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Optimization Tool for Transit Bus Fleet Management
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2012 Optimization tool for transit bus fleet management Feng Zhen West Virginia University Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Zhen, Feng, "Optimization tool for transit bus fleet management" (2012). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 600. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/600 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. OPTIMIZATION TOOL FOR TRANSIT BUS FLEET MANAGEMENT by Feng Zhen Dissertation submitted to the College of Engineering and Mineral Resources at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering Approved by Nigel N. Clark, Ph.D., Committee Chairperson W. Scott Wayne, Ph.D. Hailin Li, Ph.D. Benjamin C. Shade, Ph.D. Roy S. Nutter, Jr., Ph.D. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Morgantown, West Virginia 2012 Keywords: Transit Bus Operation, Cost Evaluation, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Operation Optimization, Genetic Algorithm Copyright 2012 Feng Zhen ABSTRACT OPTIMIZATION TOOL FOR TRANSIT BUS FLEET Management By Feng Zhen Transit agencies face the challenge of being environmentally-friendly, while maintaining cost-effective operation. -
NYCT Diesel Hybrid-Electric Buses
HHybrid-ybrid- ElectricEElectriclectric NYCTNYCT DieselDiesel Hybrid-ElectricHybrid-Electric BusesBuses PrProgramogram StatusStatus UpdateUpdate CLEAN FUEL BUS COMMITMENTS New York City Transit Diesel Hybrid-Electric Buses The Cleanest Bus Fleet in the World to 646 buses at three depots by 2006 MTA Operations The New York City Metropolitan Transporta- ■ The retirement of all two-stroke diesel tion Authority (MTA), which includes New engines by the end of 2003 MTA operates the largest public trans- York City Transit’s (NYCT’s) Department of ■ The use of ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel portation system in the United States Buses, has committed to establishing the (less than 30 ppm) in all diesel buses, and transports nearly 7.8 million cleanest bus fleet in the world and dramati- which has already been accomplished weekday passengers via bus and rail. cally reducing air pollution in New York City. ■ The installation of diesel particulate filters NYCT’s 4,871 buses carry more than That commitment is supported by invest- on all diesel buses by the end of 2003 2 million of those passengers each ments of over $300 million in the MTA’s (see “About Diesel Particulate Filters and weekday along 235 bus routes. The 2000–2004 Capital Program. Engines” on page 9). buses operate from 18 depots The continuing development and Testing Clean Fuel Buses 24 hours a day, average 1,871 miles of deployment of diesel hybrid-electric buses is As the largest bus fleet in the United States, routes daily, and travel over 115 mil- one part of NYCT’s multi-faceted plan to operating in the most densely populated lion miles annually in revenue service. -
Overview of Advanced Technology Transportation, 2004 Update. Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity
August 2004 DOE/GO-102004-1849 Overview of Advanced Technology Transportation, 2004 Update TECHNICAL REPORT Leslie Eudy Jarett Zuboy National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available electronically at http://www.osti.gov/bridge Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email: [email protected] Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Commerce National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 phone: 800.553.6847 -
Should Orion Bus Industries Be the I Successful Bidder, It Wil Secure (Merced County) E Number for the 1'R City & County If Required
REVISED SIGNATURE PAGE (BIDDER TO COMPLETE AND PLACE IN FRONT OF PROPOSAL) @Jl3lTIfX??/COhlPWl: ORION BUS INDUSTRIES INC ADDRESS: 350 HAZELHURST RD, MISSISSAUGA , ONTARIO, L5J4T8 (P.O. Bodstreet) (City) (State) (zip) CONTACT PERSON: OLIA KUPYCZ TITLE: EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT TELEPHONENO: (905)403-7286 FAXNO. (905)403-8808 E-MAIL ADDRESS: okupycz@,orionbus. corn V The undersigned hereby certifies that he/she is a duty authorized official of their organization and has the authority to sign on behalf of the organization and assures that all statements made in the proposal are true, agrees to furnish the item(s) andor service@) stipulated in this Request for Proposal at the price stated herein, and will comply with all terms and conditions set forth., unless otherwise stipulated. MARK V. BRAGER VICE PRESIDENT SALES & bIARmTING Title April ,. 5, 2004 s igna$re Date Business License No: (Merced City) > Should Orion Bus Industries be the I successful bidder, it wil secure (Merced County) e number for the 1'r city & county if required. Professional License No: Taxpayer Identification No: 061425755 35 FT. BUS 40 FT. BUS . Base Price per Specification: Sales Tax @ 7.25%: NOW-TAXABLE ITEMS : All AD A Equipment: Total base price per Bus: Days Required for Delivery - ld Bus: 540 davs 540 days Date of Altoona Bus Test: January 2002 January 2002 Vehicle Mfg. and Model: Orion VII Orion VII April 6, 2004 Leon Teague Deputy Director, General Services-Purchasing Merced County Department of General Services 222 "M" Street, Room No.1 Merced, California 95340 Re: RFP 5890 Dear Mr. Teague Orion Bus lndustries is pleased to submit its proposal for the Orion VII CNG powered transit buses to Merced County. -
SERVICE SUMMARY – Introduction Abbreviations Avg Spd
SERVICE SUMMARY – Introduction Abbreviations Avg spd ..... Average speed (km/h) NB ............ Northbound This is a summary of all transit service operated by the Toronto Transit Commission for the period Dep ........... Departure SB ............. Southbound indicated. All rapid transit, streetcar, bus, and community bus routes and services are listed. The RT ............. Round trip EB ............. Eastbound summary identifies the routes, gives the names and destinations, the garage or carhouse from Term ......... Terminal time WB ............ Westbound which the service is operated, the characteristics of the service, and the times of the first and last Veh type ... Vehicle type trips on each route. The headway operated on each route is shown, together with the combined or average headway on the route, if more than one branch is operated. The number and type of Division abbreviations vehicles operated on the route are listed, as well as the round-trip driving time, the total terminal Arw ........... Arrow Road Mal ........... Malvern Rus ............ Russell time, and the average speed of the route (driving time only, not including terminal time). Bir ............. Birchmount MtD .......... Mount Dennis Wil ............ Wilson Bus DanSub ..... Danforth Subway Qsy ........... Queensway WilSub ...... Wilson Subway The first and last trip times shown are the departure times for the first or last trip which covers Egl ............ Eglinton Ron ........... Roncesvalles W-T ........... Wheel-Trans the entire branch. In some cases, earlier or later trips are operated which cover only part of the routing, and the times for these trips are not shown. Vehicle abbreviations Additional notes are shown for routes which interline with other routes, which are temporarily 6carT ......... Six-car train of T- or TR-series 23-metre subway cars (Lines 1 and 2) operating over different routings, or which are temporarily operating with buses instead of 4carT ........ -
Bus Futures 2006
Strategies for a Better Tomorrow Bus Futures 2006 David Port John Atkinson INFORM, Inc. 5 Hanover Square, 19th Floor New York, NY 10004-2638 Tel 212-361-2400 Fax 212-361-2412 Web www.inform-inc.org We are grateful to the US Department of Energy and its National Energy Technology Laboratory for funds that enabled us to conduct this research. The findings and recommendations of this report are the full responsibility of INFORM. © 2007 INFORM, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN 918780-86-1 INFORM, Inc., is a national nonprofit environmental research and outreach organization that solves complex environmental and health problems through independent research aimed at practical solutions. Our goal is to identify ways of doing business that ensure environmentally sustainable practices and economic growth. Bus Futures 2006 David Port John Atkinson Foreword Between 2000 and 2006, the world changed in many fundamental ways, and during that time, public concern has focused on several major issues. In 2000, environmental emissions were the primary concern; in 2006, imported oil was a key issue. The threat posed by dependence on petroleum-derived fuels became an immediate concern as oil prices rose to nominal record highs. Strong economic development in Asia, particularly in China and India, has increased competition for the world’s limited oil supplies, placing the US in a precarious situation because of its heavy oil consumption. Greenhouse gases and global warming also became concerns as the record-setting hurricane season of 2005 drew attention to the potentially devastating consequences of climate change. During this six-year period, the transit bus sector has encountered its own challenges because of intensifying competition in the market. -
BAE/Orion Hybrid Electric Buses at New York City Transit: a Generational Comparison
A national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future BAE/Orion Hybrid Electric Buses Technical Report NREL/TP-540-42217 at New York City Transit Revised March 2008 A Generational Comparison R. Barnitt NREL is operated by Midwest Research Institute ● Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 BAE/Orion Hybrid Electric Buses Technical Report NREL/TP-540-42217 at New York City Transit Revised March 2008 A Generational Comparison R. Barnitt Prepared under Task No. FC08.3000 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. -
New York City Transit Drives Hybrid Electric Buses Into the Future
New York City Transit Drives Hybrid Electric Buses into the Future The Metropolitan Transit Authority’s New York City Transit (NYCT) is the largest public transportation system in the United States and a leader in the use of clean bus technologies. NYCT launched a pilot fleet of hybrid electric buses in 1998. A larger fleet of next- generation production hybrid electric buses began entering service in 2004. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA) evaluated NYCT’s pilot fleet and is evaluating the production buses. This report provides an update on the evaluation of NYCT’s production hybrid electric buses and reviews the evolution of hybrid electric bus technologies pioneered by NYCT and other progressive transit agencies. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HYBRID ELECTRIC TRANSIT BUS EVALUATIONS The role of AVTA is to bridge the gap between R&D and commercial availability of advanced vehicle technologies that reduce U.S. petroleum use while improving air quality. AVTA supports the U.S. Department of Energy’s FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Program in moving these technologies from R&D to market deployment by examining market factors and customer requirements, evaluating performance and durability of alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicles, and assessing the performance of these vehicles in fleet applications. The main objective of AVTA projects is to provide compre- hensive, unbiased evaluations of advanced technologies. Data NREL/PIX 13793 collected and analyzed include the operation, maintenance, performance, safety, cost, and emissions characteristics of nel, conducts AVTA medium- and heavy-duty vehicle advanced technology fleets and comparable conventional evaluations. -
City Council Meeting 14-2003, April 15, 2003
I ReportNo.03-101 I TO: Bert Meunier, Chief Administrative Officer FROM: Mark Segsworth, Commissioner, Operations Services PREPARED BY: Robert Steele, Manager, Fleet Division DATE PREPARED: 2003-03-25 DATE OF MEETING: 2003-04-15 SUBJECT: Two (2) 2003 Model Year, 40’x 102”, Low Floor Buses Tender No. OS-FL-2003-06 RECOMMENDATION: Council approves the purchase of two (2) 2003 model year, 40’x 102” low floor buses from New Flyer of America Inc. for the purchase price of $850,452.00 + applicable taxes. ORIGIN/PURPOSE : One of these buses is a direct replacement. The second unit is an additional. The replacement displaces a twenty (20) year old unit that has exceeded life cycle expectations. In addition to updating the age of the older units being systematically replaced, there are huge benefits from improved technology to be gained with the new units. Emission standards, customer comfort control, modular wiring, component longevity & unit reliability are among those benefits. OPTIONS/DISCUSSION: Public tenders were issued for the purchase of this equipment. The tender results were as follows: VENDOR TENDER SUBMISSION I COMMENT 1 Orion Bus Industries ltd. $848,000.00 + applicable taxes Meets specifications Nova Bus (division of Prevost Car) $850,362.00 + applicable taxes Doesn’t meet specifications New Flyer of America Inc. $850,452.00 + applicable taxes Meets specifications Nova Bus (division of Prevost Car) $868.468.00 + amlicable taxes Doesn’t meet specifications COUNCIL MEETING 1 4 /$% 15 ‘03 REPORT TO COUNCIL Report No: 03-101 - Page The Orion submission, although the lowest bid, is a complete new chassis design (Orion VII) introduced to the market in mid 2001. -
BUS SYSTEMS for the FUTURE BUS SYSTEMS for the FUTURE Achieving Sustainable Transport Worldwide
BUS SYSTEMS FOR THE FUTURE BUS SYSTEMS FOR THE FUTURE Achieving Sustainable Transport Worldwide Cities around the world face enormous problems of transport sustainability. Rapidly increasing populations and vehicle usage have created gridlock and sprawl, even in very poor cities, as well as unacceptably high levels of air pollution, noise, and accident rates. But improvements can be made. This book explores how the provision of better bus services can bring concrete solutions. “Bus rapid transit” systems emerging in Latin America provide fast, reliable and efficient urban travel for large numbers of people. Express busways, employing high- capacity buses and new technologies such as GPS-based bus tracking systems, can conveniently and reliably Worldwide Achieving Sustainable Transport move up to 10 times as many people along a route as can cars – and be profitable. BUS SYSTEMS This book shows how bus rapid transit differs from traditional bus systems and how it can be developed FOR THE FUTURE around the world. There is a detailed look at clean fuels Achieving Sustainable Transport Worldwide and advanced technologies such as “clean diesel”, CNG, hybrid-electric and fuel cells. Case studies are made of six cities and of the steps each might take to encourage more sustainable transport systems. $100 €110 (61 02 26 1 P1) ISBN : 92-64-19806-7 -:HSQBMA=UWW[VU: 2002 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY BUS SYSTEMS FOR THE FUTURE Achieving Sustainable Transport Worldwide INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY page2-16x23 8/04/02 15:20 Page 1 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY -
Policy Alternatives
___________________________________________________ Study & Report to Congress: Applicability of Maximum Axle Weight Limitations to Over-the- Road and Public Transit Buses Pursuant to Senate Report No. 107-38 December 2003 Acknowledgements This project benefited from the information, insights and comments provided by the following people at the Federal Transit Administration and Federal Highway Administration: Marcel Belanger, Donald Durkee, Paul Marx, Jeffrey Mora, Michael O’Connor, Terry Rosapep, and James Saklas. Special thanks go to Quon Y. Kwan, FTA Project Manager. We also thank the following people for their insights: John Maddox and William Coryell of North American Bus Industries, Paul Murphy of Motor Coach Industries, Mark Braeger of Orion Bus, George Husman of the Southern Research Institute, Tony Mascarin of IBIS Associates, Steve Misencik of TPI Composites, and David Klinikowski and Mustafa El-Gindy of the Altoona Bus Research and Testing Center. Volpe Center authors of the report include Scott Smith (Project Manager), John Brewer and Douglass Lee. Other contributions were made by William Chernicoff, Scott Lian, Matthew Rabkin, and Edward Ramsdell. Although these people and others contributed to the results of this study, the authors are solely responsible for any errors and omissions contained in this report. i Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. ii Tables ............................................................................................................................... -
New York City Transit Drives Hybrid Electric Buses Into the Future
New York City Transit Drives Hybrid Electric Buses into the Future The Metropolitan Transit Authority’s New York City Transit (NYCT) is the largest public transportation system in the United States and a leader in the use of clean bus technologies. NYCT launched a pilot fleet of hybrid electric buses in 1998. A larger fleet of next- generation production hybrid electric buses began entering service in 2004. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA) evaluated NYCT’s pilot fleet and is evaluating the production buses. This report provides an update on the evaluation of NYCT’s production hybrid electric buses and reviews the evolution of hybrid electric bus technologies pioneered by NYCT and other progressive transit agencies. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY HYBRID ELECTRIC TRANSIT BUS EVALUATIONS The role of AVTA is to bridge the gap between R&D and commercial availability of advanced vehicle technologies that reduce U.S. petroleum use while improving air quality. AVTA supports the U.S. Department of Energy’s FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Program in moving these technologies from R&D to market deployment by examining market factors and customer requirements, evaluating performance and durability of alternative fuel and advanced technology vehicles, and assessing the performance of these vehicles in fleet applications. The main objective of AVTA projects is to provide compre- hensive, unbiased evaluations of advanced technologies. Data NREL/PIX 13793 collected and analyzed include the operation, maintenance, performance, safety, cost, and emissions characteristics of nel, conducts AVTA medium- and heavy-duty vehicle advanced technology fleets and comparable conventional evaluations.