Homegoing Syllabus April 2020 © 2019 BHK LLC
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Homegoing Syllabus April 2020 © 2019 BHK LLC. All Rights Reserved. #SmartBrownGirl is a Registered Trademark of BHK LLC. For the Black girls in the forgotten spaces. Bringing together an international community of women of color through reading and dialogue. All SmartBrownGirl® Book Club syllabi and reading guides are curated by a cohort of graduate level #SmartBrownGirl researchers. Your membership and participation in the #SmartBrownGirl Book Club ensures that we can pay all Black women who help run this book club an equitable rate. Smartbrowngirl.com Homegoing Syllabus Author: Morgan Holloman-Bryant Editor: Sierra Croker Facebook | Instagram Table of Contents 06 Author History 07 Book History 08 Reading Tips 09 Overview & Motifs 12 The Discussion 24 General Discussion Questions 24 Final Thoughts 25 Further Reading/Resources Author History Yaa Gyasi is a Ghanaian-American novelist born in Mampong, Ghana in 1989. Her family moved to the United States when Yaa was just a few years old in order for her father to complete his Ph.D. at Ohio State University. Following the completion of his program, the family also lived in both Illinois and Tennessee, Yaa’s family finally settled in Huntsville, Alabama when she was 10 years old. In her younger years, Yaa’s affinity for reading and writing grew and she sought solace in novels as her “closest friends”. After years of battling stigma attached to her experiences as a young immigrant child in Alabama, she was introduced to Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon and decided to pursue a career in writing. After high school, Gyasi attended Stanford University where she earned her Bachelor's degree in English and worked briefly at a San Francisco startup company before attending the University of Iowa where she earned her MFA in their creative writing program and held a Dean’s Graduate Research Fellowship. Published in 2016, her debut novel, Homegoing was inspired by a 2009 trip to Ghana that she was able to take after receiving a grant from her undergraduate institution. During this trip, she took a tour of the Cape Coast Castle and was overwhelmed by the history, leading her to begin writing Homecoming. While the now extremely popular novel was merely a draft, it earned Gyasi a seven-figure advance nearly ensuring the widespread success of her novel. 6 Book History Following the 2016 release of Homegoing, Gyasi was chosen by Ta-Nehisi Coates as one of the National Book Foundation’s “5 Under 35” honorees. Additionally, the novel also was selected for the National Book Critics Circle's John Leonard Award, the PEN/Hemingway award for best first book, and the American Book Award for contributions to diversity in American literature. At the beginning of 2020, Yaa was awarded the Vilcek Prize for Creative Promise in Literature by the Vilcek Foundation. 7 READING TIPS Tips for Fresh Readers TIPS FOR RETURNING 1. You do not have to have profound thoughts right away: Everyone reads and digests at a different pace. Take your READERS time in understanding the text but you do not need to dissect it immediately. Make a note of any points that are significant to you and move on. 1. Put the book in context: Times have changed and so have you. Before rereading 2. Set aside 15-20 mins a day to read: Much like power think about who you were, and where you nap — a power read — can energize your reading and were in life the first time you read the book. help you focus. You do not need large chunks of time. Set Think about who was influencing you/your aside 15-20 mins to read a day and make sure you have no thoughts. (School, friends, family, news etc.) distractions during this time. 2. Be Critical: First reads are a time to be 3. Reflect on what you read: a) What were the open-minded and give the author lead themes and/or major events that had taken place in way to understand their thoughts. Second your selected readings? reads you can be much more critical of the work and its intentions. So get on your 4. Take notes: a) Highlight terms, phrases, quotes etc soapbox boo we got some boxes on that may immediately grab your attention reserve too. 5. Build a personal glossary: If you don’t know a word, 3. Focus on Few Chapters at a Time: circle it, get the definition and reread the section in For non-fiction (and some fiction) it’s not context. This may help you come to a new understanding totally necessary to reread the book of the text or discover concepts you didn’t notice before. chronologically from start to finish. Try focusing on themes that you may have 6. Discuss the book: Healthy discussion on what you grazed over the first time around and already know can entice you to read more and that’s what choose a few chapters to lean into at a time. the #SmartBrownGirl Book Club is here for. Join in on our discussions. Post your questions to the Facebook Group. 7. Author Background: When approaching a text that you’re unfamiliar with, it may be beneficial to do some quick background research on the author, as it can help provide insight on what the text may be discussing. 8 Overview & Motifs: Sankofa, a word in the Twi language of Ghana translates to “Go back and get it.” The Sankofa symbol, known as the ‘Asante Adinkra’ is stylized as a heron or heart shaped image. Originating from the Akan tribe of Ghana, the word symbolizes the Akan people’s lifelong devotion and quest for knowledge. The Akan people believe that there must be a continuous movement towards new learning as time moves forward as to not neglect and forget the history of the African continent and all of her people. While reading Homecoming, evaluate and make note of the historical references in Gyasi’s text. As a Ghanaian-American writer, much of Gyasi’s motivation and knowledge revolves around a diasporic approach to understanding colonialism, oppression and heritage. With Gyasi citing Toni Morrison as a personal inspiration, it is also interesting to consider the transnational feminist lens through which we can analyze and understand a Black American and Black African experience. Evaluate Gyasi’s characters and their personal experiences, specifically as they are tied to their family’s history. Research the following motifs, keep track of characters and make note of them as you read the novel. 9 Homegoing Family Tree Based on information in the text, the timelines for each character are as follows: Effia and Esi’s storyline ranges from the 1760s to the 1780s with their children Quey and Ness’s stories being placed between 1800 and the 1820s. James and Kojo, Effia and Esi’s grandchildren’s stories are between the 1820s and 1860s with Abena and H following in the late 1800s, somewhere between 1860 and the 1890s. Akua and Willie, Abena and H’s children have stories from the 1890s to the 1920s. Yaw and Sonny’s stories follow these between the 1920s and 1980s. Marjorie and Marcus, the latest descendants are sharing their stories in the early 2000s. 10 Motifs: Heritage, History & Cultural Identity: The foundation of Homegoing lies within its overarching premise: the exploration and importance of African/African-American heritage and culture. The novel follows the descendants of Effia and Esi, the daughters of an Asante woman named Maame. Each sister is representative of African and African American culture and their lineages depict the tumultuous outcomes of either path. With neither being uncompromised by the consequences of European colonialism and American chattel slavery, Effia and Esi’s stories are a reminder of how important our “roots”, history and cultures are. As each chapter of the novel focuses on a different descendant of either woman, Gyasi reinforces how cultural heritage and identity are the crux of individual identity. Racism, Chattel Slavery, Systemic Oppression: Racism, slavery and oppression are an integral part of both Effia and Esi’s lineage. Ultimately, racism fuels the storylines of Effia, Esi and their descendants. Even after slavery is abolished, racism continues to fester and despite her marrying a white man Effia and her descendants still experience oppression. Colonization/Colonialism: Homegoing begins with the introduction of British colonizers along the Gold Coast (Present Day Ghana). The novel asserts that colonization serves as a means of destruction and that members of a Black African lineage are able to be complicit in the perpetuation of oppression. Family Structure & Progress: Family structure and progress is a key theme that lies at the crux of the novel. Throughout the entirety of the text, readers are called to follow complex lineages while identifying the inextricable links from generation to generation. Complicated parental relationships and childhoods fuel the quest for healing and knowledge from Esi and Effia down to their latest descendants Marjorie and Marcus. Gendered Oppression/Sexism: While the primary form of inequality and stratification depicted within Homegoing lies within its racial inequality and discrimination, gender inequality often intersects at various points within the novel reminding readers of the multifaceted oppression of Black women. The patriarchal communities on both the Gold Coast and in America breed environments that strip women of their autonomy, making them targets for sexually violent men. Men experience the ill-effects of patriarchy as well with the assumptions of their strength, brutal working conditions, and a general physical degradation and abuse. Men are expected to take on the role of the masculine: stepping into positions that require physical strength while dawning an emotionless demeanor.