Scientific Scientific Affairs

May 16, 2012 16, May Deputy Director Deputy

David David A.Turner State of Department U.S.

Office of Space and Advanced Technology Advanced and Spaceof Office

U.S. Update on GNSS Programs, Programs, GNSSon Update U.S.

Plans, and International Activities Internationaland Plans, & Environmental International and Oceans,of Bureau 2

Overview Status U.S. Space-Based PNT Policy PNT Space-Based U.S. & Augmentation Programs GPS Activities Cooperation International Summary • • • • 3 vices from GPS from vices rformance rformance and and with with GPS compatibility

U.S. National Space Policy Space National U.S. service, provision, and use of GNSS of use and provision, service, Maintain constellation consistent with published pe published with consistentconstellation Maintain specifications interface and standards – –ser tocomplement used be may services PNT Foreign –basis worldwide continuous,ona Available Encourage global Promotetransparency servicein civil provision Enable market access to industry Support international activities to detect and mitigate harmful interference Provide civil GPS services, free of directuser charges interoperability Space-Based PNT Guideline: Maintain leadership in the leadership MaintainGuideline: PNT Space-Based • • • • • 4 4 BOARD BOARD Sponsor: NASA Sponsor: Sponsor: NASA Sponsor: ADVISORY ADVISORY ADVISORY ADVISORY Ad Hoc Ad Ad Hoc Ad Working Groups Working Working Groups Working Transportation Transportation NATIONAL NATIONAL NATIONAL Host: Commerce Host: Host:Commerce WHITE HOUSE HOUSE WHITE Co-Chairs: Defense, Co-Chairs: Co-Chairs: Defense,Co-Chairs: Engineering Forum Forum Engineering Chairs: Defense, Transportation Defense, Chairs: Chairs: Defense, Transportation Defense,Chairs: - - Executive Steering Group Steering Executive Executive Steering Group Steering Executive COORDINATION OFFICE COORDINATION COORDINATION OFFICE COORDINATION FOR SPACE-BASED PNT SPACE-BASED FOR FOR SPACE-BASED PNT SPACE-BASED FOR Co Co EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE

U.S. Space-Based Space-Based U.S. PNT Organization Organization Structure U.S. U.S. Space-Based PNT Organization Structure Chair: State Chair: Chair: State Chair: Working Group Working Working Group Working GPS International InternationalInternational GPS GPS State State NASA Interior Interior Defense Defense Commerce Commerce Agriculture Agriculture Transportation Transportation Homeland Homeland Security Homeland Security Homeland Joint Chiefs ofChiefsStaff ChiefsJoint ofStaff 5

Overview Programs Status Programs U.S. Space-Based Space-Based Policy PNT U.S. Augmentation & GPS Activities Cooperation International Summary • • • • 6 ge Oct 2011 Oct

GPS Constellation Status Constellation GPS

continuously 1993 continuously December since Next GPS IIF Launch planned Sep 2012 Sep planned Launch IIF GPS Next 12 GPS IIR GPS 12 IIR-M GPS 7 IIF GPS 2 14 healthy set 1) (PRN 63 Number Satellite Vehicle signal L5 operational Second covera performance clock GPS enhanced the Increases 10 GPS IIA IIA GPS 10 additionalsatellites status inresidual        

31 space space 31 vehicles currentlyoperational metcommitment performance GPS service Global 3 3 IIF-2 16 GPS Jullaunched on2011 • • • 7

Performance

GPS SPS Signal in Space in Signal SPS GPS

System accuracy exceeds published published standard exceedsSystemaccuracy 8 2024 2024 2024 ––– 2024 Civil Signal (L1C) 32Satellites Block III Block th Navigation Navigation Integrity AJ SpotBeam for SV 1-8 SV Accuracy Increased Earth Increased Power Coverage Design Life 15Year 4 TBD Near-Real-Time Commanding DASS 2014 2014 2014 2014 – 2014 2014 IIF Capabilities “Plus” Capabilities IIF • • • • • • • • Present Present Present --- Present “Plus” Block IIF Block Civil Signal L5 12Satellites rd Increased Increased Design 12 Year Reprogrammable 2010 2010 2010 Nav Processer 2010 - 2010 2010 3 IIR -M Capabilities-M IIR Accuracy Accuracy Requirement Life • • • • 2009 2009 2009 --- 2009 “Plus” Civil Signal L2 8 Satellites 8 Block IIR-M Block nd 2005 2005 2005 2005 - 2005 2005 2 Coverage Earth L5 Demo Flex Anti-Jam Design 7.5 Year (L2C) onM-Code L1/L2 Power Life itary/Civil User Benefits IIA/IIR Capabilities IIA/IIR • • • • • 2004 2004 2004 ) Satellites ) --- 2004 Block IIR Block 1997 1997 1997- 1997 13 ((1212) Satellites 13((1212) Basic GPS Basic

GPS Program Evolution Program GPS 1997 1997 1997 ––– 1997 Satellites Single (L1) Frequency C/A code Navigation code C/A Service Precise (L1 Frequencies & L2) Two P (Y) -Code Navigation Design Life 7.5 Year Block II/IIA Block Provides Initial Navigation Capabilities Initial Navigation Provides 28 Satellites • • • • • • Standard Service Standard 1989 1989 1989 1989 – 1989 1989 • 1985 1985 1985 --- 1985 system Block I Block Demonstration Demonstration 1978 1978 1978 1978 - 1978 1978 L1 (CA) signal Navigation L1 L2 & (P Code) Signal Navigation Design Life Year 5 11(10) Satellites Increasing Space System IncreasingSystem SpaceCapabilities – IncreasingMil • • • 9 24 satellites~2019 24

–Signals Civil New 2016 for transportation safety-of-life transportation for band Service (ARNS) Navigation onIIR- 2009 APR 10 orbit broadcast On filing frequency ITU secured 20(M) – requirements demanding tomeet Designed – Radio Aeronautical protected highly Uses – – capability: Full Third civil signal “L5” signal civil Third satellites ~ satellites 24 24 9 satellites currently L2C currently transmitting satellites 9

GPS Modernization Modernization GPS • Full capability: capability: Full –needs commercial tomeet Designed –ionospheric through accuracy Higher correction –message withoutdata 2005 since Available – Second civil signal “L2C” signal civil Second 10

ignals/ of user applications user of Improved performance challenged in environments tracking compatibility –a navigationrobust across broad More range – – signal Original retained backwardfor Designed with Designed international partners interoperability for civilsignal at Modernized L1 frequency Specification developed in cooperation with industry recently completed Launcheswith GPS III in 2014 satellites24 by ~2021 On Fourth civil signal civil Fourth “L1C” • • • • • Under Trees GPS Modernization –Modernization GPS Signal Civil Fourth Urban Urban Canyons

http://www.gps.gov/systems/gps/modernization/civils 11 4 Ground Ground 4 Stations Earth 2 Operational 2 Centers Control 3 Master 3 Stations 2 Geostationary Geostationary 2 Links Satellite 38 Reference 38 Stations

(WAAS) Architecture (WAAS)

Wide Area Augmentation System Augmentation Area Wide 12 lude tech tech lude – 2028) upport during severe solar during

WAAS Implementation WAAS Begin GPS L5 transition activities transitionGPS L5 Begin Development, toand incmodifications,enhancements Development, refresh andstate operationsmaintenance Steady s 2nd engineeringFAA performed level to Transition activity – – – – – GPStransition L5 Complete – and continuity significantly availability improve Will – users frequency support single continue to Will – maintenance state and operations Steady – Capability LNAV/VNAV/Limited LPV Provided – Alaska CONUS in and availability LPV Improved – Canada to Mexico and coverage WAAS Expanded Phase I: IOC (July 2003) Completed 2003) (July IOC I: Phase –(2003 (FLP)LPV Full II: Phase Completed 2008) –(2009 Performance LPV-200 Full III: Phase 2013) (2014 Operations L5) (L1, Frequency Dual IV: Phase • • • • 13 rk rk to tries

Single coverage over 92% of 92% over coverage Single

Continental United States (CONUS) ; (CONUS) States United Continental double coverage over 65% of CONUS 65% over coverage double

Nationwide Differential GPS Differential Nationwide Minimum shift Keying Keying shift Minimum modulation (MSK) GPS differential Real-time in provided corrections Technical Radio Maritime for Commission SC-104 (RTCM) Services format encryption data No differential Real-time andmobile for corrections applications static Corrections broadcast at at broadcast Corrections using kHz325 and 285 cover cover terrestrial United States to Built international adopted standard 50+in coun Expansion of Expansionof maritimedifferential netwo (DGPS) GPS     • System Specifications: • • 14

Overview Activities Status U.S. Space-Based Space-Based Policy PNT U.S. & Augmentation Programs GPS Cooperation International Summary • • • • 15 Based Based Based Based - - WAAS (3) WAAS –(2) MSAS – (3) EGNOS –(2) GAGAN –(3) SDCM – –(4+3) QZSS – (7) IRNSS Augmentations Satellite Regional Constellations Satellite • • • ) ) GEO GEO 5 5 5 5 + +

Planned GNSS Planned IGSO IGSO 3 3 3 3 + + 27 27 Compass ( Compass GPS (24+) GPS ( Compass – – – (30) GLONASS –(27+3) Galileo – Global Constellations • 16 ls abilitycivilof and U.S. – ability of U.S. and non-U.S.and abilityU.S. of ― ―

GNSS Service Providers Multilateral Multilateral Cooperation

Pursue through Bilateral Bilateral through Pursue and interoperability compatibility compatibility

U.S. Objectives Objectives U.S. in Working with Other – frequency Radio compatibility – separation Spectral between M-code other and signa Achieve Achieve space-based PNT services to be used separately or or separately used be to services PNT space-based individual each withinterfering without together or signal service Ensure Ensure used be to services PNT space-based non-U.S. capabilitiesthan betteruser the provide to together or service one solelyon by relying achieved be would signal Promote fair competition in the global marketplace globalincompetition the fair Promote • • • 17 t ton, D.C. ton, ity and search & & searchand ity C. in Hawaiiin and 11 ks pending ks

Bilateral Cooperation Bilateral Joint Statement issued issued 2004 Joint StatementDec Joint Statement on GPS Cooperation on GPS Cooperation 1998 Joint Statement Joint Statement on GNSS Cooperation Cooperation on GNSS Joint Statement 2007 GPS-Galileo GPS-Galileo Cooperation Agreement signed in 2004 rescue service cooperation service rescue Guam –compatibility/interoperabil GNSS on Groups Working –D. Washington,in 2012 Janin meeting plenary Last –tal civil spaceand coordination compatibility ITU –2011 October U.S., in meeting Last –20 Sep signed cooperate to intent of Reaffirmation –stations monitoring QZSS for agreements Bilateral –Agreemen 2004 the underup set groups working Four –Washingin 2012 June for scheduled meeting Plenary U.S.-Russia U.S.-Russia U.S.-EU June U.S.-Japan U.S.-India • • • • 18 se

) and on on Office on ssues also 中国民用航空局 Academy Academy of Engineering Academy U.S. National and of U.S. Bilateral Cooperation with China immediately Engineering following CSNC 2011 FAA U.S. focused on aviation i following occurred CSNC 2011 the marginsof multilateral international meetings – meeting Bilateral between the CAAC ( – On going discussions with Satellite China Navigati – Successful Workshop on conducted GNSS by the Chine The U.S. is interested in engaging in further bilateralin further in engaging interestedis U.S. The Operator-to-operator coordination under ITU auspices ITU under coordination Operator-to-operator in completed was Beidou/Compass& GPS for 2010 September applications discussions with China on andcivil Chinawith services GNSSdiscussions • • 19 among globalamong , India,, Japan) China integration intointegration andits , EU, Russia,, U.S. ( particularlyindevelopingcountries , use of GNSS GNSS use of

http://www.icgsecretariat.org compatibility and interoperabilitycompatibilityand

International International Committee on Global NavigationSatellite Systems (ICG) infrastructures systems regionaland GNSS GNSSProviders –Nations UnitedStates the Member of Other –organizations/associations International – Encourage –the Promote – Emerged from 3rd UN Conference on the Exploration and Explorationthe on Conference 3rd UN from Emerged July 1999 Space of Outer Uses Peaceful include: Members • • 20

p n n from nt networks was networks was investigate investigate . geodetic and timing references references timing and geodetic Multi-GNSS monitoring Multi-GNSS

ICG-6 Outcomes ICG-6 s been have completed will and be available , including , including definitions calculation and methods international GNSS monitoring and assessment and monitoring GNSS international

ICG-7 will 2012 hosted will be in NovemberChina by ICG-7 –Experime Multi-GNSS IGS the endorsed Committee The – collectively to will formed beWG-A of Subgroup A on the ICG website ICG the on Templates describing describing Templates the a major discussion topic of a system all for The Compatibility Compatibility with The participatio sub-group WG-A,of The development development The of interested providers, all system will initiate discussions and Service performance Open GNSS on collaboration parameters Worksho (IDM) Mitigation Detection and Interference approved was Committee by the • • • • 21

Overview Status U.S. Space-Based Space-Based Policy PNT U.S. & Augmentation Programs GPS Activities Cooperation International Summary • • • • 22 http://www.gps.gov/

Summary and with GPS inofpursuit Compatible track performance higher International International –ison GPS of Modernization – even enable Augmentations to The U.S. is U.S. committed The cooperation cooperation systems systems GPS performance is is performance GPS will andthan everbetter to continue improve policyencouragesU.S. civil of worldwide use augmentations and GPS Interoperable • • • Deputy Deputy Director David David Turner A. 202.663.2397 (office) 202.663.2397 [email protected] 202.320.1972 (mobile) 202.320.1972 THANK YOU! Department U.S. of State Washington, D.C. 20520 OES/SAT, SA-23, Suite Suite SA-23,410 OES/SAT,

Space and Advanced Technology

http://www.state.gov/e/oes/sat/