\Memoir John Lowell

$\Memoir John Lowell$

E M '' M O I R

H N L O W E L L J O , J R

E D W A R D E ' E R E T T .

DELI' ERED AT THE

ta 691mm in c s n es . 3 1839 , ﬁ , ﬁ 1 , ,

W ' H I TROD TO THE LE RES R. L a s T E N U CTION CTU ON M O ELL S F OU N DATION .

M E M O I R

MR . J O HN L O W E L L , J U N .

DELI' ERED AS THE

I N T R O D U C T I O N

TO THE

D LECTURES ON HIS FOUN ATION,

D N 3m D C B 1839 O EO , E EM ER,

EEpEA'rED IN TE E

MARLBOR UGH CHAPEL 2d JANU AR' 1840. O , ,

By EDW RD ' ERE A E TT .

5 B 0 S T O N

D A S B WN . CHARLES C . LITTLE AN J ME RO

M.DCCC . ' L. ERD COL

MAR 3 1 1891

'B RAR

Entered a c c ordin to Ac t of Con res s in the ea r 1840 b g g , y , y

CuA s LI 'r'r LE AN D JAn Es Ba o wu a C. ,

' the lerk s h Dis ri c o urt of the Di ic o a ss ac hus In C Ofﬁce of t e t t C s tr t f M etts . M E M O I R

. W M R J O H N L O E L L , J U N

THE of our i s Of occasion meeting, at this time , a cha racter n ot less unusua l than intere s ting . By

mun iﬁc en c e of . J un . the the late Mr ohn Lowell , j , a testamentary provision was ma de for the estab lis hmen t Of u u s of u u u reg lar co r es p blic lect res , pon the most important branches Of natural and moral . s t o u Of cience , be ann ally delivered in the city

for Bos ton . The sum generously set apart by him t s u s u u hi p rpo e , and amo nting nearly to two h ndred

ﬁf us a 1 t he Of and ty tho nd dollars , 3, with exception

t he u s Of . Gi I a rd of l beq e t the late Mr Phi adelphia,

if I s ha s the largest, mi take not, which ever been

c oun t l appropriated in this y , by a private individ

ua l for of a n u . , the endowment y literary instit tion

Of f u of The idea a o ndation this kind, on which, u n c Of u s ncon ected with any pla e ed cation , provi ion

s of o u is made , in the mid t a large commercial p p

a n for u u f s u u c l tio , ann al co rses o in tr ction by p bli u u ous lect res , to be delivered grat it ly to all who c o s t o fa r h o e attend them , as as it is practicable M J N W JU N 4 EMOIR OF OH LO ELL, .

our I within largest halls , is , believe , original with

. . I n ot the Mr Lowell am aware that, among all

mun iﬁc en t a s Of u est bli hments E rope , there is any thing Of this description upon a large sca le ; and I cannot but regard i t as a concept ion eminently adapted to the character and Wants of our Com u a s ﬁ a m nity, and promising to be bene ci l as it is

original and generous . The form of inst ruction by public lectures has Of greatly prevailed late years , and obtained a high degree Of favor in t his and other parts of the United

- States . It has been ascertained , that twenty six cours es Of lectures were delivered in Bos ton during

n u n s the last season , not i cl di g those which con ist — ed of less than eight lectures many of them by lecturers amply qualiﬁed to afford instruction a n d a e u rational entert inment to an intellig nt a dience .

u i s u These lect res , it calc lated , were attended , in

t he u u ﬁv e hun aggregate , by abo t thirteen tho sand Of w dred persons , at an expense less than t elve

us . tho and dollars This is , probably, a greater number Of lectures than was ever delivered in any previous year ; but the number of courses has been l f of ﬁ steadi y increasing, rom the time their rst s f o u commencement, on the pre ent o ting, abo t ' twenty years ago . It is not easy to conceive of

is u for any plan , by which prov ion co ld be made

Cours es of bota nical lect ures were deliv ered in Bost on by P ro es s ors Pe k a nd Bi e ow i n the ea r 1813 a nd of hemi a e tures f c g l y , c c l l c rha m abou the s a me t i e The s a n b Dr. Go t . t te e t of the n u be y , m m m r

of e tures i n 1839 i s eri v e from the as t an nua re ort of the l c , d d l l p

S e ret a r of the Boa r Of E u ation . 74. c y d d c , p M J W EMOIR OF OHN LO ELL, JUN . 5

the innocent and proﬁtable employment of a part of the leisure time Of so large a portion Of t he u comm nity, at so small an expense . f ufﬁ t These acts s cien ly show the vast importance ,

u of i f Of u as well as the pop larity, th s orm p blic n s u u a u i tr ction , and they nat r lly lead to the q estion ,

' whether it does not admit of improvement in of u t h respect to the character the lect res , and e

basis on Which they a re delivered . In answer to u u f this inq iry, it readily s ggests itsel , that, not withstanding the great and unquestioned beneﬁt u u u f which m st accr e to the comm nity, rom the delivery Of so large a number Of lectures on sci en t iﬁc a n d litera ry subject s to voluntary audienc es of s c both sexes , there are two point , in whi h the

s n f i . ﬁr sy tem is evide tly de ect ve In the st place ,

of u u us the means the instit tions, nder whose a pices

of u u e most the p blic lect res are delivered , are in de quate to hold out a liberal and certain reward t o

Of for of men talent and learning, the preparation

- well digested and systematic courses . The com

en s a t ion fee p is necessarily limited to a moderate , paid from the proc eeds of the subsc riptions to the

u s . s s u co r es A nece sary con eq ence is , that the

of u s u greater part the lect res are mi cellaneo s essays , ff u f delivered by di erent persons , witho t re erence to f eac h other . These ess ays are O ten highly credita ble t o their authors as literary efforts ; and in the

u a re Of aggregate , no do bt , they the vehicle a great b amount Of useful knowledge . But it cannot e

Of u s d denied that the tendency lect re , prepare J W 6 . MEMOIR OF OHN LO ELL , JUN

u u the u of nder these circ mstances , is to disc ssion

o u for u o of p p lar generalities , the prod cti n immediate effect ; and that a succession of s uch lectures during a season can never be expec ted to form a connected f f s u O us u n . eries , pon any branch e l k owledge A few Of u u u instances contin o s co rses, delivered in

f ar s exception to the oregoing rem k , will not, I u be pres me , considered as inconsistent with their

substantial accuracy . In another respect the system Obviously admits

improvement . Although the length of time for which these lectures have been delivered among us u f i s of us , with increasing p blic avor, matter j t

u s Of s fu for s rpri e , in the absence all establi hed nds their support ; yet there 13 j ust ground for a pprehen t he sion , that system may not prove permanent

Without further provi s ion to sustain it . Whatever

for it s u on u f relies s pport retaining the p blic avor , without a liberal compensation for the performance

Of u o labor, and witho t the means f withstanding the

s Of f h s of u caprice as ion and the change pop lar taste ,

Of u s Of t he is, co r e , in some danger declining , when

t t of of ﬁ a trac ion novelty is over, and the zeal a rst enterprise is exhaus ted . Even if there were no j ust ground to fear an entire discontinuance of t he

u c u O u p blic le t res , it is bvio s that the present system contains no principle for suc h a steady i mprovement i n of s u fu s the character the in tr ction they rni h , as is nece s sary to make them a very efﬁcient i n s t ru ment Of rais ing the literary and scient iﬁc character of the community . J N W . 7 MEMOIR OF OH LO ELL, JUN

For each of these evils an ample remedy is found ’ In s . the provisions Of Mr . Lowell beques t It holds out the assurance of a liberal reward for the regula r delivery Of systematic courses Of lectures . By the u Of f u ur positive reg lations the o nder , these co ses will extend to some of the most important branche s of u Wl'l llt moral , intellect al , and physical science ; t he u of li b tr stee is enabled, in the exercise the

in hi m v s eral discretion reposed , to make pro i ion for t u his u any lec res , which, in j dgment, may be most conducive to t he public improvement . The

t he u s compensation , which is provided by beq e t, i s sufﬁcient to reward the lecturers for the elabo

us a of u rate and conscientio prep ration their co rses , a nd consequently t o command the highest talent and attainment e n gaged in the communication Of

u for t he knowledge in this co ntry ; and this , not but present season or the present generation , as long as it is possible for human wisdom and human laws

of u Of to give permanence to any the p rposes man , for all coming time .

We f may there ore consider it as certain , that all

u t he who are disposed , in this comm nity, 'within of u Of Of our s limitation , co rse , the capacity large t balls a n u a to accommodate a dience ,) to employ portion Of their leisure time in the improvemen t of f ’ their minds in this way, will hence orward enjoy the fullest advan tage Of regular courses Of public u r u t o lect res , delive ed witho t expense those who for t hear them , by persons selected heir ability to

u e for t he impart instr ction , and amply reward d MEM or JOII WE 8 N LO L JU N . OIR L .

la bor of fa i t hful preparat ion . While t he publi c a re

re n his adva n a e t he erma n en t funds ro api g t t g , p p ’ vided by t he foun der s beques t will c on st itut e a v ery importa n t additi on to t he other exi s t ing in duc emen t s to t he pursuit Of a s t udious life ; a nd may in t ha t way be expect ed gradually to exert a s en sible in ﬂu en e in e e n t he sc n iﬁc a nd i c ara e c , l vati g ie t l terary h ct r of the c oun try.

so be O so fa r from e e n It may al bserved , that, pr v t ing the delivery of other courses Of lect ures on t he

a r u u i f u n be ex pl n hithe to p rs ed , th s o ndatio may pec t ed to extend i ts beneﬁcial inﬂuence to them . u It is physically impossible , that m ch more than a tenth part of the whole number Of those es timated t he u of a to have attended lect res the l st season , should be accommodated in any one hall ; a n d a single repetition is all that can be expected of any lecture on the Lowell foundation . A very great demand for other courses will therefore continue to u u exist ; and the Lowell Instit te , by ca sing the preparation and delivery of a steady succession of l u of e f ect res , capable b ing repeated be ore other

u f s u of . a diences , will acilitate the pply this demand It will no doubt become easier than it has heretofore been ' for u Of , other instit tions , with the command

u for u limited means , to proc re their a diences the advantage of systematic courses . u c S ch is the general character , brieﬂy sket hed , ’ of Mr . Lowell s foundation . The ﬁrst cours e Of u s is u sub lect re now abo t to commence , on the

c e Of t l j t Geology, to be delivered by a gen eman , I J W L . 9 MEMO R OF OHN O ELL , JUN

‘ rofes sor Of e u Silliman Yale College ,) whos rep t a t ion is t oo well es tablished in this depa rtment of u an d t oo science , both in E rope America, and is z Of n well known to the citi ens Boston , to eed an attestation on my part . It would be arrogant in me fu Of hi s ua ﬁ a to speak rther q li c tions , as a lecturer on this foundation . The great crowd assembled i n of th s evening , consisti g as it does a moiety only Of those who have received tickets Of admission t o u ufﬁ e the co rse , s ci ntly evinces the desire which is felt by the citizens of Boston again to enjoy t he a dvantage Of his instructions ; while it affords a n ew

f if fu f i our proo , rther proo were want ng, that liberal founder did not mistake the disposition of t he community t O avail themselves Of the beneﬁts of an

Insti tuti on of this cha racter .

As an introduction t o this ﬁrst course of lect ures f u but i be ore the Lowell Instit te , I cannot th nk it

u r will be deemed reasonable and j st , by this e s ec t a ble u u p a dience , to devote a single ho r to the c Of mun iﬁc en f u ommemoration the t o nder . As he thought proper to restrict his bequest t O Objects of u u f which he deemed direct p blic tility, orbidding the expenditure Of any part Of t he fund in build ﬁ u f u ings and xt res , which , in other o ndations , that ma t O usu y be compared this , ally serve as sensible

u f u s it s a mon ments to their o nder , and limiting p plication to purposes at once the leas t os tentatious and the best cal culated to act immediately on the m of t he un ms u le ind comm ity, it see do bly reasonab 2 W l O M JU N . ME OIR OF JOHN LO ELL,

that we should devote at leas t one evening to a of i f f notice his br e and somewhat eventful li e . I have yielded cheerfully to the request of the highly ’ ' u Of . f u respected tr stee Mr Lowell s o ndation , the kinsma n and friend to whom he conﬁded the sole administration of the largest and most impor

a u t nt beq est ever made in this city, that I would undertake the honorable task Of payi ng this tribute of gratitude to the memory Of our deceased

- fellow citizen and benefactor . I can only regret u that, amidst the engagements devolving pon me

t of t he su at his season year, I have wanted lei re to prepare myself in a manner more worthy of the

u c of s bje t, and the attention this large and respected assembly .

un . Mr . John Lowell , j , bore an honored name o of t he among us . Not to speak f the titles living

u s ra t it ude ' I to p blic re pect and g ,i may be pardoned for for a few m On dwelling, mo ents , the characters of Of the departed . He was the grandson the late

u s f . J dge Lowell , who e ather, the Rev John Lowell , u was the ﬁrs t minis ter of Newb ryport . The mem

of u I ﬁ i s fu ory J dge Lowell , am con dent, respect lly cherished by many persons whom I have n ew the who en honor to address . He was among those joyed the public trus t and conﬁdence in the times ’ ul which tried men s so s , and bore his part in the greatest work recorded in the annals Of consti H t ut ion al u . e liberty, the American revol tion

John Amor Lowe Es . See N ote at the end. y ll, q 1 W N JU N . MEMOIR OF JOH LO ELL, II

wa s u grad ated at Harvard College in 1760. He s u u Oxen brid e h t died the law nder g T acher, and a s 1 w admitted to practise in 762. This was the

f f a year ollowing that, in which his pro ession l i n u master was associated with James Otis, arg ing a u W of the gre t ca se on rits Assistance . Educa

i n u s ted this school , it is nneces ary to state what were hi s principles on the subject of the momen tous controversy which had so long been ripening

s . 1776 toward a cri is He was elected, in , the rep

‘ Of Of ewbur ort resentative the town N yp , in the al of u provinci assembly Massach setts, being t hen

- Of . f thirty three years age In the ollowing year, he removed to Boston ; and it is a striking proof Of the conﬁdence repos ed i n his principles and in his imm ability to maintain them , that he was edi ately elected as one Of t he representatives of t his

a u . 1779 town to the Gener l Co rt In , he was c hosen a member of t he con vention for framing a

c on s ti t ut l on Of v . state go ernment He was, with f James Bowdoin and John Adams , rom the Bos

u of ton delegation , placed pon the committee

- f u for d r Of s twenty o r, reporting a ecla ation right

f Of u i . 178 1 and the orm a constit t on In the year , he was chosen a member Of the Continental Con f gress, and in the ollowing year was appointed by that body one of the three judges Of the court

h for Of s which had been establis ed , the trial appeal u Of from the co rts admiralty in the several states .

n 1784 Of I , he was selected as one the commis W 12 EM I N . M O R OF JOH LO ELL , JUN s ion ers t o establish the boundary between Mas sa c hus et t s and New York . On the adoption of the constitution of t he

u n United States , J dge Lowell was appoi ted by General Was hington to the bench Of t he District

Court Of Ma ss achusetts . He ﬁlled the j udicial

e station with eminent ability ; and was , in parti u lar, well versed in admiralty law, at a time when that branch Of jurisprudence was less familiar at . our r u . 1 801 t ib nals , than at the present day In , he was appointed chief justice Of the Circuit Court for ﬁ u u Of the rst circ it, nder the new organization the judiciary which then took place . He was for eighteen years a member Of the corporation

Of i t s i Harvard College , warmly attached to nter

of u fﬁ of ests , and one the most zealo s and e cient i t s f s s riends , at a time when its pro perity was le s securely established than at present . He was dis tinguished for his literary tas te and his attain f ments as a scholar . On the decease o Governor

of of Bowdoin , president the Academy Arts and

u u t he Sciences , J dge Lowell was req ested by

t O u f Academy deliver his e logy, which was a ter wards publis hed in on e of t he volumes Of the ’ Academy s Memoirs . His active benevolence made him a n Object of affection and gratitude . The i ntegrity Of hi s Ofﬁcial character was universally

Of admitted amidst the collisions party . His per sonal intercourse wa s rendered peculiarly attractive

Of n a s by his brilliant powers co versation , and w the delight Of all who enjoyed it . M JU N . 13 EMOIR OF JOHN LOWELL,

‘ The maternal grandfather of our founder wa s

t he t . wa s la e Jonathan Jackson , Esq ,who also one of the most esteemed and dis tinguished citizens Of

t . u u Of Bos on J dge Lowell, tho gh the preceding

- s class , had been his chamber mate and mo t inti

f a t . i u mate riend college This c rc mstance , prob f uc . ably, ind ed Mr Jackson , a ter leaving college , to transfer his residence to Newburyport . After passing an apprenticeship in the countin g - house of

Es . t Of n Patrick Tracy, q , hen one the most disti

ui s hed a Of ew bur ort g merch nts N yp , he commenced

u i n . a f en Of b siness that town Like his e rly ri d ,

W I u s . k a hom have j st poken , Mr Jackson too prompt and decided part with the friends Of f American independence . A ter the removal of

u n . s J dge Lowell to Bosto , Mr Jack on represented the town Of Newburyport in the provincial legis

la t ure . wa s of t He a member the conven ion , f u which assembled to rame the state constit tion ,

of Of - f u and was one the committee twenty o r, u h of t above all ded to , by w om the plan tha

u t . 1 782 instr men was reported In , he was a member of the Congress of the United States .

. s f f i n Mr Jack on inherited rom his ather what,

s those day , was considered a large patrimony . Besides bearing his allotted porti on Of the public

u u c on t ribu b rdens, he made vol ntary advances and

for u c of t he tions the p bli service , and at the close war was largely the creditor Of t he commonwealth .

Of u 1786 . At the time the ins rrection in , Mr Jackson was among the most forward to maintain I4 . MEMOIR OF JOHN LOWELL, JUN

of the supremacy of t he laws . In the company v olunteers who marched from Boston to support t h r ff Of s wa s s e she i Middle ex, he the econd in

command . Subs equently he went to the western counties as a volunteer aid to his friend General u Lincoln , and remained with that disting ished soldier and pa triot till the insurrection was sup

pressed . of f On the organization the ederal government, he was appointed the ﬁrst marshal Of Ma s s a c hu

setts . On the introduction of the system of t u s in ernal reven e , he was elected by President Washington to be ins pector of the revenue in t he

u Of s 1796 co nty E sex , and , in , was appointed f supervi sor Of the revenue o the whole state . He held this last Ofﬁce till the commerce of the country became sufﬁciently extensive to support the ex

Of the u i s penses government by the d ties on mport , u and the internal reven e ceased to be levied . In

Of f u Of the latter part his li e , he was the treas rer of u the commonwealth, and the niversity at Cam

bridge . This last Ofﬁce he held at the time Of his

i n 18 10. a s death, the year On his appointment

u of u Of hu s pervisor the reven e Massac setts , in

1796 . , Mr Jackson removed to Boston , where he

O continued t reside for t he residue of hi s life . He

was t one Of the most distinguished members Of a of of but u circle patriots , whom one or two s rvive — a of men n ow f class , who, that time has so tened

the Of - f asperities party eeling, and impaired the

t Of f i t interes ormer controversies , will be adm t ed ,

M M I N W l 6 . E O R OF JOH LO ELL, JUN in ar of t he u t this p t co ntry, in es ablishing and

n t he of u co solidating liberties the co ntry, the broad basis on which its pros perity ha s been a d — t o s econ d re re , and a parent in the genera

n su s s uc tio , who was rpa sed by no other in the c of ff ui on f u ess his e orts to b ld that o ndation , and to diffuse among his fellow - citizen s th e bless

of u u the u r u ings prod ctive ind stry, as nat ral es lt of free and wise institutions of government ; and thus to lay the foundation Of those accumula tion s of al u property, which, liber ly dispensed , m st, in

u t u fu for a ll a rep blic, consti te the great nd enter f prises o social improvement .

That parent was Mr . Francis C . Lowell , who

18 f l r us of still resh y emembered among , as one those who have reﬂected the highest honor on the character of the American merchant . He

i u for the a of v was dist ng ished origin lity his iews , of the clearness his perceptions , the variety and

u of of acc racy his knowledge , and his power

a u bringing it to practic l res lts , and perhaps still more for the sterling purity and integrity Of hi s

t . charac er To him, more than to any other indi

u c vid al , is New England , or rather is Ameri a,

for s of indebted , the permanent establi hment the cotton manufacture in this country . The earlier attempts had not gone beyond spin ning by ma n b t chi ery, and had been made with u partial

su . . u f ccess Mr Slater had bro ght rom England,

1 789 n w of in the year , a k o ledge the inventions of Arkwright for spinn ing cotton ; but the ma W 17 I or L JU N . MEMO R JOHN LO EL , c hin ery constructed in this country is believed to ha of e f ve been originally an imp r ect character, and t o have remained without improvement . Some a f ttempts had been made , even be ore the arrival

f . of . u o u Mr Slater, to introd ce this branch ind stry Bounties were granted by the state of Ma ssa c hus ett s a nd an d , considerable capital , here else

w as n s i n u but where , i ve ted the b siness ; no ex t ensive or important results were Obtained . The

wa s of a n f machinery imper ect description, and badly constructed ; there was great want of skill ; c ommerce was the favorite pursuit with men of

' c apital ; and t he competition of foreign countries

wa s u e u s . , nder thes circ m tances, overwhelming u t Perhaps an Obstacle as serio s as any o her, was a f u n u er prevailing belie , amo nti g almost to a s p s t it ion for u , that it was impossible this co ntry to engage to advantage i n any branch of manu f u f act res, which had been long established in oreign countries . t 1 807 u At leng h , in , the acc stomed commercial intercourse of the Uni ted States with Europe

ru was inter pted by political events, which seemed likely to continue to Operate for some time . Saga cions Observers began to perceive the approac h of i n n u t t a new era American i d s ry, and capi al ,

ff n s of to some extent, in the di ere t part the c ou t f n ry, being necessarily withdrawn rom com u u of merce , so ght investment in vario s branches f en u c u . man a t res This , however, was more parti la rl Pen n s lv a n ia a n d i n f c e y the c as e in v , re eren 1 8 O W . MEMOIR OF JOHN L ELL , JUN

to the manufactures of iron . The demand for

n o u s n su cotton goods was , do bt, to ome exte t, p

u u i of our n u s plied , d ring the interr pt on i terco r e

t u n m n uf ur wi h E rope and I dia, by American a act es

' of but ai that article , m nly, it is believed , by household fabrics .

1 8 10 . . wa s n u In , Mr Francis C Lowell i d ced

hi s f u of to visit England with amily, on acco nt

o the state f hi s health . The vast importance of uf u u r a s a u of a man act ring ind st y, so rce nation l u t f wealth , was no do bt impressed wi h new orce upon his mind in consequence of his observations

u of ma n ufa c in that co ntry, and some branches tures were examined by him with care ; but it is not known that he paid particular atten tion to

of . u h that cotton On his ret rn ome , and shortly

f of of 1 8 12 a ter the commencement the war ,

Mr . Lowell was so strongly convinced of the practicability of esta blishing that ma nufac ture in

a e the United States , th t he pr posed to a kinsman ‘ and friend 'Mr . Patrick T . Jackson) to make the experiment on an ample scale . The original project contemplated only the weaving of cotton

- . u by machinery The power loom , altho gh it had

for e t fa r been som time inven ed in England, was u u less sed in that co ntry, in proportion to the

u of u th e q antity cotton sp n , than at present day, and was wholly unknown in the United States . f A ter deliberation , the enterprise was resolved

of u upon . A model a common loom was proc red his f — u by Mr . Lowell and riend , both eq ally W or JU N . 19 MEMOIR JOHN LO ELL , ignorant of t he practical details of the mode in

t he w - w as u a nd which po er loom constr cted, their jo int attention was bes towed on the re Of invention tha t machine . Satis ﬁed with the

s u of e e s t r e re lt th ir exp riment , hey p oceed d to form a co mpany among t heir personal and family f of u us riends , with a capital one h ndred tho and

n t rac . dollars, and e tered into con t with Mr Jacob Perkins t o superin tend t he c ons truct ion of the machinery . Mr . Perkins having left this part of the c ountry before the mac hinery was con

tr u n . u s cted or pla ned , the late Mr Pa l Moody was recommended by him as his success or in t he e nterpri se ; and no circumstanc e more favorable

it s re su ou u e . to lt c ld have occ rr d Mr . Moody

s s ss e c a us of the de po e d a mechani l geni highest or r, though at this time lit t le developed by study or

ﬁr n practice . On his st examinatio of the worki n g model of the power- loom which had been con

. ' t uc Mr . w l . s n h s r ted by Lo el and Mr Jack o , e t Of i ts en tertained bu little hope suc cess . He lived to see it become one of t he most important a ts o t he e of gen in pr moting prosp rity America .

~ — The winter of 1 8 12 1 8 13 w as passed at Wa l t - o e h a d u a s ham, where a water p w r been p rch ed, m e f in bringing the loo to p r ec tion . On be ing c w as f u w u ompleted , it o nd to ans er the p rpose

o r t he s rue s entirely, as to war ant immediate con t

of for tion , on the same plan , all the looms needed the establishment.

e h e u f e e fﬁ u r d Her , ow ver, an n or se n di c lty p esente W 20 M . EMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN

f u s of for itsel , in the tro ble and expen e preparing th e loom the thread obtained from the spinning

of u t he mills the co ntry, and which , in original plan of s W t the enterpri e at al ham , was depended on to I supply the looms at that place . t was immediately determined to ext end the undertaking to the entire manufa cture of the artic le in all its parts . Ma

for s n i of s chinery pin ng , the best de cription known u but at that time in the co ntry, was ordered ; on t W u its erec ion at altham it was prono nced by Mr .

re Moody to be worthless , and was immediately

a t c ﬁc of . moved , the total sa ri e what it had cost It of course bec ame nec ess a ry to supply its place ; and of u t u in the progress this nder aking, the vario s portions of the machinery known to be in us e i n

c s uc W ut England were re on tr ted at altham , witho

s c f c s as istan e rom models , by a ma hini t who had s but never een them in operation , with no aid what t o a f d was be obt ined rom books , and some rawings of of c ual a portion the works , whi h had been cas ly f hi brought rom England at t s j un c t ure . It is prob h able t at the extent to which Mr . Moody and his int elligent employers were obliged to depend upon

s u c s of s w a s u t h the re o r e their own mind , , pon e

u c u . whole , an advantageo s cir mstance Had they operated with working models of the best Britis h

c f ma hinery be ore them , they might have been satis

ﬁed of . with an exact imitation them As it was, important improvements were introduc ed in every

of c s part the ma hinery, and ome original inventions of great val ue were made . Among the former may W R JU N . 21 MEMOI OF JOHN LO ELL, be mentioned the improvements of the dressing t able a n d the warping machine ; and among the

of original inventions , the method spinning the

u th e u u thread directly pon q ill , and the do ble speeder . Many of these improvements and i n v en tions have been since introduced into England . The mechanical contrivan ce a n d exec ut ion of t he machinery wa s principal ly the work of Mr . Moody ; t he mathematical calc ula tions neces sa ry for t heir adjustment were all made by Mr . Lowell . The calculations connec ted with the double speeder

u Dr. were s bmitted to the late Bowditch , with a v iew to procure his te s timony on a t rial whic h had

s n u ari en as to the patent right, and were pro o nced

t c u few i by him , on hat o casion , to be s ch as indiv d uel s were c ompet ent to perform . Not less than two and a half years were required for s a these preparation , in which the whole capit l

of . u the company was expended S ch , however, was the faith reposed by their associates in t he

u of . . c j dgment Mr Lowell and Mr Ja kson , that w u u of 1 8 15 s hen , in the a t mn , it was propo ed by t hese gen tlemen to double the capital of the e s tab li s hmen t s c c , the propo al was promptly a eded to, although not a single piec e of cloth had as yet been delivered from the looms . Some j udgment may be f f f f u ormed rom the ollowing act, which occ rred at

f of r uc this period , or shortly a ter, the ed tion which ha s ff c of been e e ted in the price an article , that enters so extensively into the ordinary con sumption of the people of the Unit ed States . A considerable W 22 . MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN

quantity of thread having accumulated in the ha n ds m of t he company beyond t he capac ity of their loo s .

it was distributed among the hand - weav ers in t he

o uf u neighborho d , to be man act red into cloth , at a

cost of ten cent s per yard for weaving . The entire

s of r u n of u t he co t the same a ticle , incl di g , co rse ,

r u b s um raw mate ial , has been red ced elow that Several mont hs before this enlargement of t he

t a of t he m an d h capi l co pany, w ile the machinery of u was yet in progress constr ction , the war was

u s e terminated . This circ m tance mat rially changed the aspect of things in reference t o ma n v of the

manufacturing projec ts i n the United States . Much of t he capital whic h had been invested in different

of uf c ur s parts the Union in man a t ing e tablishments,

was withdrawn at a great sacriﬁce . Mr . Lowell

and his associates determined to persevere . The existi ng in terruption of commerce had not been los t

of a u c f u sight , as circ mstan e avorable to their nder

f c but u c a s taking in its in an y, its contin an e a permanent s ta t e of things had n ot been depended

u . u pon Altho gh , as we have seen , they had not

ﬁ c of h c on ﬁ yet nished a pie e clot , they relied so de t l u n y on their calc lations, that they determined to risk the experiment of going on with the esta blis h ment ; and probably no single purpose of private individuals ever involved a greater amount of public

s . c intere ts They did not , however, onceal from

h f c h t emselves the a t, t at a great change had taken f plac e in the condition o the country . That inter ru of ra n ption t de , which was the origi al prompting

W 24 M M E JU N . E OIR OF JOHN LO LL,

u h v So th Carolina, t en represented by se eral gen

t lemen of t u n dis ing ished ability, held the bala ce

between t he rival interests . To t he plantin g i n

t eres t . it was demonstrated by Mr Lowell , that , by the establishment of the cotton manufacture t u u in the United S ates , the so thern planter wo ld ° greatly increase his market . He would furnish t he raw material for all those American fabric s which should take the place of manufac tures imported f f rom India, or partly made in England rom India

. He u us out of u cotton wo ld th , his own prod ce , be enabled to pay for all the supplies which he

required from the North . This s imple and c on

e u v of u c t l sive iew the s bje t prevailed , and de er mined a portion of the South to throw i t s weight

f of c into t he scale in avor a prote tive tariff. The

u u t f c t he minim m d ty on cot on abri s , corner stone

of e . the system , was pr posed by Mr Lowell , and is believed to hav e been an original conc eption on his part . It was recommended by Mr . Lowndes ,

. u a n d i n it was advocated by Mr Calho n , was 1 1 h c orpora t ed into the law of 8 6 . To t is pro of fru of a n d vision law, the it the intelligence

u of . inﬂ ence Mr Lowell , New England owes that branch of industry whic h has made her amends for the diminution of her foreign trade ; whic h ha s kept her prosperous under the exhaus t ing drain of her population to the West ; which ha s brought a market for his agric ultural produc e to ’ f ha s the armer s door and which , while it con f r of c u t erred these blessings on this pa t the o n ry, W . 25 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN

ha s u of o but been prod ctive g od , and nothing good, t to every o her portion of it . For these public

ben eﬁt s — c c c , than which none , not dire tly onne t

of our of ed with the establishment liberties , are a

of o higher order , or a more comprehensive sc pe , — the people of the United States are indebted to Mr . Francis C . Lowell ; and in conferring his name upon the noble city of the arts in our o u neighb rhood , a mon ment not less appropriate ha s hi than honorable been reared to s memory . What memorial of a grea t public benefactor so bec oming as the bestowal of his name on a s u u hi r pro pero s comm nity, w ch has sta ted , as it f s u of d ' were , rom the oil at the to ch his wan Pyramids ' and maus oleums may crumble to the s u earth , and bra s and marble mingle with the d st

but u - re they cover, the p re and well deserved

h c i s u t t he us nown , w i h th s incorporated wi h b y f of d li e an intelligent people , will be remembere , t ill the long laps e of ages and the vicis s itudes of fortune shall reduce all of America to oblivion a n d decay .

u for In th s dwelling, a short time , on the emi u of hi s f u nent p blic services ather, I am s re I shall stand in no need of an excus e with the

’ f s of Mr. un . of riend John Lowell , j , the oldest the four children 't hree sons and a daughter) who u h f s rvived him , and in erited rom him an honorable

c — t he - of independen e , well merited reward the

' efforts so widely felt in the pros perity of the W 26 JU N . MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL,

u . . un . co ntry Mr John Lowell , j , was born on t he 1 1 t h of 1 799 f May, , and , a ter receiving his

u of earliest ed cation at the schools his native city, wa s f u c taken by his ather to E rope , on o casion of l u the voyage to which I have already a l ded ,

- and placed at the high school of Edinburgh . He retained to t he last an affectionate recollection of the friendships formed by him at this early period ;

u n s t he and d ri g his travel in East, toward the close of f u s mu his li e , he gave the most s b tantial and n iﬁc en t proofs of the strength of the at tachments of his childhood . He accompanied his father on u 1 8 13 his ret rn to America, and in was placed at a Harvard College . He h d always been remarked for n u u of for an i q isitive t rn mind , and the eager

c he u f h f ness with whi h so ght to in orm imsel , both by conversation and books . He might be said ,

ru for with t th , to have inherited a thirst knowl f edge . His avorite reading was v oyages and a t t d of f travels ; and his early perio his li e , he was more thoroughly acquainted wit h geography than most men of ﬁn ished education . Hi s health did u not permit him to complete his collegiate co rse , ’ f r r and , a ter two yea s esidence at Cambridge , he left the university to follow a more active course of

f . 1 8 16 1 8 17 li e In and , he made two voyages to

— ﬁr t o u India, the st Batavia, ret rning by Holland

u . and England , the second to Calc tta u h His readiness to engage , in his yo t , in these

u u of n ec es distant voyages , witho t the ind cement s it u y , may, no do bt, be considered as an early W LL ' U N 27 or LO E J . MEMOIR JOHN ,

I of h s for f l c ndication t at pa sion oreign trave , whi h

f s s f c a terwards di clo ed itsel in his haracter, and which was unques tionably stimulated by this u u glimpse of the remote Eas t . Altho gh circ m stances did n ot permit him for a long time to

f a grati y his t ste in this respect, there is reason

b be d f a to elieve , that cherishe , rom a very e rly e th e of t he p riod , hope adding something to stock of modern discovery . Among his earliest

of u s of arrangements b sines , there are traces a

of f of s plan a voyage to A rica, and attempt to explore the mysteries of t he geography of that r t continent, which have hithe to resisted the en er

s u f- of pri e , the co rage , and the sel devotion so many intelligent and unfortunate travellers . From the time of his return from his second

a a t . be voy ge , with invigor ted heal h , Mr Lowell came a diligent student . He was engaged with

u c u u of u s ccess in ommercial p rs its , and , co rse , ufﬁ of gave to them a s cient degree attention .

s h His operation , owever , were principally con n ec t ed n ot n with the East Indies , and did e gross

u us hi s time . His leis re was almost excl ively de d n o for voted to reading . He spare time the f u u of u — s s rivolo s pleas res yo th , le , perhaps , than

u for his health req ired its innocent relaxations , and

s c u for exerc ise . Few subject in scien e or literat re es caped hi s attention ; and an unc ommonly reten

a for fu u us e tive memory rendered av ilable , t re , the knowledge which he wa s so diligent in acquiring . He ra pidly formed one of t he best selected and ex W . 28 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN

i n c t a u a pens ive private libraries the i y, and cq ired f i t s c t n al amiliarity with on e ts , not ways possessed by the owner of many books . l of He did not , however, al ow his love reading to divert his thoughts from the political and moral i a in tere s ts of the commun ity . His t me n d his property were freely given to the calls of public a and private benevolence . He eng ged with earn es t n es s in the promotion of t he various public

; pi ri t ed undertakings of t he day . He took a n i a c tive part in political concerns . Regard ng our institutions of government as better adapt ed than any others to promote the virtue and happiness of u of the people , he considered it the d ty every good citizen to bear his part of the burden of sustain u ing and administering them . Engaged in l cra

u u u n u tive p rs its , which made m ch attentio to p blic u u ﬁ s for b siness a pec niary sacri ce , and with a thir t knowledge whic h s uperseded the necessity of politi c a l i et s f on exc tement, he y gave him el , principle , to the public service . He was repeatedly a member of u of t he s the Common Co ncil the city, and legi la l of ture of the commonwea th . In both these bodies he was distinguished for his assiduous attention to

u for u - his d ties , and the practical and b siness like view which he took of every subject of discus sion . Indeed it was his characteris tic to do thoroughly

he u . u fu how whatever ndertook His se lness was ,

u u - ever , more conspic o s in the committee room than a t the cauc us ; and as he did n ot depend upon

fﬁ for f o ce bread , he dwelt less than is the ashion W . 29 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN

Of the da y i n profe s s ions of disinterested regard

for . the people Leaving others to ﬂatter them , his

c c s ﬁ he own cons ien e was sati ed , when had served t hem to the best of his ability . He was a philo sophical student Of the genius of our polit ical

s t he u u of 1 829 sy tems , and passed a t mn the year

i for u of at R chmond , the p rpose attending the debates of the Conve n tion as sembled in that city t o f ' revise the constitution o irginia . 1 830 1 83 1 f In the years and , he had the mis ortune

s u of few m f to lo e , in the co rse a onths, his wi e

t wo u t hi s . and da gh ers , only children This calam

u for a s s ity broke p, a se on , all his plea ant associa i u tions with home , and served to rev ve the sl m

a for f of bering p ssion oreign travel , which we have

t h s seen e early indications . De irous of extending hi s acquaintance with his own country before going

a of abroad , he passed considerable portion the u of 1 832 a u W t s mmer in to r in the estern S ates .

t of us He made o her preparations , a more serio

for f character, what might be all him abroad, and ,

s r f o t as the event proved , with a pi it oreb ding tha early termination of his life which Providence had

. s appointed Bereaved, by the dome tic calamity u u of s u j st all ded to, all tho e dependent pon him

for u f their s pport and establishment in li e , he had already conceived a n d matured the plan of hi s f mun iﬁc en t foundation . By a will made be ore

c u .a e leaving his native o ntry, he set aside larg

of t o portion his ample property be expended ,

f u of t hese u of orever, in the s pport co rses lec W 30 or . MEMOIR JOHN LO ELL , JUN

u i of of h ﬁ is t res in the c ty Boston , w ich the rst n ow about to commenc e . u of Altho gh the plan his travels abroad was not, t probably, at this ime settled, there is evidence t he a 5 hat contempl ted a long absence , and very

u . u him extensive to r He , no do bt, proposed to s f ou e v t he as el , l a ing home , to penetrate E tern

n as fa r a s c . e conti ent pra ticable He m ntions , in

of u if some his early letters , his p rpose , possible , to enter the Chin ese empire by the Indian fronti er . u of u All ding to the distant prospect his ret rn home , he u k s ' us ﬁ s ses the stri ing expre sion , I m t r t see ” a t he circle of t he earth . More th n once he inti mates the design of passing from th e east of Asia to the Polynesian Archipelago .

W t v ith these vast projec s revol ing in his mind ,

f al f but with eelings not ienated rom home , seeking

f f of relie rom its sorrows in the excitement travel , with an al most unlimited command of the means of f i u ﬁ grati y ng his c riosity, with a mind well tted for instructi ve observation by the possession of a a u of v a iious e large mo nt knowledge , with thos u of u u moral q alities ind stry, perseverance , and co r

u for u age , which are req ired advantageo s travel in

u u of r barbaro s co ntries , with that elevation spi it which is produced by a consc iousness that he had

d for c of u u ma e provision great obje ts p blic tility, to ff h u f f — h take e ect s o ld any disaster be all himsel , e s for u 1 832 n ailed E rope , in November , , ever to return . The following winter and spring were u u passed in Paris , and the s mmer and a tumn of

W M M . 32 E OIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN

u of n e a c a thor Travels i to Bokhara, and whos

u c of q aintan e with the interior the Oriental world , ac quired by thirt een years passed in the civil and

of f e military service the Company, ormed an attra

s s s tion to Mr . Lowell , as he say , so engro ing, as f t to lead him to orget almost every hing else , and to ” f s m u . eel , in a hort ti e , like an intimate acq aintance

i n D 1 833 s Early ecember, , he again pas ed over

t he t he u of l to continent, taking ro te Ho land and

Belgium to Pa ris . His projec ts for t he future course

of fa r h s his travels , as as t ey were dige ted at that f m t o é time , may be gathered ro a letter the charg ’ ff of of d a aires the United States at London , the 1 9t h D 1 833 of u ecember, , in reply to a letter inq iry ' ” f . P rom that gentleman I leave aris , says he ,

' ﬁv e a n d c u in or six days , pro eed rapidly thro gh . a c s few Fr nce , Italy, and Si ily, re ting a days at some

Of the principal towns . I expect to reach Malta by

the beginning or middle of April . From Malta we

shall endeavor to make a short visit to the Pyramids ,

of f by the way Alexandria and Cairo , and rom

c u of then e to go to Jer salem , by the way the desert of Suez . Taking shipping at some port in Syria

st f . or Pale ine , we shall ollow the coast to Smyrna u ut u of Sho ld this ro e be inexpedient , on acco nt want of f of u u time , ear the plag e , or political dist rbance , we shall vi s it Greece before proceeding to Smyrna .

From the last- named place we shall proce ed to

Constantinople , where we intend to arrive as early as the middle of July or ﬁrst of August ; because it would be very disagreeable to be overtaken by M M or W JU N . 33 E OIR JOHN LO ELL,

c t he u a us of a old weather in mo nt ino regions Armeni ,

Koordi s t an o . u u we , or Ge rgia In A g st, shall pro c eed from Constantinople t o Trebizond on the Black

. bi zond l Sea, probably by water From Tre we sha l

t s b n our a e s art on hor e ack, and, placi g b ggag on

u f for t t he u of t he m les , ollow a ime nearly ro te ten

us u ' s t tho and Greeks nder enophon , and rest a hor

Teﬂis al of . We l time at , the capit Georgia shal

l Teﬁis as o as a nd a t eave so n possible , stop next

of s a . t o Teheran, the capital Per i Here I propose

t o e u e pass two or hree months , b th b ca s , in all

u f for probability, the season will be n avorable trav e u u i t o a a t lling, and beca se I sho ld l ke Obt in sligh kn f owledge o the Persian language . From Tehe

ra n s s ss u n we shall cros Per ia, pa ing thro gh Ispaha ,

u of s an d Shira uz — the r ins Persepoli , the city

of Bus heer t he n u f. gardens, and on Persia G l ” Thence I take s hipping for Bombay .

u i t s but i n t roduc S ch , will be ob erved, was the

i of u . tory port on the to r which Mr Lowell projected , of whi ch the most important a n d considerable part wa s t o commence w ith his arrival on the western

of s u of . t to coast the penin la Hindostan Even s,

l a s u which I shal h ve occa ion presently to all de , c aus ed a departure from a considerable portion of

the route here sketched out . f r few ass ar s a n u A te a days p ed in P i , and exc r

s u - of he ion to the so th western , portion France , o t of pr ceeded to I aly, by the way Nice and Genoa, a n h v i n d aving isited the principal cities Lombardy, a v a of u rri ed in Florence in the early p rt Febr ary, 5 34 M W ME OIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN.

1 834 . of t he c the u f The charms limate , bea ti ul

of u an d of remains antiq ity, the wonders modern a rt which have been produced by their contempla

- t of tion , the all pervading in erest the classic soil of of h Italy, with the attractions society, to which e f u t u f o nd access on the mos advantageo s ooting , detained him in the various cities of Italy beyo nd

al u t . W ﬁ h his c c la ion hile in Florence , he grati ed i s

' a for ﬁne our s t ste the arts , by engaging accompli hed f w - u u u for ello citizen Greeno gh to exec te a stat e him , on on e of the most graceful s ubjects of classic my t holo s aeu gy , to be presented to the Bo ton Athen m .

At a r Rome , he made an agreement with a Swiss tist, hi ' a s ghly recommended to him by Horace ernet, a n f s excellent dra t man and painter, to accompany for u of s him , the p rpose taking sketches and design of u t u u u scenery, r ins , and cos mes, thro gho t the ' f whole Of his tour . A considerable number o draw u ings , exec ted by this artist, have been received in ’ this country s ince Mr . Lowell s decease . Having completed t he examination of the objects

f of s t he o interest in the vicinity Naples , and vi ited

u fu u ae u . s bea ti l r ins at P st m , Mr Lowell cros ed to

l . u h of u Pa ermo Altho gh wit in the pale E rope , some of the peculiar hardships of Oriental travelling commence in the isla nd of Sicily . Except in t he

of a re immediate neighborhood large towns , there u u for no roads nor p blic conveyances , and no ho ses the reception of travellers . But circumstances like these do but give a zest to travel . Mr . Lowell devoted a month to the tour of the island He W I . 35 MEMO R OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN e xplored the majest ic ruins of Agrigen t um a n d Se l n u — e s n u s of i s , . p rhaps the mo t imposi g mon ment c la s s ma l t u — ' s u e t an an iq ity, i ited Syrac s and Ca ia, a n d asc e nded the middle region of jEt n a . N or was his atte ntion conﬁned to t he wonderful remains of ancient art ; be s urv eyed t he countries he vis ited with t he eye of a naturalis t . In a le tter of t he 8 th

u 1 834 t o t he Galit z in J ne , , Princess , 'the amiable and a cc omplished gra nddaughter of the celebrat ed Mar s Suwar mw e u f hal , ) whos acq aintance he had ormed a t e u e f u Flor nce , he th s express s himsel on the s bject of u u s the to r, which he had j st accompli hed in this interesting region ' Cle ar and beautiful are t he s in c h of t n ou kies Si ily, and there is a warmt i t ab t the sunsets unrivalled eve n i n Italy . It resembles what one ﬁn ds under t he tropics ; and so doe s t he vegetation . It is rich and luxuriant . The palm

e e e a nd begins to app ar ; the palm tto , the alo , the cactus adorn every road - side ; the superb Olean der bathes its roots i n almost eve ry brook ; the pome granate and a large species of convolvulus are every

e se . t he of wh re en In short, variety ﬂowers is

' greater than that of the prairie s in the Western

S e of c u u e tat s Ameri a . tho gh I think their n mb r is

s s Our u be i h . s u fu le R d ckia , I t ink , more bea ti l tha n t he Chrysanthemum coron arium which you see all over Sicily ; but there a re the orange and t he ” lemon . f i . A ter a month passed in S cily, Mr Lowell crossed t o M alta . Here he had so far altered the original

of u e t o plan his ro t , that he determined make the W 36 . MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN

f f s n tour o Greece be ore vi iting Asia Mi or . Acc ord i n l f n fe a g y , a ter devoti g a w days to this celebr ted

he for fu rock, embarked in a Greek vessel Cor ,

r s f u e and ar ived in that i land , a ter a tedio s passag of ﬁfteen days . When the traveller from West ern Europe or America ﬁnds himself sailing along the channel whic h s eparates the Ion ian Islands from the

h of n n f s f s ores co ti ental Greece , he eels him el , at

t ' of of leng h , arrived in the bright clime battle and ” . t he song In Italy and Sicily, he is still in mod em Wes t ern ~ World u u s s and the , altho gh n mberle

i of fo a t of memor als the past remain , and a ret s e

n Eastern costume and man ers presents itself. But

fu s u he realizes , with ll con cio sness , that he is indeed

e s u on his pilgrimage , wh n his eyes re t pon those

of of gems the deep, which the skill the Grecian minstrel has touched with a spark of immorta lity ;

— f n when he can say to himsel , as he passes alo g,

' On this spot was unfolded the gorgeous web of- the Odyssey ; from that cliff Sappho threw herself into the sea ; on my left hand lay the gardens of Alcin oii s — a n d t he , and the olive , grape , and the orange , s till cover the s oil ; before me rises the em battled citadel which ' irgil describes ; on my right are the infamous Acroceraun ian rocks of Horace and within

u u w u hon that bl e , mo ntain barrier, hich bo nds the

of zon , were concealed the mystic grove and oracle ” Dodon a the cradle of the mythology of Greece . When to these recollec tions of antiquity are added the modern Oriental features of the scene ; the

of t he a s dress Grecian peasant or boatman , seen N JU N . 37 MEMOIR OF JOH LOWELL , you coast along t he islan ds ; the report of t he

us of — a f- f- m ket the Albanian , h l shepherd, hal bandit,

as he tends his ﬂocks on the hill - sides of the main

mi c s land ; the naret, the rescent, and the cypre s

v i Of gro e , which mark the c ties the living, and the resting - place of the dead you then feel yourself

f u n departed rom the lang age , the ma ners, and the

f of s f n t h aith Chri tendom, and airly entered withi e

vestibule of the mysterious East .

f s s few fu the c al of A ter pa ing a days at Cor , apit

t he . s Ionian Islands , Mr Lowell cros ed the narrow

c f of n strait whi h separates it rom the shores Alba ia, a n d w u a i of t he ent p to Y nina, the res dence late ' celebrated Ali Pacha . The beautiful little city of — i n 1 8 19 u u Yanina which , , lay q ietly nestled pon a promontory extending into a lake of moderate com

f- u u of pass , hal s rro nded by the neighboring heights

n u u of Pi d s , and nder the protection its stern master, exhibit in g for a Turk ish town an unwonted air of prosperity was seen by Mr . Lowell j ust emerging fr u h om a destr ctive war, w ich had ended with the

v n fe life of the aged despot . Ha i g passed a w days u u u here and in the neighborhood , he p rs ed his to r

u u s of u u so thward , thro gh the pa ses the S liote Mo n

u n so tains , apparently by the ro te which is re dered familiar to us by the secon d canto Of Childe Harold . A part of t his region has acquired a melancholy

Mr w e e i t he A ba n ia n sh ore . Lo e omm n F rom his l an d ng on l , ll c c d ' i i f the s t a t e of the ther omet er baro et er the da ly obs erv a t on o m , m ,

h o et er a n d entere the res u t with re is ion i n his Jour a n d ygr m , d l p c

nal. HN W 38 . MEMOIR OF JO LO ELL, JUN

a s h t of fa of interest, the t ea re the exploits and ll

u n fu of t he Marco Bozzaris, and other mo r l scenes t ut . ' s i n s n w Greek revol ion i i g Mis olo ghi , here he became acquain ted wit h the remainin g members of

f of Gu f of n the amily Bozzaris , Patras , the l Lepa

t he t of M c en e to, ci adel Corinth , y , Argos , Napoli di

u u a of E i n a Romania, Epida r s , and the Isl nd g , he

ou l 0t h of u t arrived ab t the J ly at Athens , hat ” u t us e hi s venerable , r ined , dirty, lit le town , I

of h c own words , w i h the streets are most nar row a l but m n s and nearly impass b e , the poor re ai of whose ancient taste in the arts exceed in beauty t n every hi g I have yet seen in either Italy, Sicily, or ” a n y other portion of Greece . But n n for t he u , notwithstandi g his kee relish bea

of of s t o t ies ancient art, it was no part his de ign

ﬁrs make an extensive Grecian tour . In the t week of for t he s of September, he took passage I land Syra,

s i fa of u i n which , nce the down ll the T rk sh domi ion

t he u of in Greece , has become empori m the Archi

. s s n pelago This i land was , at that time , the re ide ce

of . . s i a of the Rev Mr Robert on , a m ssion ry the

s u i n n s Protestant Epi copal ch rch the U ited State ,

of w a s of t s of . s . Ki n hose labors , ho e the Rev Messr g

n s m c s s and Hill , at Athe s , al o A eri an mi sionarie ,

ﬁ' e u n t i Mr . Lowell makes q e t and honorable men on

t s n n s s i n s t ru in his le ter , beari g wit e s to their vi ible

t t he n t of c mentality in promo ing rege era ion Gree e .

f u n on e He also o nd , on more tha occasion , in the

u of his u l u co rse to r, that the iberal s pplies sent by this country to Greec e i n t he t ime of her extremi ty

40 . MEMOIR OF JOHN LOWELL, JUN

i s u of oes us to what sometimes called the ho se Cr ,

s of of c t us I cros ed and drank the waters the Pa ol , forded the Hermus by the help of a Toorkma n girl

s and a Greek boy, went to Thyatira and Magne ia a d Si lum t of py , and crossed the s eep pass the Sipy ” lus into the smil ing plain of Smyrna . Information of the prevalenc e of the plague at

n of s Consta tinople , and the lateness the sea on at w v a of hich he had arri ed on the co st Asia Minor , f pre v ented Mr . Lowell rom executing his original

u of s p rpose entering the Black Sea , and cros ing by

Armenia and Georgia into Persia . It w a s n ot h till he had been some time at Smyrna, t at the plague had so fa r aba ted that be deemed it n ot u f t he of nsa e , toward end November, to make a f v s of ew . D n i it a days to Constantinople evoti g,

but a of however, very short time to its objects . c u i he u rios ty and interest, hastened his ret rn t o

a he Smyrna, in order to take pass ge by t earlie s t

u t for . t opport ni y Alexandria , in Egypt S ill desirous

uc a s s s of t he r of to see as m h po ible inte ior Asia , he

f s a s fa r proposed , a ter a cending the Nile as Cairo ,

t he w a of t he of u to enter Syria by y desert S ez ,

s u h s and cro sing to the E p rates , take pas age in the

Persian Gulf for India . t he 9t h of D f m On ecember, he sailed rom S yrna l in a Greek brig, the Bel erophon , chartered by him s f for of el the conveyance his party and baggage .

a of m He coasted long the Islands Mitylene , Sa os ,

m n s t e Patmos , and Rhodes , aki g some p at the latter

a n d ft of i a s a island , , a er a voyage e ghteen d y , rrived W . 4 1 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN

a t Alexandri a . From the moment the traveller

hi s f t u t he of t hes e sets oo pon soil Egypt, he meets remain s of a ntiquity which carry him back to a f period that precedes the dates o authentic his tory .

a t he of The obelisk, which be rs idle name Cleo ’ patra s Needle , is in sight as he lands . As he

v u t of mo es p the river, broken remnan s elder f of days , ragments Norman , Saracenic , Roman ,

s u t Grecian , and , la tly, Egyptian architect re , ell the

tale of t he political vicis situdes of this ill - fated region ; and when he reaches at length the great

a of f f c ual pyr mids Memphis , he eels himsel in the a t

of h u presence t ose mysterio s dynasties , which are at once forgotten and immortalized by imperis hable

n u — of s s v mo ments , the ashes who e o ereigns are laid up in maus oleums that will stand till the earth

— s a n t in shall pass away , whose name d itles are

ou s k t he of f scribed Obeli s and walls temples , rom which three thousand ye a rs have not obliterated

a s them , in char cters who e import has even been

d i a c t but of ec phered by modern s ga i y, whose s ha dowy annals we still strive in vain to catch the

clew . ’ f Among Mr . Lowell s letters to his riends at this f u of t period , is one written rom the s mmit the grea

12 of u 1 835 . pyramid on the th Febr ary, The ” ' a i s s u fu . prospect , s ys he , mo t bea ti l On the one

' u s a few side , is the bo ndle s desert , varied only by u low ridges of limestone hills . Then yo have heaps of u f of u s o ﬁn e a sand and a s r ace sand , red ced to w h s po der, and so easily agitated by the slig te t 6 W 42 . MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN

of u . breeze , that it almost deserves the name ﬂ id h of N Then comes the ric , verdant valley the ile ,

u w - st dded with villages , adorned ith green date trees ,

of ma n iﬁ traversed by the Father Rivers , with the g

Of but far cent city Cairo on its banks , narrower t u u t han one co ld wish , as it is bo nded , at a dis ance

of ﬁft t he n t he some een miles , by Arabia desert and

o a abrupt calcareous ridge of M k t t a n . Immediately

the of d below the spectator lies city the ead , the u inn merable tombs , the smaller pyramids , the

f t off Sphinx , and , still ar her , and on the same line ,

u of u Sa kﬁra to the so th , the pyramids Abo Seer, , ” a n D h d a c oor. f u . A ter a short sojo rn at Cairo, Mr Lowell com

men c e d the ascent of the Nile . He had found the

a t t o tempt ion to visit Thebes too strong be res isted .

u of The niversal mode travelling in Egypt is in long,

s n narrow boat , with cabins and awni gs , propelled

f a n d by very large sails , when the wind is avorable ,

or fai poled drawn along by hand , when it ls or is

. of hi s own adverse In a boat this description , at

s al f di pos , 'being the same which had shortly be ore

u . been sed by Marshal Marmont ,) Mr Lowell was u f able to reg late his progress , with sole re erence to the objects of interest by the way. It happened r of that Mohammed Ali , the celeb ated sovereign the

u . co ntry, was ascending the Nile at the same time

He n 8 was overtaken by Mr . Lowell o the 1 t h of F u t t u ebr ary, and gran ed him a long priva e a dience in his tent . Hi s inquiries showed uncommon i n t elli f gen c e and vigor o mind . He sought minute W . 4 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN 3 information as to the military and commercial marine of n t u t o h the U ited States , and par ic larly as t e

of t u our extent steam naviga ion pon large rivers .

n u Having i q ired in what direction Mr . Lowell pro u u hi s u n u posed to p rs e jo r ey to India , he diss aded f t n u him rom attemp i g to traverse Syria , on the gro nd of u n u e f t h the nsettled and da gero s stat o e country . He advis ed him to adopt the route of the Red Sea t u and Mocha, and tendered him his pro ection p to that point .

a ft u u s Shortly er this interview, the prospero s co r e ’ of . s u u Mr Lowell to r, hitherto nbroken by any

s u s al adver e circ m tance , received an arming check

In c n u c of u a n d o seq en e expos re to the evening air , t he n ff of ge eral e ect the climate , he was severely ,

a n t f . d s s att cked by i termit ent ever The i ea e yielded ,

ﬁ s w a s at rst , to the remedie with which he provided ; and , on his arrival at Thebes , he was able to explore

o t of s u us u of a p r ion tho e st pendo r ins , at all times u u u extreme interest , and rendered do bly c rio s by

h . t e discoveries of M . Champollion E s tablis hing hi s a t he u s of a t u be su bode on r in a palace L xor , rveyed

fa r a s t he of hi s h t u and examined , as state eal h wo ld

m i of t hes e rf u s u u permit, the re a ns wonde l tr ct res , on m s t he t he u s of which the na e , wars , and tri mph a long . succes s ion of Pharaohs are recorded . U n f u ha d f - ort nately, his recovery been imper ect, the

s c s u s u h o sea on was advan ing , new expo re bro g t n

u of f m i a ret rn his ever, soon co pl cated with other t complain s incident to the climate and region . The state of his health appears to have awakened 44 M M N JU N . E OIR OF JOH LOWELL ,

serious apprehensions in his mind . The ﬁrs t mo ment of convalesc ence was devoted to the completion of s l f of his la t wi l , and to the ormal statement the principles on which he wished t he important trus t c reated by him to be adminis tered . We are assem

i n ur u of t bled , this evening , p s ance the tes amentary u i n t he of provisions drawn p land Egypt, on the ruin s of one of the oldest seats of art and civilization

Of h u — w w ich r ins remain , provisions in hich a great w and liberal spirit, bo ed down with sickness , in a f u of oreign and a barbaro s land , expressed some its

for f of last aspirations the wel are his native city . W hile detained by sickness at Thebes , he em ployed his attendants in making a collect ion of antiquities ; and he succeeded in possessing himself of as large an amount and var iety of the s e object s a s t n u b have , probably, at any ime bee acq ired y an

s of f American . They consi t ragments of sculpture

n of in gra ite , basalt, and alabaster, some them with hieroglyphical ins criptions ; two or three papyrus rolls ; bronze ﬁgures ; mummies ; and a multitude of utensils and other articles illustrating t he super s t it i on s of , arts , and manners the Egyptians . A tour in Egypt a bove the pyramids was n ot originally proposed by Mr . Lowell ; and when , at u N l it length , he la nched on the i e , does not appea r t h at he intended to proceed beyond Thebes . While he was detained at Thebes , however, the appearance of the plague at Cairo made it dangerous for him to t u on u m re rn to that place , his way to Jer sale , which

vi s t he had determined , at all events , to i , previous W N E . 45 MEMOIR OF JOH LO LL , JUN

' t o emba rki n for g India . At the same time he fell

un s in with a yo g Englishman , who was di posed to u ndertake a tour to Upper Nubia . The opportunity of t u of e visi ing the r ins Mero , that mystic region , w ﬁ u t hose site is scarcely identi ed by modern c riosi y, of the primitive cradle the sombre civilization , N t which , descending the ile , ra her overshadowed

wa s t oo than enlightened Egypt, attractive to be

resisted . u a e In order to lay in the req isite stores , and m k

for u t o u the necessary preparation his exc rsion N bia,

Mr . Lowell desc ended the Nile from Thebes to

S out a of . w a s y , the capit l Upper Egypt Here he unfortunately delayed for more than a month ; a u t circ ms ance the more to be lamented , as the season wa s already quite too fa r adva nc ed for the safe u prosecution of a tour within the tropics . D rin g

u n S out s his sojo r at y , he received marked attention

from the Turkish governor of that place . He had also an opportunity of witne s sing an incident of

great curios ity to a E uropean or American traveller . This was the arrival of the great cara van of Da r

f u f u a c o r in Central A rica, which had j st re hed the

of Kha r eh s f of oasis g , at the di tance rom the Nile ’ several days journey across the des ert westward .

- Da r four is s ta ted by Mr . L . t o have been v isited but u n by a single E ropean traveller , the Englishma

u f a o . v Browne , abo t orty years g The great cara an t he t to Nile is despa ched once in two years , and is

two or three months in c ros sing the desert . It usually consists of about six hundred merc hants a n d W 46 N JU N . MEMOIR OF JOH LO ELL,

f u u t us n pilgrims , o r tho sand slaves , and six ho a d

a s s - f s camels , laden with ivory, t marind , o trich eather , of f and other articles A rican merchandise , and with i provisions for sustenance on the way . Nothing n u of f the interco rse li e , as we know it, can give any ff idea of these car avans . As they a ord the only opportunities for communication acros s the waste of

f of sand , the whole li e and action the central region , i t s i u it s i t s nd stry and trade , social relations , all al tempor interests , in greater or less degree , and

t he a . even its religion , are connected with c ravan This alone unites the interior of Africa with the world ; for this alone furnishes a means of crossing f fu w u the right l desert, hich ins lates its inhabitants from the rest of the specie s . u of but The immense n mber tall and lank, ” fu . e u n power l camels , says Mr Low ll , in his Jo r al u d t ' w a s ﬁr a n er his date , the st object that attr cted fu our attention in the caravan . The long and pain l

u u of jo rney, besides killing perhaps a q arter the

' n u u origi al n mber, had red ced the remainder to the c Of h u ondition skeletons , and rendered t eir nat ral ugline s s still more appalling . Their s kins were t ed s s retched , like moisten parchment corched by

t he ﬁre r . , ove their strong ribs Their eyes stood out f u f r rom the shr nken o ehead , and the arched back - bone of the animals rose sharp and prominen t ’ s u v . fa t above their ides , like a b tcher s clea er The that usually accompanies the middle of the back ’ b f s u c ha d one , and orms with it the camel b n h ,

e . s for i t a s ntirely disappeared They had occa ion ,

48 or JU N MEMOIR JOHN LOWELL,

u f It was J ne be ore the preparations of Mr . Low u ell were completed , and he was able to res me his journey up the Nile . The thermometer now fre u 1 15 of q ently stood at degrees , and he speaks the u of 87 fu temperat re degrees , as appearing delight lly

. 9t h of u c cool On the J ne , he had again rea hed

e 1 1t h Theb s , and on the , was at Esneh , on the

. t he of e Nile On evening that day, he was attack d fu of by the pain l disease the eyes , which is so t an d u prevalent in Egyp , by other and more serio s complaints incident to tropical regions . He wa s

ﬁ for con ned to his bed , by these maladies , three

ae n u u t he weeks , at Phil , an isla d sit ated j st above

t of f u Wa ca aracts the Nile , and o r weeks more at dy

f us . Hal a, j t below the second cataract It is need les s to describe what he must have endured from

su t the heat and disease , in mid mmer, wi hin the of t u tropics . Thinking the exercise he saddle wo ld

ﬁ an t of be bene cial , notwithst ding the prostra ion his t f W f u t t he heal h , he le t his boat at ady Hal a, mo n ed horse 'an Arabian) which he had brought with him fr As om ia Minor, and , in that way, proceeded into s u the province of Dongola . He reached what is p

s b of e po ed to be the neigh orhood the ancient Mero , about the middle of September . By taking a land

u u be ro te , tho gh avoided the great bend in the Nile , a considerable part of his journey from Dongola to

El Met emn eh lay through a des ert . fa r — a He had now penetrated into Ethiopia, c ountry whi c h makes so con s pic uous a ﬁgure in the I s geography of Homer and the sacred writ ers . t W N L . 49 MEMOIR OF JOH LO EL , JUN

Inhabita nts were the original founders of the civ

ili za i f t on o Egypt . The queen of Sheba was a n E h u of t he t iopian princess ; and Candace , q een

t c s . E hiopians , is named in the evangeli al hi tory Nothi n g c a n exc eed t he present desolation and ' s of t f mi ery his once avored region . Mr . Lowell

u s u hi s u as fa r a s Kha rt oom p r ed jo rney , a modern

c t f u be of t he t i y, o nded by the y Egypt, as capi al of i of of u his k ngdom Sennaar, the last his conq ests

in this direction . It lies at t he junction of the two

f t he u great branches which orm the Nile , Bl e and W u of 15 the hite Rivers , in the latit de degrees ,

u of u u of t he the latit de Hond ras , the mo th Senegal,

a n d of as u t for Goa, and probably nheal hy, a u a b northern constit tion , as any p rallel etween the

equator a n d the pole . The city of Kha rt oom c on

t a i n ed u . l abo t inhabitants , when Mr Lowe l

s w a s c of Koors hood vi ited it , and the residen e

c u of i t c Pa ha, a T rk d s inction in the military servi e

of of Of the bey Egypt, and governor the kingdoms

or pro v inc es of Dongola and Sennaar . The kind offi ce s and t he prot ec tion of this ofﬁ cer were of

. Khart oom great service to Mr Lowell , both at and

n o his journey to the Red Sea . ’ Aft er a few days residence at the capital Of

S of t ennaar, the state his heal h , and the progress

o The e ree i e s a k b Lowe l i n its a nti uit ies c a d g of nt re t t en y Mr. l q n

on be a de ua t e unders to o b he ins e t ion of his Journ a whi h ly q ly d y t p c l, c i s ﬁ le w rt h the res u t of t he mmut es t obs erv a tions a nd eas ure ents l d l m m , ma de un der the depres s rng in ﬂuence of s ev ere dis eas e an d a t ropic a l C i a t e l m . W . 50 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN

Of i t u the of the season , ' was now abo t . middle n t November ,) war ed him hat it was time to shape

u . w a s his co rse toward India To this end , it nec ess ary again t o descend the Nile a s fa r as the c of u t o s s ity Berber , in Lower N bia , cro s the de ert of u f t o Sowakee n N bia rom that place , on the Red

f r r o Pa o . Koo s h od Sea, and there embark Mocha cha furnis hed him wit h letters t o t he governors bot h ‘ of a n d Sowakeen u c u Berber , witho t whi h it wo ld have been difﬁcult to ﬁn d the means of t rans port a tion . A detac hment of troops was about marching f e f c of of rom Sennaar , to re n or e the army the bey

i n w u c b Egypt Arabia ; and , as they o ld pro eed y

s u a n d c s s t e s the ame ro te , ro the Red Sea at h ame

t u of c u s t he s c place , hey wo ld , o r e , monopolize anty mean s of c onveya nc e . But t he rec ommendat ion of

Koors hood m s u . re oved all ob tacles , and proc red Mr Lowell a kind rec ept ion from t he governor of Ber ber or El Mekheroff ; a n d a j ourn ey from that plac e of f u n on s c s s t o rtee days , camel , a ro s the de er ,

u Sowakeen s bro ght him to , a small port on the we t ern c oas t of the Red Sea .

s i n u of fu n u c Here , al o , virt e the power l i ﬂ en e

hi s f f t w a s exerted in avor rom the capi al , he ena

u fﬁ u t o a s s bled , witho t di c lty, eng ge a mall ve sel

t t o s f hi s t n naviga ed by Arabs , tran port himsel , at e d

s a n d c . on ant , baggage , to Mo ha He embarked the

‘ l 6t h D c 1 835 i n four or ﬁv e e ember, , and arrived ,

a t Ma s s ﬁwa t he w s t days , , another small port on e

c of S ea u 1 6 s ern oast the Red , in abo t degree north

t u e a s for lati de , wh re he had greed to top, the con I W . 5 1 MEMO R OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN

v e n i en c e of the party navigating hi s barque . On ’ t he 22d of D c lf f u i n e ember, at ha past o r o clock

t h e ft n be su his . t a er oon , re med voyage In he

c u s of s s u o r e the day, a di a ter occ rred , which is

sc i n f graphically de ribed the ollowing letter . I t u n ff m f in rod ce it e tire , as a ording a speci en o ’ . e s l a u a n d c n Mr Lowell s p r ona dvent res, as evin i g no s of u f mall degree energy, nder en eebling disease

a n d c u t of c n irc ms ances o siderable embarrassment .

Is a n of Das s a nea r Ma s s owa a nd s ti n ea l d , , ll rer a e ea Dec Dah a l r R d S 24t h . , , , 1 835, 65 A. M.

u t o I ret rn thanks God, who has preserved me .

We s our s have aved live , which we expected to lose

s u s u . a ye terday , at abo t thi ho r I have even saved

con s iderable part of my effects . When 1 was a

ut n for s c . u u yo h , I lo ged a hipwre k I tho ght it wo ld make me a secon d Robinson Crus oe ; but I con fess

t le n e w t s s f c tha I ar d , i h no mall sati a tion , yesterday

ft n s c h a er oon , that the i land on whi we were cast,

s t f wa s n ot a desert on e . Mo o the is lands in the

dr s w u Red Sea are y , ﬂat , and de olate , itho t water,

and uninhabited either by men or quadrupeds .

s s u i s n This has everal mall mo ntains , verda t at this

s i s c c u of of sea on , and o pied by people the tribe

D n a of uc s s c u t . a k li , whom Br e give ome ac o n They were formerly subject to the neighboring tribe of

' N a ee b a d n ew u c Of , n are s bje t to the pacha Egypt

We f Ma s s ﬁwé u our le t , and took , as I s pposed ,

a s a t f ﬂa t - e s u l t look the lo ty, topp d Aby sinian mo n W 52 I . MEMO R OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN

1 - 4 . M. 22d . We a f tains at } P , on the had resh

- u u u north easterly breeze , and as s al , d ring the rainy

. f u season , a lowering sky A ter s nset , a land breeze

from thos e mountains set in . The wind fres hened ;

it began to rain ; it poured . The water passed

u ma t - t t h u thro gh my opped li ter, as t o gh it had been

a sieve . I called Yanni twice ' he s pread the tent

uc s f f h e over my litter , and got a d king him el , be ore

- u f . s retired nder the little a ter deck All was u eless .

s n u f u u . I got wet to the ki , and tho ght mysel nl cky

our u In the meantime , seamen str ck their awkward

la ti ne s c ﬁt for f a n d ail , whi h is only air weather , attempted to anc hor ; but the anchor was brought

u t he of f p by end its cable be ore reaching bott om . They were aware t hat they were surrounded by

but n n or k n w shoals , either they their pilot e their

s . t u f precise po ition They ho ght it best , there ore ,

us f u a s on e to tr t to ort ne and it rained hard , every

of them got un der cover a n d went t o sleep . This I

f e ' learned a t rwards had I known it at the time , I

s hould have interrupted their sl umbers . The vess el

f s u of t he w w a s dri ted at the plea re ind , and there neit her pilot nor sailor t o heave t he lead nor sound

c i s t hen f s . with a pole , whi h Arab a hion

e d of s u s w e uc At the n everal ho r , str k on a coral

n s u us t h reef. The all hand j mped overboard to p h e

' ve s s el off the roc ks . My s a i s and cook joined the

i n u but f — crew this d ty ; a resh north west wind ,

ec a n i ed uc a om by rain and m h mist, rendered their efforts unavailin g . I retreated to my covered lit ter

n ut w a s a agai , and p what gold not alre dy in my W . 53 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN

' b oa u e . I did r d T rkish girdl , into my pocket the t same with my le ters of credit . The water now e ntered fa st through all the seams in the larboard

of s side the ve sel . The men could not bail the sc hooner fas t enough and as she c ontin ued to

t w a s i a u e s rike , it ev dent the le k wo ld b come worse .

a n ow out h w our Y nni called , T ey are thro ing cases ’ overboa rd ' True enough ; the hold of t he little

s s ff t a n d n ow ve el had been crowded with my e ec s, I

saw the m ﬂoating alongs ide . There Went my best

for f n t he e tent, its poles kept it rom sinki g and wav s

s oon carried it out of s ight . Here lay the box that c c c ontained my reﬂe ting cir le , and another with my

. o r Parisian riﬂe These two b xes we e large , and

s us e s t be ides the above and vario p ri hable ar icles , were ﬁlled with a variety of European luxuries and

s i n . s n u s of provi o s Macaroni , olive , to g e , the best

i s u s of c u a n d the b c it , the be t the ri e , s gar, tea, were

b s k among the num er . I wi hed to eep them till t he

s but o f ha d t o la t , they were overb ard be ore I time speak . The men then came to s everal heavy packs ’ of n s t c e elepha t tee h , whi h I had allowed th m to take in plac e of ballas t . They of course we n t direc tly to

. s s u t o t w the bottom The ve el contin ed set le do n , and before the operat ion of lightening her w a s con

n f u d o us e . cl ded , it was evi e t that it was no ' ’ We u a t 6 c . M. f u str ck O lock, A , a hal an ho r ’ f u s — it w a s 7 but be ore s nri e now o clock , so hazy that we could with difﬁculty dis tin guis h dist ant

t s . s t t objec No land was in igh , and the wea her W s u h . e f n u t he c s was till ro g were ast e o gh on ro k , W 54 . MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL, JUN but the danger was that t he schoon er might go t o

. i piec es there . All my people behaved well Yan n

u s of t h s few c alone , the yo nge t em , howed , by a oc a

u c a it i s t o D sio al ex lam tions , that hard look eath

t he f c 17 t he us i s Of f a re in a e at , when all ill on li e f . 7 u entire At hal past , it began to clear p, and the pilot now said t hat he knew where we were . We saw high mountains to the we s t and sout h of f us t he c O f u . , and land at distan e three or o r miles

We e of our - s t o t he t t he gave thr e water kins pilo , ’ f son a nd e n O s . Owner s , the most int llige t the ailors

ﬁ a i r t t i n s c h of Having lled them with , hey wen ear

n c n fﬁ c t ra i s a n d s i x assista e , leaving the i e ien hands

o s s s c ec n on b ard , be ide a pa senger hap , the s o d they had s muggled aboard wit hout my permis s ion . It now appeared that if we w ere t o put on board

a t hes e t c s ag in ar i les that had been floating along ide , c n c of s m we not only might stand a ha e aving the , but s hould fix t he s c hoon er more firmly in its pre s e n t

s . u s s c n s t n on ra t s po ition I rged thi la t o idera io the ,

u n ot n but he either co uld not or wo ld do a y thing .

My drogoman now behav ed well . He threw him

f t he s w a u e sel into sea, and , imming bo t there , hand d

c c se f c me my loak , and relo ked the ca rom whi h he

' ha d t a ken . s t s n t n it All my ervan , except A o io, who

s t ﬁt Of r u s s was di abled wi h a the he mati m , went al o

t o a n d of our c a s s d in the water , , getting hold es , hame t the s ailors in to lending us a han d . Wi h their a s s i s t a n c e s e t of our c s on a . , we oon g most arti le bo rd again ; and they were now so well persua ded of t he u t of for of t h s s l tili y the plan , the movement e ve e

W 56 N . MEMOIR OF JOH LO ELL , JUN

on e of n s and blowing in my empty powder ca ister ,

' h u if W of 'whic he had picked p,) as it ere a day

. u t he f t w o rejoicing He bro ght with him ra t, the t wo of our s m men , and me sengers, the pilot re ain

. for ing behind As the case , which they might u s f have bro ght as well as not, they had ent it adri t t o s ave trouble . It is thus with the whole African

a nd u e . Arab race , with whom I have had interco rs ' ou can trust them no farther than you have them

u . under yo r eye , and that eye wide open They return you the complimen t ; for they are the mos t

u fu of o a a n d s mistr st l m rt ls with rea on , considering the c ompa ny they keep .

h e s s t s t T mes enger reported , tha they had vi i ed a i a nd n ff for v llage , had made k own my o er , that , the

s of my ff c s 1 u u pre ervation e e t , wo ld give a h ndred b dollars , and that a little oat was now on her way ’ us t . c s to wi h the pilot A cording to the owner son , s he u c zemba ls t u t wo ld arry two , tha is , abo t hree

u of i n s h n h ndred weight , gra , and he propo ed t rowi g my cas e s overboard again . As such a boat could

of ff a s ha d not take the tenth part my e ects , and I

of n o s f k w some hopes towi g the b xe a ter me , and ne

u c n Of em a s so that the men wo ld ertai ly get rid th , on

as u 1 c s t s s u . my back was t rned , on en ed to thi mea re

n ow t he s ea Every thing went into , even cases that

f . had be ore been spared I kept nothing back, ex

u of cept my tr nks wearing apparel , my books ,

i i s ba ha d wr ting mater al , a leather g, into which I u u a thr st my Jo rn ls , my pistols , certain gilt French

for a f t c s . bagatelles presents , nd a ew o her arti le W . 5 7 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN

All a s a n d my ﬂo ting property was la hed together,

w e . l t t he b waited again At eng h , little oat hove in

a n d sight, appeared a good deal larger than had

e but s he a b en said ; there was no wind , and p proa c hed slowly . But it was now high tide . The water ha d ris en to the level of the litt le after - dec k ; my trunks were moved up still higher to avoid it ; the s and beach I have mentioned ha d long s inc e dis appeared ; and I could perceive unc erta in ty a n d a larm gatherin g again on t he fa ces of my people .

c s uc s u a n d The ook , e pecially, was m h di co raged , only t he sa i s retain ed hi s acc us t omed gayety . He w a s sure he c ould save both himself and the hors e . I told Antonio to tell him I s hould make him a ’ of ﬁf s s present ty pia tre , that is , nearly two months

a for . ut s w ges , his good behavior This p him in till

s f t a t t he bett er spirits . I was not sure my el h tide

lr s would not rise still higher . It had a eady ri en

b u a f f u f wa s f a o t three and a h l or o r eet, and , in act , at it s highest point .

r ‘ P esently the drogoman exclaimed , The hands ' ” a re n t o u s s s u t oo . goi g q it the ve el , and I hall q it

Hi s s u a s t he threat did not di t rb me , I knew poor fellow had n ot wherewit ha l to buy a din ner without me ; but I did not muc h relis h bein g left alone on f t he n . s u i deck by the seame I had alway co nted ,

e f it came to the worst , on having th ir aid and the ra t

ut . As for to p me on shore swimming, I have not s t for t s c t s o treng h tha , e pe ially in my clo hes , and t horough a ducking and expos ure might Of its elf ma ke an end of me . I entered my litter again to 8 5 8 H WEL JU N . MEMOIR OF JO N LO L ,

s c u t . a get a pi tol , whi h I thr s into my girdle Y nni ’ c ‘ c a our f ' ex laimed , They are arrying aw y ra t I

a n d u u stepped again on deck , , s re eno gh , the men f i t t ut were all in the water , ool shly at emp ing to p ’ on e of their packs of four great elephants teeth up u on a raft that co ld scarcely carry more t han one . ’ f n c ‘ That ra t is mi e , I ex laimed ; I made it, and it i s t h for u s of ied wit my cord , the p rpo e saving my ’ c us effec ts . These people were ac tomed to hear

t t of s me speak wi h the one a master ; they he itated , a n d then slowly made Off with the raft 'uit that ’ f t he ﬁrs t ra t, said I I will shoot t man who at empts ’ ' s s to move it I pre ented my pi tol , and they all

ft f uc f for s u le the ra t , m h to my relie , I ho ld have

ﬁred had they pers evered . I gave my sec ond pistol

A but w a s h to ntonio, it now clear t at the tide was

be n f . s gin ing to all The promi ed boat approached , a n d the then new thought only of savin g their

c the f of s hooner , passing , with acility children ,

f on e n t rom idea to a o her diametrically Opposed to it .

As for w a s s f u a t their ivory , it a e eno gh the bottom

Of t he c u u sea, where they o ld pick it p again when

they liked . I told them I wished all my ba ggage ’ w a s i n elephants teet h .

The boat arrived alongside at last . She proved large enough to t ake all my trunks a n d effects on

a h s c s ea . We bo rd , t at had e aped the took the

s t s t ow case , hat were la hed together, in , and left

s u o behind the horse , three heep, a q antity f wat er

doura h s s of soaked , and other article , ome whic h

were lying at the bottom of the hold . Ive quit ted W E . 59 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO LL , JUN

3 . M. , a n d s e er the , wreck at } P the hor e was led v he a rd at t he sa me t ime . I hoped he might follow us b l uc n a i t , e ieving the village to be m h earer th n

. s s n u n s ets t he was The hor e oo ret r ed , with his , to wreck . There were t hree men i n the lit tle boat ’ s s s be ides my servants , the owner s son , the pa enger ,

s f. We who pretended to be a ailor, and mysel had

n s little wi d , and the men were neither di posed to row nor pole with energy . They c omplained that t he c s e our s w ase in tow imped d progre s , and ere

t he o of c u t n s n t on p int t i g them loo e , sayi g hey

- would return for them to morrow . As I cons idered the mea s ure tan tamount to t he los s or s poiling of

c s s . n every arti le in them , I re i ted it The ight ‘ c s u us . n t t s We w lo ed pon Prese ly hey aid , ill

v leave you a n d two men on board . E ery body else

s s s c n uc t he t n s t he will a i t in o d ting ﬂoa i g ca es . to ’ - s h s ﬁn d t o rrrorrow . ' hore , w ere we hall them ery ’ i ‘ n t n i s s c a n d us well , I repl ed ; only A o io i k , m t ’ s w . on e of t e t he tay ith me So the boa m n , and ’ w s s on bo u e t s ea . o ner , and a y , j mp d in o the I ma c o c n but t k de my ok ac ompa y them , did not hin i t bes t t o oblige Yanni or t he drogom a n t o follow

i e r s a s u t . h i T ere rema n d the p etended ilor, who n ow profe s s ed to have a headac he . I t old him he pas s ed hims elf a s a s ailor on boa rd of t he ve s s el I ha d c h t u n ow a a c of ar ered , and he m st t ke the pl e

t o um a . s s e one . So he had j p overbo rd I a ent d

o s n t a s the m re readily to thi arra gemen , we had n ow f e c u u s a resh bre ze , whi h I tho ght wo ld oon part

e k t he towing lin e . W had ept hitherto an eas t 60 W MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL , JUN .

- - s outh east course . We n ow veered to south eas t

u - ou - s u r and so th s th ea t, and in another ho r a rived

at the village . Our ot her people were all on the

i f c a s es f . beach , hav ng, as I expected , le t the adri t

f of t he A ter some delay, we got a small room in one

us s a ll s n . ho e , and were a leep by mid ight ﬁf t This morning, I gave ty pias res to the boat

men who came to our assis tance ye s t erday . This

pleased them exc eedingly . Two thirds of my

ff c s a re s i f e e t till aﬂoat, and they bring them to

1 ﬁf . day, shall give them ty piastres more I hope

t o- for Ma ss ewa l en to start morrow , where I sha l

gage another vessel . ‘ ’ c . . n u n . Five o clo k , P M Anto io has ret r ed

The horse is here ; so are the sheep . The ﬂoatin g

s of s - ca es ye terday are pic ked up. To morrow I

shall know what we have lost . Many articles are

m but h c da aged , the eatables c ieﬂy will ompose t h e division which is wholly lost . u ff Yo rs , a ectionately, ' JO W JU N . HN LO ELL,

f . t u t o The ollowing day, Mr Lowell re rned Mas

s Ow s u ff c s a with his re c ed baggage and e e t ; and ,

e s s for c t ngaging there a ve el Mocha, rea hed tha

on ﬁ s of u e u place the r t Jan ary, xha sted by the

ff c of n - u s f u e e ts lo g contin ed di ease , and recent atig e

and exposure . f u u h He was ort nate eno gh to meet, at Moc a, with a surgeon attached to the service of the Britis h East

a s u India Company, and , he tho ght , derived impor W JU N . 61 MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL,

ﬁ f f s s tan t bene t rom his pro e ional advice . B ut the s c n ene was drawi g toward a close . The disease which had hung upon him for seven or eight m s — i s of u s um onth , the merc less heat a N bian

f t u of c u s mer, the a ig e his ex r ion through t he

a n d desert between the Nile the Red Sea, with the shock given to an enfeebled system by hi s ship a of t wreck , and the w nt rest and medical trea ment for ft r u a month a e wards , had ndermined his con s ti t ut i on . The last letters written by him bear date

17 ua 1 836 c the th Jan ry, , at Mo ha ; at which time he was in daily expectat ion of the arrival of the

t . Bri ish steamboat, on her way to Bombay No farther intelligen ce was ever received direct ly from

‘ hi f u u u msel , altho gh his Jo rnal is contin ed till within a few days of his decease . The steamboat H ugh

s c f u on 20t h Lind ay arrived at Mo ha, rom S ez , the

u a n d on 23d . s Jan ary ; , the , Mr Lowell took pas age

for c 10t h of in her Bombay, whi h he reached on the i ' the followin g month . No mprovement had taken

a c t f f s u n t h pl e in his heal h ; and , a ter eebly tr ggli g wi hi s s s u s di ea e abo t three week , he died , at Bombay,

4 th of 1 36 . on the March , 8

u v u a t The nadorned narrati e , which I have th s

s u c s s of tempted , will persede the ne e ity a labored delineation of his character . It s promine n t traits are cons pic uous in the events of hi s life . Every one perceive s his uncommon energy and persevera nc e ; but it is impos s ible to do full j ust ice to his re s olution a n d ﬁ s of u w u u of his rmne s p rpose , itho t the per sal

- s Let ter books and Journal . Nothing les than an W 62 JU N . MEMOIR OF JOHN LO ELL, eminent degree of thes e qualities would have ena

him u u hi s u u in bled to p rs e jo rney into Upper N bia , a s tate of health which would have bee n deemed by most persons to require t he care a n d c omforts of

. n s u home He not o ly per evered , nder these cir c ums t a n c es c n u n hi s u fa r t , in onti i g jo rney wi hin the

c s s u but. u tropi , in mid mmer , explored the nat ral f u of c u u s s eat res the o ntry thro gh which he pa ed ,

s of u s t t he and the remain antiq ity vi i ed by way, a n d rec orded the re s ult of his obs erva t ion s with a

u s s i u u min tene , wh ch wo ld be tho ght highly credit able t o the diligence of a person in perfec t healt h . Many inc ide n ts als o oc c urred durin g hi s travels in

u s c s of s the barbaro s di tri t A ia Minor , Egypt , and , a s a s n c c s n of i w c we h ve ee by o a io his sh p re k , in

c n o c of the Red Sea , evin ing ommon degree per son al ﬁrmne s s and coura ge .

From t hos e whos e ac quaintanc e with Mr . Lowell

h u s n was more intimate t an my own , I nder ta d that a mode s ty borderin g upon difﬁden c e gave to his m s n c a n c of anner , in ge eral so iety , appearan e cold n s s s m h a t he s t o e and re erve , which ig t le d tranger

i s a c h w a s m take his real ch racter , in whi h t ere a mixture of great s trength a n d delic ac y of feelin g .

The s s of s s t n of kindne his di po i io , and the warmth hi s s n out c c of fa heart, ho e in the ir le his miliar ‘ f s difﬁrs ed u c u riend , and a genial inﬂ en e on all aro nd him . The purity and delicac y of his moral pri n c iple s were wholly un impaired by his large interc ours e h w t . s ut t i h the world Expo ed , in yo , to the wors

64 EM I N . M O R OF JOH LOWELL , JUN of his attention ; and valuable information on these

u n s ubjec ts is contained in his Jo r al . He appears t o have inherited a talent and ta ste for mat hematic s .

u s of c c Calc lation , onsiderable extent and intrica y, but f n in an incomplete and ragme tary state , appar ently designed t o as certain the c ubical content of

r r a re f u . the la ger py amids , o nd among his notes It is to be remembered , however, that he did not live to enter the ﬁeld which was the great object of f his undertakin g . It is probable that large stores o u i n u t knowledge , gathered p a sing larly re entive

s c s t u memory, were lo t, at his de ea e , wi ho t leaving

- of hi s u s for a trace in the Note books jo rneying , the

s w a s t he s s u be rea on that he arrested by la t mmons , f s et f u f c ore he had oot pon the region , in re eren e to

f r whic h his reading had been o a long time direc ted .

s a t hl s c Irc ums t a n c e hi s - o Notwith t nding , Letter bo ks a n d u are u u of c u Jo rnals , thro gho t, those an a te ,

c u - n s uc u saga io s , and well i tr ted traveller, and wo ld f u u c u c orm , I am pers aded , in a j di io s sele tion , a very acceptable pre s ent to the reading public . The diligence with whic h his corresponden ce was pur

u t o n of s ed , bears witness the stre gth his domestic a c l s ttachments , as it is prin ipa ly addres ed to the members of his fa mily . His fortitude and c on s id era t en es s are manife s ted in the infrequence of his

us s of uff all ion to the state s ering and danger, in

c f whi h he had so o ten occasion to write .

W t ﬁ s u i h his r t serio s illness in Upper Egypt , he t u u n of a n d rned his tho ghts to the la d his birth , the c ompletion of his testamentary provision for the W I E JU N . 65 MEMO R OF JOHN LO LL,

beneﬁ t of his native city . The object of hi s he

u s f i n his WIll ' t he ai n a c e q e t, as set orth , is m nte n

u r of u u t o be and s ppo t p blic lect res , delivered in

s u h u al h a t Bo ton , pon p ilosophy, nat r istory, the r s and c of u e s iences , or any them , as the tr st e shall ,

ﬁ°om m e t for ti e to time , deem exp dien the promo

of a n u a i n tion the mor l , and i tellect al, and physic l ” s t ruction or education of the cit izens of Bost on . Aft er a pa rtial rec overy from a severe atta ck of dis

f h c uff for ﬁv e ease , rom w i h he s ered weeks , in a codicil to his will written amidst t he ruins of

f a u a n Thebes , rom a place c lled L xor, Arab village , the whole of which is situated on the rema ins of i Mr. o s s h s an ancient palace , L well tran mit to kinsman and t rustee his deta iled directions for the

a of u . Of t he dministration his tr st these , most important are expressed as follows ' As the most certa in and the most importa nt pa rt of u s s tr e philo ophy appear to me to be that, which ’ shows the connection between God s rev elations a n d the kn owledge of good and e v il implanted by

our u u of u him in nat re , I wish a co rse lect res to be

u al f t given on nat r religion , showing its con ormi y to

of ou that r Saviour . For the more perfect demonstration of the truth of u a those moral and religio s precepts , by which lone , u of s as I believe , men can be sec re happiness in thi w t o i u of t u orld and that come , I w sh a co rse lec res to be delivered on the historical and internal evi u f de ces in avor of Christianity . I wish all disputed n of f poi ts aith and ceremony to be avoided , and the ' 9 66 M JU N . EMOIR OF JOHN LOWELL, a ttention of t he lec turers t o be direct ed to the moral ‘ of t he ir if doctrines gospel , stating the opinion , they w l but n ot n c e t he i l , e gaging in ontroversy, ven on s ubject of the penalty for disobedience .

' of N e As the prosperity my native land , w Eng

s u u us land , which is terile and nprod ctive , m t depend

f fo e ﬁ herea ter , as it has hereto r depended , rst, on

u e n the moral q alities , and , second , on the int llige ce

f of u of and in ormation its inhabitants, I am desiro s trying to contribute towards this second object al s o ; a n d I wish courses of lectures to be established on physics and chemistry, with their application to

ar n the ts ; also, on bota y, zoology, geology, and ul u mineralogy, connected with their partic ar tility to man . After the establis hment of these courses of Ic e

u u fun es t res, sho ld disposable ds remain , or, in proc s of u u u time , be acc m lated, the tr stee may appoint courses of lectures to be delivered on the literature

u of our u and eloq ence lang age , and even on those

of f n n if ﬁt . a f m oreig natio s , he see He may, lso , ro

u e u time to time , establish lect r s on any s bject that, i n of his opinion , the wants and taste the age may ” demand . ' As inﬁdel opinions appear to me injurious to oc n u s iety, and easily to insi ate themselves into a . ’ on u w man s dissertations any s bject, ho ever remote f u rom religion , no man o ght to be appoint ed a u lect rer, who is not willing to declare , and who n ot u f does previo sly declare , his belie in the di

n of m t s vi e revelation the Old and New Testa en , W ME I OF N L JU N . 6 MO R JOH LO E L , 7

leaving the int erpreta tion t hereof t o hi s own c on ” s cience . u e e t he e n n S ch w r nlighte ed provisio s of Mr .

for e ﬁ of n Lowell the b ne t his ative city . Surround ed by t he mos t enduring monuments of human

u he f be t e e grande r, elt how little can done o levat m u of ma n u u the oral nat re , by exha sting the q arry of and piling its bloc ks granite to t he clouds . As fa r as we c a n j udge from the unparalleled number

a n d of es gigantic dimensions the templ , palaces , of s m gateways, alleys phinxes, and ce eteries , that

c ﬁll u of over the site , and p the environs Egyptian

t he u of mo s who a Thebes, reso rces the narch , m de

i t i u x t s e of t he their res dence , m st have e ceeded ho

aes e Roman C ars , when the world obeyed their s ep But n u f u tre . when we i q ire a ter the inﬂ ence of this mighty monarchy on the welfare of the human race ; when we ask for the lights of humanity that

i t s a n s — for of u t he adorned nal , the teachers tr th ,

c of u dis overers in science , the champions virt e , the

t a s f of - it s tesmen , the legi lators , the riends man , i s all a dreary blank . Not one bright n ame is pre served i n their his tory ; not one great or generous

if e f fr ' deed , ver per ormed , has escaped om oblivion

u a s not a word , ever ttered or written by the myri d of l i u s of t s rationa be ngs , the lords or the s bject hi

e mighty empire , has been embalm d in the memory

of f of mankind . A beam light rom t he genius of a u u u modern French scholar , cast pon the sc lpt red

d of O s s si es beli k and temples, has redeemed the n a me s a n d title s of forgot t en Pha ra ohs from ages of oblivion ; but n o moral Champollion c a n pour a 8 M M or N JU N . 6 E OIR JOH LOWELL, transformin g ray into the essential character of the

n u n Egyptia monarchy, and make it a ght else tha u of u a n d one nbroken record s perstition , ignorance , slavery .

Ou f - n t he r lamented ellow citize , well versed in

of mu u history ancient times , sing amidst the r ins u ﬁ of this nconsecrated magni cence , seems , with a

n e of yearni g heart, whil the hand disease still lay u fa r ual pon him , to have desired , as as an individ u ff u co ld e ect it , to sec re his beloved native land f u of a us c rom the blighting inﬂ ence those c es , whi h preyed upon the ' itals of this primal seat of empire . u — These ca ses were well known to him , known f h —kn f m x rom istory, own ro their e istence at the

u i n t he . present ho r , same wretched region There

f u of was no ree c ltivation intellect in Egypt,

— - ul u n u e . The no pop ar ed catio , no p blic lib rty resources of the monarchy were lavished on t he

of - wars and luxury its princes . The soul crushing despotism of mystery checked all development of

the common mind . In c onsequen c e of the slavery of ca ste — of u of , religion instead being a so rce

of — light, social improvement, and happiness was

u n O an additional instr me t f subjec tion . It chieﬂy employed its energies in the dis gus tin g art of pre venting the clay that peri shes from returning to it s

kindred dust . Nor was this the worst . The pries t hood made themselves the exclusive depositaries of If learning . we can trust the acc ounts of the a n

the of s h cient writers , import tho e ieroglyphic al characters in which the Egyptian wis dom i s record

ed t o t he r es t s a nd , was a mystery known only p i , E W JU N . 69 M MOIR OF JOHN LO ELL,

r u s those to whom , in thei secl ded cells, they cho e to

con ﬁde it . Well might i t have been expected that

the knowledge of i t would perish . It had no root in the int elligence of the people ; it was the secret of

c s out t t he a a te , and it died wi h privileged order by it which was engrossed . The pyramids themselves

u c u — u u h co ld not r mble , the sc lpt red granite , in t at

u i t s - r mild climate , co ld not lose deeply g aven charac

— but of ter ; , instead handing down an intelligent rec ord of the monarchs who reared their mountain

s s a n d n ow u u n c a v mas e , sl mber in their mon me tal

s t but a s ern , hey stand eternal mementoes how al l u t perishable is glory , how ﬂeeting is all d ra ion ,

but t hat of the improved mind .

few The sentences penned , with a tired hand,

our f - of of by ellow citizen , on the top a palace the

h for u P araohs , will do more h man improvement,

n for u a wa s a ll of tha , a ght that ppears , done by that

gloomy dynasty that ever reign ed . I scruple not to

a fﬁ c n s for a rm , that, in the dire tio given by him

c u s of u ar uc n — u t of o r e pop l instr tio , ill s rative the gre a t trut hs of natural religion and the evide n c es

of s t u f s s of u a Chri ianity , and n olding the tore nat r l

s n u fu k — s n s cie ce and se l nowledge , to be di pe ed

h u s n t c u — wit o t re triction to an e ire omm nity, there i s a better hope that mental activity will be proﬁt u ut u ably kindled , tho ght p in sal tary motion , the

of u us of f out connection tr th with the es li e traced ,

c of ﬁ and the ondition man bene ted , than in all the c u c ls c t a n d u s of o n i , res ripts , exploi s , instit tion Se sos t ri s a n d his line . I am persuaded that more us efu w w of of l kno ledge , higher vie s the works W 70 M or N L LL . EMOIR JOH O E , JUN

God e s s , deeper and mor earching glimp es into of u e — u the mysteries nat r , will be comm nicated in the course of lectures which will commence next i n Friday, than lies hidden the hieroglyphics that

e f cover the Egyptian templ s , rom the cataracts to

t he ut h of u mo the Nile , altho gh every character, ’ a . u u ccording to M Arago s s ggestion , sho ld be copied D u fu by the ag erreotype , and lly explained by the f u of key Of Champollion . Let the o ndation Mr . Lowell s tand on the principles prescribed by him ; let the ﬁdelity with which it is now a dmin istered c ontinue to direct it ; and no language is emphatic i o i enough to do full j ustice to t s imp rtanc e . It w ll f u be , rom generation to generation , a perennial so rce

of u - a n of u p blic good , dispe sation so nd science , of u fu of u o se l knowledge , tr th in its most imp r

tant associations with the destiny of ma n . These

a re o . blessings which cann t die They will abide , when the san ds of the desert shall have covered what they have hitherto spared of the Egyptian of temples and they will render the name Lowell , t m ul l u in all wise and moral estima ion , ore tr y i l stri

ous of a , than that any Phar oh engraven on their

. of walls These belong to the empire the mind , w al of u hich one , h man things , is immortal , and they

a s l of will remain a memoria his Christian liberality, when all that is material s hall have van ished as a s croll .

72 NOTE.

a c t e a rt i n th e o t c a c on t rov ers es of th e da a n d iv p p li i l i y ,

o exerc is ed a po werful i nﬂ uen c e over publrc Opi n i n . Thos e part y di v is ion s w hic h h a d t heir origi n i n t h e

F renc e o ut on a n d t h e v a r ous ues t on s t ouc n h r v l i , i q i hi g t h e foreign rela t ion s of t h e c oun t ry t ha t g re w out of

w e n t red wi t h w t Mr. o e e i t ere t en a t t e r e . , h h i h igh L ll ‘ ea rn es t n es s i n t o t h e di s c us s ion of thes e ques t ions i n t he

u c ourn a s a n d a ft er t h e ec ea s e of Mr. mes i n p bli j l , , d A ,

1 8 08 os s es se a rea t er a s c en en c t a n a n ot e , p d g d y h y h r

ers on i n N e w En lan ov er t he m n ds of t os e w h o p g d , i h

He w a w ere O os e t o t h e n a t on a a dmi n rs t ra t i on . s pp d i l ,

ow ev er a s a ol t c a wr t er n ot more n t re a nd h , p i i l i , i pid

o un c ompromis i n g t ha n h e wa s fa ir a nd hon ra ble . He proba bly enjoyed a s muc h of t h e res pec t of h i s

o on en t s a s i t w a s os s e t o a w a r t o on e w os e pp , p ibl d h opi n ion s w ere c on c ei v ed a n d expres s ed w it h equa l

w a n o w n t a t n o ﬁ rmn es s a n d a r or . It a s un v ers d i lly k , h des ire for t h e hon ors or emolumen t s of oﬂi c e moved h i s

en t a t b e n e t er s ou t n or c ou be n uc e p ; h i h gh , ld i d d

t o a c c e t a n u c s t a t on w a t e er. os e w h o p , y p bli i h v Th

drffered from h i m i n o n i on us t c e t o t h e on es t pi , did j i h y

of h i s ur os e a n d t h e ur t of hi s ers on a c a ra c t er. p p , p i y p l h

N o on e w i t n es sed w i t h grea t er s a t i s fa c t i on t ha n Mr.

ow e t h e s u s en c e of a rt s r t w c t oo a c e L ll , b id p y pi i , hi h k pl i n t his c oun t ry i n c on sequen c e of t h e gen era l pa c i ﬁ c a

me In E n d F o n urope a Americ a i n 1 8 1 5 . r m t h rs t ime

for wa r ur n t h e ua rt er of a c en t ur w c h a s d , d i g q y hi h

nc e e a s e i t i s e e e t a t h e t oo n o a rt i n t h e s i l p d , b li v d h k p

di s c us s on of t h e a r ous t o c s of o t c a n t eres t i v i pi p li i l i ,

w c s uc c es s e res en t e t ems e v es a n d w c hi h iv ly p d h l , hi h ha ve rec en t ly formed t h e ba s is of a n ew orga n i za t ion

a D n t h e ea r et w n h of p rt ies . ividi g y b ee i s res iden c e i n

Bos t on a n d h i s fa rm i n Ro bur h e a v e se f ot x y , g him l , b h NOTE . 73

In t ow n a nd c oun t r t o t h e urs u t s of r v a t e fe a n d y , p i p i li ,

es ec a t o ort c u t ure a n d a rl c ul t ure w c b e p i lly h i l g , ' hi h

t h orou un ers t oo ot i n t eor a n d ra c t c e a n d ghly d d , b h h y p i , )

t o t h e romot on of t h e v a r ous u c t era r a n d p i i p bli , li y ,

c a r t a e n st t ut on s . He w a s for ma n ea rs a h i bl i i i , y y , mos t in ﬂue n t ia l me mber of t h e Corpora t ion of Ha rv a rd

Un ers t a l a c e n ow ﬁ le i n t h e t r en era t on iv i y , ' p l d , hi d g i ,

mo h i s s on Mr. Jo n r o we t h e s o e t rus t ee of by , h A y L ll , l t h e Low ell In s t it ut e ; ) h e w a s a mon g t h e mos t a c t ive a n d efﬁc ien t promot ers of t h e es t a bli s hmen t of t he

a s s a c us ett s Gen era Hos rt a l a n d of t he Pro en t M h l p , vid In s t it ut ion for Sa v rn gs i n t h e Ci t y of Bos t on ; h e t ook

t h e ea a out t we n t ea rs a o i n t h e mea s ure s l d , b y y g , a dopt ed for i n c rea s i n g t h e useful n es s of t h e Bos t on

t en aeum a n d w a s for s ev era ea rs t h e mos t rom A h ; , l y , p

i ne n t mem er a n d t h e res rden t of t h e oa r of t rus t ees b , p b d ,

f h e a s s a c us et t s r c u t a o e o t M h Ag i l ur l S c i t y . In w ha t

e v er h e en a e h e rou t t o i t h i s w o e ea rt a n d g g d , b gh h l h ;

w ere er h i s s erv c es w ere en i t w a s — n ot h v i giv , by

a s s um t on but t h e n ec es s t of h i s n a t ure t h e p i , by i y ,

e n er of h i s c a ra c t er a n d t h e w n eferen c e of gy h , illi g d

— a a ea e h rea t s c r o o t hers s l d r . T e g e et f h rs i n ﬂuen c e

w a i e t re a n d un s us ec t e s nt ere t n s h s n i p d di i s ed es s .

B ut It w as on i n s oc a n t erc ours e a n d t h e rel a t on s ly i l i , i of r a t e a n d omes t c l 1fe t h a t t h e ea ut a n d w ort p iv d i , b y h ’ t w H w a ra c er e re fu s a e . e of Mr . Lo ell s c h lly di pl y d w a s a n ima t ed by t h e loft l es t s en s e of pers on a l hon or ; h i s ea rt w a s t h e ome of t h e k rn des t feel n s a n d h h i g ; ,

w t out a s a e of s e ﬁ s n es s h e c on s ere w ea t t o i h h d l h , id d l h

n o ot erw s e v a ua e but a s a ow erfu n s t rumen t b e h i l bl , p l i

o Hi s l rb e ra lrt w en t t o t h e e t en t of h i s of do in g g od . y x

a n d w ere t e s t o e h e e erc s e a n a mos t mea n s ; h h y pp d , x i d l

o o e t h e mea n s of ot It w a s un limit ed c on t r l v r hers . 74 NOTE .

drffrc nl t t o res i s t t h e c on t a gion of h i s en t hus i a s m ; for

i t w a s t h e en t us a s m of a s tron c u t v a t e a nd h i g , l i d ,

H s prac t ic a l min d . e po s es sed c olloquia l pow ers o f t h e

es t or er a nd a ﬂo w of un s t u e el o uenc e n ev high d , di d q er

s ur a s s e a nd ra re a s w t hi m un t e w t t e p d , ly , i h , i d i h h

m f a n a c c ura t e e e a n t a n c om an o d o c a en . It d , l g , l gi l p

w a s m os s e for h im t o en t er n t o a s oc a c rc e i p ibl i i l i l ,

o we er n t e e n t w h c h e w a s n ot a e un c on h v i llig , i h bl ,

s c i ous l a n d w t o ut foret ou t t o ol i n W n y i h h gh , h d illi g

a t t en t on t h e c a rms of h rs c on a n H a ers t o . e h i , by h v i d a deep s en se of t h e t rut h s a n d hopes of t h e Ch ris t ia n

fa t a nd n e er a u e t o t h em n or c o un t ena nc e a n i h , v ll d d , d a us on b ut w t t a t ra t a n d s er ous n es s w c ll i , i h h g vi y i hi h

n e s o belon g t o t h e highes t i t re t f ma n .

T h e ec n n s t a t e of h i s ea t led h im w t n t d li i g h l h , i hi he

a s t few ea rs t o w t ra w ms e f a mos t w o fr l y , i hd hi l l h lly om

s oc et . He a s s e a w n t er t wo ea rs a o i n t h e i y p d i , y g ,

Wes t n es en o n t h e en a c ma t e I di , highly j yi g g i l li , s t udyin g w it h deligh t t h e boun dless profus ion of t he

t ro c a F ora b ut w t n o s u s t a n t a m ro emen t of pi l l , i h b i l i p v

i h 1 1t h of t h e n mon h s ea t . On t e rese t t a rc h l h p h , 'M h ,

he e a t h i s ﬁ res e i n Bos t on s u den a di d id , d ly, nd

w o a e o en t ut a n t t h e a f s e t ea rs . i h p i , g v y y Th e la s t t ime I s a w h i m w a s a t t h e delivery of t h e

rec e n sc ours e on t he e en n of th e 2d o p di g di , v i g f

a n He w a s ea s e t en o J ua ry . pl d h t expres s h i s kin d a pprova l of my humble effort t o do jus t i c e t o t h e mun i ﬁ c en t foun da t i on of h i s n ephew ; a n d i t i s w i t h

dee s ens t t a t n o w r n i t t o a c os e w t p ibili y h I b i g l , i h t his

fee e t r ute t o t h e memor of one of t h e ea r es t bl ib y li ,

n est a n d mos t res ec t e of t h e fr en s of m ou ki d , p d i d y y t h .