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Not intentionally, of course. At C&S Bank our Trust specialists in But fishing partners and executors real estate, investments and taxes can save require different skills. C&S your family time and money. Your friend may not have the knowledge, Come in and talk to one of our Trust experience or even the time to administer Trust Officers. With C&S your family won't lose the complexities of estate settlement. Department a friend- they'll gain one. The Citizens and Southern N ational Bank of South Carolina, Member F .D .I.C. Remember when nobody had to worry about paying the electric bill? If you do, then you probably and power lines. And for people remember when there was no to make the whole thing work. electricity. Because it's a pretfy In fact, if there's anything sure bet that as long as people that borders on magic, it's that have been getting utility bills, even with a rate increase, people have been griping SCE&G's average residen- about the amounts. tial electric rate is less It's not hard to un- today than it was 20 derstand why. Elec- years ago. tricity is something .. So, why are everyone takes utility bills higher for granted. today? The flick of a Simple. The switch, the turn main reason is of a knob and that you're us- it's there. 1ng more power. So meals are ' And the truth is, cooked. Water's the more power heated. The you use, the more house is lighted, your bill will be. cooled or \Alarmed. Fortunately, the The refrigerator ~- · ·· · power's there for hums along. The laun- -~ you. As much or as dry gets done. · \.. little as you want. And on and on it goes. Then, think about electricity. But there is no magic about The conveniences it offers. And it. Electricity is simply a com- how to use it. Because you're modity that costs money to pro- the only one who can decide vide. Money for new plants and what the whole thing's worth. generators. For transformers SouthCarolinaElectricandGas THE MAGAZINE PGOLF sandl apper. SPECIA

READERS' COMMENTS 4 FROM BEHIND THE PALMETTOS 5 NEXT MONTH 6 CHESS OUT OF CHECK IN CAROLINA 8 Daniel E. Harmon CAROLINA BALLET COMPANY 12 Kitty Clarke BABY RAY 17 Roy Ethridge SANTEE EELS TITILLATE ZUIDER ZEE GOURMANDS 21 Tom Hamrick ST. BERNARDS SANS ICE AND SNOW 25 Katharine S. Boling SCARBOROUGHS TO SHARKS' TEETH THE COLLECTION OF THE FLORENCE MUSEUM 30 Gene Waddell GREAT-GRANDMA WAS A NATURAL COOK 36 Mary Hassage Our package also includes a luxury room at our THE MOTHERLY ART OF BREAST-FEEDING oceanfront resort; a free cart for 18 holes each RETURNS TO VOGUE 41 Patricia Stepp day on our challenging, George Cobb- designed, Hilton Head Golf Course. Package rate effective SANDLAPPER BOOKSTORE 44 thru Feb. 11. Feb. 12 thru March 15 ($176) . March 16 thru April 15 ($196). SANDLAPPER BOOKSHELF 46 For reservations and SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY ILLUSTRATED WILLIAM HENRY TRESCOT: DIPLOMAT AND AUTHOR 48 M. Foster Farley EVENTS 53 ~~~ A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MOVIES 58 Dan Rottenberg Mail: Box 85, Phone: 803 - 785-3372 Hilton Head Island, S. C. 29928 FEBRUARY WEATHER 62 H. Landers INTERESTING, UNUSUAL ITEMS AND SER VICES 64 Superior Motors Inc. "The Little Profit Dea ler " Pontiac • Buick• Wi nnebago Orangebu rg , S C Ph one 534-11 23 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Delmar L. Roberts Colu mbia Number 256-0200 ASSIST ANT EDITOR Daniel Harmon ART DIRECTOR Michael F. Schumpert 20 FOOT MOTOR HOME GENERAL MANAGER Kay Langley ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Edward J. Keady ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Charles Alexander, Brian Taylor EVENTS EDITOR Beverly Gregg CIRCULATION MANAGER Kathryn F. Little

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SANDLAPPER-THE MAGAZINE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, February 1973, Volume 6, Number 2. Published monthly by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Editorial and administrative offices are located on U.S. 378, West Columbia. MAILING ADDRESS: All correspondence and manuscripts should be addressed to P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202. Return postage must accompany all manu­ scripts, drawings and photographs submitted if they are to be returned. Query before submitting material. No responsibility assumed for unsolicited materials. Second-class postage paid at Colum­ bia, S.C. Subscription rates: $9 a year in the United States and possessions; foreign countries, $12. .[HRfflPIDn Add 4 percent sales tax for South Carolina subscriptions. Copyright© 1972 by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Sandlapper is a registered trademark. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re­ MOTOR HOMES DIVISION produced without written permission. CHAMPION HOME BUILDERS CO.

Cover: Parlor of Mr. and Mrs. George Hartness, Columbia. Richard Taylor.

February 1973 3 NEW ISSUE readers' Paying com1nents Sandlapper welcomes letters to 3 the editor on matters of general in­ 6 k1o terest. We ask that the letters be held to 150 words or less. Excerpts 71o~ from this month's letters are pre­ sented below. 71/410 With reference to my article on a First Piedmont Corporation, which controls the companies named be­ low, is offering, by prospectus only, three series of Subordinated Capital period of Aiken's history that ap­ Notes paying interest monthly or quarterly at the following rates: peared in the January issue, I am hopeful that you will spare space 6-3/ 4% Series A 4 year maturity from date of issue for the following additional con­ 7% Series B 8 year maturity from date of issue 7-1 / 4% SeriesC 12 year maturity from date of issue tribution .... Recently, I read that the Baltazzis were indeed a distin­ Only South Carolina residents may buy these notes, which are offered guished family, a Smyrna offshoot at par value in $1 ,000 increments, beginning at $1,000. of one originally from Constanti­ If you live in this state, and you are interested, write to First Piedmont nople's Phanar enclave of the Corporation, 340 North Main Street, Greenville, S.C. 29601, and request Greek aristocracy, whence the Sub­ the prospectus that makes the offer. Or pick up your copy at any office of First Piedmont Bank and Trust. lime Porte, as the seat of the gov­ ernment of the once mighty Otto­ =11111 First Piedmont Corporation man Empire was known, drew its First Piedmont Bank and Trust Co. • First Piedmont Leasing -- Co. • Computer Resources. Inc . • First Piedmont Manage­ interpreters, its diplomats and the I!== ment Group • First Piedmont Trave l • First Piedmont governors of Wallachia and Mol­ Mortgage Co. • First Piedmont Capital Corporation davia, the old principalities now composing Rumania. The authority of these governors was absolute, subject only to the Sultan; they bore the title of prince. Some years ago, a man of my acquaintance­ like the senior Baltazzi, a native of SERVICING THE DATA PROCESSING NEEDS Smyrna or Izmir- who knew the OF SATISFIED CLIENTS IN THE SOUTHEAST old man, thought it would be nice to call on his son here and gladden his heart. He got no nearer to him than the front door. The maid, who ap­ prised her master of the object of the visit, returned with a message that Mr. Baltazzi was getting ready C to leave and had no time for the caller, a reception often reserved for vacuum cleaner or encyclopedia salesmen, seldom for a cultured

2008 Marion St. Columbia, South Carolina gentleman whose sister was on Harper's editorial board. But remember, it was the cruel Age of Snobbery ....

E. A Gregory Aiken, South Carolina

I believe the book You Can't Eat Magnolias [December 1972] is one

4 Sand lap per from1 tt thebehi111d palllle os

Our cover this month depicts a fried liver attack. No doubt you have just flipped back to the cover for a second glance and decided, "No, you are wrong. Pictured on the cover is somebody's chess game." Both of us are correct. The Fried Liver Attack is not a physical disorder; it is a form of chess opening, a variation of the Two Knights' Defense in which one of the white knights ··seeing is believing" carelessly penetrates the heart of the black army on the sixth move of the game. For a says Charles Coody Nestled in among verdant fairways, rolling greens more detailed explanation, consult Otto and pristine lakes, Errol Estate Inn and Country Club is one of the most luxurious golf resorts in Estenger, Robert Bliss or any of the others the country. Central Florida was designed by nature for the introduced in our chess article which begins perfect vacation. We just added to it: an 18-hole championship golf course by master designer Joe on page 8. Lee and home of Masters Champion and Touring Pro Charles Coody; gourmet cuisine by Master Chef We extend special thanks to the Manfred Hacker , former Chef to the Queen of England ; and a magnificent Club House, a master Columbians who made our cover possible: J. Donald Dial Sr., stroke of architectural design, with professional tennis courts, swimming and fishing . the owner of the exquisite ivory chess set, and Mr. and Mrs. Write or call today and see why we believe Errol George B. Hartness, who made available the Louis XV chess Estate Inn and Country Club is the place for you . table, and in whose living room the Fried Liver Attack occurred. Mentioned in the chess article is Converse College Professor Errol Estate Inn Spencer Mathews, who once defeated Bobby the Boor. Mathews and Country• Club explained the circumstances surrounding his victory: "The game P. 0. Box 1208 Apopka, Fla. 32703 305 / 886-5000 with Fischer took place in Richmond, Virginia, on March 5, Represented by: Hetland & Stevens, Inc. 1964. At that time he was U.S. champion and was giving a sequence of simultaneous exhibitions. Forty-five players assembled in Richmond (paying $5.00 each) to play against him. If my memory is correct, he won 39 games outright and drew one .... I still have the score of the game and my own post-game analysis of it. The exhibition took place under demanding circumstances, which perhaps accounts for the fact that Fischer lost so many games. His plane had been delayed getting out of New York so that play began at about 11 p.m. and ran until about 4 a.m. Play had been scheduled to begin at 7 p.m." ~£!!Q~!!1Y One of our articles this month was written with willful and The College Preparatory unmitigated bias. Tom Hamrick is the "culprit," and his peeve is School of the University of the oily, snakelike eel. When he submitted the South ... Est. 1868 the article to us he attached this line: "Can Boys boarding, Coed day, in you even imagine putting one of those Grades 9-12. Fully Accredited. Independent study program. things in your mouth?" (Our reaction: 10 to 1 student/ teacher ratio. "No!" But that's beside the point.) Academy and University students share a 10,000 acre Obviously, the article does not suffer from mountain campus and a 200,000 this antagonistic attitude. Hamrick volume library. College credit courses for advanced students. recognizes a success story when he finds it. Full sports and outdoors This one just goes to endorse the old adage, "Repulsion is the program. Open admissions. key to success:' Summer School-Camp. Admissions in January Isn't that an old adage? No? ... & September Write to: Director of Admissions Texas Writer Mary Hassage's grandfather was from South SEWANEE ACADEMY Carolina and grew up on natural foods. "Grandfather convinced Room BO us that whole grains are better, and we turned to natural organic Sewanee, Tennessee 37375 cooking long before the present craze started." Maybe you, too?

February 1973 5 of the trashiest insults toward the • South I've ever heard of. The few ignorant liberals that believe they're next n1.onth Ill "steering our stupid South in the right direction" are misled bunglers. sandlapper The South (as a whole) if she wanted to be industrialized could be. I believe that the people who give the South a bad name are few! FORTY-ACRE ROCK As far as many Southerners are con­ By H. D. Wagener cerned the South is as much on Her feet as she wants to be .... If Her people want to raise cotton and eat BELTON: TENNIS TOWN grits it's not some dolt's place to By Clyde Shirley cut Her people down for it. As for being written by young Souther­ RECIPES FOR SAILORS­ BANASTRE TARLETON: ners, there are a few misguided ex­ AND GUESTS BUTCHER OR HERO? ceptions to every rule. By Mary R. Lilly Bennett By Robert D. Bass Where does Sen. Kennedy get his misguided ideas for endorsing this book? Maybe from misguided and many other liberals like himself. interesting articles The South has suffered kicks in CALENDAR OF EVENTS the teeth for over 100 years. We're used to that and laugh off their ig­ • Art • Theatre • Tours norance. As far as true Southerners • Music • Cinema • Fairs are concerned you can eat magno­ • Lectures • Dance • Horse Shows lias! If that is backward I like it that way!

Rex Crews Greer, South Carolina

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6 Sand lap per ,I/~

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. THE MOST RESPECTED NAME IN BURIAL VAULTS ny Wednesday night at 8 o'clock you can mount the stone steps Aof Columbia's YMCA building, turn left inside the lobby, walk Chess through the wooden door to a spacious side room and find some Robert Bliss, the highest-ranked two dozen men and boys seated at player and lone chess master in the both sides of a long table. None of state, now writes a weekly chess them will notice your entrance. column for the Charleston Evening Within five seconds you will be­ Post. International Master George come aware that you are standing Koltanowski's weekly chess show is in an atmosphere of silence so com­ seen on S.C. ETV, and his column plete that it sends a trace of a chill appears in The State. Chess clubs down your spine, and you are un­ are being organized and revitalized; able to remember when you have there are big ones now in North been in a room full of people so Augusta, Charleston, Columbia, barren of sound. The occupants sit Greenville and Spartanburg, and en tranced over a dozen chess­ smaller ones in Aiken, Florence, boards. They move the plastic Hartsville, Camden and Beaufort. pieces noiselessly. When they Tournaments are publicized by lo­ Chess is a thinking game, a factor squirm in their chairs, they squirm which makes it seem dull to non· cal media and announced in the noiselessly. players. In most tournaments, a quarterly South Carolina Chess As­ The president of the Palmetto contestant must make 40 moves sociation News, and hardly a week­ Chess Club, Dr. Jerry Rothstein, in two hours; if he chooses, end passes without a tournament strolls around the room, thought­ he can spend the bu I k of that sponsored by one of the groups. time pondering a single move. fully smoking a pipe as he peers Three members of the Palmetto over the competitors' shoulders. In Chess Club in Columbia recently his 30s, distinguished looking, staged an exhibition at a large de­ Rothstein is a pleased man, because his ego can be strongly reflected in partment store, taking on 200 chal­ although not all of the players in his mannerisms in a chess game; ob­ lenging passersby in two days. The the room belong to his club, the serve how he reacts toward victory Charleston club conducted a corres­ Wednesday night assemblage has and defeat." Is it a rocky road to pondence match with the Aiken been increasing in number since chess prominence? "A person can club. Clubs and courses in chess in­ Bobby Fischer inspired the current become a very good chess player in struction are underway at num­ chess craze. The future of chess weeks, or he can remain a mediocre erous high schools and colleges in here is looking up. player for years. Knowing how to the state, and chess organizers Rothstein is a hospital radiolo­ make the moves doesn't make you charge other schools with hamper­ gist, and he impresses you as being a good player. It's a matter of the ing their movement by not support­ a mastermind of chess ( which he kind of competition you've had and ing official school chess teams. claims he is not: "I may be one of the amount of studying you've ("They don't want to put out any the 10 best players in Columbia, done." money on chess," moaned an offi­ but if I am, I'm number 10."). He That is part of Rothstein's philo­ cial in Aiken, "because they won't chooses words carefully, and he sophy of his favorite game, a game get any money back, as they do in answers questions with quiet autho­ which is ancient, respected and, as spectator-oriented sports.") Dr. Lee rity and obvious sincerity. What someone once labeled it, "the most Hyder, in a SCCA News editorial, does chess mean to him? "Winning difficult of all games to lose." Origi­ predicted, "The USCF is going to in chess," he observed, "is a matter nated in India in 600 A.D. as the have to make some adjustments to of satisfying your ego. The beauty "army game," it has attracted the an increasing membership and a of chess is that it's even. There are interest of some of the most bril­ greater degree of professionalism no 'good hands,' as in cards, and liant and phenomenal men in his­ among masters. This is the same physical prowess doesn't enter into tory, and is the subject of some sort of problem that the sports it. It's all a matter of planning 20,000 books. Probably at no time world has already encountered. The strategy." Does he consider the previously has it been as universally interests of the professionals may game a sport? "It depends on your popular as Fischer has made it often conflict with those of the definition of a sport. It's competi­ today. governing body, who are amateur tive. It takes a lot of energy. At the If you do not believe the chess devotees of the game." end of a chess tournament a fellow boom has manifested itself in South The USCF Hyder prognosticated is mentally exhausted. The state of Carolina, take a close look. Col. about is the U. S. Chess Federation,

8 Sand lap per Out o:f Check

in.Carolina By Daniel E. Harmon

the American chess scene's official ion Fischer's rating is about 2,800. know why. Basically, chess is a organization which charges mem­ "A USCF rating alone doesn't game of war between two armies. bers a $10 annual fee for such pri­ necessarily mean the player knows Maybe women aren't aggressive vileges as an exclusive chess much," said Bill Dodgen, an Aiken enough for it. There is a certain periodical, Chess Life and Review, Chess Club official. Tournament drive and killer instinct needed to and an "official rating." Many tour­ organizers, he pointed out, are treat­ play international chess." naments in the state are sanctioned ed unfairly in the rating racket if Dodgen is also one of the few by the USCF and the SCCA, and they participate in their own tourna­ South Carolina players to hold the membership in both often is the ments: "Organizers aren't able to honor of having faced Fischer. It tournament entrance requirement. devote their total energies to con­ was 1962, when Dodgen belonged The federation's rating system, centrating on their game, because to the Manhattan Chess Club. "We though religiously respected, is they have to keep the tournament were just sitting around one night often scoffed by members. Roth­ going. They often lose to weaker when this boy wandered into the stein said he was given a rating of opponents. Consequently, their room. At the time, I didn't know 1,778, based on his performance in ratings suffer." who Bobby Fischer was. I asked one USCF-sanctioned tournament, Dodgen, himself an "organizer," him a dumb question: 'Do you play but his "true rating is about is, like Rothstein, a thoughtful chess?' He said, 'Yeah.'" So the 1,600." Ratings from 1,600 to philosopher of the game. On the pair sat down to play 33 games of 1,800 are Class B; from 1,800 to scarcity of women in the chess speed chess, allowing each other 2,000 are Class A; from 2,000 to realm: "There are possibly 200 five seconds per move. The verdict: 2,200 are "expert," and above grand masters in the world, and not Dodgen won one game. Another 2,200 are "master." World Champ- one of them is a woman. I don't Fischer victim from South Carolina

February 1973 9 is young Charles Walter, a current With him at the state tournament his age? Or does his late start in state cochampion, who went to the last November were his wife and tournament competition suggest an national high school championships 11-year-old son (himself a competi­ even brighter future? (The late in New York in 1971. He played tive player), and they served as Alexander Edelsburg of Columbia the Brooklyn Boor "10 or 15 prompters during the interview. was winning city and state cham­ games" there, he said, and it was all Query: "Do you deliberately play pionships while in his 60s.) Fischer. Walter cheerfully added, badly against weaker opponents in Walter, on the other hand, is sure "It was pitiful. He's really good." order to make the game more in­ to figure prominently-maybe Dr. Spencer Mathews, a Converse teresting?" Estenger looked to his dominantly-in future tournaments. College psychology professor who wife, who rephrased the question, He is a sophomore math major at won the state chess title in 1969, then he replied, "No," and awaited the University of South Carolina. had better luck against Fischer. At the next shot. There followed a He speaks with incredible rapidity, a 1964 exhibition at Richmond, brief, embarrassing silence, and his and has been compared to Fischer Virginia, he was one of four players wife sympathetically offered, "He because of his chess mannerisms to beat the champ, who faced 45 can't take chances, you know." and physical appearance. opponents there. South Carolina Estenger began playing chess while Hard at the heels of the two pre­ can claim no glory, however: a child, but he first participated in sent leaders are Master Bliss, who Mathews was a graduate student at tournament play only two years finished third in the last state tour­ the University of Virginia at the ago. A year later he was state nament, and Hyder, who was rated time. champion. Now sharing the center slightly above Walter prior to the Now sharing the spotlight with stage, he looms somewhat enigmati­ tournament. Hyder was the state Walter as state cochampion is Dr. cally on the South Carolina chess champion for four years in the mid­ Otto Estenger of Greenwood. scene: Is he at his peak and ready '60s. Another strong contender is Estenger is a 41-year-old Cuban to decline in prominence because of Douglas G. Cail of Beaufort, who who teaches Spanish at Lander Col­ journeyed to Columbia a mc.ilth be­ lege. Small and studious, he says fore the state match and captured little-in part, perhaps, because he second place in the Palmetto Chess still has minor difficulty under­ Club's Peter Grant Memorial tour­ standing English-and if you ask nament. him a yes-or-no question you invari­ Perhaps contrary to public ably will get a one-word answer. opinion, the organized chess clique, at least in South Carolina, is not dominated by sophisticated, conser­ vative men of the upper establish­ ment. They meet in inconspicuous places and often use paper roll-up Rows of tables, below, fill a tourna­ ment hall. Many tournaments provide chessboards. At any tournament a separate category for unrated con­ you are likely to see very few con­ testants. A child, right, exemplifies the testants in dress suits; most wear unrestricted age range of competitors. casual clothes which even may be years out of style. Neither young nor old, long-hairs nor short-hairs, are in a commanding majority. About the only common trait you notice at first glance is that vir­ tually all of them are men. But there is one thing, one difficult-to­ define aspect of their personalities, which makes chess enthusiasts a special breed. Eccentricity? That is the simplest description, though the term is vague and the degrees of it vary among players. At the last state tournament, one of the most important games was played in the second round be-

10 Sandlapper tween two former champions, pieces bit the dust. With each cap­ Dr. Yakir Aharonov, a visiting Hyder and Walter. Hyder sat cring­ ture, the player removed his oppo­ physics instructor at the ing in his seat. Walter rested his nent's piece, clutching it between University of South Carolina, won the Palmetto Chess Club's jaws in his hands, looking like a two fingers, daintily popped his Peter Grant memorial tourna- puzzled little boy. Hyder would timer button with it and glanced ment last November. A native of make a move and punch his timer across the board with a look that Tel Aviv, Aharonov has participated button, stopping his time clock and said, "All right, buddy, you asked in international tournaments. starting Walter's. Then he would get for it and you got it." up from his chair and walk around But then the game lapsed again the room, observing other games in into slow drudgery. The players progress. Walter would remain fidgeted in their seats, crossing and resigned, and you could almost see sitting at the table in an apparent recrossing their legs, looking hope­ the tension disappear from both daze, as though the situation fully casual as they turned to watch men's faces. Hyder's move had created left him the game being played adjacent. Discussing his mistakes with no really good reply. Five minutes Walter often shook his head and friends after the game, Hyder would pass. Ten. Hyder would long blinked his eyes as if to stay awake, seemed disappointed, but also ob­ since have returned to his seat to while Hyder nervously wrung his viously relieved. In an intelligent ponder the board. hands. whine, he noted simply, "I gave On about the 20th move the There was no "end game." him too much." He shook his head pace quickened-became, in fact, Rather, it ended at about the end sadly. what chess players term "a violent of the "middle game," when Walter It was almost 2 o'clock in the exchange." A move by Hyder set executed a clever combination afternoon. Hyder and Estenger the stage for a queen trade. (Walter which left Hyder in a hopeless posi­ drove down the street with some captured Hyder's queen, the most tion and showed the bystanders companions to grab a late lunch at important piece in a chess army, (Hyder doubtlessly realized all a hamburger chain, which is where knowing that Hyder would capture along) that Walter was not as fat­ today's commanders of the Game his own queen in return.) Other igued as he appeared to be. Hyder of Kings often dine.

February 1973 11 argaret H. Foster and her late husband Lanneau 32 years ago Mformed the Carolina Ballet Company, South Carolina's oldest ballet company and the second old­ est regional group in the nation. " When my husband and I began teaching ballet in Columbia in ested in it. Those years, of course, 1936, I guess you might say that we were before the days of television." were pioneers in the art of ballet in To encourage interest in ballet South Carolina," Mrs. Foster said. during the first years, the Fosters "At that time Atlanta was the only began offering free ballet lessons to city in the South that even had a anyone taking other dance classes. school of classical ballet. The art After only five years of teaching in was so unknown that children had Columbia, they decided the state little opportunity to become inter- had enough talented and serious

students and enough enthusiasm to support a ballet company. So in 1941 they created the Carolina Bal­ let. "We set up the company," Mrs. Foster explained, "to be a special showcase for excellent dancers of ballet and also to be something that would be an incentive for ballet stu­ dents-a goal to work for." Today, more and more young South Carolinians are recognizing ballet's benefits of developing physical beauty, grace and good dis­ cipline, in addition to being an ex­ cellent form of exercise. "I can remember how much I wanted to be a part of the company when I was in the first grade," said Allison Toth, now a 13-year-old eighth grader at Columbia's Hand Middle School and one of the com­ p any' s youngest members. "My -Photo by Ed Andrieski sister was in the ballet company, Left to right: Anita Lane, Dab Bradham and Claudia Platt in Les Patineurs, danced in the ballet company's spring 1971 and I guess then the main reason I production. In addition to the annual spring performance, the wanted to belong was so that I group presents winter ballets in cities across the state. could wear the beautiful costumes

12 Sand lap per play in Mexico, Argentina and Israel. In addition to My Fair Lady, Diehl has appeared in a half dozen original Broadway produc­ tions, and his directing and choreo­ graphing work has carried him to the Los Angeles Civic Light Opera, the St. Louis Municipal Opera and the Kansas City Starlight Theatre. Membership in the Carolina Ballet Company usually includes about 35 dancers aged 11 to 23. The group traditionally presents one spring performance each year in the capital city and often accepts invitations to give winter ballets in cities across the state. Past winter presentations include Les Patineurs, staged in Aiken and shown over South Carolina ETV, and The Nut­ cracker, which was performed in Camden and Aiken. In recent years By Kitty Clarke the troupe has also worked up ballets for special occasions, such as like she did. It wasn't until later that I began to understand that a lot goes into ballet. Then I wanted to become a member of the com­ pany to feel that I had accomplish­ ed something." The Carolina Ballet Company is now operated by the Carolina Academy for the Performing Arts, an organization established in the fall of 1972 to bring a complete professional center for training in music, drama, art and dance to South Carolina. Headquartered in Columbia, the academy, according to its Board Chairman Gene Hud­ son, is a non-profit corporation with the purpose of providing the finest instruction, along with summer workshops and scholar­ ships, for the state's talented youth. The new director of the Carolina Academy and the Carolina Ballet Company is Crandall Diehl, a per­ former, choreographer and director with 25 years' experience in classi­ c al ballet, opera and musical comedy productions. Diehl's back­ ground is highlighted by a 15-year association with My Fair Lady, during which time he served as -r11otos by Richard Taylor dance captain of the original New Members of the Carolina Ballet Company in rehearsal. Many of the dancers have studied ballet for a number of years. An exception was Yark production and directed and 23-year-old Robert Bullock, who danced one of the leads in the choreographed presentations of the company's production last spring after a brief introduction to ballet.

February 1973 13 the tricentennial celebration, the seem to elicit audience response. pany's auditions have been not only South Carolina Photographer's Con­ According to a newspaper review of for those dancers seeking accept­ vention and a 1971 presentation at the company's production last ance into the ballet troupe for the Ft. Jackson. spring, "The performers provided a first time, but also for all present "Traveling to different towns ball for themselves as well as their members of the company. around the state to dance is really audience." "Everyone in the company is re­ exciting," said Claudia Platt, an In addition to providing "a ball," quired to audition each year to 18-year-old former ballerina with the dancing company has formerly make sure that we are all staying up the company, who last fall stud­ donated proceeds from its public with the techniques and constantly ied at the New York School of appearances to a worthy cause. "An improving," Dab Bradham, another Ballet. Evening of Ballet," presented in lead danseuse, said. "Auditions "Many people don't realize that Columbia in May 1971, served as a last one whole Saturday. Judges you need to understand ballet to benefit for the South Carolina first watch the dancers work out at enjoy it," Miss Platt, especially Tuberculosis and Respiratory the bar and then they teach com- remembered for her lead in a 1971 Disease Association. Proceeds from binations to small groups of the excerpt from Swan Lake, added. "Spring Gala '72" went to the dancers. This way the judges can "Ballet isn't always classical; we Richland Memorial Hospital fund see how fast each dancer picks up ended our last spring production, for a linear accelerator used in can­ the combinations." for example, with a series of very cer treatment. At that time no such After their auditions, dancers modern dances to the music of equipment was available in the may be asked to join either the Mason Williams. I hope that our Columbia area. junior or the more advanced senior performances have helped audi­ Auditions for membership in the company of the ballet. Both groups ences understand ballet." Carolina Ballet take place in the dance in company productions; A successful ballet is a communi­ autumn and spring at the Foster junior members usually handle cation between the dancer and the School of Dance studio in Colum­ choral parts. audience, according to another of bia, where the company meets for 0 ften dancers who make the the company's stars, Blanca Maria its daily rehearsals. Judges at the company have been through a Lagunez Otero. "The moment be­ auditions are ballet experts, often number of years of ballet lessons fore I go onstage, I'm terribly former company members now prior to their acceptance. One re­ nervous; but once I'm dancing, I teaching at their own studios. cent exception was 23-year-old give it everything," the 17-year-old "You don't have to be a certain Robert Bullock, who had not native of Mexico said. "And while age or have taken ballet for a cer­ seriously studied ballet when he I'm dancing, I can feel if the audi­ tain number of years to make the was named a member of the Caro­ ence is responding. It's a very sad company," Miss Platt explained. "It lina Ballet. "I became interested in feeling to finish dancing and know all just depends on a dancer's ballet at a pretty late age," Bullock that the audience didn't respond." ability and potential." explained, "although I'd always Most Carolina Ballet dances do For the past few years the com- loved the theatre and I'd danced a

14 Sand lap per little in several plays." Bullock was introduced to ballet after he won the lead in the Columbia Town Theatre's 1972 production of Peter Pan. "I met some people who thought I had potential for ballet and en­ couraged me to study it," he said. After only a few months of rehear­ sals with the Carolina Ballet, Bul­ lock was able to dance one of the leads in Les Bijoux Du Mal at the company's "Spring Gala '72." Since its inception, the Carolina Ballet has had a number of dancers who have gone into careers with professional ballet companies or have danced in Broadway musicals. "Our first success story was Nat Stoudenmire of Bishopville who, under the stage name 'Michael Lland,' became a leading soloist with the Ballet Theatre and the New York City Center Ballet," Mrs. Foster pointed out. "And our most recent success is Peter Garick of Columbia, who at present is dancing principal roles with the Royal Winnipeg Company. He has toured North America, Europe and Australia with the company." In addition to these success stories, Mrs. Foster noted, most of the local ballet companies in South Carolina are headed by dancers who trained with the Carolina Ballet. These include Carl Crosby, head of the Civic Ballet of Aiken, Vicki Spraque of the Regional Civic Bal­ let of Florence, Pat Arnold of the Greenville Metropolitan Civic Ballet Company, Brenda Stephenson of the St. Andrews School of Dance, and Anne Brodie of Calvert-Brodie School of Dance. Thus the Carolina Ballet has spread an awareness of ballet across the state. "One of the best things about ballet," Miss Toth said, "is that if you can dance ballet, you can dance any other dance-tap, ball­ room or jazz-too. But the best thing about ballet is that it's so much fun." Above: Michael Luques and Claudia Platt in a scene from Swan Lake. In the past the company has donated proceeds from performances to worthy causes. Kitty Clarke is a free-lance writer from Columbia.

February 1973 15 BATESBURG ONE OF MORE THAN 75 TOWNS

IN CENTRAL SOUTH CAROLINA SERVED BY W1SRADI056 COLUMBIA, S.C. T* I

•'E

,r f

'Baby Ray' By Roy Ethridge

or thousands of Piedmont and Greenville and Columbia, and of hours of carefree relaxation. Midlands residents who can re­ appeared each night at a different The radio and uptown motion Fcall the post-Depression era, the rural school or community building pictures were the main entertain­ name "Baby Ray" strikes a nostal­ somewhere in South Carolina, ment media for most rural dwellers gic chord. North Carolina, Georgia or Tennes­ during the '30s and '40s. A live Baby Ray-George Dixon Ste­ see. Both on radio and in person, show, such as offered by the Aristo­ wart-was a master musician, gifted the Aristocratic Pigs proved with cratic Pigs, was a refreshing change singer and self-made comedian. He their musical expertise and comedy and provided a treat that otherwise was the star of the late Fisher that no matter how drab or dreary was unavailable. The admission Hendley's popular Aristocratic Pigs, the world might be, one can still charges of 25 cents for adults and a country music group which per­ find time to laugh and escape from 12 cents for children were reason­ formed over radio stations in the grimness of reality for a couple able in those days, and a school

February 1973 17 PT A could count on earning at least With his guitar, Stewart decided their name self-evident. Also, $20 by booking the Aristocratic on a career in music. As the years Hendley imposed a strict rule that Pigs, for a jam-packed crowd was passed, he mastered the instrument the costumes would be worn only virtually assured. A handbill placed and rendered a number of public during a performance-not even to on the bulletin board of a school or performances. He soon realized that and from a performance site. in the window of the local general the field was crowded with guitar Speaking on the success of the store was all that was needed to let players, so he acquired a string bass Aristocratic Pigs, Hendley once said people know the Pigs were coming. and, while perfecting his style, de­ that variety and careful selection of Rural South Carolina was with­ veloped himself as a comedian. musical numbers were major fac­ out electricity for the most part, While working with local amateur tors. As soon as a new number and many of the performances were musical groups, his talent became made its debut from Tin Pan Alley, presented with lighting provided by recognized. Fisher Hendley heard he said, they would "set about to kerosene lanterns. For heat in the of him, observed him performing the mastery of its presentation." wintertime, a red-hot, potbellied and invited him to audition for the Despite their widespread popula­ heater standing in the center of the Aristocratic Pigs. Pleased with the rity the musicians did not accumu­ room was used. audition, Hendley contacted young late a fortune, economic conditions The shows were wholesomely Stewart's father about letting him being as they were. An evidence of clean. A typical show would begin join the group. The elder Stewart this is contained in a letter from with all performers joining in wrote, "Mr. Hendley, he is a good Hendley to Stewart: "You will find several numbers, spiced in between boy, and if you think you can feed enclosed royalty check in the by artful remarks from Hendley, and clothe him, and pay him a little amount of eighteen cents. This the master of ceremonies and a money after he learns to play covers the last settlement that I re­ master musician himself, holding better, take him. I won't worry, as I ceived from the record company." the title of "champion banjo feel satisfied he will do his best and But the Pigs did enjoy a comfort­ picker." Hendley then would intro­ behave, as I have worked hard to able living and did not have to rely duce the individual members of the bring him up and teach him to do on outside income through other group for special presentations. what is right." work to make ends meet. Some of Sam Poplin played the violin, Baby That was in 1936, when Stewart their recordings netted more than Ray the bass fiddle, "Little Boy was 20 years old. Baby Ray made 18 cents. Blue" Hampton Bradley the guitar his niche in show business, and the After three years of success, the and "Cousin" Ezra Roper the popularity of the Aristocratic Pigs group decided to enter the big time accordian. The climax would be the grew by leaps and bounds. The field. They packed their suitcases introduction of Baby Ray, who music-comedy group was billed as and instruments and made a tour of earlier would have slipped offstage the best show of its type in the New York, performing over radio to dress in baby garb. (Stewart took South. For three consecutive years, stations WOR, WMCA and WEAF. his nickname from a character in a the group ranked as a favorite They also made public appearances grade school reading primer.) He among radio listeners and hardly at such fashionable places as the would make a grand appearance on­ missed a night giving one-night Village Barn, the Brown Derby and stage, crack jokes which drew stands in a four-state area. Their Washington Heights Club. But the howls, and conclude with the sing­ spectacular popularity was envied strenuous routine of the city and an ing of "Blue Eyes," a selection that by groups who tried to duplicate inborn love for the South prompted held the audience spellbound. This their style; such attempts were them to return. Shortly thereafter, number never got old with audi­ futile in most cases. they were back in radio over 12 sta­ ences; it was always expected of Though specializing in country tions called the Dixie Network. Per­ Baby Ray. music and humor, the Aristocratic sonal appearances were resumed, Born in Saluda County, Stewart Pigs eschewed the hillbilly costumes though not to the extent as before. moved with his family to Ninety worn by many other musical com­ In the early 1940s, Stewart de­ Six when he was five years old. He binations of the day; instead, they cided to leave the Aristocratic Pigs got the music bug when the family wore black or white split-tailed and form his own group. Naturally, attended a performance by a local coats and top hats. Hendley insisted this was a jolt to Hendley, but the 'string band. From that day his most that the members of the group departure was under the best of ardent wish was'to own a guitar. At pride themselves on their attire, conditions, and a deep relationship last, he received one for Christmas. making the "aristocratic" part of between the two remained through-

18 Sandlapper George Dixon Stewart (Baby Ray), once the star of the Aristocratic Pigs, left that group in the early '40s to form his own, Baby Ray and the Country Cousins, left. Clockwise from front left are Stewart, Bud Boling, Broadus "Blackie" Chapman, Arthur Smith.

and public appearances came rather easily. Besides a radio show, the Country Cousins specialized in per­ sonal appearances. The late Roger Pearce, publisher of the Greenville News and the Greenville Piedmont, was entertained by the group on his 50th birthday. Also on hand for this occasion was the renowned South Carolina Statesman James F. Byrnes. Like many other going enter­ prises at the time, the Country Cousins ceased to exist after the Japane~e attacked Pearl Harbor and heralded World War II. While serv­ ing in the U.S. Army in Japan, Stewart, then the father of a daugh­ ter, Sandra, faced a dilemma: After the war, should he resume his role as a musician and entertainer-re­ g u iring him to spend days and often weeks away from his family­ or launch a new career? Giving up the life of an entertainer would be no easy thing to do, he knew. Yet, he was haunted by the prospect of his daughter's being partly deprived of a father. 0 ne day while sight-seeing in out the rest of their lives. was Arthur Smith. Stewart's wife Japan, Stewart saw a barn-like Stewart's new group was billed as took music lessons from a private structure that captured his atten­ Baby Ray and the Country Cousins. tutor to prepare herself, and be­ tion. He conceived the idea of Some of the original members of came an accomplished accordianist building a similar structure back the group were Larry Huffman, for the group. home, and set out drawing up plans Billy Tucker, Carl Campbell and Unlike the Aristocratic Pigs, the for it. The structure would be used Earl Dover. The late Verner Tate, a Country Cousins dressed in Western during weekdays as an auction barn popular radio (and later television) attire, and their radio programs and on Saturdays and special holi­ announcer at Greenville and Spar­ came "direct from the bunkhouse." days for square dances-with music tanburg, was the master of cere­ Of course, Baby Ray was the star provided by his own band. This, monies. Another member of the attraction. With his name already Stewart reasoned, would allow him original group, who today is widely well known among country music to continue his music career while known in the country music world, fans, sponsors for the radio show providing him a business interest

February 1973 19 which would keep him close to the family. The idea lingered after he was discharged from the Army. After a brief stint as a deejay for Radio WFBC in Greenville, he chose a site for the auction barn-to be named Rhythm Ranch-on the outskirts of Greenville. At the time, the area was undeveloped, but to­ day, to a great degree through Stewart's efforts, it is the bustling community of Taylors. Stewart proved he was as talent­ ed a businessman as entertainer by purchasing property, starting hous­ ing developments and encouraging new businesses and industries to locate in the area. As the popula­ tion of Taylors grew, new churches were organized. One large Baptist church had its beginning at the Rhythm Ranch, which was used as a sanctuary until a new structure could be built. The Rhythm Ranch enjoyed ever-increasing popularity. Square dance buffs from a wide area still consider square dancing at the Ranch a Saturday night must. At the dances, Stewart would join the musicians, sing a number or two, and dance with the crowd. The Rhythm Ranch band made a num­ ber of records under the Fox Re­ ANYONE CAN BURN a rick of wood to ashes. It takes cord Co. ( of Columbia) label. Two of the more popular recordings skill to get charcoal to smooth out Jack Daniel's. were "I Hope My Dream Will Never Come True" and "Angel Sweet­ We only use hard maple from high ground. And it has to heart." On Dec. 2, 1971, Stewart was be sawed and stacked just right so the burning charcoal seized by a cerebral hemorrhage and died three days later. His pass­ ing brought many tributes from drops inward. Then you need to control the burn by pointing throughout the United States and foreign countries. The Greenville a water hose to it in just the right News stated in an editorial: "The places. We don't know which of CHARCOAL recent death of 'Baby Ray,' the MELLOWED entertainer, and George Dixon these steps is the most important. Stewart, the all-around good citi­ 6 zen, strikes a note of sadness in Bue the sippin' smoothness our many hearts. He will be long re­ DROP membered through his lasting con­ charcoal gives Jack Daniel's makes tributions to this growing region." 6 Thus, another passing era is out BY DROP each of chem well worthwhile. of sight, but not forgotten.

TENN ES SEE WHISKEY • 90 PROOF c, 1972, Jack Daniel Distillery, Lem Matlow, Prop ., Inc. Roy Ethridge is a free-lance writer DISTILLED AND BOTTLED BY JACK DANIEL DISTILLERY• LYNCHBURG (POP . 361), TENNESSEE from Anderson.

20 Sand lap per wonder about a fellow like W. R . lakes are better than any from else­ Livingston. where in America and are just as I He wants everybody in the good as the ones they catch in the world to join in eating king-sized Zuider Zee." platters of eels. Just don't pass any Livingston is so enthusiastic to him. Eating an eel is "something about his stock-in-trade that he I'd rather not think about," gri­ talks as if all eels should be gold­ maces this genial purveyor of water plated and hung on your dining snakes to some of the finest tables room wall. "Examine that beauty," in America and Europe. he says, pointing to a slimy piece of r What started out as a business of merchandise in the bottom of a getting rid of a product he could weighing scale in his small packing not even give away has grown in and icing plant. His "beauty" lies less than 20 years into a highly pro­ motionless with eyes half closed. I fitable enterprise. Today, the W.R. look at the two greenish pounds of Livingston Fish Co. ices down some four-foot-long oiliness and wonder 150,000 pounds of eels per year at how Livingston can even hope any­ its headquarters outside Moncks body could digest something like Corner and rushes them by sea and that. air at 45 cents an uncooked pound "They're great-taste just like to the Benelux countries and Ger­ baked ham-once they've been many. Over there, people with stom­ smoked properly," my graying achs less squeamish than those of escort of middle years and good Americans cannot get enough of temperament offers with a grin. It them. "I could sell 1,000 times is purely a sales pitch. I have not more than that if I could just get forgotten that he has already told them," Livingston cheerfully com­ me, "When I eat one I try to think plains. about something else." As far as he knows, he is the only According to the Columbia En­ eel salesman in South Carolina and cyclopedia, an eel is "an edible fish one of the few in America. Accord­ of the family Anguillidae of order ing to reports coming from Europe, Apodes" found in the European he need not be concerned about North Atlantic waters and the competition on this side of the Mediterranean. (No mention is Atlantic. "The Germans and the made of the Santee-Cooper lakes, Dutch claim that the eels we're where Livingston says there are so taking out of the Santee-Cooper many hundreds of thousands of eels '"

l: -, ...... ··-

Gourmands By Tom Harr1rick

February 1973 21 Left: A mass of eels is dumped into a chilling vat. The Livingston Fish Co . has its own ice maker to provide blocks for chilling and shipping.

Near right: Eels are transferred from a trap to a freezer box before being cleaned.

Center right: Gutting is the only cleaning process done to fresh eels. The heads are left on their bodies to retain oil.

Far right: After being gutted, the eels are chilled prior to freezing and shipment. Fresh eels are moved out within hours after their capture.

Lake Moultrie. Too, he had some new ideas he felt should be injected into the business of catching "cats." Today he is a major supplier of catfish on the east coast and plans to turn 4 7 acres of property near his fish house into a giant cat­ fish farm. Nearly 40 persons in his employ prepare catfish and eels for thousands of appetites in this country and abroad. Although the sale of eels is skyrocketing, catfish is still his major stock-in-trade; last year he sold about a quarter of a million pounds. He now has to consult his bookkeeper on sales statistics be­ cause the business is growing so rapidly he can no longer keep track swishing around that they occasion­ round trips run into thousands ·of of his finny empire without some­ ally clog the wheelworks at the miles, the encyclopedia contends. body first doing the arithmetic. Santee dam.) Minute scales Livingston got into the fish and Livingston tumbled into eeling embedded in their skin cover the eel business in Moncks Corner while fully by chance. By the thousands snake-like bodies. Young eels hatch heeding the call of opportunity. A they were slithering into herring­ as "tiny, flattened, transparent lar­ native of Florida, he operated a re­ baited traps set in the lakes to lure vae which travel back to ancestral tail fish market in the Bamberg area catfish. "We didn't know what to shores.'' At mating time, they mi­ in the early '50s. He moved to do with all the eels we were getting grate back to the breeding grounds, Berkeley County 20 years ago to be in the traps," he recalls. The wire reproduce and die. Some of the nearer his catfish supply source- traps are spotted throughout the

22 Sand lap per j

lake area by the 12 to 15 people But those Yankee fish peddlers Dutch. But he learned that Euro­ who serve in Livingston's inland are "tricky" folk, Livingston as­ pean eels are in short supply a navy and sally forth daily to unload serts, and he avoids doing business couple of winter months each year. catches. "We couldn't even give with them anymore, particularly Once Dutch and German buyers them away. Most people are scared since the people in the Netherlands tasted his product, Livingston of eels, and those who aren't afraid and Germany are taking all he can found himself a world marketeer. of them still won't handle one on a ship. "The wholesalers in New York His eel shipments are finding their bet." figure out when the peak of the eel way into the most elite restaurants Livingston said he figured, "May­ season is, when they're assured of in western Europe. be if we tried out the New York supplies from other places, too, and But eels in themselves are as market, where we were selling cats, they cut the price to the bone," tricky as some market men, Living­ we could find somebody up there Livingston complains. The northern ston notes. For example, there is who might like them." That was 15 marketeers know the last thing Liv­ quite a difference in the taste of a years ago. They packed about 800 ingston wants is several thousand Cooper River eel and a Santee lakes pounds of eels in with the catfish pounds of iced eel returned. "I've eel, even though they are brothers' and sent them north. His produce seen them cut the price for a pound of the slime. Only the Santee eel moves on consignment, and he of eel down to four cents." That, lends itself to smoking. The Cooper knew he had little more to lose Livingston grumbles, will not begin River eel has ·1ess oil. The Dutch than the cost of freight and ice for to cover the cost of ice and rail smoked one order of Cooper River his test case. He had no idea what charges. eels instead of boiling them, as they eels were worth, and was pleasantly Livingston began looking for an­ should have, and Livingston could surprised when the northern market other market several years ago. hear the Dutch wholesaler scream­ swept them up at 25 cents a pound Initially he did not give Europe ing all the way across the ocean. He and asked for more. An accommo­ great consideration because he be­ sped his son Bill, his vice-president, dating man, Livingston happily lieved a wealth of seafood pros­ to Europe to straighten out the obliged, and in the years since he pered in the rivers and lakes of the diplomatic and cash register prob- has seen the price of raw eels on the Continent, thriving particularly in lem. ~ New York market rise to as much the brackish waters of the Zuider Since 1957, Livingston has seen as 45 cents a pound. Zee, the handmade sea of the his eel business grow by leaps and

February 1973 23 closed like a fish's, suddenly open up wide, like a chicken's." But beauties though they may be, they do nothing to help Living­ ston financially during that period. "When they get the urge to mate • and turn silver, they stop eating and you couldn't catch one in a trap if your life depended on it," Living- ston says. Eels which find their way to the Livingston fish house are gutted, packed in ice, and moved out within hours. The heads are retained on the body "so the oil won't run out," he reports. Some of his ship­ ments leave by air from Charleston. Others are hauled by one or more of his fleet of four freezer trucks to Savannah or Jacksonville for sea transport. The mode of transit de­ pends on how urgently his clients need his wares. Berkeley County eels may be as good as anything hauled from the Zuider Zee, but over there, only the wholesale broker knows their A 25-pound bag of eels is boxed for freezing and shipment. Livingston origin. The time was when Living­ sends Santee-Cooper eels to New York and abroad to the Benelux countries. ston packed eels weighing up to 11 pounds and four feet in length and shipped them in 25-pound waxed bounds. That first year he shipped "A million dollars worth of eels a cardboard boxes bearing the legend, perhaps 15,000 pounds to New year float down that river." Unfor­ W. R. Livingston Fish Company, York-roughly 7,500 eels. Already tunately, fishing by net is ( 1) Moncks Corner, S. C. But no long­ his European market alone is 10 against the law if you impede river er. Old-fashioned economics erased times as much. navigation and (2) very disappoint­ the plug lines for both himself and As far as he knows, Livingston is ing when you find a net costing as his hometown. The carton bearing the first man in South Carolina to much as $4,000 has been stolen or his name and address was costing purposely catch eels in herring­ vandalized overnight. Also, the Livingston 44 cents. He found he baited traps. Heretofore, the few king's share of his product must be enjoyed anonymity at a lesser cost people who did like eels caught taken from the lakes because of the of 16 cents; besides, his boxes were them on trotlines-or by sheer lower sales appeal of the drier­ being seen by a limited number of accident. Virtually all the eels Liv­ tasting river eels. people, ending at the point where ingston sells are cavght in traps, but But there is more to it than the meat was smoked for sale. now and then his fishermen at­ simply oil content, Livingston says. I thanked the Livingstons for tempt to seine some with nets. It is For whatever it may be worth to their enlightening report on eels always a gamble, at best. The nets you, Livingston thinks Santee eels and prepared to hie home. Living­ are placed downriver from the San­ are prettier. The Cooper River clan ston shook hands but did not offer tee lakes when the eels are en route have ugly, blunt noses, Livingston me an eel for company. to deep sea waters to breed. "You points out, while the ones from the I had forewarned him by turning wouldn't believe it, but I've stood Santee are sharp nosed, and during white a couple of times. on the banks of the Cooper during their mating seasons, "about every spawning season and you can actu­ seven years," the Santee eels "turn Lt. Col. USA (Ret.) Tom Hamrick ally see masses of them moving a beautiful silver color and their is a free-lance writer from Mount downstream," Livingston claims. eyes, which are normally half- Pleasant.

24 Sand lap per 1 Saint Bernards sans Ice and Snow

By Katharine S. Boling

he St. Bernard, a dog of enor­ mous heart and proportions Twho once was almost an un­ known breed in South Carolina, is moving down from his icy climes and is seen more and more fre­ quently in this part of the country. Southern breeders explain that the new interest in the dogs stems partially from the increased use of air conditioning during the period of unbearable heat. St. Bernards, extremely large and possessed of thick, warm coats, have not in the past weathered comfortably the hot weather and humidity common to our climate. Another reason for their in­ creased importation here is that in­ creased transportation facilities allow quick shipment from breeders in other parts of the country. The St. Bernard has an illustrious history. It is a breed of working dog Mentheon on the Great Saint Ber­ buried in the snow and for leading which originated in Europe some­ nard Pass in the Swiss Alps, east of rescuers back to the hospice during time before the Christian era and Mount Blanc. The dogs were used snowstorms, have saved an estimat­ probably descended from a large by the monks of the hospice at first ed 2,500 lives. Originally known by Asiatic dog brought to Europe by as watchdogs and to help rescue other names, the dog received its Roman soldiers. The most impor­ persons lost in the snowdrifts of the present name in the 19th century. tant center for the breeding and locality. In the past 300 years the Few other canines have been the employment of the dogs has been, dogs, whose power of scent and subjects of such legendary tales. since the middle of the 17th cen­ sense of direction particularly qua­ Best known, of course, are the tury, the Hospice of St. Bernard De lify them for detecting persons stories of their dramatic rescue

February 1973 25 Enormous even as puppies, St. Bernards accompany hikers, skiers and The five- or six-week-old puppy are playful but gentle. The breed is climbers. Their so-called "sixth looks quite substantial, weighing the subject of numerous legends. sense" which often warns of ap­ eight to ten pounds, and is as soft Contrary to stories, they do not carry as a teddy bear. His size belies the brandy kegs to revive fallen Alpine proaching avalanches is almost as travelers. (The small keg around the famous as their rescue attempts. fact that he is still very much a neck of this Carolina resident is only Contrary to certain stories, how­ youngster. His coordination is an adornment used at dog shows.) ever, these dogs carry no brandy wobbly, he is as fragile as any kegs nor spirits of any kind on mis­ young animal, and he requires fre­ sions, but rely entirely upon their quent naps. body heat to revive a fallen one. Although there are always varia­ attempts in the rugged Alps. A lost The size of the dog's appetite is tions among dogs in any single traveler has no chance to combat another legendary story that is sim­ breed-and you cannot discount the the fierce terrain, biting wind and ply untrue. Certainly he eats more influence of their early training­ deep snows. The dogs of the Hos­ than a terrier, but a dog's appetite most St. Bernards have a delightful pice of St. Bernard were trained to does not increase geometrically in disposition, and their size does not find the miserable one and share proportion to its size; a 20-pound mean they cannot be incredibly the warmth of their shaggy frames dog does not eat twice as much as a gentle. They are not reputed to be with the chilled body of the travel­ 10-pound dog, nor four times as barkers, nor do they necessarily er, meanwhile barking furiously to much as a 5-pound dog. The St. care to roam, as a pup of a sporting attract attention. Although today Bernard generally is not as active as breed might. travelers more often use the high­ a hunting breed of much smaller The dog has a massive skull; a way, St. Bernards are still used in proportions, and consequently he short muzzle; medium-sized, droop­ the Brenner Pass, and they often does not require as much energy. ing ears; brown eyes that have an

26 Sand lap per KEEP OUR SYMBOL OF FREEDOM FLYING HIGH

The magnificent American Bald Eagle is in danger. Today, there are less than half as many eagles left in North America as there were twenty years ago. To Blame? Loss of nesting sites, disturbance by civilization, possible chemical-caused infertility, and above all, illegal shooting. Georgia-Pacific is preserving eagle nesting trees wherever they are found on company timberlands and as a public service G-P has printed posters designed to help protect America's national symbol. The ,, __.,.,, \l.\\1 ) ,\ · . eagle is not the only wildlife species G-P foresters are helping ~...... , ~' 1 ,\ .· to protect. Here in the South our foresters are preserving ...... 11 1 • \'i nesting trees of the endangered Red -cockaded woodpecker

• 1';, . . ' \, and G-P has established a black bear sanctuary in the ·"" '· , , .• 1 Green Swamp of North Carolina. Conservation of wild­ ,<;;;;/' ~,,~•f,: life has proven its compatibility with multiple use -,r management of commercial forests, but when special efforts are necessary to protect en - .... "1/ dangered species, G-P foresters are doing ff / \ their part to help. If you would like to ~ ·tiI ·" .,. help protect the endangered Bald Eagle 1&· with the aid of our free eagle posters, specify the size (8% x 11 or 10 x 17) and number needed and send your request to: In Mr.Richard A. Good, Georgia-Pacific Corp­ oration, P.O. Box 909, Augusta, Georgia, l 30903.

GEOR~CIFIC GRO W ING FOR ESTS FOR E V ER

J expression of sagacity and good nature; a strong neck; broad, slop­ ing shoulders; a broad back; and a long, heavy tail which terminates in a blunt tip. Two types exist: one with a dense, smooth coat of short hair, the other with a coat of mod­ erately long hair. The second type developed after 1830, when the Qlnnk'!i breed was crossed with the New­ foundland. 1773 flap In color, the St. Bernard is pre­ dominantly either white or red. The standards of the perfect St. Ber­ nf @)nutQ Qlarnltua nard, as defined by the American Kennel Club, include various com­ binations of the two colors. The following white markings are al­ ways present: nose band (white muzzle), blaze, chest, legs and tip of tail. Very black shadings on the face-called the mask-and ears are typical. The height at the shoulder of the dog is 70 centimeters (27 .56 inches), or 65 centimeters for the more delicately built female. Gen­ erally, the mature dog will weigh 120 to 200 pounds. Those who strongly advocate the St. Bernard as the finest of the breeds available to man do so with regard to their characteristic bulk: They frankly say that only a dog as large as the St. Bernard could pos­ sibly house all the fine and noble This carefully reproduced map of the province of qualities for which the breed is South Carolina includes all the riv ers, creeks, bays, noted. inle t s, fe rries, churches, towns, and provincial Our personal experience has boundary lines. Also includes inserts of plans for borne out most of these extrava­ Charleston, Camden, Beaufort, and Georgetown. gant claims. While our own dog has Printed on heavy stock ivory paper similar to that never been called upon to perform of the original 18th century map. Suitable for any dramatic rescue attempts, she framing. 25 x 28 inches. has proved to be a fun-loving com­ $5.00 (Add 50 cents for postage and handling.) panion to seven children, and her delight is romping with them on the beach and in the surf. She has been unbelievably gentle with the young­ est members of the family and a de­ voted friend to the adults. The only disadvantage which we have so far discovered is that she cannot possibly fit comfortably in the rear seat of a Volkswagen.

Katharine S. Boling, from Pam­ Send order to Sandlapper Press, Inc., P. 0. Box 1668, Columbia, S. C. 29202. plico, is the author of A Piece of the Fox's Hide, recently published by Sandlapper Press, Inc.

28 Sand lap per fAt ,,,k tAAt All,, ~,14tA ~M,lfttA ff tAlkftt~ A,,14t_ N,11J ftt ftf tA.," '4f1tti1t~!

Katharine Boling's best-selling novel A PIECE OF THE FOX'S HIDE sold out its first and second printings within weeks of its release. Now it's back in print and available at better bookstores everywhere. Or use order form in this magazine.

$8.50

sandlapper press, inc. Scarboroughs to Sharks' THE COLLECTION OF THE FLORENCE :

30 Sand lap per By Gene Waddel I

ost visitors to the Florence and Florence did not have one. Museum are astonished to dis­ Miss Evans wrote immediately to Mcover that it has one of the members of the Blue Bird Tea finest collections of any small Room Committee, a group of com­ museum in the United States. A munity volunteers who had raised short answer to the question visi­ funds for the war effort and had ~ tors most frequently ask ("How?") several thousand dollars left over is that the museum's founder got when World War I ended. Her en­ the program off to a good start thusiasm convinced the committee with several wise purchases, and that it could not pass up such an nearly 200 individuals have made opportunity, and it put up the contributions in the past 48 years. money to found the Florence Mu­ In 1924 Miss Jane Beverly Evans seum. was traveling and painting in the Ceramics similar to the ones Southwest when she learned that which were purchased are practi­ _J the Museum of New Mexico in cally unobtainable now at any Santa Fe had a large collection of price, particularly works by Indian pottery it was willing to sell. Nampeyo and by Maria Martinez. She examined the fabulous collec­ Altogether, the museum bought 78 tion and decided Florence was go­ whole vessels representing every ing to have it. The only problem major type in the Southwest from was that the museum would sell the the 11th to the 20th centuries. ceramics only to another museum, Miss Evans thought of the ce-

' Teeth -, ..J MUSEUM

February 1973 31 -All photos by John Poindexter

Chinese fresco, believed to be from the T'ang Dynasty (A. D. 618-906)

"Marion Crossing the Pee Dee " by Edward Arnold, 1857

Roman bronze satyr, 200 B. C.

\ t Egyptian bronze cat, Saite Period (663-525 B. C.) Chinese platter, mid-Ch'ing Dynasty (1723-1735)

32 Sand lap per Southwest Indian vase by Maria Marti­ nez of San Ildefonso Pueblo, c. 1920

"Evening" by William H. Johnson, c. 1940-41

ramies as works of art. The Museum of New Mexico was willing to sell them as "duplicate anthropological specimens." In founding a museum specifically for these works, she created one of the first museums of Chinese Buddha primitive art in the world. Nearly Chinese Imperial costume, late Ming Dynasty ( 16th- 17th centuries ) three decades passed before most embroidered silk, c. 1900 museums of fine art began to rea­ lize that the visual significance of such material is of far greater im­ portance than its scientific signifi­ cance. On her return from the South­ west, Miss Evans became the mu­ seum's first curator and devoted her full attention to the museum until her death in 1950. Not only did she serve without pay, she purchased many outstanding works herself and contributed them. She gave a Chinese painting which is one of William H. Scarborough the finest and probably one of the self-portrait, c. 1835

February 1973 33 oldest in the United States, a gar­ longed to the imperial family. terested in the museum, and over a den gate of red-lacquered and In the difficult transition period three-year period Carlebach and gilded rosewood, and many other after Miss Evans' death, the mu­ eight of his friends contributed works of art. She also convinced seum continued to progress with nearly 300 works of art, a collec­ her friends and family of the mu­ the guidance and support of many tion of 19th-century African sculp­ seum's value and talked them into dedicated trustees and auxiliary ture, two antique Korean paintings, making major contributions. Ralph members. State Sen. E. N. "Nick" an 18th-century Chinese imperial Van Deman Magoffin, former direc­ Zeigler was elected president in rug, an anthropomorphic Peruvian tor of the American Academy in 1951. Once the museum was finally vessel and an important pair of Rome, gave several hundred Egypt­ able to acquire its own building in Chinese T'ang Dynasty figurines ian, Greek and Roman artifacts he 1954, he secured a qualified full­ (A.D. 618-906). had collected during his lifetime. time director for the program. Beginning in 1954, Miss Flora The William A. Evanses (a brother) Director Jerome Donson got New Barringer became one of the mu­ gave a superbly carved Buddha. York Art Dealer Julius Carlebach in- seum's most generous benefactors. Thomas Evans (another brother) She has contributed an entire gal­ gave his entire collection of more lery of antiques, including a magni­ Miss Jane Beverly Evans founded ficent 18th-century English Wor­ than 200 works of art and donated the museum by persuading a com­ more than $40,000. Mrs. James D. munity group to purchase an Indian cester bowl and a graceful Empire Evans Sr. (a sister-in-law) gave valu­ pottery collection in 1924. She then writing desk (and very few pieces of able real estate which, sold and served as the museum's first curator. Empire furniture can be called added to Thomas Evans' gift, en­ graceful). abled the museum to purchase the Since 1956 the museum has re­ Lawton residence in 1954 and an ceived the major bequest of adjacent building in 1969. Until Thomas Evans and scores of smaller 1954 the museum was in the Flor­ collections. Evans' gift included a ence Public Library. The Lawton Sevres vase nearly three feet tall residence, a 26-room international with scenes of Napoleon at Jena, style building, gave the museum and two Oriental cloisonne vases more than five times as much floor more than twice as large. space for exhibits. The other build­ The museum now has six ing, named the Evans Research paintings by 19th-century Portrait Center, is used primarily for the Artist William H. Scarborough, in­ storage and study of the collection. cluding his self portrait, making it The museum places as much im­ the largest collection of his work in portance on keeping its collection any museum. The Smithsonian's in good condition as on adding to National Collection of Fine Arts it. contributed two paintings by Wil­ The museum was incorporated in liam H. Johnson so that he could be 1936 and the first trustees were well represented in his hometown. elected. The first president, Marion [An article on Johnson appears in D. Lucas Sr., helped Miss Evans the March 1972 issue of Sand­ gain the financial support of the lapper.] community's business leadership. The museum has hundreds of In 1941 the museum was able to other valuable objects. Three final purchase the entire Florence Night­ examples are an ancient Indian ingale League collection of Chinese burial urn and cover from Florence art. Mrs. League and her husband, County, a 26- to 37-million-year­ T. J. League, were missionaries in old shark's tooth more than four China when the last dynasty fell in inches long from Lake Marion, and 1912. They were able to acquire the silver cup presented to Florence quality examples of almost every Harlee when the town of Florence period and type of Chinese art from was named for her about 1854. a Shang dynasty bronze wine con­ tainer (c. 1500-1100 B.C.) to con­ Gene Waddell is director of the temporary costumes which had be- Florence Museum.

34 Sand lap per The R. L. Bryan Company .,, Greystone Executive Park .,, Columbia, South Carolina Great-Grandma -mi-as a Natural Cook By Mary Hassage

ave you been startled by recent mushrooming new trend toward that are grown in soils rich in or­ news items concerning the ban natural foods. ganic matter. They are not treated Hof cyclamates, evidence of Newcomers to the movement are with chemical fertilizers or pesti­ breakfast cereals dangerously low in apt to think natural food recipes cides. The idea of natural foods nutritional content, stories of rats consist of rare and unusual foods grown in an organic manner is as who died on a diet of "enriched" prepared in an exotic manner. Not old as man. white bread, secrecy surrounding so. Many if not most of the ingre- If you take pride in traditional U.S. Department of Agriculture tests clients comprising natural food diets Southern cooking you do not have on growth hormones 'used in feed­ are familiar items. There is nothing to start from scratch in learning to lots, and surveys showing marked mysterious about organic food pro- enjoy natural, organic foods. Since dietary deficiencies? If so, you ducts, either; organic foods are the diet of health food advocates is should take a close look at the those vegetables, fruits and grains remarkably similar to that of our

36 Sand lap per great-grandparents, all you need do okra pilau, which remain in popu­ Many health food stores and is dig out many of your great-grand­ larity even today. When preparing even supermarkets have begun sup­ mother's recipes and use the same pilau, remember that the brown rice plying organically grown vegetables. wholesome ingredients she used. is preferred by natural cooks be­ Farmers' markets abound in the The African trade in the late cause it contains more protein and South, and a few inquiries should 1600s brought such foods to the vitamins than white rice. lead you to those farmers who raise Carolina shores as sesame seeds, re­ Despite mercury scares, most of their crops organically. But if all ferred to locally as "benne" seeds. the fish we buy today is a superior attempts fail, the cook can get all One of the earliest seed crops culti­ health food. Seafood is high in the way back to the earth by grow­ vated by man, sesame seeds abound minerals and the essential body­ ing her own garden. Ideally, those in protein and have an unusually building proteins and has always vegetables selected should be dew high calcium content. An early been abundant in the inlets and fresh. As soon as they are picked Charleston specialty known as creeks of the Carolina coast. (Where their sugar begins turning to starch "benne brittle" has recently been else can you hear the vendors call­ for storage. The sooner you get the enthusiastically adopted by young ing, "Swimpee, raw, raw swimpee"?) vegetables onto the table the more health food addicts in places as far Tiny shrimps are delicious sauteed rich sugar flavor they retain. away as California. in butter and served with hominy A delicate vegetable popular in A whole grain revival is taking for breakfast. But the most famous old Charleston was "chainey briar," place in this country today. Young and intriguing delicacy is She Crab or wild asparagus. Another favorite, people concerned with ecology and Soup. Prepared with butter, cream succotash, a combination of corn a better use of our natural resources and the eggs of "she crabs," it is an and beans, was first served to white are discovering that cooking with authentic creation of particularly settlers by the Indians. And all whole grains is one good way to re­ high protein quality. good Southern cooks have a favo­ store man's relationship with rite recipe for candied sweet pota­ nature. Our great-grandmothers toes, each varying in types and who used only whole grain, stone­ quantities of spices. ground products were renowned for Southern desserts are not with­ their baking. Housewives across the out their own organic and health country are discovering, often to food qualities. Blackstrap molasses the dismay of commercial bakers, has been a staple in southern cup­ that baking their own bread is not boards for years, as has honey. Or­ as much hard work as propaganda ganic cooking favors the use of may have led them to believe. honey and molasses over refined One of the most distinctive fea­ white sugar. When substituting tures of "down south" vittles is the molasses for sugar, it is best to use significant quantities of corn we three-fourths cup of molasses for eat. On the cob or off, ground into each cup of sugar. Honey, on the meal, baked, fried, stewed or boil­ other hand, may be substituted for ed, it is a southern classic. Health sugar in a recipe in equal amounts. food authorities stress the nutri­ Baked goods made with honey take tional value of stone-ground wheat flour that contains all of the natural wheat germ. The best cornmeal is also stone-ground, with the germs still in the corn. Charleston was the birthplace of rice in America, and many southern rice recipes have been in constant use for more than a century and a half. Some of the most famous rice dishes are variations of pilau (pilaf). The w01d pilau refers to a Near Eastern dish of cooked rice and other ingredients. Pilau came west­ ward with the slave trade and Charlestonians promptly whipped up such combinations as shrimp pilau, tomato pilau and tomato-

February 1973 37 up moisture from the air and stay WHEAT GERM HUSH PUPPIES AWENDAW

moist longer than those made with 21/2 cups stone-ground cornmeal 1/2 cup stone-ground cornmeal sugar; many baked goods made 1h cup wheat germ 1,4 cup wheat germ with honey improve with age. 1 1/2 tsp. salt 11/2 cups cooked hominy If you feel that the emotional ex­ 2 eggs 11/z cups milk 11/z cups buttermilk 3 eggs, lightly beaten perience of eating has. been dimin­ 4 tsp. baking powder 11/2 tbsp. butter ished by the processed foods of to­ 1 tsp. black pepper day, dust off your cookbooks and 1 cup onion, chopped fine While hominy is still hot, add get back to the once glorious ex­ butter and eggs. Gradually add milk perience of eating natural, organic Mix all ingredients well. Drop by and, when well mixed, add corn­ foods. teaspoonfuls into hot oil and fry meal, wheat germ and salt. The until crisp and golden brown. batter should be like thick custard. NATURAL CORN BREAD Pour into baking dish and bake in a 1 tbsp. butter PHILPY 375-degree oven 35 minutes. Serve

4 cups stone-ground cornmeal I/2 cup milk directly from baking dish with lots 1/z tsp. salt 1/2 cup flour or stone-ground cornmeal of butter. 1 tsp. baking powder 1/2 tsp. salt 2 eggs, lightly beaten 1/2 cup cooked brown rice 1 % cups buttermilk 3 tsp. melted butter Preheat oven to 375 degrees. Put 1 egg, well beaten butter in a 10-inch iron skillet and Add salt to cornmeal. Stir in milk. place in oven to melt the butter. In Mash rice and combine with mix­ a large bowl combine cornmeal, salt ture. Add butter and eggs. Bake in and baking powder. Add eggs and shallow pan in 400-degree oven for milk. Stir until blended. Remove 30 minutes. Serve warm with lots skillet from oven and tilt to coat of butter. the bottom and sides with butter. Pour batter into the hot pan and place in oven. Bake 30-35 minutes. Makes enough for 8 hungry people.

38 Sand lap per MOLASSES PECAN PIE NATURAL PIECRUST 1/., cup butter 1 % cups whole wheat pastry flour 1/z cup raw sugar SWEET POTATO PIE l/2 cup wheat germ 1 cup molasses 1 /2 tsp. salt 1/., tsp. salt 3 large sweet potatoes 2/3 cup lard 1/., tsp. allspice 1 cup raw honey 1/., cup ice-cold water 3 eggs 2 eggs 1 % cups butter Sift into mixing bowl flour, wheat 1112 cups pecan halves 1 9-inch unbaked piecrust 1 tsp. orange rind germ and salt. Cut shortening into Dash cinnamon dry ingredients with a pastry cutter Cream butter and gradually add Dash nutmeg or 2 knives. Mix only enough water sugar; beat until light and fluffy. Dash allspice necessary to make the dough stick Add molasses, salt and spice and 1 9-inch unbaked piecrust together. Cover dough and, ideally, beat well. Beat in eggs 1 at a time. Cook sweet potatoes until tender. place in refrigerator for at least 1 Stir in 1 cup of pecans. Pour mix­ Drain and mash. While still hot add hour. Divide dough into 2 equal ture into piecrust and put re­ other ingredients. Beat well. Turn parts and pat quickly into flat balls. mainder of pecans on top of pie. into piecrust. Bake 45 minutes to 1 Roll out for 1 double crust ( or 2 Bake in 350-degree oven 50-60 hour at 37 5 degrees. singles). Chill in refrigerator again minutes, or until a knife comes out before filling if you want a really clean. Slice in small servings be­ Mary Hassage is a free-lance writer flaky crust. cause of the richness. from Dallas, Texas.

February 1973 39 Her name is Anne Bonny, and her story is one you won't soon forget. Rebellion, adventure, love on the high seas­ all set against a background of 18th-century Charles Town. Don't miss Anne Osborne's

Wind Frotn The Main

P.O. Box 1668 Columbia, S.C. 29202 Please send me copies of WIND FROM THE MAIN at $6.95, plus 50 ¢ postage and handling and 4% S.C. sales tax (total: $7 .73 per book for S.C. residents, $7.45 per book for out-of-state residents). I enclose my check

NAME ADDRESS----- n, 8l6 l ,Cwn.1qag At local meetings of La Leche League International, the atmosphere is informal. Members share personal experiences and discuss common problems of breast-feeding mothers.

league helped was Mrs. Lora Belles. When she first brought her daughter home from the hospital the baby nursed continuously one day, build­ ing up the mother's milk supply. "The next day Lori Sue refused to nurse, no matter what we did," Mrs. Belles recalled. She said her breasts became more and more painful and she began to have fever. So she finally called the league lead­ er, who told her to take a hot bath so the moist heat would release the milk. "In a few minutes it did," Mrs. Belles said. La Leche League also helped Mrs. Belles when she was nursing her first child. Mrs. Belles at the time was living in New Jersey and was a member of a league there. When she suddenly had to go into the hospital, her pediatrician re­ commended that she put her four­ and-a-half-month-old daughter on a bottle, but the infant rejected it. La Leche League came to the rescue and secured for her an electric hile one Columbia mother one to nurse her baby while she is breast pump to express the milk, heats a bottle for her crying away for a few hours, but in some then took it home to her child. Wbaby, another mother in a cases league members nurse new­ Mrs. Belles nursed another nearby neighborhood is cuddling borns or the baby of a mother who daughter four weeks, and she be­ her baby close, nourishing him is ill. When Mrs. Gail McCormick of lieves she would have continued from her body. Columbia had to enter the hospital with the league's help, but at the To many women in South Caro­ for gall bladder surgery, Columbia time "we had just moved here [ to lina and thousands more all over league members went to the hospi­ Columbia] and I didn't know any­ the world, La Leche League has tal to nurse her son. The gall blad­ one." She said pressure came from meant this difference. La Leche der attack had occurred late at relatives who thought nursing might League International, Inc. is an night, so she had had no time for not be the right thing, and from her organization to help and encourage preparation. Luckily, she had been first child whom she was still nurs­ mothers who want to breast-feed able to arrange to have her six­ ing (the older child would push the their babies. League members month-old son with her. younger one away). "I finally just counsel mothers on breast-feeding "I wasn't able to nurse for about gave up," she said. and share with other mothers ex­ five to six hours, so two league Although she had no difficult periences they have had with their mothers came to the hospital and problems, the league's encourage­ own children. Sometimes they liter­ nursed him," Mrs. McCormick said. ment and that of her sister inspired ally share themselves by breast­ "They also provided milk to put in Mrs. Jean Brown to continue nurs­ feeding another mother's baby. the refrigerator if it was needed." ing her son. A mother may only need some- Another Columbia mother the "Trip had colic, and relatives in-

42 Sandlapper sisted breast-feeding was the tion at any time. The league is ing but more mothers continuing to origin," Mrs. Brown, a registered quick to point out that its informa­ nurse as long as they would like nurse, explained. Within a few tion is more than practical experi­ to." months, however, they began to ence; in addition to the information She said the league never pro­ realize he was physically and emo­ having been given the test of breast­ poses that there is one way to nurse tionally healthy, she added. feeding mothers, La Leche League your baby, but gives mothers infor­ More important than La Leche has the service of 36 medical con­ mation and advice on how other League's experience, it seems, is the sultants, the executive committee mothers have been successful and personal contact-the face-to-face of which checks all material the how they overcame problems. She communication between mothers. league publishes. added that she and her husband, a League members feel this personal South Carolina has five La Leche pediatrician, had very little know­ contact is important in building up League groups : in Charleston, ledge of breast-feeding when their a mother's confidence. It begins at Greenville, Clemson, Clinton and first child was born, but have learn­ local monthly meetings where Columbia. The Columbia group, ed more and more through Dr. members discuss the advantages of which has about 50 members, has Boette's practice and their contact breast-feeding to the mother, the art increased in membership by 70 per­ with La Leche League. Mrs. Boette of breast-feeding and overcoming cent during the past year. Now in was able to nurse her first child for difficulties, the family and the its third year, the chapter holds two only seven weeks. Shortly after that breast-fed baby, and nutrition and meetings each month. It also has a friend sent her the La Leche weaning. The meetings are informal meetings at which new mothers and League manual, The Motherly Art and mothers are encouraged to the mothers of toddlers can talk of Breastfeeding. " I found out I bring breast-feeding babies. There about their special problems. had been doing everything wrong," are also many expectant mothers, Mrs. Annette Boette, a co-leader she noted. and sometimes grandmothers and of the Columbia group, said she be­ Members point out that although single women. lieves the increase in interested La Leche League believes strongly Meetings begin with comments mothers is a "multiple situation. I in the value of breast-feeding they from La Leche League leaders, but don't think there are that many rarely publicize meetings, nor do every mother takes part by telling more breast-feeding mothers in they try to recruit members. One the others of her personal experi­ Columbia, but the interest in the member commented, "Nursing is an ences. Those who are registered league has increased. They get more individual thing." nurses often discuss the nutritional information now and are able to Mrs. John Froehlich, executive and emotional values of breast-feed­ nurse their babies longer. Perhaps secretary of La Leche League Inter­ ing to the baby, and how breast­ there are not that many more start- national, Inc., said there has been an feeding helps the mother get back increase in breast-feeding mothers in shape physically. Other mothers nationally, attributable to "allergies who have also bottle-fed a child to cow and goat milk and the trend comment on not having to worry among young people toward all about getting a bottle too hot or things natural. too cold, and about the money " From the beginning we have breast-feeding saves. The most com­ answered a need that no one else mon problems discussed are sore was answering," Mrs. Froehlich nipples and engorgement with milk. pointed out, "and this need was Another problem is that breast­ greater than anyone realized. For feeding babies cannot be left for a years physicians had been saying long period of time unless they are they didn't bother with breast-feed­ fed by another breast-feeding ing because mothers weren't inter­ mother or given a bottle; also, cer­ ested. But once word got around tain medications cannot be taken that help was available, thousands by the mother because they pass of mothers who were interested in through the milk to the baby. breast-feeding turned up. The re­ When any mother has a problem, sponse astonished everyone-even league mothers are willing to help. us." Nursing mothers may call a special number at national headquarters in Patricia Stepp is a free-lance writer Illinois for breast-feeding informa- from Charlotte.

February 1973 43 P.O. Box 841 NEW BOOKS 400 West Main Street AT OUR BOOKSTORE Lexington, S.C. 29072 STEDE BONNET, Gentleman Pirate of the Carolina Coast. By John G. Leland. Illustrated by Emmett Robinson. Paper. $2.50. BEPPY MARLOWE. By Elizabeth Janet Gray. The adventures of a young English CHARLESTON, THE PLACE AND THE girl in Charleston in the early 1700s. $3.50. PEOPLE. By Mrs. St. Julien Ravenel. A reprint of an intriguing book first pub­ DEEP SUMMER. By Gwen Bristow. This lished in 1906. It is the complete, heart­ is the author's first novel; a story of the warming story of the beginning of one of pioneers who changed the Louisiana wil­ America's most famous cities. $12.95. derness into a society founded on luxury and injustice. $5.95. THE PHANTOMS OF DIXIE. By Hans Holzer. Once again, Hans Holzer embarks on a ghost hunt, this time in the haunted DAVID AND MARTHA LAURENS Southland. Dixie, with its romantic RAMSAY. By Margaret Simons Middle­ moods and old-world charm, is particu­ ton. The glory, the glamor, the vicis­ larly prone to harbor phantoms. $6. situdes of an eventful era in American his­ tory are splendidly captured and clearly and EMBLEM OF LIBERTY. By Anne C. visualized in the story of a sterling and MARTHA LAURENS RAMSAY Loveland. This is the first comprehensive devoted couple. $4.50. by survey of Lafayette as a symbolic figure MARGARET SIMONS MOOLETON in American intellectual history. $7.95.

ELIZABETH & PHILIP. By Judith COOKBOOKS OF INTEREST Campbell. The author has drawn a por­ trait, both candid and revealing, that is a THE MISSOURI SAMPLER. Compiled MEADOWS' DIET COOKBOOK. By E. tribute to the success of Elizabeth and by Pauline Evans Pullen. Original sketches H. and Ernestine Meadows. Paper. $1.25. Philip. A warm, personal encounter with by Anne Cherry. $5.95. one of history's most exemplary royal TEA TIME IN OLD PENDLETON. couples. $5.95. CONFEDERATE RECEIPT BOOK. A $2.20. compilation of more than 100 receipts, YOU CAN'T EAT MAGNOLIAS. Edited adapted to the times. $2.95. HARTSVILLE ENTERTAINS. $1.95. by H. Brandt Ayers and Thomas H. Naylor. Is the "Southern way of life" still COOKING FOR THAT MAN. By viable? Will a "Southern strategy" ever Dorothy Harris. Plantation recipes. $4. make sense? What can we as a nation learn from the South at this troubling yet 100 YEARS OF FLORENCE COOKING, hopeful moment in our common history? 1871-1971. Published by the Junior Wel­ $8.95. THE PRIMARY ST ATE fare League of Florence, S. C. $4.

CHARLESTON RECEIPTS. $3.50.

COASTAL CAROLINA COOKING. THE PRIMARY STATE. By Frank E. $3.25. Jordan Jr. A History of the Democratic Party in South Carolina, 1896-1962. His­ RECIPES FROM PAWLEY'S ISLAND. tory not only tells us where we have $2.50. been; it is a strong indicator of where we yet may be going. $5. THE CAROLINA UP-COUNTRY COOK­ BOOK. $4.

BETTY CROCKER'S DO-AHEAD COOKBOOK. From the freezer and the refrigerator. $3.95.

44 Sand lap per A TREASURE-TROVE OF OLDE RE· INTERESTING BOOKS FROM CIPES. Found in an olde attic. $4.95. THE REPRINT COMP ANY

NELL GRA YDON'S COOK BOOK. GERMAN SETTLEMENTS AND THE From my house to your house. $3.50. LUTHERAN CHURCH IN NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA, From the Earliest THE BEAUFORT COOK BOOK. A Period of the Colonization of the Dutch, To insure prompt delivery of books, treasury of Carolina recipes. $3. German, and Swiss Settlers to the Close of the First Half of the Present Century. please mail orders to our new Lexing· 300 YEARS OF CAROLINA COOKING. By Gotthardt D. Bernheim. Originally ton address given on this page. Include 50 cents for postage and handling on Including game preparation. $4.50. published in Philadelphia, 1872. $18. one book, 25 cents for each addi· COLUMBIA COOKS WITH FUN AND CYCLOPEDIA OF EMINENT AND RE· tional book. S. C. residents must add FLAVOR. $3.50. PRESENTATIVE MEN OF THE CARO· four percent sales tax. LINAS OF THE NINETEENTH CEN· CAROLINA CUISINE. An indispensable TURY, with a Brief Historical Introduc· book for all who love to cook, and parti· tion on South Carolina by General Ed· HISTORY OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN cularly for anyone interested in the ward McGrady, Jr. Originally published by SOUTH CAROLINA, with a Sketch of Southern cooking tradition. $4.50. Brant and Fuller, Madison, Wisconsin, the Free School System. By Colyer Meri· 1892. Illustrated. $24. wether. Originally published in Washing· JAMS, PRESERVES AND PICKLES. By ton, 1889. Illustrated. $12. Rosemary Hume and Muriel Downes. EARLY METHODISM IN THE CARO· $5.95. LINAS. By Abel M. Chrietzberg. Origi· STATISTICS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, nally published in Nashville, Tennessee, Including a View of Its Natural, Civil and RECIPE BOOK OF ELIZA LUCAS 1897. Illustrated. $15. Military History, General and Particular. PINCKNEY. $1. By Robert Mills. Originally published in A VIEW OF SOUTH CAROLINA, as Charleston, 1826. Maps. $27. CAROLINA LOW COUNTRY COOK Repects Her Natural and Civil Concerns. BOOK. $2.50. By John Drayton. Originally published in A SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF Charleston, 1802. Maps. $15. SOUTH CAROLINA, to the Close of the RICE RECIPES. $1.50. Proprietary Government by the Revolu· THE JEWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, tion of 1719. By William J. Rivers. Origi· JOY OF COOKING. The all-purpose from the Earliest Times to the Present nally published in Charleston, 1856. $15. cookbook. Revised and enlarged with Day. By Barnett A. Elzas. Originally pub· more than 4,300 recipes-1,200 new lished in Philadelphia, 1905. Illustrated. THE HISTORY OF METHODISM IN ones. $6.95. $15. SOUTH CAROLINA. By Albert M. Shipp. Originally published in Nashville, THE HARTSVILLE COOK BOOK. ANECDOTES OF THE REVOLUTION· 1~84. $21. $3.95. ARY WAR IN AMERICA. By Alexander Garden. Originally published in Charles· SOUTH CAROLINA BALLADS, with a ton, 1822. $15. Study of the Traditional Ballad Today. By Reed Smith. Originally published in MEN OF THE TIME, Sketches of Living Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1928. $10.50. Notables. A biographical encyclopedia of contemporaneous South Carolina leaders. SOUTH CAROLINA RESOURCES AND By J. C. Garlington. Originally published POPULATION, INSTITUTIONS AND in Spartanburg, 1902. Illustrated. $18. INDUSTRIES. Originally published by the South Carolina State Board of Agri· DOCUMENTARY HISTORY· OF THE culture, Charleston, 1883. Maps. $27. AMERICAN REVOLUTION: Consisting of Letters and Papers Relating to the Contest for Liberty, Chiefly in South Car· olina, from Originals in the Possession of the Editor, and Other Sources. By Robert Gibbes. Originally published in New York and Columbia, 1853, 1855, 1857. Vols. I, sandlapper II and III, $12.50 each. Bookstore & Gallery, Inc.

TRADITIONS AND REMINISCENCES 400 W. Main St., Lexington CHIEFLY OF THE AMERICAN RE· VOLUTION IN THE SOUTH: Including Biographical Sketches, Incidents and (Please note change THE SOUTH CAROLINA COOK BOOK. Anecdotes, Few of Which Have Been of mailing address.) $4.95. Published, Particularly of Residents in the P.O. Box 841 Upper Country. By Joseph Johnson. Ori· Lexington, S.C. 29072 BETTY CROCKER'S COOKBOOK. ginally published in Charleston, 1851. Loose-leaf. $7.95. Maps. $21. BETTER HOMES AND GARDENS NEW COOK BOOK. Loose-leaf. $6.95.

February 1973 45 scholarship must be fusty. Perhaps the editors' apparent commitment to subject rather than to thesis ac­ counts for the broad range and di­ versity of the contents. Certainly the inclusion of essays on pirates, rice growing, colonial Charleston culture, antebellum churches, the PERSPECTIVES IN SOUTH CAR­ respectively, have chosen well, and emancipated slaves' "welfare" pro­ OLINA HISTORY: THE FIRST the resultant volume fairly-if not gram, the milieu of a cotton mill 300 YEARS. Edited by Ernest M. comprehensively-encompasses the town (Graniteville) in 1880, the Lander Jr. and Robert K. Acker­ state's colorful and rich heritage ac­ statewide reaction to the movie The man. 448 pages. University of quired over the past 300 years. Birth of a Nation, a 194 7 Greenville South Carolina Press. $12.95. Their efforts deserve praise not lynch trial, and the integration of only for the intrinsic literary excel­ Clemson bodes well for the reader Layman and student alike, read­ lence of the selections but also for who is eager to learn more than the ers of Caroliniana will welcome this the significant impact that many standard recital of colonial begin­ new book of historical readings have had on the way our state's his­ nings, battles fought, and frequent dealing with the Palmetto State. tory is interpreted. In short, the political turmoil. Collected mostly from journals and reader's perspectives come from Yet despite this welcome abun­ books that have seen the light of first-rate historians and unusually dance of material devoted to day only in university libraries, the eloquent, well-placed observers. "peripheral" areas of the state's his­ 39 selections will likely be unfami­ An awareness of the contribu­ tory, the primary events and per­ liar to all but the trained researcher. tors' imposing credentials coupled sonages are far from neglected in Unfamiliar, yes; uninteresting, no. with the inevitable appreciation of this rather hefty volume. The lords The editors, professors Lander and their lively contributions is enough proprietors; early settlement; Chris­ Ackerman, of Clemson arid Erskine, to disabuse one of the notion that topher Gadsden; the rice and cotton economies; Ft. Sumter's bombardment; Sherman's pyro­ phoric encampment at Columbia; the Ku Klux Klan; governors Hamp­ ton, Tillman, Elease and Byrnes; and the Barnwell "Ring"-these are Always Available but a sampling of the topics given a at the Best Bookstores full and perceptive examination. While the collection does not gloss over the assorted warts and blemishes that assuredly stain the state's history, neither does it fail to enumerate its glories-enough so that Gov. West's optimistic vision of the state's future, his inaugural address, seems a fitting conclusion. An interesting feature of the col­ lection is that 65 percent of the material is devoted to the last 110 THE SOUTH CAROLINA COOK BOOK years, a bias which offsets the usual ( 426 pages of body-and-soul food, plain allocation of space in favor of the and fancy-the perfect bridal gift) colonial and antebellum periods. To make the book eminently usable, WILD FLOWERS IN SOUTH CAROLINA the selections are arranged chrono- By WADE T. BATSON 1o gically, introduced by concise headnotes, and indexed fully. Per­ SOUTH CAROLINA: A Short History, 1520-1948 spectives in South Carolina History By DA YID DUNCAN WALLACE deserves shelf space in any South Carolina private or public library that is intended to offer a judicious view of the state's history. F.W.

46 Sand lap per HAUNTED BY GOD: THE CUL­ the church was that its order re­ Like a gull swooping down on a TURAL AND RELIGIOUS EX­ mained largely immaterial to the school of fish, Bass glides across PERIENCE OF THE SOUTH. By order and disorder of society and South Carolina history, snatching James McBride Dabbs. 255 pages. consisted largely of private and up a fact here and there, occasion­ John Knox Press. $6.95. otherworldly attitudes.'' ally dropping one and catching it For the tenacious reader who has again later on. We ultimately get a James McBride Dabbs was a pondered the Southern heritage, curious rundown of, among other figure as difficult to define as the Haunted by God offers frequent things, South Carolina race rela­ land and people he called his own. bursts of analysis that will evoke tions, which seem to be gradually He worked tirelessly, under a con­ hums of recognition and firmly loosening up but which have been stant barrage from his critics, for agreeing nods. If sometimes ted­ and still are very fickle. The trouble the changes he felt necessary for ious, Dabbs' Haunted by God re­ is, the book is essentially a rehash the South to preserve the positive veals a depth of understanding of a of what most South Carolinians facets of its unique values and heri­ region that could be possessed only who read newspapers know already tage. by a man who loved it with a and most out-of-staters could not In his final work, Haunted by mother's love, accepting and loving care less about. God (its manuscript completed its best and its worst. J.E.B. Porgy Comes Home summarizes only hours before his death), Dabbs the development of state politics attempted to hone his lifetime of and economy, pointing out the analysis of the Southern culture in­ PORGY COMES HOME. By Jack parts played by the black populace to a keen blade, cutting a cross­ Bass. 152 pages. The R. L. Bryan in each category. Some of the section of the Southern experience, Company. $5.95. chapters are devoted strictly to exposing and exploring the layers racial aspects of the state's history of the cultural and religious ex­ The hungry intellectual can de­ and present. Others ignore race. perience of the South. rive real pleasure from reading Two chapters which may throw the Uncovering thematic strata he Porgy Comes Home and then tack­ reader off course are "What Church had traced in his earlier works, ling this question: Just what is the Do You Belong To?" which de- Dabbs explored the forces he felt book supposed to be? ( Continued on page 56) dominated the Southern heritage: the plantation, the family, and slavery. He discerned areas of inter­ play between these forces and the spiritual values and religious struc­ James McBride Dabbs ture prevalent in the culture. Probably because his last work HAUNTED " a book that brings lacked the opportunity for the BY GOD an understanding writer's final editing, much of his The cultural and religious experience analysis lacks the clarity of his QftheSoulh of the history earlier work and is at times some­ behind the history what repetitious of Who Speaks for of the South." the Sou th? His generalizations about the Southern individual lack the force of a Cash, a Woodward, or the earlier Dabbs and frequently leave the reader unconvinced. Now on sale at Dabbs' thoughts on the role of the church as a force for order in the South, in opposition to the daily world of disorder, probably sandlapper constitute the most insightful por­ $ 6.95 Bookstore & Gallery, Inc. tion of the book. "It was because 400 W. Main St., Lexington of its deep-seated disorderliness (Please note change of mailing address.) that the South needed the order of P.O. Box 841 a constitution strictly interpreted, Lexington, S.C. 29072 of :m inerrant Bible, and of a church which, however much it talked about grace, really stood for law and order. The basic trouble in

February 1973 47 History Illustrated

William Henry Trescot DIPLOMAT AND AUTHOR

By M. Foster Farley

-Phot o courtesy Charles t o n L ibrary Societ y

any of South Carolina's great men and his appointment meant "more than mere­ are remembered in biographies, ly bringing his individual talents into the ser­ M articles in newspapers and maga­ vice of the government," for he represented zines, and history books. Others who have "in a notable degree the ruling class of South done as much for their nation and state have Carolina," and this state represented as well as been slighted for one reason or another by the led the "advanced school of slavery and fickle muse of history. states' rights sentiment in the South," accord­ William Henry Trescot is such a person. ing to the Dictionary of American Biography. Except for a sketch in the Dictionary of When the state severed its ties with the American Biography, a few lines in South Car­ Union in December 1860, Trescot resigned olina histories and an occasional scholarly from the State Department but remained in article over the years, information about this Washington temporarily as the unofficial en­ South Carolina native is almost nonexistent. voy of South Carolina. He unsuccessfully Trescot was born in 1828 in Charleston and negotiated with Washington the settlement of educated to be a lawyer. Small of stature, he the Federal forts in the Charleston area. His was impressive in his manners and a brilliant advice to both sides was caution, and he post­ conversationalist. His diplomatic career began poned the crisis by preventing the United in 1852 when he was appointed secretary of States from supplying or reinforcing the forts. the American legation in London, a post he His views were summed up in a letter to held until 1854. He was made assistant secre­ Howell Cobb of Georgia, former secretary of tary of state in 1860 by President Buchanan, the treasury in Buchanan's administration, in

48 Sand lap per NOW BACK IN PRINT Coming in March from sandlapper press, inc.

The Green Dragoon THE LIVES OF BANASTR E TARLETON AND MARY ROBINSON

by Robert D. Bass

From the author of The Swamp Fox comes this brilliant definitive biography of Banastre Tarleton and his mistress Mary Robinson. From his battles with Francis Marion, Thomas Sumter, and Daniel Morgan to his romances with Mary Robinson, the darling of Drury Lane, Tarleton never lost his arrogance or his charm.

$6.95

Special Prepublication Offer The 1 773 James Cook map of the province of South Carolina. Printed on ivory stock almost identical to that of the original 18th century map. Suitable for framing. 25 X 28 inches. Order your copy of The Green Dragoon before March 15 and receive in addition this $5.00 map for only $1.50. Please send me copies of The Green Dragoon. Name ______

Address ------san dlapper press, inc. P. 0. Box 1668 City State Zip ------Columbia, S. C. 29202 Please add 50 cents for handling. S. C. residents add 4% S. C. sales tax. which he told him: tions the Confederate Congress approved all Another subject is Fort Sumter. In spite of the tele­ the articles of the declaration except the one graph reports and the pitiable vacillation of Mr . Bucha­ concerning the abolition of privateering. nan and notwithstanding the formal demand made by For the rest of the Civil War, Trescot served this State, I am not inclined to think that the crisis quietly as a member of the General Assembly will be blood. Mr . Buchanan has but three weeks of of the state and as adviser to state authorities. political life and will not I think do anything to pro­ voke a conflict in this time . . . . If reinforcements are During the period immediately after the not sent I do not think an immediate attack will be Civil War, he was interested in the welfare of made, altho the fort cannot and will not be allowed to his friends (as well as of himself) whose pro­ remain in the possession of the U. S. after the 4th perty had been confiscated by Union forces March and must therefore be taken sooner. during the occupation of South Carolina. He He speculated about the future of his state served as agent for some planters of the state and of the South in its relations with the who petitioned President Johnson for the re­ North. In one letter to Cobb he touched on turn of their property, and it was to Trescot's the constant bickering and even outright in­ credit that these lands were eventually re­ tervention by Jefferson Davis in the running stored. His own main holding was Barnwell of Confederate strategy by his generals: Island Plantation, an area of approximately It is certain I think that the popular expectation is 1,000 acres located near Beaufort and Parris that either Davis or yourself should have charge of the Island. He leased these lands to Henry S. provisional government and I think either of you Sandford, American minister to Belgium, in bound to accept the charge and both of you bound to the hope that with the help of Sandford's form part of the administration. Davis I judge from money he could recoup his fortune. Cotton what I hear, altho I never heard it from bim, prefers the command-in-chief and if we are to have war - will was planted, but because of shortages and be of course the very best man in the right place. And labor troubles, local opposition to the lands if we do not have war for two or three years the being leased to a Yankee, an invasion of cater­ organization of our military establishment could not pillars, the perennial boll weevil, and sky­ be in better hands. rocketing costs, the agreement was terminated As for diplomacy in the future of the in 1869. South, this sage South Carolinian had some It was not until 1877 that the United advice on the subject, and considering the States again made use of Trescot's diplomatic caliber of diplomatic agents the South had in talents, appointing him counselor for the London, she could not have been worse off if United States before the Halifax Fishery the following suggestion had been adhered to: Commission. This dispute rose out of a peren­ nial fishing rights controversy dating to 1818. One thing I would like to impress upon you hoping By a treaty, Americans were allowed to fish that you will agree with me. Negotiate any treaty you may wish with Great Britain here. The misconception along the shores of Prince Edward Island, of our position, resources and temper is such that a Nova Scotia and Quebec. In return, the Minister in London would always be fighting pre­ United States agreed to let the British fish as judices that three months residence at the South far south as Delaware Bay. The commission would brush out of the mind of an intelligent English rendered a verdict against the United States, Minister. which was forced to pay Great Britain $5.5 After the Confederacy had been organized, million on the grounds that that country had Great Britain and France approached the new made the greater sacrifice in the matter. government with the view of getting its adhe1- When gold was discovered in California, ence to the principles of the Declaration of and in the years that followed, Chinese and Paris signed in 1856. Mainly dealing with mari­ other Oriental immigrants provided a ready time law, this declaration was adhered to by labor force on the west coast. When the most of the major powers. Britain and France, effects of the Panic of 1873 hit the area, how­ while in no way implying diplomatic recogni­ ever, many American organizations, blaming tion of the Confederacy, instructed their con­ unemployment and other economic ills on the suls at Charleston to carry on unofficial talks Chinese rioted and inflicted bodily injuries with Trescot, who would then discuss the upon the hapless workers. These organizations matter with Davis. After lengthy conversa- were influential and exerted pressure on the

50 Sand lap per -Photo by Richard Taylor

Trescot was sent to Peking in the 1870s to help renegotiate an immigration treaty between the United States and China. Numerous Chinese officials paid their regards to the diplomat and left their calling cards, left, which were printed on large sheets of red paper. Another Peking souvenir Trescot brought home was a tiny Chinese newspaper, approximately the same size · as one of the calling cards.

President. As a result, Secretary of State Wil­ envoy with the title of minister plenipoten­ liam M. Ewarts sent the South Carolina diplo­ tiary to Chile, Peru and Bolivia. His main job mat, along with James B. Angell and John F. was to mediate the dispute, and he was urged Swift, as special commissioners to the Im­ to use his discretion. But he was given two perial Chinese Court at Peking to negotiate a specific guidelines: If the Chileans did not re­ modification of the earlier Burlingame treaty lease Calderon, the United States would sever regarding Chinese immigration to the United diplomatic relations with that country. And if States. Trescot was opposed to a complete Chile refused to accept the "good offices of prohibition of Chinese immigration to this the United States," then this country would country, but he did feel that certain abuses be free to form an alliance with other South might be corrected. After a series of negotia­ American countries to force a solution. tions a new treaty was written and signed When Trescot arrived in Panama he re­ Nov. 17, 1880, giving the United States the ceived a cablegram informing him of the re­ right to "regulate, limit, or suspend" the signation of Blaine. Garfield had died from an entry and residence of Chinese laborers. Two assassin's bullet and the new President, years later congress passed the Chinese Ex­ Chester A. Arthur, had appointed his own clusion Act, which suspended Chinese immi­ man to the Department of State, Frederick T. gration to this country for a period of 10 Frelinghuysen. Unlike Blaine, the new secre­ years. tary believed in a more cautious policy and For the next several years the South Caro­ modified Trescot's instructions. Unknown to lina diplomat was busy in South American Trescot, who journeyed on to Chile, Freling­ affairs, first as special envoy to Chile, Peru huysen turned over to the senate, at their re­ and Bolivia, then in negotiating a treaty with quest, all the confidential correspondence, in­ Colombia. In 1879 Chile went to war with cluding Trescot's original instructions. The Peru and Bolivia (the Great Pacific War of correspondence was then published in news­ 1879-83) over possession of the bleak Atacama papers throughout the world- even those in Desert. In 1830 valuable minerals had been Chile. Shortly after Trescot's arrival in discovered in the area and over the next Santiago, he learned from the Chilean foreign several decades unsuccessful negotiations had minister of the publication. Further parleys not settled the situation. The Chilean navy were useless. Trescot remarked: and army gained quick victories. Lima was A diplomat of ordinary experience would conclude, captured by 1881, and Calderon, whose new when he learns that his instructions have been com­ government of Peru had been recognized by municated to the government with which he is ne­ the United States, was overthrown and cap­ gotiating before he receives them himself, then it is tured. James G. Blaine, secretary of state time for him to be silent until he does receive them. under President James A. Garfield, pursued a Before he left Santiago, he signed a pro- vigorous Latin American policy. After fruit­ tocol on Feb. 11, 1882, in which the basis of less attempts to halt the conflict, Blaine peace was established. appointed the experienced Trescot as a special In 1883 the South Carolinian was busy

February 1973 51 Lowther Hall, Trescot's winter home in talented, and some of his works are now Pendleton, was built as a hunting lodge by accepted as classics in that field. His first an Englishman before 1800. The home has been work of importance, A Few Thoughts on the enlarged over the years, and the present structure Foreign Policy of the United States, was pub­ encompasses the original log core. lished in 1849. The next year he published the Position and Course of the South in 1850, negotiating a treaty with the Colombian gov­ which was a summary of the Southern and ernment regarding American rights in the economic viewpoints of the times. In 1852 he Isthmus of Panama. Some years later, as a re­ published his The-Diplomacy of the Revolu­ sult of this and other treaties, the United tion: An Historical Study, in which he at­ States would obtain permission to construct tempted to show the beginning of American the Panama Canal. foreign policy and the negotiations which Trescot's next diplomatic assignment was secured this country a place in the world. He with former President Grant in negotiating a stated his facts with much care and his con­ commercial treaty with Mexico. They success­ clusions are marked with cautious optimism. fully negotiated the treaty, which was ap­ A sequel to the study was published as The proved by the senate but never put into force Diplomatic History of the Administrations of because of opposition in the house of repre­ Washington and Adams. He wrote this, he sentatives. said, because the 12 years of Washington and Trescot's last diplomatic assignment was as Adams foreign policy had a "character" of one of the 10 American delegates to the first their own. He was somewhat pessimistic of International American Conference, held in this period, calling the foreign policy a nega­ Washington in October 1889. He was very ac­ tive one whose great "object" was to prevent tive, helping create the Pan American Union rather than to accomplish. and the beginning of a modern South Ameri­ In 1853 he wrote A Letter to the Honor­ can policy for the United States. able A . Butler: On the Diplomatic System of The diplomat spent the remaining years of the United States. This work is now regarded his life in retirement and quiet contemplation. as a very valuable contribution to American He died and was buried at Pendleton, South diplomatic history. Carolina, in 1898. As a writer and historian of what has been M. Foster Farley is an associate professor of called diplomatic history, Trescot was very history at Newberry College.

52 Sandlapper events ~>tff All activities to be considered for e~"'•"S .,. 4~>•l ,,~,,, fA1tJ.l1t~~t> the Calendar of Events must be sent directly to the Events Editor, Sand­ lapper Press, Inc., P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, South Carolina 29202, no later than 45 days prior to the first of the month in which the activity will occur. iry dance Of The

FEBRUARY 8 COLUMBIA-Township Auditorium-The Na­ Pirate'S tional Ballet of Washington. 9-10 GREENVILLE-Furman University - The Na­ tional Ballet of Washington. MARCH by IDELLA BODIE 8 CLEMSON-Clemson University-"Les Ballets illustrated by Louise Yancy Africains."

. Only Chris knew aboul the clues lo Lh e my stery of Stede Bonnel's cinema hidden treasure-would he find it before the mysterious man who seemed to be following him around Charleston? Id ella Bodie, the aulhor of Th e Secret of Telfair Inn, has woven another FEBRUARY 6, March 6, 13 children's novel around a child 's love of mys tery and suspense. Set in GREENVILLE-Thomas F. Parker Audito­ historic Charleston with its familiar surroundings-the Battery, White Point rium-"Movie Madness" Film Series. Gardens, the Dock Street Theatre, the Exchange and Custom House-it is 7 the story of a young boy who finds clues to a treasure hidden by "gentle­ ROCK HILL- Winthrop College-"Billy Budd." man pirate" Stede Bonnet just before his hanging. SPARTANBURG- Spartanburg Junior Col­ lege- "A Man for All Seasons." Through dusty attics, across dangerous rooftops and into ghostly 13 cemeteries, two brothers search for more clues to The Mystery of the FLORENCE-Francis Marion College-"The Pirate's Treasure. Virgin Spring." MARCH 7 -, I ROCK HILL- Winthrop College-"Claire's I I Knee." I 13 I I FLORENCE-Francis Marion College-"Cul-de­ This packet of 50 colorful stamps from all over the world-FREE if you I Sac." order your copy of The Mystery of the Pirate's Treasure before April 1.

D Please send me copies of The Mystery of the Pirate's Treasure. lectures Name ~~---~------Address ______

City State Zip ______FEBRUARY 1 Please add 50 cents for handling. S. C. residents add 4% S. C. sales tax. GREENVILLE- Thomas F. Parker Audito­ sandiapper press, inc. • P. 0. Box 1668 • Columbia, S. C., 29202 rium -"What Makes a Good Library Great?" L------___ J Mrs. Allie Beth Martin, Speaker.

February 1973 53 6 GREENVILLE- Bob Jones University- Cham­ CLEMSON-Clemson University-ESP Lecture ber Choir Concert. and Demonstration by Parapsychologist 12 Russ Burgess. ROCK HILL- Winthrop College-Berlin String 7 Quartet Concert and Workshop. GREENVILLE-Furman University - Neil SUMTER-Sumter-Shaw Community Concert Sheehan, Washington Bureau of The New Association - David Bar-Illan, Pianist. York Times. 14 14 SPARTANBURG- Spartanburg Junior Col­ GREENVILLE-Furman University - George lege - The Mac Frampton Trio. Schweitzer, University of Tennessee. 15 16 GREENVILLE-Furman University - Greenville CLEMSON-Clemson University- "The Baby Symphony Concert. Trap" by Columnist Ellen Peck. South Carolina's most comprehensive 16 20-22 GREENVILLE- Bob Jones University - Bob collection of antique and modern DUE WEST -Erskine College - Thomas F. Jones University Symphonic Band Concert. sporting and wildlife prints. Staley Distinguished Christian Scholar 16 , 17 , 23,24 Lectures, Dr. Will W. Orr, Lecturer. CH AR LESTON - Garden Theatre- Charleston 22 Opera Company Presents "The Mikado." AUDUBON CO HE LEACH SPARTANBURG- University of South Carolina 18 CATESBY MIDDLETON Regional Branch - Anne B. Gehman, Nation­ BENNETTSVILLE- Bennettsville High School ally Known Medium and Spiritual Adviser. POPE R. RIPLEY Auditorium - The West Point Glee Club. 23-25 19 A. B. FROST HAGGERBAUMER SPARTANBURG- South Carolina Theatre CLEMSON-Clemson University -" Heavy Or­ R. CLARK D. MAAS Association Annual Meeting and Workshop. gan" Featuring Virgil Fox with Pablo's F. BENSON M. DAWSON MARCH Lights. HARM J. COWEN 7 20 GREENVILLE-Furman University - Ralph COLUMBIA-Dreher Auditorium - The Colum­ Nader, Consumer Advocate. bia Philharmonic Orchestra. Carolina Prints & Frames CLEMSON-Clemson University -" Auto 25 158 King Street Safety, Consumer Protection, Environmen­ BAMBERG - Bamberg Civic Auditorium­ Charleston, SC 29401 tal Hazards" by Ralph Nader. Fayetteville Symphony Orchestra String En­ SPARTANBURG- Spartanburg Junior Col­ semble. Phone 803 - 723 - 2266 lege- Symposium: A Church for Now and MARCH Tomorrow. 1 13 DUE WEST - Erskine College- Allison Nelson, SPARTANBURG- University of South Carolina Pianist. Regional Branch- "Photograph/Film/Fu­ 6 UNIQUE! ture" by Declan Haun, Free-lance Photog­ FLORENCE-Francis Marion College- Virginia rapher. Babikian, Soprano. 14 ROCK HILL - Winthrop College-Columbia GREENVILLE-Furman University- Samuel String Quartet. Sandmel, Hebrew Union College. 8 GREENVILLE- Bob Jones University - The Bamberg Symphony . . GREENVILLE-Furman University - Furman Il1US1C University Band Concert. 10 CHARLESTON-Municipal Auditorium-The FEBRUARY Houston Symphony Orchestra. 1 11 Definitely Charleston! GREENVILLE- Bob Jones University - Joy ROCK HILL- Winthrop College- South Caro­ Davidson, Mezzo-soprano. STEPHAN'S CANDIES lina All-State Orchestra Concert. 2-3 GREENVILLE-Furman University - Houston GREENVILLE- Furman University - Opera Symphony Benefit Performance. • Pecan Pralines • Workshop. 12 • Fudge • Taffy • 4 GREENVILLE- North Greenville College- Col­ • Cocktail Snacks • COLUMBIA - Museum of Art - Dr. Eugene lege Choir Spring Concert. Barban, Pianist. Plus ONSLOW Famous Candies, 6 and "OLD SLAVE MART" Confections. ROCK HILL- Winthrop College- Jerry Helton, We mail all over the world ... Tenor. theatre Write for free brochure. 9 MYRTLE BEACH- Convention Center- Capital • University Concert, Columbus, Ohio. Through February 3 4 10 COLUMBIA-Town Theatre-"Beyond the Hor­ ROCK HILL- Winthrop College - Music Scho­ izon." 5 larship Audition Program. Through February 10 CHARLESTON - Municipal Auditorium­ COLUMBIA-Workshop Theatre-"The Dumb Charleston Symphony Orchestra. Waiter" and "White Liars."

54 Sand lap per ecstasy . . 1n music ...

WXTC *FM* Stereo 97 Charleston, S.C. FEBRUARY 1 ( Continued from page 47) CLEMSON-Oemson University-"As You Like It" by The National Players. scribes the status of each prominent 8-10, 13-17 religious denomination in South GREENVILLE-Furman University-"Blithe Carolina, and "The Fun of It," Spirit." which mentions a selected number 8-24 of tourist attractions and presents a GREENVILLE- Greenville Little Theatre­ "Butterflies Are Free." collection of public relations photo­ 12-16 graphs. ROCK HILL- Winthrop College-"A Doll's Despite the question marks, the House." book is generally objective, and it 16, 17 , 19-24 moves far better than the average SPARTANBURG- Spartanburg Little Theatre­ state history, documentary or what­ "Vivat. Vivat Regina!" ever. Though the narrative rambles 19 DUE WEST-Erskine College-"The Diary of as you read, at the end you pro­ Adam and Eve." bably will have an apt summary of A studio for 21 what Bass intends for you to have SP ART AN BURG- Spartanburg Junior Col­ an apt summary of. The book is of advertising lege - " Aria da Capo" and "The Last Word." value in putting various facets of and brochure design, 21-24 COLUMBIA -University of South Carolina­ South Caroliniana into an almost­ corporate identification, "Camino Real." up-to-date perspective. illustration, 22-24, March 1-3 And it provides that delightful CLEMSON-Clemson University-"See How enigma: Is it a history? A sociologi­ models and photography. They Run." 28 cal study? Investigative journalism? CHARLESTON - Municipal Auditorium­ A feature presentation? A combina­ P.O. BOX 921 "Sleuth." tion of all four? CAYCE, SOUTH CAROLINA MARCH Of course, such labeling efforts PHONE 803 - 796 - 8465 8-10 probably are unimportant. D.E.H. ROCK HILL- Winthrop College-High School Drama Festival. Through March 15 Fine Arts Limited GREENVILLE-Greenville-Spartanburg Air­ presents port- Mrs. R. A. Ridgill Art Exhibit. I art FEBRUARY 3-25 CHARLESTON- Gibbes Art Gallery - Artists Through February 3 Equity Exhibition. GAFFNEY- Limestone College-Faculty Ex­ 4-27 hibition: Drawings by Sara Dame Setzer. CLEMSON-Clemson University-Southeastern CHARLESTON-Dock Street Theatre-Annual Craftsman Invitational Art Exhibit. Green Room Art Exhibition. 6-28 Through February 4 DUE WEST -Erskine College - The Works of SPARTANBURG- The Arts Center-Exhibit of Betty Jane Bramlett. Works by Teachers and Students of The 8 Spartanburg County Art Association Art COLUMBIA-Museum of Art-William Halsey School. Survey. ORANGEBURG- South Carolina State Col­ 8-26 Bluejays lege - William H. Johnson Exhibition. ROCK HILL- Winthrop College-Springs Mills COLUMBIA- Museum of Art- 19th-century Traveling Art Show. A limited edition color print Italian Art in American Collection. 11 by S.C. wildlife artist: Jim Burton ROCK HILL- South Carolina State Art Collec­ COLUMBIA-Museum of Art-"An American Size - 17% x 23 tion. Impressionist." 1000 signed - $20 PENDLETON-Student Art Mobile. 11-March 4 1000 signed and numbered - $25 SPARTANBURG-The Gallery-Louise Napier, SPARTANBURG-The Arts Center-William H. One-man Show. Johnson Exhibit. Add$ 1.50 shipping anywhere in the U.S. Through February 9 10-March 11 plus 4% S.C. tax COLUMBIA-Museum of Art-Scholastic Art SPARTANBURG- The Gallery-Dr. Leo Over 4,000 different prints in stock Awards Exhibit. Twiggs, One-man Show. Through February 10 Write or stop in 11-March 8 CHARLESTON-Gibbes Art Gallery-Scholas­ FINE ARTS LIMITED CHARLESTON-Gibbes Art Gallery- William tic Art Awards Exhibit. H. Johnson Exhibit. 208 King St. Through February 16 18-March 9 Chas. S.C. 29401 (803) 723 - 4061 SPARTANBURG-Converse College - Neon SPARTANBURG-Converse College-The Sculpture Works of Jerry Noe. Works of Bob Moore and Wayne Hall.

56 Sand lap per MARCH ~t,!

5-25 HfiH,:.~: H;,liH DUE WEST-Erskine College-The Graphic Col­ lection of Erskine College.

by Dan Rottenberg

The Emigrants and Play It As It Lays courage, affluence, beauty, even carry out those functions. Today, like are very different films, but maybe they athletic prowess. When computers the characters in Play It As It Lays, we belong together. The Emigrants is a monitor your tax returns, when wars produce not food for ourselves, but definitive story of Swedes who move to are fought by machines, when wigs, images for others. the New World in 1844. With vividness cosmetics and plastic surgeons provide There are only 1.4 million farmers and economy, director Jan Troell interchangeable faces, when every pro left in the United States, and the shows us why they left Sweden: poor football team looks alike, when number is falling rapidly (it was more crops, lack of opportunity, an op­ millionaires watch the same TV than two million as recently as 1960). pressive economic system, an in­ programs as everyone else, how can a But the number of movie producers, tolerant ch urch. Play It As It Lays finds person make his mark except by being directors, screenwriters, technicians, Tuesday Weld cracking up under the "creative"? Yet the combination of actors, actresses, singers, dancers, strain of the Hollywood-Las Vegas-jet The Emigrants and Play It As It Lays novelists, magazine writers, artists, set-divorce-abortion syndrome. She's suggests that what is presently sculptors, journalists, musicians, radio an ex-model catapulted to film regarded as" creativity" is not creative and TV people, advertising people, stardom by her movie director ex-hus­ at all. It may well be the opposite, in public relations specialists and, yes, band; in the process her life is milked fact. movie critics is at least 1.1 million and dry by the so-called creative processes The Emigrants is a succinct seems to be growing all the time. We of those around her. evocation of a time, really not so long may not have to worry about where Now, we all know what it means to ago, when creativity involved two our next meal is coming from or be creative. At this particular moment functions: making babies and making whether we'll catch pneumonia, but there is perhaps no attribute so food to feed them. It was a time when we have a huge army of media people cherished in this country as creativity. most people were farmers who wanted whose livelihood depends on finding It is prized more than honesty, nothing more than to be left alone to other problems for us to worry about.

(NOTE: Th e bold lace letter following each film is the classification given to the film by the motion pic­ ture industry. These ratings don't always make sense, and some theatre owners ignore them, bur they do give a vague idea of a Ii/m's suitability for children. G A J denotes open to all ages; GP, open ro all bur parental selective gu discretion is advised; R, those under 17 must be ac­ companied by an adult; X, no one admitted under age BUTTERFLIES ARE FREE-Edward Albert plays a proving anything, and right from the start we suspect 17.-D.R.) blind youth trying to break away from his overpro­ that something ominous will happen to the four tective mother and make it on his own in Haight-Ash­ adventurers. Sure enough, it does, but the blame for THE ASSASSINATION OF TROTSKY - Can a his­ bury; Goldie Hawn is his flighty next-door neighbor. what transpires or the point of the story is likely to es­ toric event be made into a dull, meaningless motion They bring out the best in each other, and in his cape you. Director John Boorman brilliantly conveys picture? Director Joseph Losey proves it can be done! mother as well, and presumably they all live happily the tension of men fighting for their lives against Richard Burton plays Trotsky, Alain Delon is the as­ ever after. It's a generally satisfying, if talky, canned rivers, mountains and other men, but the pretentious sassin. PG play about human relationships, but it lacks the hard dialogue about getting back to nature and the " game edge of reality: The pieces fit together a bit too per­ of life,. is embarrassing. With Burt Reynolds and Jon BAD COMPANY - Jeff Bridges and Barry Brown fectly to be believed. With Eileen Heckart, from Voight; from James Dickey's novel. R are draft dodgers, 1863 style, heading west to avoid the Leonard Gershe's play; Milton Katselas directed. PG Civil War. The prairie has rarely seemed so desolate DIRTY MOUTH-The ordeal of the late Lenny and uncertain, and there are some wonderful CANCEL MY RESERVATION - Further proof that Bruce, who was harassed and persecuted for his night moments when travelers' paths cross- most notably Bob Hope is outdated, as if further proof were neces­ club acts which ridiculed American sacred cows of the a scene in which an old U.S. marshal and a veteran sary. With Eva Maria Saint; Paul Bogart directed. G '50s and '60s. Bruce may have paved the way for outlaw exchange reminiscences before the latter's today's broader tolerance, but it's interesting to note execution. But the main story-the development of a CONQUEST OF THE PLANET OF THE APES - that " respectable ·· entertainers still shun association relationship between teen thug Bridges and pious Oppressed and enslaved by humans, the Apes stage with his name, which is why the burden of telling his hypocrite Brown - doesn't quite come off. Robert an urban revolt that is coordinated and executed a story has been left to this embarrassingly amateur film. Benton directed. PG good deal more efficiently than anything America's Bernie Tra vis is Bruce; written and directed by real-life human revolutionaries have yet produced. Herbert Altman. R BLUEBEARD-Edward Dmytryk has transformed Like its predecessors in the apparently never-ending the legendary wife-killer into a decadent Nazi aris­ series of ape analogy films, Conquest may impress THE DISCREET CHARM OF THE BOURGEOISIE - tocrat who kills because he's ashamed of his im­ comic book readers with its symbolism. As in Ben, the Luis Bunuel has created a delightful lampoon about potence. Better Richard Burton should kill because humans are so mean and stupid ~s to be beyond six Parisians who seem to spend all their time dodging he's ashamed of his wooden acting. And Joey belief. And why do so many film makers automati­ real or imaginary middle-class taboos. It's the sort of Heatherton is downright embarrassing as his last wife. cally assume that the world of the future will be totali­ film Kafka might have made if he had a sense of A colossal time-waster. R tarian and antiseptic? With Roddy McDowell and Don humor. Frequently hilarious, always charming. With Murray; J. Lee Thompson directed. PG Fernando Rey, Stephane Audran. In French with BORN BLACK-Through a medical fluke, the English subtitles. PG white wife of a prominent Hamburg businessman has DELIVERANCE-Four suburban husbands, a black baby - on camera, yet - and her life gets anxious to prove their manhood, take a canoe trip DULCIMA-Eccentric English country bumpkin pretty messed up as a result. A junky German down a rapids-infested river in northern Georgia. John Mills experiences lust and jealousy when Carol exploitation film, atrociously acted and dubbed; its Their presence is an affront to the local mountain folk White comes to keep house for him. Yawn. Frank Nes­ sole redeeming virtue is the fact that its story is true. who are more concerned with survival than with bitt directed. PG Rolf Von Sydow directed. R

58 Sand lap per am not suggesting that the the film the Swedish travelers, having solution to modern problems is to trekked to Minnesota, come across a shoot the messenger who bears the young man hidden away in a desolate Snow Leopard bad news. I am not saying we shouldn't barn. He turns out to be the son of one cherish our communicators and our of the women in the group. She asks watchdogs. I am suggesting that we him what he's doing in the barn, and seem to have a hell of a lot of he replies that he lives there. The old messengers and watchdogs these days woman reminds him that he had and relatively few genuine creators in written to her that he was doing very the sense that, say, a farmer is a well in America, that he had his own genuine creator. farm. The medium really is the message, "Show me your farm," she and one of the best things about The demands. Emigrants is its brilliance at recapturing Now, if her son had had the benefit ""'":- a time when people didn't have mass of conditioning by movies and novels, ,;~ media to tell them how to act. There he would have broken into tears and was such a time, you know. Women shouted, "There is no farm! It was all a by Guy Coheleach didn't faint until the novel came along fairy tale! Let's face it, Mom-your and developed fainting as an ap­ darling son is a failure. Always has been Signed limited edition prints propriate feminine reaction toshock­ and always will be!" 32" by 25" in full color ing news. Without the mass media's Instead, the man simply looks away promotion of cigarettes as stylish, and says to the others, "Come on in are priced at $ 60.00. sophisticated and sexually attractive, now." Which is probably the way it American men might still be chewing would have been. Bull Durham. When John Steinbeck Our modern preoccupation with drove across America for his book This new Frame House Gallery how we look and act, as opposed to Travels With Charley, he discovered what we do, is the target of Luis release is now available at that many regional accents and dialects Bunuel's merry lampoon of upper­ were disappearing, victims of " forty middle-class manners, The Discreet years of radio and twenty years of 7fave11J Charm of the Bourgeoisie. Bunuel's six television." Fra me-lt-Y ourself characters face the challenge of main­ \I} There is no trace of any of this taining proper etiquette amid a series 2812 DEVINE STREET media sophistication in the 1844 world of Kafkaesque nightmares, and for the COLUMBIA, S.C. 256 - 4055 of The Emigrants. Toward the end of

\~:H::,::::::,::;:;;::i::::::i::;::i::i::: .. :!::;:;;::,:: ·:·:i::;::;::i::::::;::;:;;::;{

t I (!'. ·,\ THE SOUTH CAROLINA DISPENSARY I; { a bottle collector's atlas and hlstorg of the sgstam ,::;: ide to movies ~ .~

THE EMIGRANTS - Swedish families leave their going anywhere. There is a simple, painful realism to homes to settle in America, 1844. With remarkable this film that speaks volumes about anyone who has vividness and economy, director Jan Troell portrays ever been on a treadmill. John Huston directed, from }!{ the physical and political hardships of the old world, Leonard Gartner's novel. PG the agony of the decision to leave, and the difficulties of passage and of settling in the new country. Result: a FRENZY-Justice is sweet in this Alfred Hitchcock marvelously human chapter in American civilization film about an innocent man whose unfortunate cir­ - a document attesting to the strength this country cumstances link him with a series of sex murders. A has derived from its immigrants. A masterpiece. With masterful crime mystery, expertly assembled, albeit Max von Sydow and Liv Ullmann; in Swedish with with echoes of Dia/ M for Murder toward the end. English subtitles. PG With Jon Finch and Barry Foster. R

EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW THE GODSON - The loneliness of the short-dis­ ABOUT SEX (BUT WHERE AFRAID TO ASK)-Woody tance contract killer. Alain Delon pulls a Paris hit job Allen's latest romp is a sexual vaudeville show built for the syndicate, then is pursued by his employers around seven questions in Dr. David Reuben's book. and the police. Lifeless. French-made with English As in Allen's previous works, there is high hilarity, dubbing. Jean-Pierre Melville directed. PG originality and irreverence mixed in with tedium and tastelessness. But where else can you see Lou Jacobi as THE GREAT NORTHFIELD, MINNESOTA RAID - a transvestite, Gene Wilder as a doctor in love with a This latest interpretation of the James gang portrays sheep, or Allen as a sperm cell? With Lynn Redgrave, Cole Younger as a decent fellow and Jesse James as John Carradine, many others. R something of a madman. Director Philip Kaufman goes in heavily for frontier slice-of-life scenes, a la $12.50 FAREWELL UNCLE TOM - Garbage mas­ McCabe and Mrs. Miller. He doesn 't quite succeed, querading as social relevance. Gualtiero Jacopetti but it's a good try, and Cliff Robertson is very (Mondo Cane) and Franco Prosperi purport to take us appealling as Younger. With Robert Duvall as Jesse A vai/ab/e at better bookstores on a guided tour of the evils of American slavery, but James. PG everywhere or use the order their camera is a leering voyeur, not a social scientist. form enclosed in this issue. An amateurish, crass attempt to make money on a THE GREAT WALTZ-An opera boul/e version of subject that does indeed need to be explored more the life of the Viennese waltz king, Johann Strauss the thoroughly on film. X younger. It's refreshing to see a screen biography in sandlapper press, inc. which the characters sing and dance instead of stan­ FAT CITY-Stacy Keach is a down-and-out boxer ding about stiffly making expository speeches. Not a .. ·.-: trying, at age 29, to make a comeback; Jeff Bridges is bad way to spend an evening. With Horst Bucholz, ft:::i::i::1::i::::::i::i::1::1::::::1::1::i::i::::::i::1::;::i::::::i::;::i::1::::::i::c:·:: an up-and-coming young fighter; neither of them is Mary Costa; written, produced and directed by Andrew Stone. G February 1973 59 am not suggesting that the the film the Swedish travelers, having solution to modern problems is to trekked to Minnesota, come across a shoot the messenger who bears the young man hidden away in a desolate Snow Leopard bad news. I am not saying we shouldn't barn. He turns out to be the son of one ·.·rr cherish our communicators and our of the women in the group. She asks .,, ~ watchdogs. I am suggesting that we him what he's doing in the barn, and "''fr, " seem to have a hell of a lot of he replies that he lives there. The old '' messengers and watchdogs these days woman reminds him that he had and relatively few genuine creators in written to her that he was doing very the sense that, say, a farmer is a well in America, that he had his own genuine creator. farm. The medium really is the message, "Show me your farm," she and one of the best things about The demands. Emigrants is its brilliance at recapturing Now, if her son had had the benefit -:­ a time when people didn't have mass of conditioning by movies and novels, Pi media to tell them how to act. There he would have broken into tears and was such a time, you know. Women shouted, "There is no farm! It was all a by Guy Coheleach didn't faint until the novel came along fairy tale! Let's face it, Mom-your and developed fainting as an ap­ darling son is a failure. Always has been Signed limited edition prints propriate feminine reaction to shock­ and always will be!" 3 2" by 25" in full color ing news. Without the mass media's Instead, the man simply looks away promotion of cigarettes as stylish, and says to the others, "Come on in are priced at $ 60.00. sophisticated and sexually attractive, now." Which is probably the way it American men might still be chewing would have been. Bull Durham. When John Steinbeck Our modern preoccupation with drove across America for his book This new Frame House Gallery how we look and act, as opposed to Travels With Charley, he discovered what we do, is the target of Luis release is now available at that many regional accents and dialects Bunuel's merry lampoon of upper­ were disappearing, victims of "forty middle-class manners, The Discreet years of radio and twenty years of 7tavenJ Charm of the Bourgeoisie. Bunuel's six television." Frame-It-Yourself characters face the challenge of main­ \I) There is no trace of any of this taining proper etiquette amid a series 2812 DEVINE STREET media sophistication in the 1844 world of Kafkaesque nightmares, and for the COLUMBIA, S.C. 256 - 4055 of The Emigrants. Toward the end of

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THE EMIGRANTS - Swedish families leave their going anywhere. There is a simple, painful realism to homes to settle in America, 1844. With remarkable this film that speaks volumes about anyone who has vividness and economy, director Jan Troell portrays ever been on a treadmill. John Huston directed, from the physical and political hardships of the old world, Leonard Gartner's novel. PG the agony of the decision to leave, and the difficulties of passage and of settling in the new country. Result: a FRENZY-Justice is sweet in this Alfred Hitchcock marvelously human chapter in American civilization film about an innocent man whose unfortunate cir­ - a document attesting to the strength this country cumstances link him with a series of sex murders. A has derived from its immigrants. A masterpiece. With masterful crime mystery, expertly assembled, albeit Max van Sydow and Liv Ullmann; in Swedish with with echoes of Dia/ M for Murder toward the end. English subtitles. PG With Jon Finch and Barry Foster. R

EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW THE GODSON - The loneliness of the short-dis­ ABOUT SEX (BUT WHERE AFRAID TO ASK)-Woody tance contract killer. Alain Delon pulls a Paris hit job Allen's latest romp is a sexual vaudeville show built for the syndicate, then is pursued by his employers around seven questions in Dr. David Reuben's book. and the police. Lifeless. French-made with English As in Allen's previous works, there is high hilarity, dubbing. Jean-Pierre Melville directed. PG originality and irreverence mixed in with tedium and tastelessness. But where else can you see Lou Jacobi as THE GREAT NORTHFIELD, MINNESOTA RAID - a transvestite, Gene Wilder as a doctor in love with a This latest interpretation of the James gang portrays sheep, or Allen as a sperm cell? With Lynn Redgrave, Cole Younger as a decent fellow and Jesse James as John Carradine, many others. R something of a madman. Director Philip Kaufman goes in heavily for frontier slice-of-life scenes, a la $12.50 FAREWELL UNCLE TOM - Garbage mas­ McCabe and Mrs. Miller. He doesn 't quite succeed, querading as social relevance. Gualtiero Jacopetti but it's a good try, and Cliff Robertson is very Available at better bookstores (Mondo Cane) and Franco Prosperi purport to take us appealling as Younger. With Robert Duvall as Jesse on a guided tour of the evils of American slavery, but James. PG everywhere or use the order their camera is a leering voyeur, not a social scientist. form enclosed in this issue. An amateurish, crass attempt to make money on a THE GREAT WALTZ- An opera bouffe version of subject that does indeed need to be explored more the life of the Viennese waltz king, Johann Strauss the thoroughly on film. X younger. It's refreshing to see a screen biography in sandlapper press, inc. which the characters sing and dance instead of stan­ FAT CITY-Stacy Keach is a down-and-out boxer ding about stiffly making expository speeches. Not a trying, at age 29, to make a comeback; Jeff Bridges is bad way to spend an evening. With Horst Bucholz, ::r:::f::i::!::i::::::1::1::1::1::::::1::1::1::1::::::i::1::;::i:::::::::!::;::1::: ::: i::;:--=-: an up-and-coming young fighter; neither of them is Mary Costa; written, produced and directed by Andrew Stone. G February 1973 59 most part they pass the test with flying the butler drops the turkey on the doesn't take much imagination to sup­ colors. floor, brushes it off and places iton the pose that Tuesday Weld in Play It could As the film opens four guests arrive table, after which a curtain parts and be, say, the great-great-granddaughter at a dinner party, only to learn that they the guests discover they are sitting on of Max Von Sydow in The Emigrants. were supposed to come the following the stage of a crowded auditorium. Do you suppose Von Sydow would night. They adjourn to a nearby inn, Through it all, the characters maintain have permitted himself that smile if he where the staff is weeping over the their grace and decorum; the im­ had known .... ? body of the manager, waiting to be portant thing in life, you see, is how Perhaps none of these thoughts carted off to a funeral home; the you drink a dry martini or how you would have occurred to me if I hadn't headwaiter assures the guests that an slice a leg of lamb. seen Play It As It Lays on a night it was excellent meal is in store for them de­ The Emigrants ends on an upbeat being sneak-previewed in a theatre spite the presence of the corpse. note as Von Sydow, having endured that was also showing The Emigrants. Teatime conversation is interrupted by hardship and privation all his life, Play It As It Lays has much to a waiter regretfully advising his cus­ stakes his claim to a plot of rich recommend it, and you realize what a tomers that the cafe is al I out of tea. Minnesota farmland. Resting under a shallow work it is only when you see it Coffee, too. Other dinner parties are tree after years of struggle, he permits next to something like The Emigrants. interrupted by the arrival of army himself the faintest trace of a smile. Still, that shallowness is in itself troops on maneuvers, by machine­ Play It As It Lays ends on a dismal note profound. Jan Troell is working on a se­ gun-toting Marseille hoodlums and by as Tuesday Weld, having conclusively quel to The Emigrants, called The New police agents who toss the guests in demonstrated that there is no way her Land, and I'm looking forward to it. I jail, where they are set free by the messed-up life is likely to be can't help but wonder, though, if the bloody ghost of a martyred police straightened out, is asked why she goes ultimate sequel to The Emigrants isn't sergeant. At still another dinner party, on living. " Why not? " she replies. It Pia y It As It Lays.

HEAT - Joe D' Allesandro (Trash) plays a former MAN OF LA MANCHA - Dale Wasserman's PLAY IT AS IT LAYS- Tuesday Weld plays a model­ child TV star who comes to Hollywood to get back into musical about Don Quixote and the triumph of turned-actress whose life has been milked dry by the show business and winds up, Sunset Boulevard style, imagination over reality suffers at the hands of so-called creative processes of those around her. She living off Sylvia Miles, an over-the-hill showgirl whose producer-director Arthur Hiller; his imagination moves in a world of jet-set predators who have biggest current problem is keeping her teenage les­ seems limited to Sophia Loren's bustline, and in­ become incapable of human feeling.and, like most of bian daughter out of the gossip columns. The usual variably he goes for the cheap, obvious laugh at the Joan Didion's depressing characters, are beyond Paul Morissey-Andy Warhol collection of spaced-out expense of subtlety and originality. Peter O'Toole is salvage. Frank Perry's film is adult, intelligent, razor­ characters abounds. Some hilarious moments, but the fellow who dreams the impossible dream; James sharp-and sha llow: In the end it is only a commen­ plenty of tedium, too. Morissey directed. X Coco is his sidekick Sancho Panza. G tary on Hollywood mores, not a demonstration of how easy it is to mess up one's life. With Anthony Perkins; HICKEY AND BOGGS-Lightweight private eye MARJOE-A documentary about traveling from Didion's novel. R caper set in Los Angeles in which Bill Cosby and evangelists, spiced by a rare insider's view: Marjoe Robert Cu Ip try to capitalize on the popularity of their Cortner, himself an evangelist since the age of four, POPSY POP - Grade-D French-made film about I Spy TV roles. Not bad for a TV episode; wait a year or confesses on camera after 24 years of preaching that the heist of some diamonds from a mining community two and that's how you'll see it. Culp directed. G the whole business is a cynical con game and he'd in the Venezuelan jungle. The opening credits advise rather be a rock musician, which is at least an honest us that the author, Henri Charriere, appears on screen JOE KIDD-The Western hero as devil's advocate: profession. His candor is almost as appealing as his "for the first time." This film amply demonstrates why Caught amid a feud between poor Mexicans, rich pitch to revival meetings: If you have faith in God, give he was never let on before. With Stanley Baker, landowners and lawmen, Clint Eastwood solves the me your money. The fact that so many people do isan Claudia Cardinale; Jean Herman directed. Dubbed, dilemma by shooting or punching whomever interesting commentary on our times, but even at 85 badly. PG happens to be nearby. Garbage. With Robert Duvall; minutes the film is a bit long for what it delivers. Sarah John Sturges directed. PG Kernochnan and Howard Smith directed. PG THE POSEIDON ADVENTURE - An ocean liner capsizes and some of the passengers-a convenient cross-sectioh of Hollywood stereotypes, even in­ JUNIOR BONNER-There's a fine feel for personal THE MECHANIC - Charles Bronson is a profes­ cluding a prostitute with a heart of gold-try to find relationships, along with a heavy-handed attempt to sional killer who takes pride in his clean jobs. He's also their way out while simu ltaneously psychoanalyzing say something about contemporary commer­ lonely. Maybe he has bad breath? Michael Winner each other. Ludicrous. With Gene Hackman, Ernest cialization, in this story of an Arizona rodeo. Steve directed. PG Borgnine, lotsa big names;Ronald Neame directed. McQueen is the ex-rodeo champ who can't get the PG sport out of his system; Robert Preston is his father, THE NEW CENTURIONS-Best of the current crop suffering from a similar affliction. Sam Peckinpah of cops-eye-view films-a sooer even-handed work PULP - Writer-director Mike Hodges tries to directed. PG that portrays police as well as their adversaries as humans subject to human weaknesses. The heroes are parody Mickey Spillane, but the real thing would be not detectives tracking down a long range assign­ better. Michael Caine plays a writer of pulp novels KANSAS CITY BOMBER-Raquel Welch plays a who gets involved in some Mediterranean intrigue. roller derby queen in a film that is every bit as dopey ment, but beat policemen who must function in an irrational, unpredictable world day after day without Confusing, and not worth figuring out. With Mickey and pointless as the roller derby itself. Jerrold Freed­ Rooney. PG man directed. PG the satisfaction of major accomplishments. The film rapidly telescopes several years in the lives of several Los Angeles policemen-their ambitions, their fears, RAGE - "I guess you know a lot more about this LADY SINGS THE BLUES - Long, slow-moving how they learn to cope with the system and the strain sort of thing than I do," says the Wyoming country standard Hollywood show-biz biography. Diana Ross it places on their personalities and their home lives. doctor when Public Hea lth officials ask him to hush up stars as jazz singer Billie Holiday, whose legendary We spend much of the film wondering who will be the fact that his patient has been poisoned by an Army career was destroyed by drug addiction, but the film shot next, and why, but that is precisely the point. Well nerve gas testing accident. According to director-star never gets beneath the surface to the root of her done. With George C. Scott, and Tracy Keach; Richard George C. Scott, that's the rationale by which problem: the daily heaping of petty indignities on a Fleischer directed. From Joseph Wambaugh's novel. R institutions designed to serve people-in this case sensitive, talented black woman by a racist white hospitals, research laboratories and the armed society. Instead, we are led to believe that Holiday PLAY IT AGAIN, SAM-Woody Allen is back in his forces-actually destroy people in the course of became• junkie because (1) she was tired and lonely familiar comic role as the poor schnook who can't covering up their own mistakes. When Scott shows and (2) she witnessed a lynching and a Ku Klux Klan even make it with a nymphomaniac. With some help the bureaucratic processes brutalizing the rancher parade. Some good moments when Ross is onstage from his idol Humphrey Bogart, he gains confidence and his son, this film is gripping indeed. But when the doing Holiday's old numbers. With Billy Dee in himself and learns to score with the opposite sex. emphasis shifts to the rancher's revenge, it becomes Williams; Sidney Furie directed. R The slapstick humor is sometimes hilarious, some­ simply one more action film, and not a very times disappointing, but there is a poignant under­ imaginative one at that. With Richard Basehart. PG LOOT-A very funny film, in the finest tradition of current to this film that perhaps tells us more about British crime-caper farces. Hywel Bennett and Milo our sexual fantasies and inadequacies than most of us THE RED MANTLE - A re-release of Hagbard and O'Shea play a pair of half-wits who rob a vault and would care to admit. Clips from Casablanca and Signe, medieval Iceland's answer to Romeo and Juliet. can't decide whereto hide the money; Richard Atten­ references to other Bogey films will give Bogart lovers Some intriguing insights into 11th century Iceland are borough is the Scotland Yard inspector, so intent on in the audience the chance to nod knowingly at each undercut by 20th century American background playing cops and robbers that he never sees the other. With Diane Keaton, Tony Roberts, Susan music, including a blues singer who sounds like she evidence right before his eyes. With Lee Remick; Anspach, and Jerry Lacy as Bogart; Herbert Ross came straight from the Pump Room. With Oleg Vidov Sylvio Narizano directed. PG directed. PG and Gitte Haenning; Gabriel Axel directed. R 60 Sand lap per THE RULING CLASS - A brilliant, outrageously themselves labeled traitors. A chilling, emotionally biting satire of popular notions of respectability and draining portrait of human self-delusion, salvaged by insanity. Peter O'Toole plays a schizophrenic British the simple charm of Resistance fighters who managed earl who thinks he's Jesus Christ and likes to break into to follow their consciences throughout the war de­ song and dance routines on impulse; cured of his spite the obstacles of their own government. Four and delusions, he becomes a killer, admired and a half hours; in French, German and occasionally respected by polite society. A substantial mixture of English; subtitles and voice-over translations fantasy and harsh reality that never loses its cutting provided. G edge; among other things, the film lends plausibility to recent reports that Jack the Ripper may have been a SOUNDER- At last.a film in which black pride in­ British nobleman. Finer performances all around, volves something more than the destruction of especially by Arthur Lowe as a meek butler who aban­ whites. Paul Winfield plays Nathan Morgan, a black dons his respectful demeanor when he inherits a sharecropper in Louisiana, 1933; when he is sent to a fortune from his employer. Peter Medak directed, prison camp his wife and three children are left to from Peter Barnes' play. PG survive on their own. Under the direction of Martin Ritt, the Morgans are seen as intelligent and sensitive SAVAGE MESSIAH - La Boheme, Ken Russell people in the context of their own home,shiftless and style. An occasionally refreshing approach to the role ignorant in the context of white society. An admirably of the artist in society, in this case sculptor Henri understated commentary on human relationships that Gaudier Brzeska. The manic vitality of the pre-World will very gently gnaw away at your insides. And the War I art scene in Paris and London is adequately rural Louisiana setting, like the rest of the film, has the conveyed, but Russell can't resist self-conscious ring of authenticity. With Cicely Tyson, Kevin Hooks. cinematic tricks that are strictly from a later era. Scott G Antony is the non-conformist hero; Dorothy Tutin is his middle-aged love. R THEY ONLY KILL THEIR MASTERS - An old­ fashioned, easy-going small town mystery in which we THE SALZBURG CONNECTION - One of those learn, among other things, that a dog is innocent of spy vs. counter-spy vs. counter-counter-spy films that, murder and June Allyson is a dyke. James Garner, when you put it all together, adds up to nothing. Nice Katharine Ross; James Goldstone directed. PG Salzburg scenery, though. With Barry Newman and Anna Karina; Lee Katzin directed, from Helen TROUBLE MAN- Robert Hooks is a cool, abrasive Maclnnes's novel. PG dude who helps the meek and the afflicted, thus building up a network of friends and information DOllllfJIDIB A SEPARATE PEACE - It's 1942, see, and there's sources. Isn't this how the Godfather got started? this New England prep school where sheltered boys Above ave rage black action film, fast-moving, fast­ are playing cruel games with each other while out in talking, and more logical than most. Ivan Dixon GOLUMII! the real world soldiers are dying. Do you grasp the directed. R multitudinous ironies inherent in this situation? You don't? Come on now, where's your sense of THE VALA CHI PAPERS - Di reeler Terence Young ... IS THE SCENE! symbolism? With John Heyl and Parker Stevenson; has ruined one of the most fascinating true stories of Larry Peerce directed, from the novel by John modern times - that of Joe Valachi, the Mafia Knowles. PG underling who broke his oath of silence and told all in 1963, thus providing the first public glimpse of life in­ 1776 - The Founding Fathers are gently lifted from side the Mafia. Young seems to have boned up forth is their pedestals and cut down to human size in this en­ one by studying not the Vala chi papers, but theJunny joyable musical comedy. They come off looking like papers: His characters remain eternally youthful, DOWNUNDER IS .. . pretty smart cookies anyway. The music is un­ even though the film covers 35 years, and they say distinguished and much of the humor is straight out of things like," I cannot bring back thedead,only kill the the TV situation comedies, but the novelty of the ap­ living." With Charles Bronson; from the book by • a smorgasbord of pubs proach is enough to make the whole thing good fun. Peter Maas. R With William Daniels, Howard da Silva, Ken Howard; Peter Hunt directed, from Sherman Edward's • gourmet dining WHERE DOES IT HURH-Peter Sellers is perfect as Broadway show. G the medical world's answer to Sergeant Bilka - a hos­ pital administrator who has found every conceivable • live entertainment SKYJACKED-Artifi cial tension galore as a mad­ angle for bilking his patients and staff, from unneces­ man tries to hijack a commercial airliner filled with sary operations to blackmail to a nonfunctioning Pepsi • exciting underground stereotypes who represent MGM's idea of a cross-sec­ machi ne. The rest of this corned,)', though, is uneven, tion of the American public, 1972 version. That and so is the cast. Better than Hospital, which atmosphere doesn't stop the pilot (Charlton Heston) from trying to portrayed similar bungling, but the classic broad farce pull some incongruous 19th century heroics. about doctors and hospitals - one that pulls no Unadulterated Hollywood escapism, even to a con­ punches - is sti ll waiting to be made. Rod Amateau clusion which is straight out of High Noon. With James directed. R Brolin, Yvette Mimieux; John Guillerman directed. PG THE WRATH OF GOD-Low-mentality comedy about an American, an Englishman and an Irishman SLAUGHTERHOUSE-FIVE- An ambitious mixture who laugh their way through revolution-torn Mexico, MAKE IT WHENEVER of terror and fantasy in which we explore the psyche machine-gunning stray Mexicans and pulling other of a middle-aged optometrist whose World War II hilarious tricks, like Bob Mitchum dressing up as a YOU'RE IN experiences have shattered his life. His visions of the priest and administering last rites to firing squad vic­ past and future as well as the characterizations-all tims. They gP.t away with it because, as all good movie THE CAPITAL CITY. taken from Kurt Vonnegut's novel-make this a highly fans know, Anglo-Saxons lead charmed lives. Ralph original work. Vonnegut's trouble (and director Nelson directed. PG George Roy Hill's) is that he insists on beating us over the head with his heavy-handed message when there is no need to do so. But as in Johnny Got His Gun, the YOUNG WINSTON - A creaking monstrosity of cumulative effect of the beating stays with you. Well­ a historical epic, dealing with the early years of acted by Michael Sacks and Ron Leibman. R Winston Churchill, notably his battle adventures in In­ dia, the Sudan and South Africa. Director Richard Attenborough holds his subject in such awe that he THE SORROW AND THE PITY-A monumental makes no attempt to weed out the trivia from documentary, perhaps the finest ever made, about Churchill's memoirs. The result is a series of dis­ the German occupation of France as manifested in the connected scenes that would hold no interest at all if city of Clermont-Farrand. Thirty years after the fact, we didn't know that the subject of the film tater director Marcel Ophuls interviews townspeople, ex­ became famous. Instead of newspaper headlines flip­ diplomats, former Wehrmacht and Gestapo BOllllJIDIB ping before the camera, the story is told by talk, talk operatives, former Resistance fighters and even Pierre and more talk: Churchill's voice reciting his memoirs, Laval's son-in-law, interspersing these clips with voices reading letters, reporters interviewing the footage from German and French newsreels of the film's characters. A tiresome disappointment. Simon COLlJHIII time. What emerges is a damning indictment of the Ward is Churchill; Robert Shaw and Anne Bancroft French for believing that collaboration with the Nazis are his parents. G incorporated was preferable to defeat. Ophuls' exacting reportage and incisive interviewing re-create a nightmare period when Frenchmen who fought the Nazis found

February 1973 61 I. JENKINS MIKELL, JR. februarp weather

-Prepared by H. Landers, N.0.A.A. National Weather Service Climatologist for South Carolina

February rainfall amounts range from about 3 1/2 inches in the outer coastal plain to 4 or 5 inches in the Piedmont to 6 inches in the mountains. Rain occurs on about 6 days along the coast, 8 days in the mountains and upper Piedmont, and 7 days elsewhere. One-half to 1 inches of snow may fall on the Piedmont and 1 to 2 inches in the mountains. The greatest February monthly rainfall was 15.58 inches at Caesars Head in 1938. The 1-day record rainfall was 6 inches at Caesars Head in 1966. The greatest February snowfall was 33.9 inches at Caesars Head in 1969, and the greatest daily amount was 21.8 inches at the same location on Feb. 16, 1969.

Maximum temperatures average from 56 to 63 degrees around the state on Feb­ ruary 1 and increase by 4 or 5 degrees by the 18th. The minimums of 32 to 39 degrees on February 1 increase 3 or 4 degrees during the month. Freezing temperatures are experienced on half of the days in the northwest and on 1 day out of 3 in the warmer • Life Insurance parts of the state. The highest February temperature was 88 degrees and has occurred • Pension Plans at several southern stations in different years. The lowest February temperature was • Group Insurance -11 degrees and was registered at Santuck and Shaws Fork on Feb. 14, 1899. • Health Insurance PRECIPITATION • Annuities Probability of Receiving At Least the Amount of New York Life Insurance Co. Greatest on Location Rain Shown Record S.C.N. Center, Main St. (inches) P .0 . Box 11803 (25%) (75%) Columbia, S.C. 29211 1 chance 3 chances 252-5657 in 4 in 4

Aiken 5.90 1.71 10.35 Delightful Compliment Beaufort 4.59 1.89 9.49 Camden 5.40 2.26 9.82 to Charleston 4.90 1.69 6.32 Any Decor Cheraw 4.80 1.82 10.19 Chester 5.30 2.87 7.94 Clemson 6.49 3.22 12.48 0 Columbia 5.33 1.80 8.68 Conway 5.33 1.52 8.70 Georgetown 4.76 1.53 10.50 Greenwood 6.04 3.18 9.76 Kingstree 5.40 1.76 7.32 Orangeburg 5.03 1.76 9.64 Spartanburg 5.95 2.97 10.22

TEMPERATURE

February 1 February 28 Records Location Max. Min. Max. Min. Highest Lowest

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