JOURNAL the Association of Jewish Refugees
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VOLUME 19 NO.12 DECEMBER 2019 JOURNAL The Association of Jewish Refugees What to CHANUKAH GREETINGS Last month was a very busy time for Leave Behind the AJR, with events remembering Kristallnacht, Refugee Voices and our Northern volunteers all in addition When Esther Saraga’s mother died, she left behind boxes and to our normal packed Outreach programme of regional events. You’ll envelopes full of papers and photographs. “They were in sideboards find details of these and other events in this Journal. and cupboards,” writes Esther, “in the loft and in the garage. Some were simply stuffed at the back of drawers.” We are also proud to report on some of the educational projects that we are currently funding, on page 13. © FREUD MUSEUM LONDON 2019 has been a turbulent year for many different people, in many different ways. As it draws to a close we wish you a happy Chanukah and holiday season Refugee Voices Archive ................................ 3 Atomic Spy Klaus Fuchs ............................... 4 Letter from Israel. ......................................... 5 Letters to the Editor ...................................6-7 Art Notes...................................................... 8 European Views ........................................... 9 Every life tells a story .................................. 10 A trip to Vojvodina ..................................... 11 Holocaust education update..................12-13 Around the AJR .....................................14-15 Reviews .................................................16-17 Conservator Poppy Singer working on Sigmund Freud’s couch in 2013. The couch Looking for................................................. 18 Obituaries .................................................. 19 was among the treasured possessions that Freud brought from Vienna and still has Invitation to debate the Zeitgeist ................ 20 pride of place in the Hampstead museum that was his former home. Please note that the views expressed These papers provided the basis for Nietzsche, Hegel et al.” In addition, throughout this publication are not Esther’s family memoir, Berlin to London, there were books of Roman and Jewish necessarily the views of the AJR. which tells the story of how her Jewish history, novels by Thomas and Heinrich parents, Lotte and Wolja, left Berlin and Mann, works by Freud and Jung. AJR Team came to Britain in 1938 (and which is Chief Executive Michael Newman reviewed on page 16 of this Journal). Esther quotes a powerful passage from Finance Director David Kaye Irène Némirovsky’s All Our Worldly Heads of Department Community & Volunteer Services Carol Hart One of the best chapters of the book is Goods. It describes how French villagers HR & Administration Karen Markham about how Lotte and Wolja desperately flee from the invading German army in Educational Grants & Projects Alex Maws tried to get their possessions out of 1914. Madame Hardelot exclaims: Social Work Nicole Valens Germany. Among the things they left AJR Journal behind were a desk, a couch and a list “Just imagine everything we have to Editor Jo Briggs of books: “All the classics,” wrote Lotte, leave behind, our furniture, our linen, Editorial Assistant Lilian Levy “the Gundolf edition of Shakespeare; our family mementos… I’m just throwing Contributing Editor David Herman Secretarial/Advertisements Karin Pereira very many philosophy books: Kant, Continued on page 2 1 AJR Journal | December 2019 What to Leave Behind Austria for London. He brought more she writes. “In the end there was only than two thousand antiquities to his room for some books and one of Anna’s (cont.) new home in Maresfield Gardens in stuffed toys. Should she choose Pink together what I can at random… I Hampstead. A few months after his Rabbit which had been her companion want to take everything, she said as arrival in England, he wrote, ever since she could remember, or a she picked up a variety of objects and newly acquired woolly dog? It seemed pressed them close to her heart before “All the Egyptians, Chinese and Greeks a pity to leave the dog when she hardly putting them down again: a photo of have arrived, have stood up to the had time to play with it, and Heimpi Pierre as a child, a silver sugar bowl, a journey with very little damage, and look packed it for her. Max took his football.” damask and lace table cloth.” more impressive here than in Berggasse [his apartment in Vienna where he had Anna’s pink rabbit, Max’s football, As I read Lotte’s account of the books lived and worked for almost fifty years].” Hobsbawm’s second-hand bicycle, they had left behind, I thought of my Freud’s couch, Beethoven’s desk, the grandmother’s bookcase in the living Freud also brought his library, papers books belonging to Lotte and Wolja… room in her small flat in north Oxford. and furniture, including the famous These all stand for so much. Memories The bookcase was full of German classics couch. of home, of a childhood, of a life’s work. that she had managed to bring from Precious objects refugees managed to Berlin, also in 1938. Nothing that would In his autobiography, Interesting Times, take with them or had to leave behind. have suggested that she was Jewish. All the historian EJ Hobsbawm, wrote of his her books were German classics, mostly itinerant childhood. Born in Alexandria, The second and third generations in Gothic print. After she died, I kept one he spent his childhood in Vienna and have had to clear their parents’ and book, an old leather-bound edition of then Berlin, before coming to Britain in grandparents’ homes. And we have Goethe’s West-östlicher Divan. 1933. It was a tragic childhood: both had to make choices: what to keep and parents died young, his father from what to dispose of in charity shops and When my mother died in 2015, my sister a heart attack, his mother from lung rubbish dumps. And then one day, our and I discussed what to keep. There was disease. He doesn’t dwell on these years children will look at the little glasses and almost nothing from Germany, just a of loss but the sadness is conveyed by coffee cups, the old copy of Goethe, and few baby photos of her, documents and a few objects. When he thinks about wonder why anyone would ever have photos of her parents and grandparents. the last year of his mother’s life what kept them? My sister kept her jewellery and I kept a he remembers is a birthday present few glasses and coffee cups. They were she gave him, “a very cheap second- David Herman the cups she always served coffee in hand bike,” “its frame was visibly both after dinner parties. A few weeks ago, repainted and bent.” In 1933 he left the poet Elaine Feinstein died. She was Berlin. He returns to the image of the one of the last survivors of those dinner bicycle at the end of the chapter: AJR ANNUAL parties. My father, born in Warsaw, left CHANUKAH PARTY Poland for Belgium then France, before “I still arranged that the old bike with escaping to Britain in 1940. He brought the bent frame, the present from my what he could carry. mother that had caused me so much embarrassed teenage anguish, should In 1935, Stefan Zweig wrote in his diary, be lost when the Hobsbaum [sic] effects “Two suitcases, one of them containing were packed for storage.” clothes, the earthly necessities, and WEDNESDAY 11 DECEMBER 2019 the other manuscripts, the intellectual A few years later, his uncle, cousin and 12pm – 3.30pm wherewithal, and one is at home sister left Britain for Chile. Hobsbawm New North London Synagogue everywhere.” This is not quite true. was left behind, completely alone. He Please join us at our It wasn’t until 1937 that he sold his went back to the now empty home in Annual Chanukah Party beloved house in Salzburg, selling off Edgware. He writes, “[t]he bottle of A welcome by his prized collection of manuscripts, good Tokay, which I had saved from the Rabbi Jonathan Wittenberg books and objects, including Beethoven’s old home, had somehow disappeared and Michael Newman, AJR’s CEO violin. Somehow, however, he managed in my absence. Then I went back to Entertainment by: to get his most prized possession of all, Cambridge.” The loss of the Tokay Judy Karbritz Beethoven’s desk, to London. and the bike somehow stand for all the The Story of Musicals other losses of his childhood, things and and The Velvet Voices duo Zweig’s friend, the writer Josef Roth, people he left behind. They are the most A two-course hot lunch also talked of living out of two suitcases, memorable moments in the book. £10.00 per person payable on the door a large one and a small one. Both men, Places must be booked in advance. constantly on the move, thought of Early in her famous book, When Hitler themselves in terms of what they could Stole Pink Rabbit, Judith Kerr describes Please contact carry. the day her family left “the ever emptier Susan Harrod on [email protected] rooms” in Berlin. “Deciding which or 020 8385 3070 Freud, like his friend Stefan Zweig, left toys to take was the hardest part,” 2 AJR Journal | December 2019 Refugee Voices From L-R: Bea Lewkowitz, Tamara Finkelstein, Kurt Marx, Lord Daniel Finkelstein, Archive Michael Newman & Toby Simpson The AJR marked last month’s 81st narrated by individuals who experienced Tamara said “there are things that I learnt anniversary of Kristallnacht by major historical and political and whose lives from the interviews which are very precious were profoundly affected by a upheaval, to me, things that my parents can no longer launching the AJR Refugee Voices separation, emigration, displacement tell me”. Testimony Archive, a ground- and resettlement. We are proud to have breaking collection of Holocaust conducted almost 250 interviews and to Also at the launch AJR’s Head of invite family members, researchers, teachers, Educational Grants & Projects, Alex oral histories.