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Fish and Fishing
CHAPTER TWELVE Fish and Fishing D.T. Potts 1 Introduction The benefi ts of fi sh in the human diet have long been recognized. With an average protein content of 18 – 22 percent and other important elements (essential amino acids, calcium, fl ourine, iodine, iron, phosphorus; Vitamins A, B, and D), fi sh have been an important component of the low - protein, high - carbohydrate diets that have been common in the Near East throughout the pre - Modern era (Englund 1990 : 7 n33; see in general Van Neer 1994 ). Nowadays, the benefi ts of Omega 3 fatty acids in fi sh oil are promoted for their ability to help the body combat everything from Alzheimer ’ s disease to cancer, ulcers, and many more affl ictions. Nevertheless, considering the fact that the region dealt with in this volume contains long stretches of shoreline on at least seven seas (Aegean, Medi- terranean, Black, Red, Caspian and Arabian Seas, and the Persian Gulf), as well as a number of major rivers (Tigris, Euphrates, Karun, Orontes, Khabur, Balikh, Jordan, Greater Zab) and lakes (e.g., Lake Kinneret, Lake Van, Lake Parishan, Hamun - e Helmand), not to mention thousands of manmade irrigation canals, neither freshwater nor saltwater fi sh in Near Eastern antiquity have received the attention that they deserve. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a broad overview of a number of issues associated with fi sh. Topics discussed below include fi sh remains in archaeological contexts; evidence of fi shing sites; fi shing techniques and equipment; written sources on the organization of fi shing; fi sh preparation for consumption and the dietary contribution of fi sh in antiquity; A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, First Edition. -
United Arab Emirates (Uae)
Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: United Arab Emirates, July 2007 COUNTRY PROFILE: UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (UAE) July 2007 COUNTRY اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴّﺔ اﻟﻤﺘّﺤﺪة (Formal Name: United Arab Emirates (Al Imarat al Arabiyah al Muttahidah Dubai , أﺑﻮ ﻇﺒﻲ (The seven emirates, in order of size, are: Abu Dhabi (Abu Zaby .اﻹﻣﺎرات Al ,ﻋﺠﻤﺎن Ajman , أ مّ اﻟﻘﻴﻮﻳﻦ Umm al Qaywayn , اﻟﺸﺎرﻗﺔ (Sharjah (Ash Shariqah ,دﺑﻲّ (Dubayy) .رأس اﻟﺨﻴﻤﺔ and Ras al Khaymah ,اﻟﻔﺠﻴﺮة Fajayrah Short Form: UAE. اﻣﺮاﺗﻰ .(Term for Citizen(s): Emirati(s أﺑﻮ ﻇﺒﻲ .Capital: Abu Dhabi City Major Cities: Al Ayn, capital of the Eastern Region, and Madinat Zayid, capital of the Western Region, are located in Abu Dhabi Emirate, the largest and most populous emirate. Dubai City is located in Dubai Emirate, the second largest emirate. Sharjah City and Khawr Fakkan are the major cities of the third largest emirate—Sharjah. Independence: The United Kingdom announced in 1968 and reaffirmed in 1971 that it would end its treaty relationships with the seven Trucial Coast states, which had been under British protection since 1892. Following the termination of all existing treaties with Britain, on December 2, 1971, six of the seven sheikhdoms formed the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The seventh sheikhdom, Ras al Khaymah, joined the UAE in 1972. Public holidays: Public holidays other than New Year’s Day and UAE National Day are dependent on the Islamic calendar and vary from year to year. For 2007, the holidays are: New Year’s Day (January 1); Muharram, Islamic New Year (January 20); Mouloud, Birth of Muhammad (March 31); Accession of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi—observed only in Abu Dhabi (August 6); Leilat al Meiraj, Ascension of Muhammad (August 10); first day of Ramadan (September 13); Eid al Fitr, end of Ramadan (October 13); UAE National Day (December 2); Eid al Adha, Feast of the Sacrifice (December 20); and Christmas Day (December 25). -
Saudi Arabia.Pdf
A saudi man with his horse Performance of Al Ardha, the Saudi national dance in Riyadh Flickr / Charles Roffey Flickr / Abraham Puthoor SAUDI ARABIA Dec. 2019 Table of Contents Chapter 1 | Geography . 6 Introduction . 6 Geographical Divisions . 7 Asir, the Southern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �7 Rub al-Khali and the Southern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �8 Hejaz, the Western Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �8 Nejd, the Central Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 The Eastern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 Topographical Divisions . .. 9 Deserts and Mountains � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 Climate . .. 10 Bodies of Water . 11 Red Sea � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Persian Gulf � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Wadis � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Major Cities . 12 Riyadh � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �12 Jeddah � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �13 Mecca � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � -
Table 1 Comprehensive International Points List
Table 1 Comprehensive International Points List FCC ITU-T Country Region Dialing FIPS Comments, including other 1 Code Plan Code names commonly used Abu Dhabi 5 971 TC include with United Arab Emirates Aden 5 967 YE include with Yemen Admiralty Islands 7 675 PP include with Papua New Guinea (Bismarck Arch'p'go.) Afars and Assas 1 253 DJ Report as 'Djibouti' Afghanistan 2 93 AF Ajman 5 971 TC include with United Arab Emirates Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area 9 44 AX include with United Kingdom Al Fujayrah 5 971 TC include with United Arab Emirates Aland 9 358 FI Report as 'Finland' Albania 4 355 AL Alderney 9 44 GK Guernsey (Channel Islands) Algeria 1 213 AG Almahrah 5 967 YE include with Yemen Andaman Islands 2 91 IN include with India Andorra 9 376 AN Anegada Islands 3 1 VI include with Virgin Islands, British Angola 1 244 AO Anguilla 3 1 AV Dependent territory of United Kingdom Antarctica 10 672 AY Includes Scott & Casey U.S. bases Antigua 3 1 AC Report as 'Antigua and Barbuda' Antigua and Barbuda 3 1 AC Antipodes Islands 7 64 NZ include with New Zealand Argentina 8 54 AR Armenia 4 374 AM Aruba 3 297 AA Part of the Netherlands realm Ascension Island 1 247 SH Ashmore and Cartier Islands 7 61 AT include with Australia Atafu Atoll 7 690 TL include with New Zealand (Tokelau) Auckland Islands 7 64 NZ include with New Zealand Australia 7 61 AS Australian External Territories 7 672 AS include with Australia Austria 9 43 AU Azerbaijan 4 994 AJ Azores 9 351 PO include with Portugal Bahamas, The 3 1 BF Bahrain 5 973 BA Balearic Islands 9 34 SP include -
Y-Chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation
The Genetic Structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island Populations: Y-chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation By Jasem Bader Theyab M.A., University of Kansas, 2010 Copyright 2013 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Anthropology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson, Dr. Michael H. Crawford ________________________________ Dr. Majid Hannoum ________________________________ Dr. Deborah Smith ________________________________ Dr. Bartholomew C. Dean ________________________________ Dr. John Kelly Date Defended: May 28, 2013 The Dissertation Committee for Jasem Bader Theyab certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The Genetic Structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island Populations: Y-chromosome & Mitochondrial DNA Variation ________________________________ Chairperson, Dr. Michael H. Crawford Date approved: May 31, 2013 ii Abstract Recent studies applying multidisciplinary approaches suggest that the Anatomically Modern Homo sapiens (AMHS) passed through the Arabian Peninsula in their major diaspora out of Africa. The Arabian Peninsula is connected to three continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe. In addition to the major diaspora, the Arabian Peninsula has witnessed numerous migrations among the three continents. The populations of the Arabian Peninsula have been investigated to better understand their evolutionary history. This dissertation investigated the paternal genetic structure of the Kuwaiti and Failaka Island populations using 15 loci Y-STR data. In addition, the maternal genetic structure of Failaka Island has been investigated using mtDNA HVS-I sequence data. This is the first genetic study to characterize Failaka Island population. The result showed that the Kuwaiti population has a high frequency of Y- haplogroup J1 (37%) similar to other Arabian populations. -
Rivalry in the Middle East: the History of Saudi-Iranian Relations and Its Implications on American Foreign Policy
BearWorks MSU Graduate Theses Summer 2017 Rivalry in the Middle East: The History of Saudi-Iranian Relations and its Implications on American Foreign Policy Derika Weddington Missouri State University, [email protected] As with any intellectual project, the content and views expressed in this thesis may be considered objectionable by some readers. However, this student-scholar’s work has been judged to have academic value by the student’s thesis committee members trained in the discipline. The content and views expressed in this thesis are those of the student-scholar and are not endorsed by Missouri State University, its Graduate College, or its employees. Follow this and additional works at: https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the Defense and Security Studies Commons, International Relations Commons, and the Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons Recommended Citation Weddington, Derika, "Rivalry in the Middle East: The History of Saudi-Iranian Relations and its Implications on American Foreign Policy" (2017). MSU Graduate Theses. 3129. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/3129 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The work contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RIVALRY IN THE MIDDLE EAST: THE HISTORY OF SAUDI-IRANIAN RELATIONS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY A Masters Thesis Presented to The Graduate College of Missouri State University TEMPLATE In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science, Defense and Strategic Studies By Derika Weddington August 2017 RIVALARY IN THE MIDDLE EAST: THE HISTORY OF SAUDI-IRANIAN RELATIONS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY Defense and Strategic Studies Missouri State University, August 2017 Master of Science Derika Weddington ABSTRACT The history of Saudi-Iranian relations has been fraught. -
Arabian Peninsula from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Jump to Navigationjump to Search "Arabia" and "Arabian" Redirect Here
Arabian Peninsula From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search "Arabia" and "Arabian" redirect here. For other uses, see Arabia (disambiguation) and Arabian (disambiguation). Arabian Peninsula Area 3.2 million km2 (1.25 million mi²) Population 77,983,936 Demonym Arabian Countries Saudi Arabia Yemen Oman United Arab Emirates Kuwait Qatar Bahrain -shibhu l-jazīrati l ِش ْبهُ ا ْل َج ِزي َرةِ ا ْلعَ َربِيَّة :The Arabian Peninsula, or simply Arabia[1] (/əˈreɪbiə/; Arabic jazīratu l-ʿarab, 'Island of the Arabs'),[2] is َج ِزي َرةُ ا ْلعَ َرب ʿarabiyyah, 'Arabian peninsula' or a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate. From a geographical perspective, it is considered a subcontinent of Asia.[3] It is the largest peninsula in the world, at 3,237,500 km2 (1,250,000 sq mi).[4][5][6][7][8] The peninsula consists of the countries Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.[9] The peninsula formed as a result of the rifting of the Red Sea between 56 and 23 million years ago, and is bordered by the Red Sea to the west and southwest, the Persian Gulf to the northeast, the Levant to the north and the Indian Ocean to the southeast. The peninsula plays a critical geopolitical role in the Arab world due to its vast reserves of oil and natural gas. The most populous cities on the Arabian Peninsula are Riyadh, Dubai, Jeddah, Abu Dhabi, Doha, Kuwait City, Sanaʽa, and Mecca. Before the modern era, it was divided into four distinct regions: Red Sea Coast (Tihamah), Central Plateau (Al-Yamama), Indian Ocean Coast (Hadhramaut) and Persian Gulf Coast (Al-Bahrain). -
General: Anonymous. Periplus Maris Erythraei (Or 'Voyage Around The
General: Anonymous. Periplus Maris Erythraei (or ‘Voyage around the Erythraean Sea’). L. Casson. The Periplus Maris Erythraei: Text with Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. Princeton (1989). Cosmas Indicopleustes. Christian Topography. Boivin, N., Blench, R., & Fuller, D. (2009). Archaeological, linguistic and historical sources on ancient seafaring: A multidisciplinary approach to the study of early maritime contact and exchange in the Arabian Peninsula. In M. Petraglia & J. Rose (Eds.), The evolution of human populations in Arabia (pp. 251–278). New York: Springer. S. Faller. "The World According to Cosmas Indicopleustes—Concepts and Illustrations of an Alexandrian Merchant and Monk." M. P. Fitzpatrick. "Provincializing Rome: The Indian Ocean Trade Network and Roman Imperialism." Journal of World History 22 (2011): 27–54. S. Sidebotham. "The Red Sea and Indian Ocean in the Age of the Great Empires." In A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, ed. D. Potts, 1041-1059. (2012). Week One: Roman Egypt and Late Antique Egypt K. Damgaard, "A Palestinian Red Sea Port on the Egyptian Road to Arabia: Early Islamic Aqaba and its Many Hinterlands." In L. Blue – J. Cooper – R. Thomas – J. Whitewright (eds.), Connected Hinterlands: Proceedings of the Red Sea Project IV Held at the University of Southampton, September 2008, 85-98. Oxford (2009). S. Sidebotham. "Trade in Roman Berenike." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011), 221–258. S. Sidebotham. "Other Emporia." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route, 175-194. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011). J. Whitewright. "The Ships and Shipping of Indo-Roman Trade: A View from Egyptian Red Sea Ports." Herom 6 (2017): 137-172. -
Total Petroleum Systems of the Paleozoic and Jurassic, Greater Ghawar Uplift and Adjoining Provinces of Central Saudi Arabia and Northern Arabian-Persian Gulf
Total Petroleum Systems of the Paleozoic and Jurassic, Greater Ghawar Uplift and Adjoining Provinces of Central Saudi Arabia and Northern Arabian-Persian Gulf U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2202-H U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Total Petroleum Systems of the Paleozoic and Jurassic, Greater Ghawar Uplift and Adjoining Provinces of Central Saudi Arabia and Northern Arabian-Persian Gulf By Richard M. Pollastro U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2202-H U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey iii U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Charles G. Groat, Director Version 1.0, 2003 For more information about the USGS and its products: Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/ This publication is only available online at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/b2202-h/ Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. iii U.S. Department of the Interior Contents Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 Charles G. Groat, Director Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. -
State and Country Data Codes As of 12/1/2014
State and Country Data Codes as of 12/1/2014 Press CTRL+F to prompt the search field. STATE AND COUNTRY DATA CODES TABLE OF CONTENTS 1--INTRODUCTION 2--U.S. STATE CODES 2.1 LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELDS 2.2 RES FIELD CODE EXCEPTIONS FOR BOAT FILE RECORDS 3--U.S. TERRITORIAL POSSESSIONS LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELD CODES FOR U.S. TERRITORIAL POSSESSIONS 4--INDIAN NATIONS LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELD CODES FOR INDIAN NATIONS 5--CANADIAN PROVINCES LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELD CODES FOR CANADIAN PROVINCES 6--MEXICAN STATES LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELD CODES FOR MEXICAN STATES 7--COUNTRIES/DEPENDENCIES/TERRITORIES 7.1 CTZ, LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELD CODES FOR COUNTRIES/DEPENDENCIES/TERRITORIES 7.2 CTZ, LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELD CODES FOR COUNTRIES/DEPENDENCIES/TERRITORIES, INDIAN NATIONS, MEXICAN STATES, PROVINCES, STATES, AND U.S. TERRITORIAL POSSESSIONS IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER BY CODE STATE AND COUNTRY DATA CODES SECTION 1--INTRODUCTION The appropriate code for the state, territorial possession, Indian nation, province, or country must be used in the Citizenship (CTZ), License State (LIS), Make (MAK), Operator's License State (OLS), Place of Birth (POB), Place of Crime (PLC), and Registration State (RES) Fields. SECTION 2--U.S. STATE CODES 2.1 LIS, MAK, OLS, POB, PLC, AND RES FIELDS State Code Alabama AL Alaska AK Arizona AZ Arkansas AR California CA* Colorado CO* Connecticut CT Delaware DE* District of Columbia DC Florida FL Georgia GA Hawaii HI* Idaho ID Illinois IL Indiana IN Iowa IA Kansas KS* Kentucky KY Louisiana LA Maine ME Maryland MD Massachusetts MA* Michigan MI* Minnesota MN Mississippi MS* Missouri MO Montana MT Nebraska NB Nevada NV New Hampshire NH New Jersey NJ New Mexico NM New York NY North Carolina NC North Dakota ND Ohio OH Oklahoma OK Oregon OR * This code should not be used in the Boat File RES Field. -
발행국명 코드 지시 Abu Dhabi → United Arab Emirates [Ts] Abu Zaby
발행국명 코드 지시 Abu Dhabi → United Arab Emirates [ts] Abu Zaby → United Arab Emirates [ts] Aden → Yemen [ye] Aden (Protectorate) → Yemen [ye] Admiralty Islands → Papua New Guinea [pp] Aegean Islands → Greece [gr] Afars → Djibouti [ft] Afghanistan af Agalega Islands → Mauritius [mf] Agrihan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Aguijan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Ahvenanmaa → Finland [fi] Ailinglapalap Atoll → Marshall Islands [xe] Ajman → United Arab Emirates [ts] Alamagan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Aland Islands → Finland [fi] Albania aa Aldabra Islands → Seychelles [se] Algeria ae Alofi → Wallis and Futuna [wf] Alphonse Island → Seychelles [se] American Samoa as Amindivi Islands → India [ii] Amirante Isles → Seychelles [se] Amsterdam Island → Terres australes et antarctiques francaises [fs] Anatahan Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Andaman Islands → India [ii] Andorra an Anegada → British Virgin Islands [vb] Angaur Island → Palau [pw] Angola ao Anguilla am Code changed from [ai] to [am] Anjouan Island → Comoros [cq] Annobon → Equatorial Guinea [eg] Antarctica ay Antigua → Antigua and Barbuda [aq] Antigua and Barbuda aq Arab Republic of Egypt → Egypt [ua] Arab Republic of Yemen → Yemen [ye] Archipielago de Colon → Ecuador [ec] Argentina ag Armenia (Republic) ai Arno (Atoll) → Marshall Islands [xe] Arquipelago dos Bijagos → Guinea-Bissau [pg] 발행국명 코드 지시 Aruba aw Ascension Island (Atlantic Ocean) → Saint Helena [xj] Ascension Island (Micronesia) → Micronesia (Federated States) [fm] Ashanti → Ghana [gh] Ashmore and Cartier Islands ⓧ ac → Australia [at] Asuncion Island → Northern Mariana Islands [nw] Atafu Atoll → Tokelau [tl] Atauro, Ilha de → Indonesia [io] Austral Islands → French Polynesia [fp] Australia at Austria au Azerbaijan aj Azores → Portugal [po] Babelthuap Island → Palau [pw] Bahamas bf Bahrain ba Bahrein → Bahrain [ba] Baker Island → United States Misc. -
GENERAL AGREEMENT on 15 September 1965 TARIFFS and TRADE Limited Distribution
RESTRICTED L/2464/Add.3 GENERAL AGREEMENT ON 15 September 1965 TARIFFS AND TRADE Limited Distribution Original: English/Spanish WORKING PARTY ON AUSTRALIAN REQUEST TO GRANT PREFERENCES FOR LESS-DEVELOPED COUNTRIES Notifications from Governments Addendum Since the circulation of L/2464 and Addenda 1 and 2 the following notifications have been received from the delegations of Spain and the United Kingdom. Spain: In connexion with document L/2443 of 4 June 1965 which contains the Australian request for a waiver from the General Agreement in order to permit it to establish a system of preferential duties on imports of manufactures and semi- manufactures from countries which the CONTRACTING PARTIES consider as developing countries, and having regard to paragraph 14 of the above-mentioned document L/2443 and to the statement made by the Australian representative at the meeting of the Working Party on 29 June last, and likewise the list of countries in Annex I of document L/2443 and those which subsequently asked to be included in the list whose economic development is similar to that of Spain, I have the honour to inform you, in accordance with the procedure set forth in paragraph 18 of document L/2457 that my country wishes to be included in the list of countries to receive the preferences proposed by the Australian Government. United Kingdom: I have been asked by my authorities to point out that the following terri- tories (which are listed in L/2071/Rev.1) seem to have been inadvertently missed out from the annex attached to the Australian paper: L/2464/Add.3 Page 2 Bahrein (Bahrein, Muharraq, Sitra, Nabi Saleh: Protected States), Qatar (Sheikdom of Qatar: Protected State), Tonga (Protected State), Tristan da Cunha,Trucial States (Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah, Umm Qaiwan,Al Fujairah: Protected States).