Annual Review 2011/12
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Annual Report to Industry Canada Covering The
Annual Report to Industry Canada Covering the Objectives, Activities and Finances for the period August 1, 2008 to July 31, 2009 and Statement of Objectives for Next Year and the Future Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline Street North Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5 Table of Contents Pages Period A. August 1, 2008 to July 31, 2009 Objectives, Activities and Finances 2-52 Statement of Objectives, Introduction Objectives 1-12 with Related Activities and Achievements Financial Statements, Expenditures, Criteria and Investment Strategy Period B. August 1, 2009 and Beyond Statement of Objectives for Next Year and Future 53-54 1 Statement of Objectives Introduction In 2008-9, the Institute achieved many important objectives of its mandate, which is to advance pure research in specific areas of theoretical physics, and to provide high quality outreach programs that educate and inspire the Canadian public, particularly young people, about the importance of basic research, discovery and innovation. Full details are provided in the body of the report below, but it is worth highlighting several major milestones. These include: In October 2008, Prof. Neil Turok officially became Director of Perimeter Institute. Dr. Turok brings outstanding credentials both as a scientist and as a visionary leader, with the ability and ambition to position PI among the best theoretical physics research institutes in the world. Throughout the last year, Perimeter Institute‘s growing reputation and targeted recruitment activities led to an increased number of scientific visitors, and rapid growth of its research community. Chart 1. Growth of PI scientific staff and associated researchers since inception, 2001-2009. -
Geometric Algebra and Covariant Methods in Physics and Cosmology
GEOMETRIC ALGEBRA AND COVARIANT METHODS IN PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY Antony M Lewis Queens' College and Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Cambridge. September 2000 Updated 2005 with typo corrections Preface This dissertation is the result of work carried out in the Astrophysics Group of the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, between October 1997 and September 2000. Except where explicit reference is made to the work of others, the work contained in this dissertation is my own, and is not the outcome of work done in collaboration. No part of this dissertation has been submitted for a degree, diploma or other quali¯cation at this or any other university. The total length of this dissertation does not exceed sixty thousand words. Antony Lewis September, 2000 iii Acknowledgements It is a pleasure to thank all those people who have helped me out during the last three years. I owe a great debt to Anthony Challinor and Chris Doran who provided a great deal of help and advice on both general and technical aspects of my work. I thank my supervisor Anthony Lasenby who provided much inspiration, guidance and encouragement without which most of this work would never have happened. I thank Sarah Bridle for organizing the useful lunchtime CMB discussion group from which I learnt a great deal, and the other members of the Cavendish Astrophysics Group for interesting discussions, in particular Pia Mukherjee, Carl Dolby, Will Grainger and Mike Hobson. I gratefully acknowledge ¯nancial support from PPARC. v Contents Preface iii Acknowledgements v 1 Introduction 1 2 Geometric Algebra 5 2.1 De¯nitions and basic properties . -
Optimising Cosmic Shear Surveys to Measure Modifications to Gravity on Cosmic Scales
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1–13 (2009) Printed 11 November 2019 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) Optimising cosmic shear surveys to measure modifications to gravity on cosmic scales Donnacha Kirk1,Istvan Laszlo2, Sarah Bridle1, Rachel Bean2 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK 2Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA 11 November 2019 ABSTRACT We consider how upcoming photometric large scale structure surveys can be opti- mized to measure the properties of dark energy and possible cosmic scale modifications to General Relativity in light of realistic astrophysical and instrumental systematic uncertainities. In particular we include flexible descriptions of intrinsic alignments, galaxy bias and photometric redshift uncertainties in a Fisher Matrix analysis of shear, position and position-shear correlations, including complementary cosmolog- ical constraints from the CMB. We study the impact of survey tradeoffs in depth versus breadth, and redshift quality. We parameterise the results in terms of the Dark Energy Task Force figure of merit, and deviations from General Relativity through an analagous Modified Gravity figure of merit. We find that intrinsic alignments weaken the dependence of figure of merit on area and that, for a fixed observing time, halving the area of a Stage IV reduces the figure of merit by 20% when IAs are not included and by only 10% when IAs are included. While reducing photometric redshift scatter improves constraining power, the dependence is shallow. The variation in constrain- ing power is stronger once IAs are included and is slightly more pronounced for MG constraints than for DE. -
Understanding Cosmic Acceleration: Connecting Theory and Observation
Understanding Cosmic Acceleration V(!) ! E Hivon Hiranya Peiris Hubble Fellow/ Enrico Fermi Fellow University of Chicago #OMPOSITIONOFAND+ECosmic HistoryY%VENTS$ UR/ INGTHE%CosmicVOLUTIONOFTHE5 MysteryNIVERSE presentpresent energy energy Y density "7totTOT = 1(k=0)K density DAR RADIATION KENER dark energy YDENSIT DARK G (73%) DARKMATTER Y G ENERGY dark matter DARK MA(23.6%)TTER TIONOFENER WHITEWELLUNDERSTOOD DARKNESSPROPORTIONALTOPOORUNDERSTANDING BARYONS BARbaryonsYONS AC (4.4%) FR !42 !33 !22 !16 !12 Fractional Energy Density 10 s 10 s 10 s 10 s 10 s 1 sec 380 kyr 14 Gyr ~1015 GeV SCALEFACTimeTOR ~1 MeV ~0.2 MeV 4IME TS TS TS TS TS TSEC TKYR T'YR Y Y Planck GUT Y T=100 TeV nucleosynthesis Y IES TION TS EOUT DIAL ORS TIONS G TION TION Z T Energy THESIS symmetry (ILC XA 100) MA EN EE WNOF ESTHESIS V IMOR GENERATEOBSERVABLE IT OR ELER ALTHEOR TIONS EF SIGNATURESINTHE#-" EAKSYMMETR EIONIZA INOFR Y% OMBINA R E6 EAKDO #X ONASYMMETR SIC W '54SYMMETR IMELINEOF EFFWR Y Y EC TUR O NUCLEOSYN ), * +E R 4 PLANCKENER Generation BR TR TURBA UC PH Cosmic Microwave NEUTR OUSTICOSCILLA BAR TIONOFPR ER A AC STR of primordial ELEC non-linear growth of P 44 LIMITOFACC Background Emitted perturbations perturbations: GENER ES carries signature of signature on CMB TUR GENERATIONOFGRAVITYWAVES INITIALDENSITYPERTURBATIONS acoustic#-"%MITT oscillationsED NON LINEARSTR andUCTUR EIMPARTS #!0-!0OBSERVES#-" ANDINITIALDENSITYPERTURBATIONS GROWIMPARTINGFLUCTUATIONS CARIESSIGNATUREOFACOUSTIC SIGNATUREON#-"THROUGH *throughEFFWRITESUPANDGR weakADUATES WHICHSEEDSTRUCTUREFORMATION -
Keiichi Umetsu — CURRICULUM VITAE (Updated on July 8, 2021)
Keiichi Umetsu —CURRICULUM VITAE (Updated on September 8, 2021) Contact and Personal Information Work Address: Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica (ASIAA), 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, National Taiwan University (NTU), No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Email: [email protected] Web: http://idv.sinica.edu.tw/keiichi/index.php ORCID: 0000-0002-7196-4822 WOS ResearcherID: AAZ-7589-2020 Academic Appointments Full Research Fellow [rank equivalent to Full Professor], ASIAA (01/2014 – present) Kavli Visiting Scholar, Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, China (2016) Associate Research Fellow [tenured], ASIAA (01/2010 – 12/2013) Adjunct Research Fellow, Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, NTU (01/2008 – 12/2012) Assistant Research Fellow [tenure track], ASIAA (06/2006 – 12/2009) Science Lead for the Yuan Tseh Lee Array: AMiBA, Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA (08/2005 – 07/2011) Faculty Staff Scientist, ASIAA (07/2005 – 05/2006) Postdoctoral Research Fellow, ASIAA (06/2001 – 06/2005) Education Ph.D. in Astronomy, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1998 – 03/2001) M.Sc. in Astronomy, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1996 – 03/1998) B.Sc. in Physics, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1992 – 03/1996) Publication Summary According to the NASA Astrophysics Data System, I have • 181 research papers published or in press in peer-reviewed journals, with a total h-index of 53 • 21 lead (first or corresponding*) author publications with a total of over 1400 citations • Lead author publications: 1 paper cited at least 200 times (Umetsu* et al. 2014), 6 cited at least 100 times and +1 cited 99 times (Umetsu* et al. -
Efeitos Da Modelagem Da PSF Em Estimativas Cosmológicas Usando
Universidade Estadual de Campinas Instituto de F´ısica \Gleb Wataghin" Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina Efeitos da modelagem da PSF em estimativas cosmologicas´ usando lentes gravitacionais fracas Effects of PSF modeling in cosmological estimates using weak gravitational lensing Campinas 2020 Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina Effects of PSF modeling in cosmological estimates using weak gravitational lensing Efeitos da modelagem da PSF em estimativas cosmologicas´ usando lentes gravitacionais fracas Dissertation presented to the \Gleb Wataghin" Physics Institute of the University of Campinas in partial ful- fillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Physics, in the area of physics. Disserta¸c~aoapresentada ao Instituto de F´ısica \Gleb Wataghin"da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obten¸c~ao do t´ıtulo de Mestre em F´ısica, na ´area de F´ısica. Supervisor/Orientadora: Prof. Dr. Fl´avia Sobreira Este exemplar corresponde a` versao~ final da disserta¸cao~ defendida pelo aluno Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina, e orientado pela Prof. Dra. Flavia´ Sobreira. Campinas 2019 Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin Lucimeire de Oliveira Silva da Rocha - CRB 8/9174 Navarro Alsina, Andres Alejandro, 1993- N228e NavEffects of PSF modeling in cosmological estimates using weak gravitational lensing / Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2019. NavOrientador: Flávia Sobreira. NavDissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual -
Annual Review 2009/10
UCL DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY Annual Review 2009–10 Contents Introduction 1 Student Highlights and News 2 Careers 6 Staff Highlights and News 8 Outreach Work 14 The International Year of Astronomy 16 High Energy Physics (HEP) 19 Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Position Physics (AMOPP) 22 Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (CMMP) 24 Astrophysics (Astro) 26 Biological Physics 28 Grants and Contracts 29 Publications 32 Staff 40 Cover image: ‘Castor in Bloom’ by Dr Stephen Fossey This image is a composite of digital photographs taken of the bright star Castor during testing of a new CCD camera on the Radcliffe telescope at UCL’s observatory in Mill Hill (ULO). The telescope has a 24-inch lens to focus the light, and like all such instruments brings light of different colours to a focus at slightly different distances from the lens. The best-focus position for each colour is determined by placing a mask with a circular pattern of holes over the lens, and images through red, green, and blue filters are taken at several focus positions; the mask produces separate images of the star in each out-of-focus colour, with the colour in best focus being more concentrated towards the central spot. Hence, each ‘petal’ of the `flower’ is Castor’s spectral image, dispersed by the telescope lens. PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY ANNUAL REVIEW 2009–10 1 Introduction At the same time the reviews highlighted Although my comments above suggest a number of areas in which we could that the Department continues to do better. In particular, the panel gave thrive, it is hard not to look at the future us helpful advice on how to improve without considerable concern. -
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Understanding the Distribution Of
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Department of Physics & Astronomy Understanding the distribution of gas in the Universe Teresita Suarez´ Noguez Thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Supervisors: Examiners: Dr Andrew Pontzen Prof. Richard Ellis Prof. Hiranya V. Peiris Dr James Bolton January 25, 2018 Declaration I, Teresita Suarez´ Noguez , declare that the thesis entitled Understanding the distribution of gas in the Universe and the work presented in the thesis are both my own, and have been generated by me as the result of my own original research. I confirm the thesis is based on work done by myself jointly with others, I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself. This work has not been submitted for any other degree at UCL or any other University. London, January 25, 2018 Teresita Suarez´ Noguez Understanding the distribution of gas in the Universe Teresita Suarez´ Noguez Abstract The distribution of gas in the Universe can be observed in absorption in the spectra of quasars. However, interpreting the spectra requires comparison to physical models which map the distribution, temperatures and ionisation states of the gas. First, I focused on understanding the presence of outflowing cold gas around galaxies. I performed numerical simulations to study how outflows, launched from a central galaxy undergoing starbursts, affect the circumgalactic medium. I model an outflow as a rapidly moving bubble of gas above the disk and analyse its evolution. I sampled a distribution of parameters with a grid of two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations –with and without– radiative cooling, assuming primordial gas composition. -
Great10) Challenge Handbook
Submitted to the Annals of Applied Statistics GRAVITATIONAL LENSING ACCURACY TESTING 2010 (GREAT10) CHALLENGE HANDBOOK BY THOMAS KITCHING1∗,ADAM AMARA2,MANDEEP GILL3,STEFAN HARMELING4,CATHERINE HEYMANS1,RICHARD MASSEY1,BARNABY ROWE5,TIM SCHRABBACK6,LISA VOIGT7,SREEKUMAR BALAN7,GARY BERNSTEIN9,MATTHIAS BETHGE4;10,SARAH BRIDLE7,FREDERIC COURBIN11,MARC GENTILE11,ALAN HEAVENS1,MICHAEL HIRSCH4, RESHAD HOSSEINI4,ALINA KIESSLING1,DONNACHA KIRK7,KONRAD KUIJKEN6,RACHEL MANDELBAUM12,BABACK MOGHADDAM5,GULDARIYA NURBAEVA11,STEPHANE PAULIN-HENRIKSSON13,ANAIS RASSAT13,JASON RHODES5,BERNHARD SCHOLKOPF¨ 4,JOHN SHAWE-TAYLOR7,MARINA SHMAKOVA3,ANDY TAYLOR1,MALIN VELANDER6,LUDOVIC VAN WAERBEKE14,DUGAN WITHERICK7,DAVID WITTMAN 15 1Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh; 2ETH, Zurich; 3Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford; 4Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, University Tubingen;¨ 5Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA; 6Leiden Observatory, Leiden University; 7University College London; 8Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge; 9Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania; 10Institute for Theoretical Physics, University Tubingen;¨ 11Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL); 12Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University; 13CEA-Saclay, Service dAstrophysique, Paris; 14Univeristy of British Columbia, Vancouver; 15University of California, Davis; arXiv:1009.0779v1 [astro-ph.CO] 3 Sep 2010 1 2 KITCHING -
The Practical Use of Cosmic Shear As a Probe of Gravity
The Practical use of Cosmic Shear as a Probe of Gravity Donnacha Kirk Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University College London Department of Physics & Astronomy UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON April 2011 I, Donnacha Kirk, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Specifically: • The work on luminosity functions and red galaxy fractions in section 2.7 was done by Dr. Michael Schneider (then at Durham) as part of our collaboration on the paper Kirk et al. (2010). • The work in chapters 3 & 4 is my contribution to, and will form the substantial part of, papers in preparation with collaborators Prof. Rachel Bean and Istvan Lazslo at Cornell University. The MG effect on the linear growth function was computed by Istvan Lazslo. • The Great08 section of chapter 6 draws on my contributions to the Great08 Handbook (Bridle et al. 2009), Great08 Results Paper (Bridle et al. 2010a) and Great10 Handbook (Kitching et al. 2010). To Mum and Dad, for everything. Boyle. ... an’ it blowed, an’ blowed – blew is the right word, Joxer, but blowed is what the sailors use... Joxer. Aw, it’s a darlin’ word, a daarlin’ word. Boyle. An’, as it blowed an’ blowed, I often looked up at the sky an’ assed meself the question – what is the stars, what is the stars? Voice of Coal Vendor. Any blocks, coal-blocks; blocks, coal-blocks! Joxer. Ah, that’s the question, that’s the question – what is the stars? Boyle. -
Sum of the Masses of the Milky Way and M31: a Likelihood-Free Inference Approach Pablo Lemos, Niall Jeffrey, Lorne Whiteway, Ofer Lahav, Noam I
Sum of the masses of the Milky Way and M31: A likelihood-free inference approach Pablo Lemos, Niall Jeffrey, Lorne Whiteway, Ofer Lahav, Noam I. Libeskind, Yehuda Hoffman To cite this version: Pablo Lemos, Niall Jeffrey, Lorne Whiteway, Ofer Lahav, Noam I. Libeskind, et al.. Sum ofthe masses of the Milky Way and M31: A likelihood-free inference approach. Phys.Rev.D, 2021, 103 (2), pp.023009. 10.1103/PhysRevD.103.023009. hal-02999468 HAL Id: hal-02999468 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02999468 Submitted on 26 Apr 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. PHYSICAL REVIEW D 103, 023009 (2021) Sum of the masses of the Milky Way and M31: A likelihood-free inference approach Pablo Lemos ,1,* Niall Jeffrey ,2,1 Lorne Whiteway ,1 Ofer Lahav,1 Noam Libeskind I,3,4 and Yehuda Hoffman5 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom 2Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole Normale Sup´erieure, ENS, Universit´e PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit´e, Universit´e de Paris, Paris, France 3Leibniz-Institut -
List of Participants
COSMO 2014 August 25-29, 2014 International Conference on Particle Physics and Cosmology, 2014 Chicago, IL http://cosmo2014.uchicago.edu/ LIST OF PARTICIPANTS http://kicp.uchicago.edu/ http://www.nsf.gov/ http://www.kavlifoundation.org/ http://www.uchicago.edu/ The 18th annual International Conference on Particle Physics and Cosmology (COSMO 2014) will be held in Chicago on August 25 29, 2014. The meeting is being hosted by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics (KICP) at the University of Chicago, and will be held at the University of Chicago's Gleacher Center in downtown Chicago. Plenary Speakers Nima Arkani-Hamed Laura Baudis Stefano Borgani Institute for Advanced Study University of Zurich Astronomical Observatory of Trieste Kiwoon Choi Ryan Foley Wendy Freedman Institute for Basic Science (IBS) University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Carnegie Observatories Daniel Green Catherine Heymans Justin Khoury CITA University of Edinburgh University of Pennsylvania Will Kinney Lloyd Knox John Kovac University at Buffalo, SUNY UC Davis Harvard University Andrei Linde Nikhil Padmanabhan Hiranya Peiris Stanford University Yale University University College London Sarah Shandera Eva Silverstein Tracy Slatyer Pennsylvania State University Stanford University Massachusetts Institute of Technology Mark Trodden Neal Weiner University of Pennsylvania New York University International Steering Committee Vernon Barger Daniel Baumann John Beacom University of Wisconsin-Madison Cambridge University Ohio State University David Caldwell Jonathan Ellis