbotina & Maximova, 2011 and Trichonta palustris Maximova, 2002. Keywords Sciaroidea, Fennoscandia, faunistics © Jakovlev J et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
    [Show full text]
  • Alien Beetle Species in the Republic of Moldova: a Review of Their Origin and Main Impact
    Российской академии наук Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова (ИПЭЭ РАН) Российский Журнал Биологических Инвазий (ISSN – 1996–1499) Основан в январе 2008 г. Выходит 4 раза в год Главный редактор академик РАН Дгебуадзе Юрий Юлианович Заместитель главного редактора д.б.н., Петросян Варос Гарегинович Ответственный секретарь к.б.н., Дергунова Наталья Николаевна Редакционная коллегия к.б.н., В.В. Бобров, д.б.н., Ю.К. Виноградова, д.б.н., А.Ю. Звягинцев, д.б.н., С.С. Ижевский, д.б.н., И.Н. Ильин, д.б.н., Крылов А.В., к.б.н., В.Ю. Масляков, к.б.н., О.В. Морозова, академик РАН, Д.С. Павлов, д.б.н., А.Н. Пельгунов, д.б.н., Н.М. Пронин, к.б.н., Ю.В. Слынько, д.б.н., И.В. Телеш, к.б.н., И.Ю. Фенева, к.б.н., Л.А. Хляп, д.б.н., Шиганова Т.А., д.б.н., Г.Х. Щербина Тематика журнала Теоретические вопросы биологических инвазий (теория, моделирование, результаты наблюдений и экспериментов): инвазионные коридоры, векторы инвазий, адаптации видов– вселенцев, уязвимость аборигенных экосистем, оценка риска инвазий, генетические, экологические, биологические, биогеографические и эволюционные аспекты влияния чужеродных видов на биологическое разнообразие биосистем различных уровней организации. Мониторинг инвазионного процесса (сообщения о нахождении организмов за пределами естественного ареала, динамике расселения, темпах натурализации). Методы, средства накопления, обработки и представления данных прикладных исследований (новые разработки, моделирование, результаты исследований) с применением фактографических и геоинформационных систем. Использование результатов исследований биологических инвазий (методы и новые фундаментальные результаты) при изучении морских, пресноводных и наземных видов, популяций, сообществ и экосистем. Контроль, рациональное использование и борьба с видами вселенцами.
    [Show full text]
  • Histoires Naturelles N°16 Histoires Naturelles N°16
    Histoires Naturelles n°16 Histoires Naturelles n°16 Essai de liste des Coléoptères de France Cyrille Deliry - Avril 2011 ! - 1 - Histoires Naturelles n°16 Essai de liste des Coléoptères de France Les Coléoptères forment l"ordre de plus diversifié de la Faune avec près de 400000 espèces indiquées dans le Monde. On en compte près de 20000 en Europe et pus de 9600 en France. Classification des Coléoptères Lawrence J.F. & Newton A.F. 1995 - Families and subfamilies of Coleoptera (with selected genera, notes, references and data on family-group names) In : Biology, Phylogeny, and Classification of Coleoptera. - éd. J.Pakaluk & S.A Slipinski, Varsovie : 779-1006. Ordre Coleoptera Sous-ordre Archostemata - Fam. Ommatidae, Crowsoniellidae, Micromathidae, Cupedidae Sous-ordre Myxophaga - Fam. Lepiceridae, Torridincolidae, Hydroscaphidae, Microsporidae Sous-ordre Adephaga - Fam. Gyrinidae, Halipidae, Trachypachidae, Noteridae, Amphizoidae, Hygrobiidae, Dytiscidae, Rhysodidae, Carabidae (Carabinae, Cicindelinae, Trechinae...) Sous-ordre Polyphaga Série Staphyliniformia - Superfam. Hydrophyloidea, Staphylinoidea Série Scarabaeiformia - Fam. Lucanidae, Passalidae, Trogidae, Glaresidae, Pleocmidae, Diphyllostomatidae, Geotrupidae, Belohinidae, Ochodaeidae, Ceratocanthidae, Hybrosoridae, Glaphyridae, Scarabaridea (Scarabaeinae, Melolonthinae, Cetoniinae...) Série Elateriformia - Superfam. Scirtoidea, Dascilloidea, Buprestoidea (Buprestidae), Byrrhoidea, Elateroidea (Elateridae, Lampyridae, Cantharidae...) + Incertae sedis - Fam. Podabrocephalidae, Rhinophipidae
    [Show full text]
  • Sandwespe Sphex Funerarius (Gussakovskij 1934) Auf Den Binnendünen Bei Sandhausen Und Walldorf (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)
    Weiser: Beobachtungen zu Vorkommen und Biologie der Heuschrecken-Sandwespe Sphex funerarius 157 Mitt. POLLICHIA 100 157 – 169 14 Abb. Bad Dürkheim 2020 ISSN 0641-9665 (Druckausgabe) ISSN 2367-3168 (Download-Veröffentlichung) Peter WEISER Beobachtungen zu Vorkommen und Biologie der Heuschrecken- Sandwespe Sphex funerarius (GUSSAKOVSKIJ 1934) auf den Binnendünen bei Sandhausen und Walldorf (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) Kurzfassung Abstract Beobachtungen zu Vorkommen und Biologie der Heu- Notices on Occurence and Biology of the Golden Dig- schrecken-Sandwespe Sphex funerarius (Gussakovskij ger Wasp Sphex funerarius (Gussakovskij 1934) on Inland 1934) auf den Binnendünen bei Sandhausen und Walldorf Dunes Near Sandhausen and Walldorf in Baden-Wuert- (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). –– Mitt. POLLICHIA 100: temberg, Germany (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). –– Mitt. 157 – 169, Bad Dürkheim. POLLICHIA 100: 157 – 169, Bad Dürkheim. Die Heuschrecken-Sandwepse (Sphex funerarius) ist die The Golden Digger Wasp (Sphex funerarius) is the big- größte einheimische Grabwespe. Als mediterrane Art gilt gest native digger wasp in Germany. As a Mediterranean sie bei uns als ausgesprochen selten. Sie ist sehr wärmebe- species it is considered rare in our territory. The wasp dürftig und bevorzugt trockene Habitate (xerothermophil), requires warmth and prefers dry habitats (xerothermophi- weshalb sie nur lokal und zeitweilig auftritt. In der Mono- lic). For these reasons it only appears locally and tempora- graphie über die Sandhausener Dünen von 1994 wird als rily. In the monograph about the Sandhausen dunes, 1965 letzte Beobachtung das Jahr 1965 genannt (Krüss 1994). is mentioned as the year of the last observation (Krüss Seit 2016 zählte die Heuschrecken-Sandwespe zu den 1994). Since 2016, the Golden Digger Wasp is among häufigsten Grabwespen um Sandhausen.
    [Show full text]
  • Bracken Fern (Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) Overgrowth on Dry Alpine Grassland Impedes Red List Orthoptera but Supports Local Orthopteran Beta Diversity
    Journal of Insect Conservation https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-021-00333-8 ORIGINAL PAPER Bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) overgrowth on dry Alpine grassland impedes Red List Orthoptera but supports local orthopteran beta diversity Jürg Schlegel1 · Matthias Riesen1 Received: 2 January 2021 / Accepted: 8 June 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract The native bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) has become increasingly invasive in abandoned or undergrazed Alpine grasslands. Bracken stands are generally assumed to be poor in species, but there is still very little information about the impact on the fauna. We recorded Orthoptera communities of 24 sample plots with varying bracken cover. Compared to plots with only sparse or medium bracken cover, species richness was highly signifcantly lower in densely overgrown plots, while the former two did not difer markedly. Multivariate ordination analyses revealed gradients with unequal orthopteran communities, showing distinct patterns of bracken cover clustering. Based on indicator values, 13 of 23 Orthoptera species turned out to be signifcantly or marginally signifcantly associated with a single bracken cover stratum or a combination of two strata, whereby all nine Red List species were primarily restricted to sparse or medium bracken cover. However, some generalist species were found to favor denser bracken stands, such as Tettigonia viridissima, contributing to the local Orthoptera beta diversity. Our data suggest that ongoing rotational sheep grazing with temporary paddocks is regarded as the most preferable management system. However, selected parts of the study area, which have only sparse vegetation and no pressure of bracken or scrub overgrowth, are recommended to be alternately left ungrazed for a few years to allow for the coexistence of diferent successional stages.
    [Show full text]