Report of the Twenty-Seventh Alfalfa Improvement Conference
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REPORT OF THE TWENTY-SEVENTH ALFALFA IMPROVEMENT CONFERENCE July 8-10, 1980 University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin Agricultural Reviews and Manuals Science and Education Administration ARM-NC-19 U.S. Department of Agriculture May 1981 REPORT OF THE TWENTY-SEVENTH ALFALFA IMPROVEMENT CONFERENCE July 8-10, 1980 University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin Reported by D. K. Barnes, Permanent Secretary Twenty-eighth Alfalfa I mprovement Conference to be held July 13-15, 1982 University of California Davis, California Published by Agricultural Research, North Central Region Science and Education Administration U.S. Department of Agriculture ISSN 0193-3787 Peoria,lIlInols 61615 Distribution of Conference Report The conference report is sent to all those on the National Alfalfa Improvement Conference mailing list. It is also sent to libraries that have requested copies of previous reports. For research leaders to identify scientists and libraries that should be added to our mailing list, a complete , listing of them is provided for your information. If you are aware of new names that should be added to the Alfalfa Improvement Conference directory, or lf you have a change of address, please \ send the Mailing List Questionnaire form at the back of this report to the conference secretary. \ LIBRARIES University of C~lifornia, Berkeley, CA 94720 University of California, Davis, CA 95616 Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521 Department of Genetics, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504 Hume Library of Federal Documents, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 John Deere & Co., Moline, IL 61265 University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 Indiana State Library, 140 N. Senate Ave., Indianapolis, IN 46204 Iowa State Universi ty, Ames, IA 50010 Enoch Pratt Free Library, 400 Cathedral St., Baltimore, MD 21201 USDA, National Agricultural Library, Publications Section, Beltsville, MD 20705 Department of AgronomY & Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 Delta Branch Experiment Station, Stoneville, MS 38776 Linda Hall Library, 5109 Cherry St., Kansas City, MO 64110 C. Y. Thompson Library, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68503 Agricultural Library, Rutgers University, PO Box 231, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 Albuquerque Branch Library, Albuquerque, NM 87103 Albert R. Mann Library, Ithaca, NY 14850 New York State College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, NY 14850 North Dakota State University, Fargo, NO 58102 Oregon State University, Corvall is, OR 97331 Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 Steenbock Memorial Library, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Madison, WI 53706 Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 Vermont Agricultural Experiment Station, Burlington, VT 05401 Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization, Riverina Laboratory, Deni1iquin, N.S.W. Australia NSW Department of Agriculture, Sydney, N.S.W. Australia Cameron Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1 Canada Central Experimental Farm, CA, Ottawa, Ontario, K2E GC7 Canada Canada Agriculture, Library Recording, Ottawa, Ontario K1A Oe5 Canada Station de Recherche, 2650 Boulevard Hochelaya, Ste-foy, Quebec, G1V 2J6 Canada Research Station, CA, University Campus, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OX2 Canada University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OX2 Canada Research Station Library, Box 1030, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, S9H 3X2 Canada Bibliothek, Vyskumny Ustav Rast1innej Vyroby, 921 68 Piestany, Bratis1avska, Cesta 2966, CSSR-Czechos1ovakia Department of Applied Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England Department of Agricultural Science and Applied Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England Plant Breeding Institute Library, Maris Lane, Trumpington, Cambridge, England Grassland Research Institute, Hurley, Maidenhead, Berks, England Commonwealth Bureau of Pastures and Field Crops, Hurley, NR. Maidenhead, Berks, England Bureau of Plant Breeding & Genetics, School of Agriculture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England Bib1iotheque I.N.R.A., Station d'Amelioration des Plantes fourrageres, 86-600 Lusignan, France Station Centrale de Genetique et D'Amelioration des P1antes, Versailles, France Universitats-Bib1iothek, Abt. Zentralbib1iothek der Landbauwissenschraft, Box 264 Bonn 1, West Germany Library DeHaaf (Foundation for Agricultural Plant Breeding), P.O. Box 117, Wageningen-6104, The Netherlands George Forbes Memorial Library, Lincoln College, Canterbury, New Zealand Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Aberystwyth, Wales Lantbrukskogsko1an, U1tunabib1ioteket, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden Weibu11sho1m Plant Breeding Institute, Landskroma, Sweden Agricultural C~llege of Norway, AS-NLH, Norway Institut Za Op1emenjivanje Library, Maru1iceu Trg 5, 41000 Zagreb, Yugoslavia ii TWENTY-SEVENTH ALFALFA IMPROVEMENT CONFERENCE Program Chairman--E. L. Sorensen Contents INTRODUCTION SPECIAL ADDRESSES Are We Paying Enough Attention to Soil Fertility?--Some Results with Potassium--Dale Smith 2 Forages, Food, and Energy--H. J. Hodgson. • • • . • . • . • • • . • • . • • • . 14 AN ALFALFA PLANT JUICE, PROTEIN PRODUCTION SYSTEM Chairman--H. W. Ream Development of Farm-Scale Equipment for Alfalfa Fractionation--R. G. Koegel 21 Utilization of Pressed Alfalfa and Plant Juice Protein--N. A. Jorgensen •••••• 22 Utilization of Deproteinized Alfalfa Juice--M. Collins •..••..•••. • • 23 SEED PRODUCTION Chairman--D. E. Brown Alfalfa Seed Production Potentials for the 1980's--R. R. Kalton and D. E. Brown · 24 Lea fcutt i ng Bees for Fun and Profit--W. P. Stephen • • . • • . • • • . • . • 27 NITROGEN FIXATION Chairman--L. 'R. Teuber Ineffective Alfalfa Nodules: How and Why--C. P. Vance and L. E. B. Johnson .••• • • 28 Inheritance of Five Traits Conditioning Ineffective Nitrogen Fixation in Alfalfa- M. A. Peterson and D. K. Barnes ..••...•...•...•...••..• • 29 Competitive Ability of Rhizobium meliloti in Nodulation of Alfalfa' (Hedicago sativa L. )--G. Hardarson . • • . • . • • • • . • . • • • . • . • 30 Field Survey of Acetylene Reduction Rates in Legumes Growing on Western Rangelands-- D. A. Johnson and M. D. Rumbaugh • . • . • . • • . • .... · 31 Nitrogen Fixation of Alfalfa After Harvest •...••...•• • 32 Nitrogen Fixation of Alfalfa Measured by lsN Isotope Dilution- G. H. Heichel, D. K. Barnes, and C. P. Vance ..•.... • •• 33 DISEASES AND INSECTS Chairman--J. H. Graham Investigations on Distribution, Growth Rate, Resistance to, and Host Range of Race and 2 of Colletotrichum trifolii--R. E. ~Ielty, R. Y. Gurgis, and D. E. Rowe •... 34 The Occurrence of Race 2 of Colletotrichum trirolii in the Mid-Atlantic States-- S. A. Ostazeski and J. H. Elgin, Jr .•...•...•••......••••.• · .35- Effect of Downy Mildew Reaction of Selecting for Saponin Content in Alfalfa-- D. L. Stuteville and E. L. Sorensen •..•••..••...•••.•••.• • 36 Effect of Spring Black Stem on Alfalfa Forage Yield in the Greenhouse and Possible Selection Methodology--E. H. Hijano and F. I. Frosheiser .•.••....••.• 37 Surface Sterilization of Alfalfa Seed and Alfalfa Plant Tissues With Chlorine Gas- B. D. Thyr, B. J. Hartman, N. P. Maxon, and S. A. Fazal Farook .•••..• 38 Consumption, Assimilation, and Conversion of 15 Forage Legumes by Lepidopteran Larvae in Wisconsin--J. M. Scriber ..•.•...•..•••.••.••. • 39 '- ALFALFA MANAGEMENT Chairman--J. L. Caddel The Effects of Seeding Rates on Stand Longevity, Stand Count, Stem Number and Forage Yield of Alfalfa--B. J. Hartman, R. N. Peaden, B. D. Thyr, and O. J. Hunt. 40 Effect of Nematocides and Fungicides on Legume Establ ishme'nt in Northern Minnesota-- C. C. Sheaffer, D. L. Rabas, D. H. MacDonald, and F. I. Frosheiser . • • . • • • . 41 Effects of Three Harvest Schedules on Forage Yield, Quality, and Persistence of Six Alfalfa CUltivars--I. T. Carlson and I. D. C. Obierika • • . • • . • . • • • . 42 Fertility and Management Practices for a 10-Ton Yield in Michigan--M. B. Tesar. • 43 La~e Autumn Harvest of Third Crop Alfalfa Can Allow Long Stand Persistence 1n the North--G. C. Marten • • . • • • . • . • . 44 Reproduction of Alfalfa in a Dryland Pasture--M. D. Rumbaugh . 45 Alfalfa Management Research in Nevada--E. H. Jensen • • • . • 46 Pennsylvania's Alfalfa Growers Program--A Field Study--J. E. Baylor . • 47 Forage Yields from Different Patterns of Initial Stands--J. W. Miller • 48 iii TRICHOMES ON Hedicago SPECIES Cnairman--E. L. Sorensen Glandular Secretory System of Annual and Perennial Hedicago Species-- G. L. Krei tner and E. L. Sorensen . • • . • • . • . • . • . • · . 50 Resistance to Alfalfa Weevil and Potato Leafhopper Increased by Glandular and Simple Hairs--E. K. Horber. E. L. Sorensen. and K. J. R. Johnson ....... 51 The Chemical Identification of the Glandular Hair Exudate from Hedicago scutellata- D. r. Triebe, C. E. Meloan, and E. L. Sorensen .............• · 52 Transf~r of Glandular Hairs from Diploid Hedicago prostrata to Tetraploid H. sativa- E. L. Sorensen, N. Sangduen, and G. H. Liang .....•.•......•..••. · 53 ALFALFA BREEDING Cnairman--D. A. Miller Factors Affecting Yield and Quality of Alfalfa Sprouts--O. B. Hesterman and L. R. Teuber .• 54 An Overview of Legume, Pasture Bloat Research at Saskatoon--R. E. Howarth, G. L. Lees, and B. P. Goplen . • . • • . • . • 55 Selection for Phosphorus and Lignin Content in Alfalfa--R. R. Hill, Jr. •..•.. 56 Changes in tne Cold Hardiness of Alfalfa lHedicago falcata) During Five Consecutive Winters