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Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 50(1) 1983

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Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 50(1) 1983 Volume 50 January 1983 Number 1 PROCEEDINGS of The Helminthological Society of Washington A semiannual /ourncr/ of research devoted to Helminthology and all branches of Parasitology Supported in part by the Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund Subscription $18.00 a Volume; Foreign, $19.00 CONTENTS MEASURES, LENA N. and R. C. ANDERSON. New Subspecies of the Stomach Worm. Obeliscoides cuniculi (Graybill), of Lagomorphs 1 MEASURES, LENA N. and R. C. ANDERSON. Development of Free-Living Stages of Obeliscoides cuniculi multistriatus Measures and Anderson, 1983 15 RAUSCH. R. L. and M. L. JOHNSON. Occurrence and Pathogenicity of Heligmoso- moides spp. (Ncmatoda: Heligmosomidae) Associated with Cecal Villi in Arvi- colid Rodents _ 25 KAZACOS, KEVIN R. and JOHN J. TUREK. Scanning Electron Microscopy of the eggs of Baylisascaris procyonis, B. transfuga. and Parascarisequorum, and Their Com- parison with Toxocara canis and Ascaris suuni -~ 36 ENDO, BURTON Y. Ultrastructure of the Stomatal Region of the Juvenile Stage of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines - 43 GLASSBURG, GARTH H., PAUL M. TEFFI, and LEON W. BONE. Juvenoid Effects on Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Heterodera glycines (Ncmatoda) 62 UPTON, STEVE J., CLIFFORD S. CRAWFORD, and RICHARD L. HOFFMAN. A New Species of Thelastomatid (Nematoda: Thelastomatidae) from the Desert Millipede, Or- thoporus ornatus (Diplopoda: Spirostreptidac) 69 (Continued on Outside Back Cover) Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE SOCIETY meets once a month from October through May for the presentation and discussion of papers in any and all branches of parasitology or related sciences. All interested persons are invited to attend. Persons interested in membership in the Helminthological Society of Washington may obtain application blanks from the Recording Secretary. Raymond V. Rebois, USDA/ARS, PPI Nematology, Bldg. Oil A. BARC-WEST, Beltsville, Maryland 20705. A year's subscription to the Proceedings is included in the annual dues ($12.00). OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1983 President: M1LFORD N. LUNDY Vice President: SHERMAN S. HENDR1CKS Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer: MICHAEL D. RUFF Assistant Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer: JEFFREY D. BIER Recording Secretary: RAYMOND V. RFBOIS Archivist: DAVID R. LINCICOME Custodian of Hack Issues: GERHART A. SCHAD Librarian: PATRICIA A. PILITT Representative to the Washington Academy of Sciences: ROBERT S. ISENSTEIN (1976- ) Representative to the American Society of 1'arasiiologists: HARRY HERLICH (1975- ) t:\ccutiveCommittee Members-at-lMrgc. WILLIS A. REID, 1983 JUDITH H. SHAW, 1983 RALPH ECKERLIN, 1984 JOHN F. FINNERTY, 1984 Immediate Past President: LOUIS S. DIAMOND THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOIjOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE PROCEEDINGS are published semiannually at Lawrence. Kansas by the Helminthological Society of Washington. Papers need not be presented at a meeting to be published in the Proceedings. MANUSCRIPTS should be sent to the EDITOR. A. James Haley, Department of Zoology. Uni- versity of Maryland. College Park, Maryland 20742. Manuscripts must be typewritten, double spaced, and in finished form. The original and two copies are required. Photocopies of figures and drawings may be submitted for review purposes; originals will be requested after acceptance of the manuscript. Papers arc accepted with the understanding that they will be published only in the Proceedings. REPRINTS may be ordered from the PRINTER at the same time the corrected proof is returned to the EDITOR. BACK VOLUMES of the Proceedings are available. Inquiries concerning back volumes and current subscriptions should be directed to: Helminthological Society of Washington, c/o Allen Press, Inc., 1041 New Hampshire St., Lawrence. Kansas 66044, U.S.A. BUSINESS OFFICE. The Society's business olfice is at Lawrence, Kansas. All inquiries concerning subscriptions or back issues and all payments for dues, subscriptions, and back issues should be addressed to: Helminthological Society of Washington, c/o Allen Press. Inc.. 1041 New Hampshire St., Lawrence, Kansas 66044, U.S.A. EDITORIAL BOARD A. JAMES HALEY, Editor J. RALPH LICHTENFELS. Editor Elect 1983 1984 1985 DANIEL R. BROOKS WILLIAM C. CAMPBELL ROYC. ANDERSON JOHN L. CR1TES JOHN C. HOLMES RAYMOND M. CABLE GILBERT F. OTTO J. RALPH LICHTENFELS FRANK W. DOUVRES ROBIN M. OVERSTREET JOHN S. MACKIEWICZ RONALD PAYER HARLEY G. SHEFFIELD MARIETTA VOGL DANNY B. PENCE Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington Proc. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 50(1), 1983, pp. 1-14 New Subspecies of the Stomach Worm, Obeliscoides cuniculi (Graybill), of Lagomorphs LENA N. MEASURES AND R. C. ANDERSON Department of Zoology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, NIG 2W1 ABSTRACT: Two new subspecies of Obeliscoides cuniculi are recognized. Obeliscoides cuniculi cu- niculi (Graybill, 1923) Graybill, 1924 occurs in cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus). Obeliscoides cuniculi multistriatus n. subsp. occurs in snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus). Obeliscoides c. cu- niculi has 23-34 longitudinal cuticular ridges at midbody in males and 31^6 in females. Obeliscoides c. multistriatus has 53-76 longitudinal cuticular ridges at midbody in males and 72-127 in females. Ridges are larger and more prominent in O. c. cuniculi than in O. c. multistriatus. Dorsal and ventral ridges extend to the bursa in O. c. cuniculi, but only to the proximal end of spicules in O. c. multistriatus. Lepus probably brought Obeliscoides to North America during the middle Pleistocene when the Bering Land Bridge was open to animal migration. Transfer of O. cuniculi from Lepus americanus to Sylvilagus floridanus and subsequent subspeciation could have occurred during the middle-late Pleistocene, when distribution of animals was disrupted by changes in temperature, moisture, and glacial activity. Obeliscoides cuniculi (Graybill, 1923) Graybill, 1924 is a parasitic roundworm found in the stomach of cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus}, snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus), woodchucks (Marmota monax), and other hosts in North America (Ward, 1934; Maples and Jordan, 1966; Prestwood et al., 1973). How- ever, it is essentially a parasite of lagomorphs. Graybill (1923, 1924) found his specimens in naturally infected domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), but indicated that the source of the infection was probably Sylvilagus floridanus. In the present study, two new subspecies of Obeliscoides cuniculi are recog- nized and described. A possible origin of this subspeciation is also presented. Materials and Methods Specimens of Obeliscoides cuniculi were obtained from the stomachs of wild lagomorphs that were trapped, shot, or snared in Ontario and Alberta. Live an- imals were killed with Somnotol (MTC Pharmaceuticals, Hamilton, Ontario, Can- ada) or Nembutal (Abbott Laboratories, Montreal, Quebec, Canada). Worms were examined live or fixed in 10% buffered formalin or hot glycerin alcohol (1 part glycerin to 9 parts 70% alcohol). Worms fixed in glycerin alcohol were cleared by allowing alcohol in the fixative to evaporate slowly, leaving worms in glycerin. The synlophe was studied by examining the surface of cleared whole mounts and by preparing cross sections of fixed and cleared worms. Cross sections were made at three locations, i.e., (a) in the region of the nerve ring, (b) midbody, and (c) near the distal extremity of spicules or near the anus in females. Cross sections were mounted in glycerin jelly, and longitudinal cuticular ridges were examined and counted using a microscope (400x). Cross sections of spicules were prepared similarly. Some worms were cleared in lactophenol or dissected to study spicules. Worms examined using scanning electron microscopy were fixed in 10% buff- ered formalin and dehydrated through a series of increasing concentrations of Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington 2 • PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY ethyl alcohol. Specimens were dried by critical-point drying using CO2 substitu- tion. Specimens were coated with a layer of gold palladium approximately 2 x 10~5 mm thick in a Technics Hummer 5 Sputter Coater, and were studied with an ETEC Autoscan scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 5-25 kV. The following specimens from the United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, were examined: USNM No. Host Locality 7736 Oryctolagus cuniculus Texas 25470 Oryctolagus cuniculus New Jersey 25471 Oryctolagus cuniculus New Jersey 75434 Sylvilagus floridanus So. Carolina 28292 Sylvilagus sp. Middlefield (Conn.?) 42714 Sylvilagus aquaticus Georgia 67096 Marmota monax New York 66381 Marmota monax Pennsylvania 65628 Odocoileus virginianus Arkansas 58238-2 Ovis canadensis Colorado The following specimens from the National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A OM8, were examined: NMCIC(P) No. Host Locality 1979-261 Lepus americanus Algonquin Park, Ontario 1978-1111 "rabbit" Ontario 1978-1118 Lepus sp. 1978-1216 Lepus americanus Algonquin Park, Ontario In addition, specimens of Obeliscoides cuniculi from Sylvilagus floridanus col- lected in the southeastern United States were examined. Specimens of O. cuniculi that had been maintained in New Zealand white rabbits by continuous passage for 15 yr at the Ontario Veterinary College in Guelph were also examined. These latter specimens were originally obtained from snowshoe hare in Ontario. Two lots of specimens of O. cuniculi
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