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Beyond the 50 States: Puerto Rican Statehood and Representation in the U.S. Congress Juan Pablo Gargiulo, University of Texas at Austin Research Questions Name (in English) Name (in Spanish) Initials Current Leader Ideology Findings New Progressive Partido Nuevo PNP Luis Fortuño pro-statehood Party Progresista The most recently recorded vote in the 110th 'RHV3XHUWR5LFR¶VXQLTXHSROLWLFDOUHSUHVHQWDWLRQLQ Congress showed unanimous Republican opposition pro-commonwealth, Pro-Autonomous Popular Partido Popular the U.S. House stem from a partisan agenda in the PPD Alejandro García Padilla entity differ entto a federated state or to extension of power to the delegates and Resident Democratic Party Democrático U.S. Congress? territory Commissioner. ,VWKHUHUHDVRQWREHOLHYHWKDW3XHUWR5LFR¶VFLWL]HQV Puerto Rican Partido The voting behavior among Puerto Rican citizens, would heavily lean to one party versus the other if Independence Independentista PIP Edwin Irrizary Mora pro-independence ZLWKUHJDUGWRWKH5HVLGHQW&RPPLVVLRQHUGRQ¶W Puerto Rico were made a state? Movement Puertorriqueño indicate any heavy Democratic preference as may be Sovereign Unionist Movimiento Unión MUS Enrique Vásquez in favor of a sovereign Puerto Rico expected. How do Puerto Rican political parties Movement Soberanista compare/translate to U.S. political parties? Puerto Rican Political parties are principally divided on the issue of statehood vs. commonwealth for Year(s) Servedi Name Puerto Rican Party National Party (U.S.) Puerto Rico. The economy is a secondary issue to the 1901-1905 Federico Degetau Republican Republican parties. Methods 1905-1911 Tulio Larrinaga Unionist N/A 1911-1916 Luis Muñoz-Rivera Unionist N/A The Resident Commissioner will often belong to a Puerto Rican party as well as a national party. The By analyzing such things as the makeup of individual 1917-1932 Félix Córdova Dávila Unionist N/A 1932-1933 José Lorenzo Pesquera Nonpartisan N/A Puerto Rican parties do not always neatly align with congresses, voting records of members of Congress 1933-1939 Santiago Iglesias-Pantín Coalitionist Socialist the Democratic or Republican parties. and debates regarding statehood, I will begin to see a 1939-1945 Bolívar Pagán Coalitionist Socialist more clear picture of how parties have affected the 1945-1946 Jesús T. Piñero Popular Democratic Democratic rules that grant powers to the Resident Commissioner 1946-1965 Antonio Fernós-Isern Popular Democratic Democratic and delegates of the U.S. territories in recent history. 1965-1969 Santiago Polanco-Abreú Popular Democratic Democratic 1969-1973 Jorge Luis Córdova-Díaz New Progressive Republican Interviews conducted with staff of Puerto Rican 1973-1977 Jaime Benítez Popular Democratic Democratic political figures are greatly useful to discover relevant 1977-1985 Baltasar Corrada-Del Río New Progressive Democratic Conclusion information on Puerto Rican political parties and 1985-1992 Jaime Fuster Popular Democratic Democratic 1992-1993 Antonio Colorado Popular Democratic Democratic representation in U.S. House. 1993-2001 Carlos Romero Barceló New Progressive Democratic The partisan makeup of the individual congresses Analyzing Puerto Rican political parties and their 2001-2005 Aníbal Acevedo Vilá Popular Democratic Democratic 2005-2009 Luis Fortuño New Progressive Republican plays an enormous role in determining how much formation. Data collected from election results from the 2009-present Pedro Pierluisi New Progressive Democratic power the Resident Commissioner (and delegates) are two highest political offices in Puerto Rico: Resident granted. Commissioner and Governor. Session Date House Majority Rule Change R.C. Party Affiliation Other Delegates If made a state, it is likely there would be a major Rule change to change in the political parties within Puerto Rico. allow non-decisive vote on the floor 103rd 1/5/1993 Democratic Democratic 4 Democrats during the Committee of the Whole Rule change reversing votes on 104th 1/4/1995 Republican the floor during the Democratic 3 Democrats, 1 Ind. committee of the whole Acknowledgements Revived the 1993- 1995 rules allowing 110th 1/24/2007 Democratic votes on the floor Republican 4 Democrats I would like to thank Dr. Sean Theriault, Associate during Committee of Professor of Government and Michelle Whyman, the Whole Graduate Research Assistant, Katie Tiller, and the rest Rule change of my friends and family for their much needed stripping the R.C. and delegates of guidance and assistance throughout this project. 112th 1/5/2011 Republican Democratic 5 Democrats right to vote in Committee of the Whole .