DOCSLIB.ORG

The Occitan War: a Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209-1218 Laurence W

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Occitan War: a Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209-1218 Laurence W Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87240-9 - The Occitan War: A Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209-1218 Laurence W. Marvin Index More information Index Adhe´mar-Jordan of Saint-Antonin 140, 141 Bellegarde, castrum of 248, 249 Adhe´mar of Poitiers 33, 265, 266 Berengar, Abbot of Saint Thibe´ry 226, 231, 235 Agenais, region of Occitania 6, 35, 37, 141, 241 Bernard Adalbert 245 Aimeric of Montre´al 68, 74, 80, 85, 98, 103 Bernard, Archbishop of Auch (deposed 1214) 3, 77 Aimery III, Viscount of Narbonne 46, 66, 76, 77, Bernard, Archbishop of Embrun 218, 220, 223 121, 137, 204, 226, 239 Bernard Navarra 287 n. 80 Alan of Rouchy 295 Bernard of Cazenac 213–14, 228, 278, 287, 291 Albi, castrum of 61 Bernard of Clairvaux 2 Albigensians see Cathar Bernard of Portella 200 Alice of Montfort 56, 63, 71, 74, 81, 89, 148, 178, Bernard IV, Count of Comminges 112, 133, 134, 271, 280, 282, 297 154, 161, 162, 165, 170, 172, 202, 203, 270, Alphonse of Artois 302 271, 274, 285, 291 Amaury of Craon 282, 292 Bernard V, Count of Comminges 298 Amaury of Montfort 137–8, 170, 171–2, 175, 206, Bernard-Raimon of Roquefort, Bishop of 209, 247, 271, 276, 280, 294, 295, 297, Carcassonne 90 298–9, 301, 302, 305, 306 Bernis, castrum of 264 Amicia of Montfort, 95, 266 Bertrand of Cardaillac 35 Anonymous of Toulouse as chronicler 12, 26, 158, Bertrand of Gourdon 35 172, 174, 229, 249–50, 259, 268, 300 Bertrand, papal legate and cardinal 264, 265, 273, Arnaud, Bishop of Agen 36 278, 280, 290, 292, 294, 297 Arnaud-Amaury, Abbot of Cˆıteaux and papal Be´ziers, castrum and population of 38, 44, 300 legate 28, 34, 41, 43, 50, 53, 54, 70, 79, 94, militia of 15 133, 145, 164, 239 sack of 28, 41–5 Archbishop of Narbonne 137, 198, 218, 225, Bouchard of Marly 63–4, 97, 121–2 226, 228, 234, 241 Bouvines, battle of 31, 32, 71, 209, 213, 224, 307 attritional warfare 12 Bram, castrum and siege of 72–3 Auterive, castrum of 115, 154 Bruniquel, castrum of 110, 111 n. 86 Avignon 241–2 1219 siege of 301 Cabaret, castles at Lastours 9, 23, 57, 60–1, 63, 64, 73, 97 Baldwin of Toulouse 14, 22, 25, 109–10, 111, 128, Cahuzac, castrum of 110, 132, 133 153, 170, 198, 205, 274 Carcassonne, castrum of 46–7, 72, 301 capture and death 199–200 1209 siege of 48–52 Bazie`ge, battle of 299, 300 Casseneuil, castrum of 36, 208 Be´atrice of Viennois 206 1209 siege of 36–7, 208 Beaucaire, castrum of 221, 234–5, 242–3, 244, 1214 siege of 209–12 264, 309 Castelnaudary, castrum of 83, 108, 110, 118 Cross Gate 256 siege of 118–21 Redoubt 245, 246 Castelsarrasin, castrum of 117, 152, 156 siege and counter-siege of 24, 245–57 Castres, castrum of 60, 67, 93 Vine Gate 250, 251, 254, 255, 256 Catharism see Cathars 324 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87240-9 - The Occitan War: A Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209-1218 Laurence W. Marvin Index More information Index 325 Cathars xiv, 1–2, 2, 4, 37, 68, 79, 80, 98, 109, 131, Garonne river 275, 284 141, 206, 231, 232, 302, 303, 308 Gaston of Be´arn 117, 161, 162, 165, 202 Centule, Count of Astarac 299–300 Gaucher of Chaˆtillon, Count of Saint-Pol 33, 54 consolamentum 2 Gaucher of Joigny 33 councils, ecumenical Gautier, Bishop of Autun 34 Third Lateran 2, 19 Geoffrey of Neville 207, 208 n. 57 Fourth Lateran 26, 217, 228–9, 239, 241, 243, 278 Gervase of Chamigny 271 canons of 235–6 Giralda of Laurac 22, 98–9, 103, 105 factions at 229–30 Girard, Archbishop of Bourges 263, 264 credentes 2, 79 Giraud of Pe´pieux 65–7, 73, 86, 106, Crest, castrum and siege of 266, 269 132, 134, 152 Crusade, Albigensian xiv, 10, 15 goodmen see perfects Crusades: Gregory VII, Pope 223 First 4 Guichard of Beaujeu 33 Fourth 31, 32, 55 Guilhem of Minerve 79–80, 85, 254 n. 71 Fifth 297 Guilhem of Peyrepertuse 263 Guilhem of Roquefort 67, 90, 114 Dalmas of Creixell 277 Guillem-Raimon of Montcada, Seneschal of De´odat of Barasc 206 Catalonia 170 De´odat of Se´verac-le-Chaˆteau 215–16 Guy, Abbot of Vaux-de-Cernay 24, 71, 71 n. 11, Dominic Guzman 212 79, 168, 205, 206 Dominicans, Order of 303 Bishop of Carcassonne 205, 209, 210, 248 Domme, castrum of 213 Guy, Count of Auvergne 35, 36–7 Dordogne river 213, 214, 228 Guy of Cavaillon 247, 250 Dragonet of Mondragon 257, 264 Guy of Le´vis 34, 90, 121, 139, 155, 247, 304 Dreux of Compans 132 Guy of Lucy 77, 108, 118, 122, 138 Guy of Montfort, brother of elder Simon 14, 130, Eleanor of Aragon 228, 234–5 137–8, 139, 150, 170, 205, 206, 215, 226, 229, Elias of Albaroca 287 n. 80 239, 247, 248–9, 256, 260, 272–3, 293, 295 Engelbert, Provost of Cologne 138, 145 Guy of Montfort, son of elder Simon 262, 271, England, Kings of 5, 18 272, 274, 304 Enguerrand of Boves 154 Enguerrand of Coucy 108 Hautpol, castrum and siege of 136–7 Este`ve of Servian 71 Henry, Count of Rodez 215 Eustache of Cayeux 114 Henry II, King of England 307 Henry IV, German Emperor 223 faidits 155, 177, 234, 241, 252, 269, 270, 273, 281, Herve´, Count of Nevers, 33, 34, 54, 57, 69 287, 292 Honorius III, Pope 234, 258, 278, 297, 306 Fanjeaux, castrum of 60 Hugh, Bishop of Riez 164 Figeac, town of 215 Hugh of Alfaro 114, 143, 281 Foix, castrum of 197, 226, 262 Hugh of La Mota 286 counts of 14 Hugh of Lacy 118, 247 Folquet of Marseille, Bishop of Toulouse 11, 71, 71 Hugh of Revigan 36, 208 n. 11, 73, 100, 101, 159, 168, 179, 187, 190, 196, 220–1, 228, 231, 232, 233, 260, 261, 280, 282 infantry, use and employment of 15–19 forty-day service, see service requirement Innocent III, Pope 1, 3–4, 28, 58, 62, 70, 163, 167, Foucaud of Berzy 255, 275, 299, 300 175, 222–4, 226, 236–7, 241, 243, 258 France, kings of 7 at Fourth Lateran 228–9, 230, 232, 233 Frederick Barbarossa, German Emperor 8, 18 further settlement after Fourth Lateran 234–5 Frederick, Count of Toul 155 suspension of indulgence 1213, 163–5, 197, 205 Inquisition 303 Gaillac, castrum of 110, 128, 132–3, 135 Gaillard of Beynac 214 Jacques of Vitry 138, 205 Garcias of Ort, Bishop of Comminges 155, 187 Jaume I, King of Aragon 95–6, 193, 201, 202, 203, Archbishop of Auch, 218, 233, 300 240, 266, 306 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87240-9 - The Occitan War: A Military and Political History of the Albigensian Crusade, 1209-1218 Laurence W. Marvin Index More information 326 Index Jeanne of Toulouse 302 Montgrenier, munitio or castrum and capture of Joan of England 6, 141 262–3, 270 John, King of England 6, 56, 142, 168, 196, 203, Montlaur, castrum of 72 207, 209, 213, 215, 222, 241 Montpellier, city of 198 John of Veira, Bishop of Limoges 36 Council of 217, 222 Jordan, Bishop of Lisieux, 34, 97, 99 Montse´gur 231, 302 Joris, Occitan noble and crusade adherent 270, Muret 155, 169, 177, 276 290, 298 battle of 13, 14, 177, 181–2, 187–90 deaths 191–2 knights, use of in warfare 13–14 numbers of men engaged, medieval estimates 184–5, 186 La Re´ole, town of 203, 207 numbers of men engaged, modern estimates, La Rochelle, town of 299 186 n. 109, 186–7 Lagrave, castrum of 128–9, 132 significance of battle 175–6, 194–5 Lambert of Monte´limar 265 Lambert of Thury (Cre´cy, Limoux) 34, 59, 81, Narbonnais Castle, 10, 71, 113, 221, 226, 227, 239, 168, 245, 247, 251, 253, 257 259, 260, 261, 270, 271, 273, 277, 278, 284, Languedoc 1 294, 296 Las Navas de Tolosa, battle of 7, 50, 146, 161 Narbonne, city of 46, 198, 200–1 Lastours see Cabaret militia of 15, 66, 76, 77, 81, 201 Lavaur, castrum of 3, 98, 99 New Toulouse 275, 276, 281, 282, 295, 296 1211 siege of 99–103, 108 Nicholas of Bazoches 105 1213 council of, 161, 166 Nˆımes, city of 198, 202, 248, 252, 258 Lavelanet, castrum of 145 Le Mas d’Agenais, castrum and unsuccessful siege Occitan War xiv, 6, 7, 13, 16, 37, 94, 105, 156, 174, of 203 248, 251, 257, 296, 303, 307, 308 Les Casse´s, castrum of 108–9 brutality of 21–2, 73, 301, 309, 310 Leopold VI, Duke of Austria 138, 145 Occitania 1, 2, 3, 4–6, 23, 305, 306, 308 logistics 22–4 Odo, Duke of Burgundy 33, 34, 54, 57, 60–1, 69 in Occitan War 23–4 Orange, city of 242 Lolmie, castrum of 198 Otto, Emperor of Germany 70 Lombers, castrum of 60, 61, 67, 93 Louis, Prince (Louis VIII) 3, 6, 80, 168, 169, 217, Pamiers, city of 115 224, 225–7, 297, 299, 300–1, 301, 304, 307 Statutes of 158, 159–60 Louis IX, King of France 301–2 Peir Durban of Monte´gut 272 Peire Mir 97, 99, 247 Manasses, Bishop of Orleans 169, 172 Peire of Saint Prais 246 Marmande, castrum of 147, 207, 298, 299–300 Peire-Roger of Cabaret 47, 64, 74, 81, 82–3, 85, Martin Algai 122, 124, 147–8, 150, 208 n.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature
    A Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature Robert A. Taylor RESEARCH IN MEDIEVAL CULTURE Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature Medieval Institute Publications is a program of The Medieval Institute, College of Arts and Sciences Bibliographical Guide to the Study of the Troubadours and Old Occitan Literature Robert A. Taylor MEDIEVAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS Western Michigan University Kalamazoo Copyright © 2015 by the Board of Trustees of Western Michigan University All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Taylor, Robert A. (Robert Allen), 1937- Bibliographical guide to the study of the troubadours and old Occitan literature / Robert A. Taylor. pages cm Includes index. Summary: "This volume provides offers an annotated listing of over two thousand recent books and articles that treat all categories of Occitan literature from the earli- est enigmatic texts to the works of Jordi de Sant Jordi, an Occitano-Catalan poet who died young in 1424. The works chosen for inclusion are intended to provide a rational introduction to the many thousands of studies that have appeared over the last thirty-five years. The listings provide descriptive comments about each contri- bution, with occasional remarks on striking or controversial content and numerous cross-references to identify complementary studies or differing opinions" -- Pro- vided by publisher. ISBN 978-1-58044-207-7 (Paperback : alk. paper) 1. Provençal literature--Bibliography. 2. Occitan literature--Bibliography. 3. Troubadours--Bibliography. 4. Civilization, Medieval, in literature--Bibliography.
    [Show full text]
  • Love and War: Troubadour Songs As Propaganda, Protest, and Politics in the Albigensian Crusade
    Love and War: Troubadour Songs as Propaganda, Protest, and Politics in the Albigensian Crusade By Leslee Wood B.A., University of Utah, 2003 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Music and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music. _________________________________________ Chair: Roberta Schwartz, PhD _________________________________________ Paul Laird, PhD _________________________________________ Bryan Kip Haaheim, DMA Date Defended: May 25, 2017 The thesis committee for Leslee Wood certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Love and War: Troubadour Songs as Propaganda, Protest, and Politics in the Albigensian Crusade ___________________________________________ Chair: Roberta Schwartz, PhD Date approved: May 25, 2017 ii Abstract: From the eleventh through the thirteenth century, the troubadours flourished in the Occitan courts of southern France. As the artistic and political voices of their culture, these men and women were educated, creative, and well-placed to envoice the cultural and political events of their time. In 1208, Pope Innocent III launched the Albigensian Crusade against the pervasive Cathar sect, which had attracted followers from every stratum of Occitan society, including believers from the most important ruling families. For twenty years, the crusade decimated the region and destroyed the socio-political apparatus which had long supported, and been given voice by, the troubadours and trobairises. By the end of the war in 1229, the Occitan nobility were largely disinherited and disempowered, unable to support the kind of courtly estates to which they had been accustomed and in which the art de trobar had flourished. Many troubadours were involved both politically and militarily in the crusade and their lyric reactions include astute political commentaries, vigorous calls-to-arms, invectives against the corruption of the Catholic clergy and the French invaders, and laments for the loss of both individuals and institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • Cathar Or Catholic: Treading the Line Between Popular Piety and Heresy in Occitania, 1022-1271
    Cathar or Catholic: Treading the line between popular piety and heresy in Occitania, 1022-1271. Master’s Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University Department of History William Kapelle, Advisor In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Master’s Degree by Elizabeth Jensen May 2013 Copyright by Elizabeth Jensen © 2013 ABSTRACT Cathar or Catholic: Treading the line between popular piety and heresy in Occitania, 1022-1271. A thesis presented to the Department of History Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University Waltham, Massachusetts By Elizabeth Jensen The Occitanian Cathars were among the most successful heretics in medieval Europe. In order to combat this heresy the Catholic Church ordered preaching campaigns, passed ecclesiastic legislation, called for a crusade and eventually turned to the new mechanism of the Inquisition. Understanding why the Cathars were so popular in Occitania and why the defeat of this heresy required so many different mechanisms entails exploring the development of Occitanian culture and the wider world of religious reform and enthusiasm. This paper will explain the origins of popular piety and religious reform in medieval Europe before focusing in on two specific movements, the Patarenes and Henry of Lausanne, the first of which became an acceptable form of reform while the other remained a heretic. This will lead to a specific description of the situation in Occitania and the attempts to eradicate the Cathars with special attention focused on the way in which Occitanian culture fostered the growth of Catharism. In short, Catharism filled the need that existed in the people of Occitania for a reformed religious experience.
    [Show full text]
  • The Troubadours
    The Troubadours H.J. Chaytor The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Troubadours, by H.J. Chaytor This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: The Troubadours Author: H.J. Chaytor Release Date: May 27, 2004 [EBook #12456] Language: English and French Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TROUBADOURS *** Produced by Ted Garvin, Renald Levesque and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. THE TROUBADOURS BY REV. H.J. CHAYTOR, M.A. AUTHOR OF "THE TROUBADOURS OF DANTE" ETC. Cambridge: at the University Press 1912 _With the exception of the coat of arms at the foot, the design on the title page is a reproduction of one used by the earliest known Cambridge printer, John Siberch, 1521_ PREFACE This book, it is hoped, may serve as an introduction to the literature of the Troubadours for readers who have no detailed or scientific knowledge of the subject. I have, therefore, chosen for treatment the Troubadours who are most famous or who display characteristics useful for the purpose of this book. Students who desire to pursue the subject will find further help in the works mentioned in the bibliography. The latter does not profess to be exhaustive, but I hope nothing of real importance has been omitted. H.J. CHAYTOR. THE COLLEGE, PLYMOUTH, March 1912. CONTENTS PREFACE CHAP. I. INTRODUCTORY II.
    [Show full text]
  • Hispania, Italia and Occitania: Latin and the Vernaculars, Bilingualism Or Multilingualism?
    chapter 1 Hispania, Italia and Occitania: Latin and the Vernaculars, Bilingualism or Multilingualism? Arie Schippers Romance Vernaculars From medieval times in Italy, the Romance vernaculars and their literatures stood opposite Latin, which was the official, Church and literary language. Dante Alighieri’s Latin work De vulgari eloquentia is a testimony to this linguis- tic situation. The work describes the situation in Italy and is to a large extent the justification of the place that Dante’s poetry school occupied in the overall picture. But the situation in Italy—the cradle of Latin—does not stand in iso- lation from the rest of southern Europe, such as Hispania (Arabic al-Andalus and the region of present-day Spain and Portugal) and their respective litera- tures, and Occitania, the region where the oldest vernacular lyric of medieval Europe manifested itself, mainly in the love poetry of the troubadours. Occitan The linguistic space of Occitania was originally around Toulouse, in the Languedoc, in Provence and in Aquitania, the region that today we call the Midi. Occitania is a relatively new name for the region where Occitan was spoken. The name is derived from the word oc (Latin hoc), which means ‘yes’. The earlier terms Provence, Provençal, or Languedoc or Aquitania were not sufficient to denote the linguistic region. Today, however, the language from the north of France called langue d’oïl (Latin hoc illud / hoc ille) dominates the whole area that we call the Midi or southern France. There are some specific language pockets where Occitan dialects are still spoken, for example in the Aran valley in Spain, where the Aranese Occitan dialect is an officially rec- ognized language.1 Moreover, there is a certain artificial revival of forms of 1 In Val d’Aran teaching at elementary schools starts with three years of Aranes.
    [Show full text]
  • Lorraine Simonis
    The Kingdom, the Power and the Glory: the Albigensian Crusade and the Subjugation of the Languedoc A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Bachelor of Arts Degree with Honors in Medieval and Renaissance Studies Lorraine Marie Alice Simonis Washington and Lee University April 11, 2014 David Peterson, Advisor Alexandra Brown, Second Reader 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 4 Notes 5 Timeline 7 Illustrations 9 Introduction 12 Chapter 1: “The Little Foxes Spoiling the Vineyard of the Lord” 17 Religious Dissent The Medieval Church and Heresy Cathar History and Cosmology Chapter 2: “The Practical Consequences of Catharism” 30 The Uniqueness of the Cathars Cathars and Clerics The Popular Appeal of Catharism Chapter 3: “The Chief Source of the Poison of Faithlessness” 39 The Many Faces of “Feudalism” Chivalric Society vs. Courtly Society The Political Structure of the South The Southern Church Chapter 4: “The Business of the Peace and of the Faith” 54 The Conspicuous Absence of the Albigensians A Close Reading of the Statutes of Pamiers and the Charter of Arles Pamiers Arles Conclusion 66 3 Bibliography 72 Primary Sources Secondary Sources 4 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I’d like to thank my readers, Profs. Peterson and Brown, for all of their guidance and support – not only in writing this thesis, but throughout my time at Washington & Lee. If it weren’t for Prof. Peterson, who introduced me to the Medieval & Renaissance Studies program while I was still a prospective student, I may never have developed an interest in this topic in the first place. Thanks also to all the professors who’ve made my time here at Washington & Lee so special and successful, especially Profs.
    [Show full text]
  • Papal Overlordship and Protectio of the King, C.1000-1300
    1 PAPAL OVERLORDSHIP AND PROTECTIO OF THE KING, c.1000-1300 Benedict Wiedemann UCL Submitted for the degree of PhD in History 2017 2 I, Benedict Wiedemann, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Papal Overlordship and Protectio of the King, c.1000-1300 Abstract This thesis focuses on papal overlordship of monarchs in the middle ages. It examines the nature of alliances between popes and kings which have traditionally been called ‘feudal’ or – more recently – ‘protective’. Previous scholarship has assumed that there was a distinction between kingdoms under papal protection and kingdoms under papal overlordship. I argue that protection and feudal overlordship were distinct categories only from the later twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. Before then, papal-royal alliances tended to be ad hoc and did not take on more general forms. At the beginning of the thirteenth century kingdoms started to be called ‘fiefs’ of the papacy. This new type of relationship came from England, when King John surrendered his kingdoms to the papacy in 1213. From then on this ‘feudal’ relationship was applied to the pope’s relationship with the king of Sicily. This new – more codified – feudal relationship seems to have been introduced to the papacy by the English royal court rather than by another source such as learned Italian jurists, as might have been expected. A common assumption about how papal overlordship worked is that it came about because of the active attempts of an over-mighty papacy to advance its power for its own sake.
    [Show full text]
  • The Troubadours
    The Troubadours H.J. Chaytor The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Troubadours, by H.J. Chaytor This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: The Troubadours Author: H.J. Chaytor Release Date: May 27, 2004 [EBook #12456] Language: English and French Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TROUBADOURS *** Produced by Ted Garvin, Renald Levesque and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. THE TROUBADOURS BY REV. H.J. CHAYTOR, M.A. AUTHOR OF "THE TROUBADOURS OF DANTE" ETC. Cambridge: at the University Press 1912 _With the exception of the coat of arms at the foot, the design on the title page is a reproduction of one used by the earliest known Cambridge printer, John Siberch, 1521_ Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. PREFACE This book, it is hoped, may serve as an introduction to the literature of the Troubadours for readers who have no detailed or scientific knowledge of the subject. I have, therefore, chosen for treatment the Troubadours who are most famous or who display characteristics useful for the purpose of this book. Students who desire to pursue the subject will find further help in the works mentioned in the bibliography. The latter does not profess to be exhaustive, but I hope nothing of real importance has been omitted.
    [Show full text]
  • History of the Crusades. Episode 148. the Crusade Against the Cathars
    History of the Crusades. Episode 148. The Crusade Against the Cathars. Muret Aftermath. Hello again. Last week we analyzed the Battle of Muret and its disastrous surprise defeat for the southern French rebels. In this episode, we will take a look at the consequences of the battle. Of course, the major shock outcome of the battle was the death of King Peter II of Aragon. Now, as we all know, the ruler of Aragon was constantly having to perform a balancing act between maintaining healthy relations with the other Spanish Kingdoms and the Caliphate in Al-Andalus. This was tricky at the best of times, but in September 1213, following the Battle of Muret the Kingdom of Aragon suddenly found itself without a King. The heir to the throne, Peter's son James, was only five years old and wasn't even in Aragon. He was living at the court of the man who bettered his father on the battlefield, Simon de Montfort. To add to the Kingdom's problems, its barons started getting restless and considering their options, to see whether they may be able to gain an advantage from the situation. King Peter had risked everything on one roll of the dice at Muret. As a result, the Kingdom was close to bankruptcy, and the cream of Aragonese fighting men, its knights and its most talented sons, were lying dead on a battlefield in southern France. It was no wonder, then, that the noble families of the Kingdom, with only an absent child King to keep them in check, were having whispered conversations in the halls of power, testing their allegiances, and assessing their chances of making a grab for power.
    [Show full text]
  • The Albigensian Crusade: the Intersection of Religious and Political Authority in Languedoc (1209-1218)
    Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Honors Program Senior Projects WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Fall 12-8-2017 The Albigensian Crusade: The Intersection of Religious and Political Authority in Languedoc (1209-1218) Alexis Nunn Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Nunn, Alexis, "The Albigensian Crusade: The Intersection of Religious and Political Authority in Languedoc (1209-1218)" (2017). WWU Honors Program Senior Projects. 57. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors/57 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Honors Program Senior Projects by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 The Albigensian Crusade: The Intersection of Religious and Secular Authority (1209-1218) Alexis Nunn I. Introduction In 1209, Innocent III called the Albigensian Crusade to eradicate heresy from Languedoc. He believed the threat of heresy had become too great to handle through peaceful means. For him and many other Catholics, the fear of heresy was very real, and he saw military intervention as the last resort. There is no doubt that he was driven by sincere belief, but the resulting war could not be fought according to Innocent’s vision as political concerns began to outweigh religious concerns. The authority of the Catholic Church relied on the support of secular power, something that was desperately needed in Languedoc, where the Church lacked not only secular support, but where their religious authority was undermined by the growth of the Cathar movement.
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle of Las Navas De Tolosa: the Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2011 The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia Miguel Dolan Gomez [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the European History Commons, History of Religion Commons, Islamic World and Near East History Commons, and the Medieval History Commons Recommended Citation Gomez, Miguel Dolan, "The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2011. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/1079 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Miguel Dolan Gomez entitled "The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Thomas E. Burman, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Jay Rubenstein, Chad Black, Maura Lafferty Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: The Culture and Practice of Crusading in Medieval Iberia A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Miguel Dolan Gomez August 2011 Copyright © 2011 by Miguel D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Albigensian Crusade: Catharism Condemned
    IN THIS ISSUE: Crusading in southern France VOL lIl, ISSUE 4 The Albigensian Crusade: Catharism condemned With: • Aragon defeated: the Battle of Muret • Sieges in the south: de Montfort and Amaury Also: • The Hungarian invasion of Italy, 1348-1350 • Bishop Absalon and the Wendish campaigns And much more! GBP £ 5.99 Medieval Warfare III-4 1 www.medieval-warfare.com Karwansaray Publishers Medieval warfare III.4 (checked Dirk).indd 1 7/15/13 5:02 PM Medieval warfare III.4 (checked Dirk).indd 2 7/15/13 5:02 PM CONTENTS 4 NEWS AND LETTERS 34 For God and France Publisher: Rolof van Hövell tot Westerflier The Crusades of King Louis Editor in chief: Jasper Oorthuys Editorial staff: Dirk van Gorp (editor Medieval Warfare), Duncan B. Campbell (copy-editor) THEME Marketing & media manager: Christianne C. Beall The Albigensian Crusade - Catharism condemned Contributors: raff aele D’Amato, Erich Anderson, Stephen Bennett, Ian Brandt, Brian Burfi eld, ross Cowan, Sidney The Albigensian Crusade Dean, Peter Konieczny, Annamaria Kovács, Kevin 6 Krahenbuhl, russ Mitchell, Andrei Pogăciaş, Owen rees, A twist in the story of the Crusades Alberto raúl Esteban ribas, Stephen roberts, Nils Visser, 38 The mutilated, lame Ashley White, Gareth Williams. and blind Illustrators: Giorgio Albertini, Ganbat Badamkhand, Christianne Beall, Rocio Espin, Carlos Garcia, Milek Disabled warriors in medieval society Jakubiec, Julia lillo, Jose Antonio Gutierrez lopez, Pablo Outeiral, José Daniel Cabrera Peña, Johnny Shumate. Design & layout: MeSa Design (www.mesadesign.nl) Print:
    [Show full text]