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Naval ArchitectureNaval Architecture Boats have played an integral role in the development of commerce and recreation on the Bay. The challenge for today’s designers is to develop more efficient recreational and fishing boats and a ferry system that can compete with our overtaxed highway system. Basic naval architecture principles are explored, along with a history of boats on the Bay. Students will be introduced to careers in designing, building, operating and maintaining boats and ships. 0 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Skipjacks The skipjack is a unique type of commercial wooden sailing vessel, used for more than 100 years to dredge oysters from the Chesapeake Bay. Skipjacks generally ranged from 30 to 60 feet on deck and could carry 100 to 500 bushels of oysters. Two-Sail Bateau E. C. COLLIER, Chesapeake Bay Marime Museum, Saint Michaels, MD [h#ps://www.loc.gov/item/md1203/] At the height of the oyster harvest period in the late 1800s, there grew a need for shallow-dra sailing vessels for dredging, that had a low freeboard (deck close to the waterline) to ease hauling in the dredges, that were easier to build Skipjacks dredging under sail on the Choptank River in 1989. Dave Harp [hp://www.firstlightworkshop.com/previous-workshops/chesapeake-bay-2005/] and crew than schooners. 1 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Skipjacks The skipjack became the Marylnd State Boat in 1985. [h#p://www.mdsg.umd.edu/topics/skipjacks/skipjacks] Skipjacks have a sharp chine and shallow, dead-rise hull with a centerboard. The large mainsail provides enough power to haul the Crew members pull an oyster dredge in Tangier Sound of the Chesapeake big oyster dredges. A self-tending jib allows Bay near Deal Island, Md., in 2013. Patrick Semansky/AP [hp://themes-tribune.com/polopoly_fs/1.2065126!/image/ the crew to concentrate on dredging. image.jpg_gen/derivaves/landscape_700/image.jpg] The 117-year-old Rebecca T. Ruark is The skipjack was so simple to build that the oldest vessel in the Chesapeake even house carpenters could construct one. Bay Skipjack Fleet. Craig Caldwell As a result, hundreds of skipjacks were built [hp:// fineartamerica.com in the 1890s and during their heyday there /featured/skipjack- rebecca-t-ruark- were as many as 2000 skipjacks on the Bay. craig-caldwell.html] 2 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Skipjacks Remaining Skipjacks • Ada Fears. Ridge, MD. Built in Oxford, Maryland in 1968. • Kathryn. Tilghman Island, Maryland. Built in Crisfield, Maryland • Caleb W. Jones. Built in 1953. in 1901. • City of Crisfield. Deal Island, Maryland. Built in Reedville, • Lady Kae. Cambridge, MD. Built in Wingate, Maryland in Virginia in 1949. 1956. • City of Norfolk. Norfolk, Virginia. Built in Deale, Maryland in • Maggie Lee. West Denton, MD. Built in Pocomoke City, 1900. Maryland in 1908. • Claud M. Somers. Reedville, VA. Built in Accomack County, VA • Mamie A. Mister. Tilghman Island, MD. Built in Deal Island, in 1911. Maryland in 1911. • Dee of St. Mary’s. St. George Island, MD. Built in Piney Point, • Martha Lewis. Havre de Grace, MD. Built in Wingate, Maryland Maryland in 1979. in 1955. • E.C. Collier. St. Michaels, MD. Built in Deal Island in 1910. • Minnie V. Balmore, MD. Built in Wenonah, Maryland in 1906. • Elsworth. Worton, MD. Built in 1901. • Nathan. Cambridge, MD. Built Cambridge, Maryland in 1992. • Fanny L. Daugherty. Deal Island, MD. Built in Crisfield, • Nellie L. Byrd. Tilghman Island, MD. Built in Oriole, Maryland in Maryland in 1904. 1911. • F.C. Lewis, Jr. West Denton, MD. • Rebecca T. Ruark. Tilghman Island, MD. Built in Taylors Island, • Flora A. Price. West Denton, MD. Built in 1910. Maryland in 1886. • Helen Virginia. Built in Crisfield, Maryland in 1948. • Rosie Parks. St. Michaels, MD. Built in Wingate, Maryland in • Hilda M. Willing. Tilghman Island, Maryland. Built in Oriole, 1955. Maryland in 1905. • Sigsbee. Balmore, MD. Built in Oriole, Maryland in 1901. • H.M. Krentz. Tilghman Island, MD. Built in Harryhogan, • Stanley Norman. Annapolis, MD. Built in 1902. Virginia in 1955. • Somerset. Deal Island, MD. Built in Reedville, Virginia in 1949. • Ida May. Deal Island, MD. Built in Urbanna, Virginia in 1906. • Thomas Clyde. Tilghman Island, MD. Built in Oriole, MD in • Joy Parks. St. Mary’s County Piney Point Museum. Built in 1911. 1936 in Parksley, Virginia. • Virginia W. Port Kinsale, VA. Built in Guilford, Virginia in 1904. • Wilma Lee. Kinsale, VA. Built in Wingate, MD in 1940. hp://oystercatcher.com/skipjack-history/ 3 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Deadrise Workboats The deadrise design was developed around the 1880s. Deadrise refers to the V-shaped boom at the bow and more generally the angle formed between the Typical Deadrise Hull Form keel and the the waterline. [h#p://blog-imgs-54.fc2.com/ b/o/a/boat262/Deadrise-Boat- Plans-2.jpg] A V-boom is easier to build than a round boom. These boats have a dra of two to three feet, making them ideal for the shallows of the Bay. The average deadrise workboat is 35 to 45 feet long with a beam of 9 to 12 feet. Generaons of independent fishermen have worked the waters of the Chesapeake Bay on deadrise boats. [h#p://www.mdsg.umd.edu/topics/watermen/watermen] 4 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Deadrise Workboats The deadrise workboat is used by most watermen on the Chesapeake Bay. These boats accommodate the heavy, bulky equipment used for harvesng a variety of catches. The deadrise's size and capacity allow the waterman to travel farther across the Bay and carry more seafood back to market. Virginia designated the classic Chesapeake Bay deadrise workboat as the official state boat in 1988. Some deadrise boats of the Bay [hp://www.deadrise4sale.com/] 5 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Sailing Log Canoes Originally built by the nave Powhatan tribes from a single log, these boats were adopted by early English selers who discovered that the sturdy cra could handle the rough waters of the Bay and carry a heavy load. The English selers added a sail to increase its speed. The canoe was the standard workboat on the Bay unl the 1900s. Typical sailing log canoe sail plan [hp://msa.maryland.gov/ megafile/msa/stagsere/se1/se5/029800/029843/pdf/ msa_se5_29843.pdf] During the summer months many watermen turned their sailing canoes into racing boats. The racing canoe has larger sails and hiking boards, allowing the crew to keep the boat upright. photo by Bill Kepner [h#p://www.logcanoegallery.com/fleet.html] 6 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Sailing Log Canoes According to the rules of the Chesapeake Bay Log Sailing Canoe Associaon, the only penalty for sail area is an inability to keep the boat upright. hp://cbmm.org/tags/log-canoe/ hp://www.sailmagazine.com/racing/regaas/an-adventure-with- chesapeake-bay-log-canoe-sailors/ Log canoe racing has become a tradion on the Bay. The races take place on the Miles River, the Tred Avon and the Chester River on Maryland's Eastern Shore. 7 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Sailing Log Canoes List of log canoes on the Naonal Register of Historic Places • Billie P. Hall, Talbot County, Maryland • Mystery, Queen Anne's County, Maryland • Edmee S., Talbot County, Maryland • Noddy, Talbot County, Maryland • Flying Cloud, Talbot County, Maryland • Oliver's Gi, Anne Arundel County, Maryland • Island Bird, Talbot County, Maryland • Patricia, Dorchester County, Maryland • Island Blossom, Talbot County, Maryland • Persistence, Talbot County, Maryland • Island Image, Kent County, Maryland • Rover, Talbot County, Maryland • Island Lark, Talbot County, Maryland • Sandy, Talbot County, Maryland • Jay Dee, Talbot County, Maryland • S. C. Dobson (Mary Julia Hall), Kent County, • Magic, Talbot County, Maryland Maryland • Silver Heel, Kent County, Maryland hps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log_canoe Fewer than two dozen log canoes remain, most of them built in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. All have rered from their working careers. About half sll acvely race. 8 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Ferries The Florida was built for the Balmore Steam Packet Company, which starng in 1839 operated for 122 years on the Bay. It ran the last surviving overnight steamship passenger service in the United States. hp://fineartamerica.com/featured/old-bay-line-of-balmore-1877-daniel-hagerman.html There were ferry boats on the bay as long ago as the 17th century, with one of the oldest and most heavily traveled routes running the 25 miles between Rock Hall and Annapolis. In 1919, ferries began transporng automobiles, freight and passengers between Claiborne and Annapolis. The Old Bay Line ship the President Warfield ran between Balmore and Norfolk [hp://darkroom.balmoresun.com/2015/03/from-the-vault-175th-anniversary-of-the-old-bay-line/#16] 9 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Ferries Despite compeon from the newly opened Bay Bridge, unl 1952, ferries sll managed to transport more than a million passengers a year. The boats ran 46 round trips a day. hp://www.foils.org/01_Mtg_Pres%20dnloads/100311%20IHS%20diner%20mtg/ 100311MarkRiceMAPPIHS.pdf hp://www.stardem.com/news/arcle_c1275235-b86f-51f5- New passenger hydrofoil designs that aain aa78-8cf4dbb0b6e7.html speeds of 35-50 knots have been proposed for commuters and tourists. Established in 1683, the Oxford-Bellevue Ferry, believed to be the naon's oldest privately operated ferry service. hp://www.stmichaelsmd.org/list/member/oxford-bellevue-ferry-384 10 Naval Architecture Boats of the Chesapeake Commercial Ships Maryland and Virginia pilots help vessels including cargo ships, tankers, and cruise ships reach their desnaons safely by boarding those ships from a smaller boat and then navigang them in to port. [hp:// buoybay.noaa.gov/ featured-users/ben-schill] A bulk carrier at anchor off Annapolis waing to load cargo in Balmore Virginia is home to "America's First Port," established at Jamestown in 1607 and also hosted the era of the great clipper ships.
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  • Chesapeake Skipjack Kathryn Street & Number

    Chesapeake Skipjack Kathryn Street & Number

    NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMBNo. 1024-0018 KATHRYN (Chesapeake Skipjack) Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: KATHRYN Other Name/Site Number: Chesapeake Skipjack Kathryn 2. LOCATION Street & Number: Dogwood Harbor Not for publication: N/A City/Town: Tilghman Island Vicinity: N/A State: MD County: Talbot Code: 041 Zip Code:21671 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: X Building(s):_ Public-Local:__ District:__ Public-State:_ Site: Public-Federal: Structure: X Object:_ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing ___ buildings ___ sites ___ structures ___ objects 1 0 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 1 Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: N/A NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 KATHRYN (Chesapeake Skipjack) Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this __ nomination __ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property __ meets __ does not meet the National Register Criteria. Signature of Certifying Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau In my opinion, the property __ meets __ does not meet the National Register criteria.