Florida Atlantic University Academic Program Review Self-Study Report Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Taxonomy and Diversity of the Sponge Fauna from Walters Shoal, a Shallow Seamount in the Western Indian Ocean Region
Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region By Robyn Pauline Payne A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Scientiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisors: Dr Toufiek Samaai Prof. Mark J. Gibbons Dr Wayne K. Florence The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. December 2015 Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region Robyn Pauline Payne Keywords Indian Ocean Seamount Walters Shoal Sponges Taxonomy Systematics Diversity Biogeography ii Abstract Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region R. P. Payne MSc Thesis, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Seamounts are poorly understood ubiquitous undersea features, with less than 4% sampled for scientific purposes globally. Consequently, the fauna associated with seamounts in the Indian Ocean remains largely unknown, with less than 300 species recorded. One such feature within this region is Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount located on the South Madagascar Ridge, which is situated approximately 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nautical miles east of South Africa. Even though it penetrates the euphotic zone (summit is 15 m below the sea surface) and is protected by the Southern Indian Ocean Deep- Sea Fishers Association, there is a paucity of biodiversity and oceanographic data. -
A Soft Spot for Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge Secondary Metabolite Distribution
marine drugs Review A Soft Spot for Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge Secondary Metabolite Distribution Adrian Galitz 1 , Yoichi Nakao 2 , Peter J. Schupp 3,4 , Gert Wörheide 1,5,6 and Dirk Erpenbeck 1,5,* 1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany; [email protected] (A.G.); [email protected] (G.W.) 2 Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; [email protected] 3 Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Wilhelmshaven, Germany; [email protected] 4 Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), 26129 Oldenburg, Germany 5 GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany 6 SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Palaeontology and Geology, 80333 Munich, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Marine sponges are the most prolific marine sources for discovery of novel bioactive compounds. Sponge secondary metabolites are sought-after for their potential in pharmaceutical applications, and in the past, they were also used as taxonomic markers alongside the difficult and homoplasy-prone sponge morphology for species delineation (chemotaxonomy). The understanding Citation: Galitz, A.; Nakao, Y.; of phylogenetic distribution and distinctiveness of metabolites to sponge lineages is pivotal to reveal Schupp, P.J.; Wörheide, G.; pathways and evolution of compound production in sponges. This benefits the discovery rate and Erpenbeck, D. A Soft Spot for yield of bioprospecting for novel marine natural products by identifying lineages with high potential Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge of being new sources of valuable sponge compounds. -
Porifera) in Singapore and Description of a New Species of Forcepia (Poecilosclerida: Coelosphaeridae)
Contributions to Zoology, 81 (1) 55-71 (2012) Biodiversity of shallow-water sponges (Porifera) in Singapore and description of a new species of Forcepia (Poecilosclerida: Coelosphaeridae) Swee-Cheng Lim1, 3, Nicole J. de Voogd2, Koh-Siang Tan1 1 Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227, Singapore 2 Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity, Naturalis, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 3 E-mail: [email protected] Key words: intertidal, Southeast Asia, sponge assemblage, subtidal, tropical Abstract gia) patera (Hardwicke, 1822) was the first sponge de- scribed from Singapore in the 19th century. This was A surprisingly high number of shallow water sponge species followed by Leucosolenia flexilis (Haeckel, 1872), (197) were recorded from extensive sampling of natural inter- Coelocarteria singaporensis (Carter, 1883) (as Phloeo tidal and subtidal habitats in Singapore (Southeast Asia) from May 2003 to June 2010. This is in spite of a highly modified dictyon), and Callyspongia (Cladochalina) diffusa coastline that encompasses one of the world’s largest container Ridley (1884). Subsequently, Dragnewitsch (1906) re- ports as well as extensive oil refining and bunkering industries. corded 24 sponge species from Tanjong Pagar and Pu- A total of 99 intertidal species was recorded in this study. Of lau Brani in the Singapore Strait. A further six species these, 53 species were recorded exclusively from the intertidal of sponge were reported from Singapore in the 1900s, zone and only 45 species were found on both intertidal and subtidal habitats, suggesting that tropical intertidal and subtidal although two species, namely Cinachyrella globulosa sponge assemblages are different and distinct. -
The Chemistry of Marine Sponges∗ 4 Sherif S
The Chemistry of Marine Sponges∗ 4 Sherif S. Ebada and Peter Proksch Contents 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................ 192 4.2 Alkaloids .................................................................................. 193 4.2.1 Manzamine Alkaloids ............................................................. 193 4.2.2 Bromopyrrole Alkaloids .......................................................... 196 4.2.3 Bromotyrosine Derivatives ....................................................... 208 4.3 Peptides .................................................................................... 217 4.4 Terpenes ................................................................................... 240 4.4.1 Sesterterpenes (C25)............................................................... 241 4.4.2 Triterpenes (C30).................................................................. 250 4.5 Concluding Remarks ...................................................................... 268 4.6 Study Questions ........................................................................... 269 References ....................................................................................... 270 Abstract Marine sponges continue to attract wide attention from marine natural product chemists and pharmacologists alike due to their remarkable diversity of bioac- tive compounds. Since the early days of marine natural products research in ∗The section on sponge-derived “terpenes” is from a review article published -
Defenses of Caribbean Sponges Against Predatory Reef Fish. I
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 127: 183-194.1995 Published November 2 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. I. Chemical deterrency Joseph R. Pawlikl,*,Brian Chanasl, Robert J. ~oonen',William ~enical~ 'Biological Sciences and Center for Marine Science Research. University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403-3297, USA 2~niversityof California, San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla. California 92093-0236. USA ABSTRACT: Laboratory feeding assays employing the common Canbbean wrasse Thalassoma bifas- ciatum were undertaken to determine the palatability of food pellets containing natural concentrations of crude organic extracts of 71 species of Caribbean demosponges from reef, mangrove, and grassbed habitats. The majority of sponge species (69%) yielded deterrent extracts, but there was considerable inter- and intraspecific vanability in deterrency. Most of the sponges of the aspiculate orders Verongida and Dictyoceratida yielded highly deterrent extracts, as did all the species in the orders Homoscle- rophorida and Axinellida. Palatable extracts were common among species in the orders Hadromerida, Poecilosclerida and Haplosclerida. Intraspecific variability was evident, suggesting that, for some spe- cies, some individuals (or portions thereof) may be chemically undefended. Reef sponges generally yielded more deterrent extracts than sponges from mangrove or grassbed habitats, but 4 of the 10 most common sponges on reefs yielded palatable extracts -
(Arenochalina), Biemna and Clathria
marine drugs Review Chemistry and Biological Activities of the Marine Sponges of the Genera Mycale (Arenochalina), Biemna and Clathria Amr El-Demerdash 1,2,* ID , Mohamed A. Tammam 3,4, Atanas G. Atanasov 5,6 ID , John N. A. Hooper 7 ID , Ali Al-Mourabit 8 and Anake Kijjoa 9,* ID 1 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France 2 Organic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt 3 Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece; [email protected] 4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt 5 Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] 6 Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland 7 Queensland Museum, Biodiversity & Geosciences Program, P.O. Box 3300, South Brisbane BC, Queensland 4101, Australia; [email protected] 8 ICSN—Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, University of Paris-Saclay, 1, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France; [email protected] 9 ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar & CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal * -
Sponges, Genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean Mangrove and Comments on Subgeneric Classification
23 December 1998 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 111(4):737-773. 1998. Sponges, genus Mycale (Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae: Porifera), from a Caribbean mangrove and comments on subgeneric classification Eduardo Hajdu and Klaus Riitzler (EH) Institute of Systematics and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94766 1090-GT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Present address: Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, sin 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ; and Centro de Biologia Matinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Sp' Brazil; (KR) Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. Abstract.-Eight species of Mycale Gray (Mycalidae, Poecilosclerida, De mospongiae) are described from marine mangroves on the barrier reef of Be lize, Central American Caribbean. Two are new: Mycale (Aegogropila?) car migropila and M. (Ae.) citrina. Other species found are M. (Ae.) amdti, M. (Arenochalina) laxissima, M. (Carmia) magnirhaphidijera, M. (C.) microsig matosa, M. (Mycale) laevis and M. (Paresperella) sp. A key to the 17 recog nized Caribbean species of Mycale is provided. Ectosomal skeletal patterns currently used as diagnostic characters for subgenera of Mycale may be inad equate for phylogenetic analysis, but reliable alternative congruent traits have not yet been identified to replace these. More than 150 species of Mycale Gray have strengthened the need for a better as have been described worldwide (Doumenc sessment of the genus' biodiversity, for a & Levi 1987), with representatives in most stable system of classification, and for bet marine habitats. They are common in both ter descriptions to differentiate between al polar and tropical seas, and have been re lopatric sibling species. -
The Influence of Ocean Warming on the Provision of Biogenic Habitat by Kelp Species
University of Southampton Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Sciences The influence of ocean warming on the provision of biogenic habitat by kelp species by Harry Andrew Teagle (BSc Hons, MRes) A thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Southampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2018 Primary Supervisor: Dr Dan A. Smale (Marine Biological Association of the UK) Secondary Supervisors: Professor Stephen J. Hawkins (Marine Biological Association of the UK, University of Southampton), Dr Pippa Moore (Aberystwyth University) i UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Ocean and Earth Sciences Doctor of Philosophy THE INFLUENCE OF OCEAN WARMING ON THE PROVISION OF BIOGENIC HABITAT BY KELP SPECIES by Harry Andrew Teagle Kelp forests represent some of the most productive and diverse habitats on Earth, and play a critical role in structuring nearshore temperate and subpolar environments. They have an important role in nutrient cycling, energy capture and transfer, and offer biogenic coastal defence. Kelps also provide extensive substrata for colonising organisms, ameliorate conditions for understorey assemblages, and generate three-dimensional habitat structure for a vast array of marine plants and animals, including a number of ecologically and commercially important species. This thesis aimed to describe the role of temperature on the functioning of kelp forests as biogenic habitat formers, predominantly via the substitution of cold water kelp species by warm water kelp species, or through the reduction in density of dominant habitat forming kelp due to predicted increases in seawater temperature. The work comprised three main components; (1) a broad scale study into the environmental drivers (including sea water temperature) of variability in holdfast assemblages of the dominant habitat forming kelp in the UK, Laminaria hyperborea, (2) a comparison of the warm water kelp Laminaria ochroleuca and the cold water kelp L. -
New Species of the Genus Mycale from Ieodo Ocean Research Station, Korea
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. Vol. 35, No. 4: 200-203, October 2019 https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2019.35.4.027 Short communication New Species of the Genus Mycale from Ieodo Ocean Research Station, Korea Dong Won Kang, Sang-Hui Lee, Hyung June Kim* National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Korea ABSTRACT A new marine sponges, Mycale (Carmia) ieoensis n. sp., of the family Mycalidae was collected SCUBA diving in June 2017 from Ieodo Ocean Research Station, Korea. M. (C.) ieoensis n. sp. is encrusting to irregular massive type, yellow in life. This new species is similar to M. nullarosette Hoshino, 1981 in color and growth form but it differs in spicule size and sigma shape. Spicule size of M. (C.) ieoensis n. sp. smaller than that M. nullarosette. Also, M. (C.) ieoensis n. sp. has two size toxa, but M. nullarosette is not. The new species are compared to other Mycale species from the Korean region, and similar species from elsewhere. Keywords: new sponge, Mycalidae, Mycale, Korea INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The family Mycalidae Lundbeck, 1905 (Demosongiae: Poe- The sponges were collected from Ieodo Ocean Research Sta- cilosclerida) is restricted to taxa with the combination of tion (Fig. 1), Korea by SCUBA diving at 20-25 m deep at palmate anisochelae and tangential surface skeleton. Mycale June 2017. Specimens were fixed in 95% or 99.9% ethanol. species occur in all sea regions of the globe, in most habitats Spicules were observed under light microscope (Axioskop II, and in a considerable depth range from intertidal to abyssal Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany). -
Scs18-23 WG-ESA Report 2018
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization Serial No N6900 NAFO SCS Doc. 18/23 SC WORKING GROUP ON ECOSYSTEM SCIENCE AND ASSESSMENT – NOVEMBER 2018 Report of the 11th Meeting of the NAFO Scientific Council Working Group on Ecosystem Science and Assessment (WG-ESA) NAFO Headquarters, Dartmouth, Canada 13 - 22 November 2018 Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Theme 1: spatial considerations................................................................................................................................................................4 1.1. Update on VME indicator species data and distribution .............................................................................4 1.2 Progress on implementation of workplan for reassessment of VME fishery closures. .................9 1.3. Discussion on updating Kernel Density Analysis and SDM’s .....................................................................9 1.4. Update on the Research Activities related to EU-funded Horizon 2020 ATLAS Project ...............9 1.5. Non-sponge and non-coral VMEs (e.g. bryozoan and sea squirts). ..................................................... 14 1.6 Ecological diversity mapping and interactions with fishing on the Flemish Cap .......................... 14 1.7 Sponge removal by bottom trawling in the Flemish Cap area: implications for ecosystem functioning ................................................................................................................................................................... -
Computational Investigation of Marine Bioactive Compounds Against E6 Oncoprotein of Human Papilloma Virus-HPV16
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 8(04), pp 023-032, April, 2018 Available online at http://www.japsonline.com DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2018.8404 ISSN 2231-3354 Computational investigation of marine bioactive compounds against E6 oncoprotein of Human Papilloma Virus-HPV16 Pavithra Dhamodharan, Nirmaladevi Ponnusamy, Rajasree Odumpatta, Sajitha Lulu, Mohanapriya Arumugam* Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Objective: Cervical cancer is the most leading cause of mortality and morbidity in women. Most of these are caused Received on: 31/08/2017 by human papilloma virus (HPV) which are sexually transmitted. Among 200 HPV types, high-risk HPV16 persists Accepted on: 13/03/2018 in humans and results in precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. The viral E6 oncoprotein which is necessary Available online: 29/04/2018 for malignant conversion of HPV 16 is used as the potential target for the inhibition of HPV infection. The present study aims to investigate the inhibitory activities of the seventy-four bioactive compounds from different marine organisms against the viral E6 oncoprotein of HPV16 using computational techniques. Methods: Virtual screening Key words: technique has been applied to identify the potent bioactive compounds against E6 oncoprotein of HPV16 using Cervical cancer, E6 Molinspiration and is subjected to drug-likeliness assessment using the Molsoft server. Molecular docking was oncoprotein, Marine sponges, carried out for E6 protein (4XR8) with selected hits obtained from virtual screening method and their binding energies Bioactive compounds, were determined. Further Molecular Dynamic Simulation (MDS) studies of the obtained protein-bioactive inhibitor Molecular Docking, complex were performed to analyze the stability and conformation. -
(Arenochalina), Biemna and Clathria
marine drugs Review Chemistry and Biological Activities of the Marine Sponges of the Genera Mycale (Arenochalina), Biemna and Clathria Amr El-Demerdash 1,2,* ID , Mohamed A. Tammam 3,4, Atanas G. Atanasov 5,6 ID , John N. A. Hooper 7 ID , Ali Al-Mourabit 8 and Anake Kijjoa 9,* ID 1 Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Sorbonne Universités, UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN, CP 54, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France 2 Organic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt 3 Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece; [email protected] 4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, 63514 Fayoum, Egypt 5 Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] 6 Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland 7 Queensland Museum, Biodiversity & Geosciences Program, P.O. Box 3300, South Brisbane BC, Queensland 4101, Australia; [email protected] 8 ICSN—Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, University of Paris-Saclay, 1, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France; [email protected] 9 ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar & CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal *