Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Tutorial

Chuck Kutscher Director Buildings and Thermal Systems Center

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Module 3: Solar Thermal and Concentrating Solar Power Technology

CSP: Systems and Components: Parabolic Trough

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Module 3: Solar Thermal and Concentrating Solar Power Technology

CSP: Systems and Components: Power Tower

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Module 3: Solar Thermal and Concentrating Solar Power Technology Stand-Alone Solar Power Plant: Power Tower

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Primary Cooling Options Background

1. Wet cooling 2. Dry cooling 3. Hybrid cooling

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Solar Solar Generation Land Area Capacity Capacity State (mi2)(MW)GWh AZ 13,613 1,742,461 4,121,268 CA 6,278 803,647 1,900,786 CO 6,232 797,758 1,886,858 NV 11,090 1,419,480 3,357,355 NM 20,356 2,605,585 6,162,729 UT 6,374 815,880 1,929,719 TX 23,288 2,980,823 7,050,242 Total 87,232 11,165,633 26,408,956

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ea 2013-2014: US CSP High Water Mark

Project Solana Ivanpah Genesis Crescent Dunes Mojave

Utility APS SCE + PG&E PG&E NVE PG&E

State Arizona California California Nevada California Size 280 MW 392 MW 250 MW 110 MW 280 MW Technology Trough/Storage To we r Trough Tower/Storage Trough

COD Oct. 2013 Feb. 2014 2014 June 2014 Late 2014 DOE Loan $1.45 B $1.63 B $0.85 B $.74 B $1.2 B

Company Abengoa BrightSource NextEra SolarReserve Abengoa

Total CSP under construction: 1,312 MW

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Base case conﬁguration has: • a solar multiple (SM) of 1.3 • 6 hours of thermal storage storage

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Relative value (operational + capacity) of CSP is • $48/MWh greater than PV in 33% scenario • $63/MWh greater in 40% scenario

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100 Effect of Ambient Temperature on Traditional Way of Plotting Efficiency

101 Effect of Ambient Temperature on New Way of Plotting Efficiency

102 Collapsing Radiation Curves

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Field test

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116 Modeling of test using water for thermal mass

117 Temperature Profiles at Different Locations Inside Receiver

Absorber

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National Renewable Energy Laboratory 125 Supercritical-CO2 Power Towers

PCM Thermal Storage

Solar Receiver

Generator Main Turbine Compressor

Precooler

Recuperator Attractive features of s-CO2 Cycle

• Simpler cycle design than steam Rankine • Higher efficiency than steam Rankine • High-density working fluid yields compact turbomachinery • Wide range of efficient turbine sizes: 10 to 300 MWe • Low-cost, low-toxicity, low-corrosivity, thermally stable working fluid • Single phase fluid reduces operational complexity

National Renewable Energy Laboratory 127 8,20'*1

`a Advanced Materials Development

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National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future S-CO2 Corrosion Testing

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`b Particle Receiver and Storage Integrated with Fluidized-Bed Heat Exchanger

Incident solar flux on tubularullar absorber openings NREL Particle Receiver with Integrated Fluidized Bed Project

Develop particle receiver design that meets design metrics of 800ºC particle- exit temperature, ≥90% thermal efficiency, with adequate service life, and cost below $150/kWt. Perform on-sun test of particle receiver prototype with on-sun testing results, reaches ≥ 90% calculated thermal Incident solar flux on efficiency for a commercial-scale product. tubular absorber openings Design a preliminary FB-CSP thermal system for the integration with different power cycles. Schematic of the NREL Particle Receiver Objective: By using low-cost, stable material and improving CSP plant performance, the development intends to reduce the CSP LCOE by 20%.

`b g Critical Components for FB-CSP System Integration

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