Optimising Cosmic Shear Surveys to Measure Modifications to Gravity on Cosmic Scales
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The WMAP Results and Cosmology
The WMAP results and cosmology Rachel Bean Cornell University SLAC Summer Institute July 19th 2006 Rachel Bean : SSI July 29th 2006 1/44 Plan o Overview o Introduction to CMB temperature and polarization o The maps and spectra o Cosmological implications Rachel Bean : SSI July 29th 2006 2/44 What is WMAP? o Satellite detecting primordial photons “cosmic microwave background” Rachel Bean : SSI July 29th 2006 3/44 Science Team C. Barnes (Princeton) N. Odegard (GSFC) R. Bean (Cornell) L. Page (Princeton) C. Bennett (JHU) D. Spergel (Princeton) O. Dore (CITA) G. Tucker (Brown) M. Halpern (UBC) L. Verde (Penn) R. Hill (GSFC) J. Weiland (GSFC) G. Hinshaw (GSFC) E. Wollack (GSFC) N. Jarosik (Princeton) A. Kogut (GSFC) E. Komatsu (Texas) M. Limon (GSFC) S. Meyer (Chicago) H. Peiris (Chicago) M. Nolta (CITA) Rachel Bean : SSI July 29th 2006 4/44 Plan o Overview o Introduction to CMB temperature and polarization o The maps and spectra o Cosmological implications Rachel Bean : SSI July 29th 2006 5/44 CMB is a near perfect primordial blackbody spectrum Universe expanding and cooling over time… Kinney 1) Optically opaque plasma photons scattering off electrons 3) ‘Free Streaming’ CMB Thermalized (blackbody) photons at 2) The ‘last scattering’ of photons ~6000K diluted and redshifted by ~300,000 years after the Big Bang, universe’s expansion -> ~2.726K neutral atoms form and photons stop background we measure today. interacting with them. Rachel Bean : SSI July 29th 2006 6/44 The oldest fossil from the early universe Recombination CMB Nucleosynthesis Processes during opaque era imprint in CMB fluctuations Inflation and Grand Unification? Quantum Gravity/ Trans-Planckian effects…. -
Geometric Algebra and Covariant Methods in Physics and Cosmology
GEOMETRIC ALGEBRA AND COVARIANT METHODS IN PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY Antony M Lewis Queens' College and Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Cambridge. September 2000 Updated 2005 with typo corrections Preface This dissertation is the result of work carried out in the Astrophysics Group of the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, between October 1997 and September 2000. Except where explicit reference is made to the work of others, the work contained in this dissertation is my own, and is not the outcome of work done in collaboration. No part of this dissertation has been submitted for a degree, diploma or other quali¯cation at this or any other university. The total length of this dissertation does not exceed sixty thousand words. Antony Lewis September, 2000 iii Acknowledgements It is a pleasure to thank all those people who have helped me out during the last three years. I owe a great debt to Anthony Challinor and Chris Doran who provided a great deal of help and advice on both general and technical aspects of my work. I thank my supervisor Anthony Lasenby who provided much inspiration, guidance and encouragement without which most of this work would never have happened. I thank Sarah Bridle for organizing the useful lunchtime CMB discussion group from which I learnt a great deal, and the other members of the Cavendish Astrophysics Group for interesting discussions, in particular Pia Mukherjee, Carl Dolby, Will Grainger and Mike Hobson. I gratefully acknowledge ¯nancial support from PPARC. v Contents Preface iii Acknowledgements v 1 Introduction 1 2 Geometric Algebra 5 2.1 De¯nitions and basic properties . -
Cosmological Tests of General Relativity
Cosmological Tests of General Relativity Rachel Bean (Cornell University) Rachel Bean, Tes-ng Gravity, Vancouver, January 2015 The challenge: to connect theory to observation 2 • While GR is a remarkably beautiful, and comparatively Category Theory References Scalar-Tensor theory [21, 22] minimal metric theory, it is not (incl. Brans-Dicke) the only one. We should test it! f(R)gravity [23, 24] f(G)theories [25–27] • Rich and complex theory Covariant Galileons [28–30] Horndeski Theories The Fab Four [31–34] space of cosmological K-inflation and K-essence [35, 36] relevant modifications to GR Generalized G-inflation [37, 38] Kinetic Gravity Braiding [39, 40] Quintessence (incl. • Motivated by cosmic [41–44] universally coupled models) acceleration, but implications Effective dark fluid [45] from horizon to solar system Einstein-Aether theory [46–49] Lorentz-Violating theories scales Ho˘rava-Lifschitz theory [50, 51] DGP (4D effective theory) [52, 53] > 2newdegreesoffreedom EBI gravity [54–58] Aim: look for and confidently TeVeS [59–61] extract out signatures from Baker et al 2011 TABLE I: A non-exhaustive list of theories that are suitable for PPF parameterization. We will not treat all of these explicitly cosmological observations? 2 µν µνρσ in the present paper. G = R − 4Rµν R + RµνρσR is the Gauss-Bonnet term. Rachel Bean, Tes-ng Gravity, Vancouver, January 2015 derlying our formalism are stated in Table II. PPN and formalism. PPF are highly complementary in their coverage of dif- ferent accessible gravitational regimes. PPN is restricted ii) A reader with a particular interest in one of the ex- to weak-field regimes on scales sufficiently small that lin- ample theories listed in Table I may wish to addition- ally read II B-II D to understand how the mapping ear perturbation theory about the Minkowski metric is § an accurate description of the spacetime. -
Keiichi Umetsu — CURRICULUM VITAE (Updated on July 8, 2021)
Keiichi Umetsu —CURRICULUM VITAE (Updated on September 8, 2021) Contact and Personal Information Work Address: Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica (ASIAA), 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building, National Taiwan University (NTU), No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan Email: [email protected] Web: http://idv.sinica.edu.tw/keiichi/index.php ORCID: 0000-0002-7196-4822 WOS ResearcherID: AAZ-7589-2020 Academic Appointments Full Research Fellow [rank equivalent to Full Professor], ASIAA (01/2014 – present) Kavli Visiting Scholar, Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University, China (2016) Associate Research Fellow [tenured], ASIAA (01/2010 – 12/2013) Adjunct Research Fellow, Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics, NTU (01/2008 – 12/2012) Assistant Research Fellow [tenure track], ASIAA (06/2006 – 12/2009) Science Lead for the Yuan Tseh Lee Array: AMiBA, Mauna Loa, Hawaii, USA (08/2005 – 07/2011) Faculty Staff Scientist, ASIAA (07/2005 – 05/2006) Postdoctoral Research Fellow, ASIAA (06/2001 – 06/2005) Education Ph.D. in Astronomy, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1998 – 03/2001) M.Sc. in Astronomy, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1996 – 03/1998) B.Sc. in Physics, Tohoku University, Japan (04/1992 – 03/1996) Publication Summary According to the NASA Astrophysics Data System, I have • 181 research papers published or in press in peer-reviewed journals, with a total h-index of 53 • 21 lead (first or corresponding*) author publications with a total of over 1400 citations • Lead author publications: 1 paper cited at least 200 times (Umetsu* et al. 2014), 6 cited at least 100 times and +1 cited 99 times (Umetsu* et al. -
Annual Review 2011/12
UCL DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY 2011–12 ANNUAL REVIEW PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY ANNUAL REVIEW 2011–12 Contents Welcome It is an honour to write this WELCOME 1 introduction standing, to misquote Newton, on the shoulders of giants. COMMUNITY FOCUS 3 Jonathan Tennyson finished his Teaching Lowdown 4 tenure as Head of Department in September 2011 and so the majority Student Accolades 4 of the material contained in this Outstanding PhD Theses Published 5 Review records achievements under his leadership. In addition, Tony Career Profiles 6 Harker is currently acting as Head of Science in Action 8 Department in many matters and will continue to do so until October 2012. Alumni Matters 9 This is due to my on-going commitments with the ATLAS experiment on the ACADEMIC SHOWCASE 11 Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Staff Accolades 12 I currently spend a large amount of my time in Geneva and I am very grateful Academic Appointments 14 to both Tony and Jonathan, as well as to other members of staff for helping Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 15 to make this transition a success. In Portrait of Dr Phil Jones 16 particular I would also like to thank Hilary Wigmore as Departmental Manager and Raman Prinja as the new Director of RESEARCH SPOTLIGHT 17 Teaching for their continued support. Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Position Physics (AMOPP) 19 High Energy Physics (HEP) 21 “Success in such long- Condensed Matter and term, high-impact projects Materials Physics (CMMP) 25 requires sustained vision Astrophysics (Astro) 29 and dedicated work by Biological Physics (BioP) 33 excellent scientists over Research Statistics 35 many years.” Staff Snapshot 38 Underpinning this success is the outstanding quality of scientific research and education within the Department. -
Efeitos Da Modelagem Da PSF Em Estimativas Cosmológicas Usando
Universidade Estadual de Campinas Instituto de F´ısica \Gleb Wataghin" Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina Efeitos da modelagem da PSF em estimativas cosmologicas´ usando lentes gravitacionais fracas Effects of PSF modeling in cosmological estimates using weak gravitational lensing Campinas 2020 Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina Effects of PSF modeling in cosmological estimates using weak gravitational lensing Efeitos da modelagem da PSF em estimativas cosmologicas´ usando lentes gravitacionais fracas Dissertation presented to the \Gleb Wataghin" Physics Institute of the University of Campinas in partial ful- fillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Physics, in the area of physics. Disserta¸c~aoapresentada ao Instituto de F´ısica \Gleb Wataghin"da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obten¸c~ao do t´ıtulo de Mestre em F´ısica, na ´area de F´ısica. Supervisor/Orientadora: Prof. Dr. Fl´avia Sobreira Este exemplar corresponde a` versao~ final da disserta¸cao~ defendida pelo aluno Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina, e orientado pela Prof. Dra. Flavia´ Sobreira. Campinas 2019 Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin Lucimeire de Oliveira Silva da Rocha - CRB 8/9174 Navarro Alsina, Andres Alejandro, 1993- N228e NavEffects of PSF modeling in cosmological estimates using weak gravitational lensing / Andres Alejandro Navarro Alsina. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2019. NavOrientador: Flávia Sobreira. NavDissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual -
Annual Review 2009/10
UCL DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY Annual Review 2009–10 Contents Introduction 1 Student Highlights and News 2 Careers 6 Staff Highlights and News 8 Outreach Work 14 The International Year of Astronomy 16 High Energy Physics (HEP) 19 Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Position Physics (AMOPP) 22 Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (CMMP) 24 Astrophysics (Astro) 26 Biological Physics 28 Grants and Contracts 29 Publications 32 Staff 40 Cover image: ‘Castor in Bloom’ by Dr Stephen Fossey This image is a composite of digital photographs taken of the bright star Castor during testing of a new CCD camera on the Radcliffe telescope at UCL’s observatory in Mill Hill (ULO). The telescope has a 24-inch lens to focus the light, and like all such instruments brings light of different colours to a focus at slightly different distances from the lens. The best-focus position for each colour is determined by placing a mask with a circular pattern of holes over the lens, and images through red, green, and blue filters are taken at several focus positions; the mask produces separate images of the star in each out-of-focus colour, with the colour in best focus being more concentrated towards the central spot. Hence, each ‘petal’ of the `flower’ is Castor’s spectral image, dispersed by the telescope lens. PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY ANNUAL REVIEW 2009–10 1 Introduction At the same time the reviews highlighted Although my comments above suggest a number of areas in which we could that the Department continues to do better. In particular, the panel gave thrive, it is hard not to look at the future us helpful advice on how to improve without considerable concern. -
Great10) Challenge Handbook
Submitted to the Annals of Applied Statistics GRAVITATIONAL LENSING ACCURACY TESTING 2010 (GREAT10) CHALLENGE HANDBOOK BY THOMAS KITCHING1∗,ADAM AMARA2,MANDEEP GILL3,STEFAN HARMELING4,CATHERINE HEYMANS1,RICHARD MASSEY1,BARNABY ROWE5,TIM SCHRABBACK6,LISA VOIGT7,SREEKUMAR BALAN7,GARY BERNSTEIN9,MATTHIAS BETHGE4;10,SARAH BRIDLE7,FREDERIC COURBIN11,MARC GENTILE11,ALAN HEAVENS1,MICHAEL HIRSCH4, RESHAD HOSSEINI4,ALINA KIESSLING1,DONNACHA KIRK7,KONRAD KUIJKEN6,RACHEL MANDELBAUM12,BABACK MOGHADDAM5,GULDARIYA NURBAEVA11,STEPHANE PAULIN-HENRIKSSON13,ANAIS RASSAT13,JASON RHODES5,BERNHARD SCHOLKOPF¨ 4,JOHN SHAWE-TAYLOR7,MARINA SHMAKOVA3,ANDY TAYLOR1,MALIN VELANDER6,LUDOVIC VAN WAERBEKE14,DUGAN WITHERICK7,DAVID WITTMAN 15 1Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh; 2ETH, Zurich; 3Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford; 4Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, University Tubingen;¨ 5Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA; 6Leiden Observatory, Leiden University; 7University College London; 8Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge; 9Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania; 10Institute for Theoretical Physics, University Tubingen;¨ 11Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL); 12Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University; 13CEA-Saclay, Service dAstrophysique, Paris; 14Univeristy of British Columbia, Vancouver; 15University of California, Davis; arXiv:1009.0779v1 [astro-ph.CO] 3 Sep 2010 1 2 KITCHING -
The Practical Use of Cosmic Shear As a Probe of Gravity
The Practical use of Cosmic Shear as a Probe of Gravity Donnacha Kirk Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University College London Department of Physics & Astronomy UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON April 2011 I, Donnacha Kirk, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Specifically: • The work on luminosity functions and red galaxy fractions in section 2.7 was done by Dr. Michael Schneider (then at Durham) as part of our collaboration on the paper Kirk et al. (2010). • The work in chapters 3 & 4 is my contribution to, and will form the substantial part of, papers in preparation with collaborators Prof. Rachel Bean and Istvan Lazslo at Cornell University. The MG effect on the linear growth function was computed by Istvan Lazslo. • The Great08 section of chapter 6 draws on my contributions to the Great08 Handbook (Bridle et al. 2009), Great08 Results Paper (Bridle et al. 2010a) and Great10 Handbook (Kitching et al. 2010). To Mum and Dad, for everything. Boyle. ... an’ it blowed, an’ blowed – blew is the right word, Joxer, but blowed is what the sailors use... Joxer. Aw, it’s a darlin’ word, a daarlin’ word. Boyle. An’, as it blowed an’ blowed, I often looked up at the sky an’ assed meself the question – what is the stars, what is the stars? Voice of Coal Vendor. Any blocks, coal-blocks; blocks, coal-blocks! Joxer. Ah, that’s the question, that’s the question – what is the stars? Boyle. -
THEO MURPHY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING on Testing
THEO MURPHY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING ON Testing general relativity with cosmology Monday 28 February – Tuesday 1 March 2011 The Kavli Royal Society International Centre, Chicheley Hall, Buckinghamshire Organised by Professor Pedro Ferreira, Professor Rachel Bean and Professor Andrew Taylor - Programme and abstracts - Speaker biographies The abstracts that follow are provided by the presenters and the Royal Society takes no responsibility for their content. Testing general relativity with cosmology Monday 28 February – Tuesday 1 March 2011 The Kavli Royal Society Centre, Chicheley Hall, Buckinghamshire Organised by Professor Pedro Ferreira, Professor Rachel Bean and Professor Andrew Taylor Day 1 – Monday 28 February 2011 09.15 Welcome by Professor Sir Peter Knight FRS , Principal, The Kavli Royal Society Centre Welcome by Professor Pedro Ferreira , Organiser 09.30 Constraining the cosmic growth history with large scale structure Professor Rachel Bean, Cornell University, USA 10.00 Discussion 10.15 One gravitational potential or two? Forecasts and tests Professor Edmund Bertschinger, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA 10.45 Discussion 11.00 Coffee 11.30 Cosmological tests of gravity Dr Constantinos Skordis, The University of Nottingham, UK 12.00 Discussion 12.15 Testing modified gravity with next generation weak lensing experiments Dr Thomas Kitching, University of Edinburgh, UK 12.45 Discussion 13.00 Lunch 14.00 Model independent tests of cosmic gravity Professor Eric Linder, University of California at Berkeley, USA 14.30 -
The Cosmological Impact of Intrinsic Alignment Model Choice for Cosmic
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1–12 (2009) Printed 15 November 2018 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) The Cosmological Impact of Intrinsic Alignment Model Choice for Cosmic Shear Donnacha Kirk1,2, Anais Rassat3,4, Ole Host1, Sarah Bridle1 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK 2Astrophysics Group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BZ, UK 3LASTRO, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, CH-1290, Versoix, Switzerland 4Laboratoire AIM, UMR CEA-CNRS-Paris 7, Irfu, SEDI-SAP, Service d’Astrophysique, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif s/ Yvette, France 15 November 2018 ABSTRACT We consider the effect of galaxy intrinsic alignments (IAs) on dark energy constraints from weak gravitational lensing. We summarise the latest version of the linear align- ment model of IAs, following the brief note of Hirata & Seljak (2010) and further interpretation in Laszlo et al. (2011). We show the cosmological bias on the dark en- ergy equation of state parameters w0 and wa that would occur if IAs were ignored. We find that w0 and wa are both catastrophically biased, by an absolute value of just greater than unity under the Fisher matrix approximation. This contrasts with a bias several times larger for the earlier IA implementation. Therefore there is no doubt that IAs must be taken into account for future Stage III experiments and beyond. We use a flexible grid of IA and galaxy bias parameters as used in previous work, and investi- gate what would happen if the universe used the latest IA model, but we assumed the earlier version. -
Rpt All Pis W/Juniors by MOA
rpt_All PIs w/Juniors by MOA MOAName PI Name and Science Interest Institution ScienceCollaboration Australia/AAL MOA PI Scientists: 10 Brough, Sarah University of New South Wales Galaxies Galaxy surveys; galaxy clusters; brightest cluster galaxies; intracluster light Davis, Tamara University of Queensland Dark Energy Cosmology; dark energy; large scale structure; weak lensing; supernovae; AGN de Grijs, Richard Macquarie University Stars, Milky Way, and Local Volume Star clusters, Local Group, Magellanic Clouds Driver, Simon University of Western Australia Galaxies Multiwavelength galaxy surveys; galaxy evolution; low surface brightness galaxies Galloway, Duncan Monash University Transients/Variable Stare Gravitational waves; transients Glazebrook, Karl Swinburne University of Technology Dark Energy, Strong Lensing Gravitational lensing; multiwavelength galaxy surveys; galaxy evolution Jerjen, Helmut Australian National University Galaxies Dwarf galaxies, Milky Way satellites, galaxy formation Martell, Sarah University of New South Wales Stars, Milky Way, and Local Volume Chemical tagging; Milky Way; satellites and streams Meurer, Gerhardt University of Western Australia Stars, Milky Way, and Local Volume; Galaxies Nearby galaxies Webster, Rachel University of Melbourne Active Galactic Nuclei; Strong Lensing Gravitational lensing; AGN; quasars Monday, July 29, 2019 Page 1 of 77 MOAName PI Name and Science Interest Institution ScienceCollaboration MOAName Institution Scientist Name Status MentorName Australia/AAL University of New South