Novel Anti-Microbial Peptides of Xenorhabdus Origin Against Multidrug Resistant Plant Pathogens
9 Novel Anti-Microbial Peptides of Xenorhabdus Origin Against Multidrug Resistant Plant Pathogens András Fodor1, Ildikó Varga1, Mária Hevesi2, Andrea Máthé-Fodor3, Jozsef Racsko4,5 and Joseph A. Hogan5 1Plant Protection Institute, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, Keszthely, 2Department of Pomology, Faculty of Horticultural Science, Corvinus University of Budapest Villányi út Budapest, 3Molecular and Cellular Imaging Center, Ohio State University (OARDC/OSU), OH, 4Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University (OARDC/OSU), OH, 5Valent Biosciences Corporation, 870 Technology Way, Libertyville, IL, 6Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio State University (OARDC/OSU) OH, 1,2Hungary 3,4,5,6USA 1. Introduction The discovery and introduction of antibiotics revolutionized the human therapy, the veterinary and plant medicines. Despite the spectacular results, several problems have occurred later on. Emergence of antibiotic resistance is an enormous clinical and public health concern. Spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Ellington et al., 2010), emergence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae (Pitout, 2008), carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (Schechner et al., 2009) and poly- resistant Pseudomonas (Strateva and Yordanov, 2009) and Acinetobacter (Vila et al., 2007) causes serious difficulties in the treatment of severe infections (Vila et al., 2007; Rossolini et al., 2007). A comprehensive strategy, a multidisciplinary effort is required to combat these infections. The new strategy includes compliance with infection control principles: antimicrobial stewardship and the development of new antimicrobial agents effective against multi-resistant gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens (Slama, 2008). During the last few decades, only a few new antibiotic classes reached the market (Fotinos et al., 2008). These facts highlight the need to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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