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Bibliography of Fading on Microwave Line of Sight Tropospheric Rational Bureau of Standards Library, B.W. Bldg APR 5 1965 ^ecltnical v2ote 9Jo. 302 IBUOGRAPHY OF ADING ON MICROWAVE LINE OF SIGHT TROPOSPHERIC PROPAGATION PATHS AND ASSOCIATED SUBJECTS H. T. Dougherty I. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE IATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS THE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS The National Bureau of Standards is a principal focal point in the Federal Government for assuring maximum application of the physical and engineering sciences to the advancement of technology in industry and commerce. Its responsibilities include development and maintenance of the national stand- ards of measurement, and the provisions of means for making measurements consistent with those standards; determination of physical constants and properties of materials; development of methods for testing materials, mechanisms, and structures, and making such tests as may be necessary, particu- larly for government agencies; cooperation in the establishment of standard practices for incorpora- tion in codes and specifications; advisory service to government agencies on scientific and technical problems; invention and development of devices to serve special needs of the Government; assistance to industry, business, and consumers in the development and acceptance of commercial standards and simplified trade practice recommendations; administration of programs in cooperation with United States business groups and standards organizations for the development of international standards of practice; and maintenance of a clearinghouse for the collection and dissemination of scientific, tech- nical, and engineering information. The scope of the Bureau's activities is suggested in the following listing of its four Institutes and their organizational units. Institute for Basic Standards. Electricity. Metrology. Heat. Radiation Physics. Mechanics. Ap- plied Mathematics. Atomic Physics. Physical Chemistry. Laboratory Astrophysics.* Radio Stand- ards Laboratory: Radio Standards Physics; Radio Standards Engineering.** Office of Standard Ref- erence Data. Institute for Materials Research. Analytical Chemistry. Polymers. Metallurgy. Inorganic Mate- rials. Reactor Radiations. Cryogenics.** Office of Standard Reference Materials. Central Radio Propagation Laboratory.** Ionosphere Research and Propagation. Troposphere and Space Telecommunications. Radio Systems. Upper Atmosphere and Space Physics. Institute for Applied Technology. Textiles and Apparel Technology Center. Building Research. Industrial Equipment. Information Technology. Performance Test Development. Instrumentation. Transport Systems. Office of Technical Services. Office of Weights and Measures. Office of Engineer- ing Standards. Office of Industrial Services. * NBS Group, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics at the University of Colorado. ** Located at Boulder, Colorado. NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS technical ^ote 302 Issued August 31, 1964 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FADING ON MICROWAVE LINE OF SIGHT TROPOSPHERIC PROPAGATION PATHS AND ASSOCIATED SUBJECTS H. T. Dougherty Central Radio Propagation Laboratory National Bureau of Standards Boulder, Colorado NBS Technical Notes are designed to supplement the Bu- reau's regular publications program. They provide a means for making available scientific data that are of transient or limited interest. Technical Notes may be listed or referred to in the open literature. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington D.C. 20402 Price: 60 cents TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Introduction 1 Subject Index 3 Author Index 9 Titles and Abstracts 15 1933 15 1940 16 1941 16 1946 17 1947 23 1948 28 1949 30 1950 35 1951 38 1952 39 1953 41 1954 45 1955 48 1956 54 1957 57 1958 60 1959 64 1960 74 1961 79 1962 87 1963 97 1964 106 Addendum Ill iii Bibliography of Fading on Microwave Line of Sight Tropospheric Propagation Paths and Associated Subjects H. T. Dougherty A collection of titles and abstracts is presented for articles deal- ing with the microwave fading that has been observed on tropospheric line of sight paths. Selections are included for related subjects such as: measurement of meteorological factors; spatial, frequency and time diversity reception; and attenuation due to trees and buildings. Also included is a subject index and an author index. Introduction This bibliography contains over 200 titles and abstracts from the open literature published between 1933 and the first half of 1964. Although most are taken from English language publications, several selections are also included from French, German, Russian, Italian, and Japanese language publications. In general, selections from "in house" publica- tions or reports of limited distribution were avoided. This course was followed not only because such reports are not readily available to all interested parties but also because they generally appear later in a more concise published version. To properly cover the subject "Fading on Microwave Line of Sight Tropospheric Propagation Paths," it is necessary to also include at least representative selections from associated subjects such as microwave antennas, reflection coefficients, measurement of meteorological factors, attenuation due to trees, etc. The frequency range of phenomena covered here is roughly several hundreds of MHz to several tens of GHz, the region of decimeter and centimeter wavelengths. The titles and abstracts are grouped by their year of publication and arranged alphabetically (by authors) within each year. Identification numbers are assigned in the same manner; the first two digits indicate the year followed by a hyphen and the number indicating its alphabetically ordered position within that year. The letter "A" preceeds addendum entries. Special acknowledgement is due Mrs. B. J. Gibson and Mrs. M. A. Molta who typed and proofread the manuscript. : Subject Index Angle of Arrival: 46-3, 46-10, 48-5, 52-3, 55-8 Antennas, Anti-Reflective: 46-1, 59-13 Antennas, Microwave: 47-6, 61-8 Atmospheric Absorption: 46-7, 49-6, 52-6, 53-11 Atmospheric Refraction: 50-1, 51-1, 51-3, 59-3, 59-4, 59-5, 59-23, 60-1, 60-2, 61-6, 62-4, 63-13, A 49-1 Attenuation Due to Rain: 46-9, 47-7, 49-6, 55-14, 59-10, 60-8, 62-7, 63-9, 63-18, 64-7 Attenuation Due to Trees, Buildings: 46-4, 46-7, 55-10, 61-12, 63-11 Bibliographies 53-4, 55-2, 64-6 Combiners, Diversity: 54-5, 55-1, 58-3, 59-9, 60-9, 61-4, 61-9, 62-11, 62-17 Correlation of Refractive Index and Fading: 49-7, 50-3, 54-1, 57-1, 59-22, 61-17, 62-2, 62-7, 63-4 Correlation of Refractive Index and Phase Variation: 59-21, 60-11, 61-14 Diffraction by a Sperical Earth: 41-1, 47-1, 47-2, 64-10, A 49-1 Diffraction by Terrain Features: 47-1, 48-3, 48-6, 50-3, 61-12, 62-18, 63-11, 64-3 Divergence Factor: 41-1, 46-7, 46-8, 51-2, 57-5, 62-19, 63-5, A 48-1, A 49-1 Diversity Reception: 47-4, 56-8, 58-4, 60-5, 61-15, 62-9, 63-2, 63-5 Diversity Reception Frequency: 46-5, 47-4, 53-7, 56-6, 63-5 Diversity Reception, Spatial: 47-4, 53-3, 54-3, 55-3, 55-7, 56-6, 57-4, 59-16, 60-7, 61-4 61-9, 62-3, 62-11, 63-5 Diversity Reception, Time: 62-10 Ducts, Atmospheric: 49-1, 49-7, 50-1, 50-3, 56-7, 59-11, 61-3, 64-2, A 49-1 Ducts, Ground Based: 48-5, 59-3, 61-5 Ducts, Oceanic: 47-5, 48-5, 49-7 Effective Earth's Radius: 33-1, 47-6, 53-1, 53-8, 57-5, 59-4, 61-3, 63-13, A49-1 Elevated Layers: 47-8, 49-1, 49-3, 49-4, 58-2, 62-6, 62-8, 64-2, 64-9, 64-11 Fading, Characteristics of: 46-5, 46-7, 53-9, 54-3, 58-6, 61-16, 61-17, 63-3, 63-5 Fading, Depth of: 52-6, 56-2, 58-4, 61-1, 62-3 Fading, Due to Diffraction: 52-2, 55-3, 59-10, 60113, 61-16, 62-3 4 : Fading, Due to Ducts 53-9, 54-1, 55-3, 58-7, 58-10, 59-11, 61-16, 63-5 Fading, Due to Elevated Layers: 40-1, 60-6, 63-4 Fading, Due to Multipath: 33-1, 40-1, 46-1, 46-3, 48-2, 50-3, 51-2, 52-3, 52-5, 53-7, 53-9, 55-3, 56-5, 56-6, 58-7, 59-13, 59-19, 59-20, 61-11, 61-16, 62-11, 62-9, 63-15, A49-1 Fading Duration: 52-3, 52-6, 53-3, 54-1, 57-4, 58-4, 61-1, 61-7, 62-3, 63-3, A63-1, A64-2 Fading, Frequency Selectivity of: 53-7, 56-3, 59-19, 62-3, 63-3, 63-5 Fading, Mechanisms: 59-2, 49-3, 52-1, 52-3, 58-4, 61-16, 62-1, 62-9, 63-5 Fading, Range: 47-6, 48-1, 50-4, 52-6, 53-7, 53-9, 57-1, 62-7 Fading, Reduction of Effects of: 46-1, 48-6, 53-3, 53-7, 54-3, 55-7, 56-6, 57-4, 57-6, 59-19, 61-4, 61-9, 62-9 Fading, Variation of: 48-1, 50-3, 50-4, 51-3, 52-2, 52-6, 56-2, 57-4, 58-4, 58-6, 60-6, 61-1, 61-16, 61017, 62-9 Fresnel Zone Clearance: 46-7, 52-2, 53-3, 53-8, 54-3, 55-12, 63-5, 64-3 Frequency Variations: 62-15 History: 46-7, 46-11, 48-4, 58-4, 59-2, 60-10 Meteorological Factors Affecting Propagation: 40-1, 47-9, 48-4, 48-5, 49-1, 49-4, 49-7, 50-5, 50-7, 51-1, 56-5, 59-4, 59-6, 62-4, 63-5, 63-6, 63-12, 64-4 Meteorological Measuring Instruments: 50-5, 53-2, 59-1, 62-13, 64-4, A60-1 Meteorological Profiles: 47-5, 48-2, 49-1, 49-2, 56-7, 59-9, 64-7 Path Length Difference: 41-1, 46-8, 47-2, 49-1, 51-1, 57-5, 58-1, 61-4 Phase Combining: 61-4, 61-9, 62-11 Phase Variation of Received Signal: 55-5, 55-6, 55-13, 49-15, 59-16, 59-17, 59-21, 60-11, 60-12, 61-13, 61-14, 62-14, 63-10 Pulse Measurement of Multipath: 52-5 Propagation Paths, Over Land; 33-1, 40-1, 46-4, 46-6, 46-7, 46-11, 47-9, 48-1, 48-2, 48-3, 48-6, 49-2, 49-6, 50-3, 50-4, 52-2, 53-3, 53-7, 53-8, 53-9, 54-1, 54-3, 55-5, 55-6, 55-11, 57-1, 58-9, 59-14, 59-21 59-22, 60-6, 60-11, 61-1, 62-9, 63-5, 64-5 Propagation Paths, Over Water: 33-1, 41-1, 46-4, 46-7, 46-11, 47-5, 49-7, 52-1, 52-6, 54-3, 54-6, 55-3, 55-4, 55-7, 55-11, 56-1, 56-3, 57-2, 57-4, 59-13, 59-16, 61-1, 61-2, 61-11, 62-1, 63-5, 64-5 Propagation Phenomena:
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