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User-Centered Social Software – Model and Characteristics of a Software Family for Social Information Management

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User-Centered Social Software – Model and Characteristics of a Software Family for Social Information Management Fakultät für Informatik der Technischen Universität München User-Centered Social Software – Model and Characteristics of a Software Family for Social Information Management Vanda Lehel Fakultät für Informatik der Technischen Universität München Lehrstuhl für Software Engineering betrieblicher Informationssysteme User-Centered Social Software – Model and Characteristics of a Software Family for Social Information Management Vanda Lehel Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät für Informatik der Technischen Universität München zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzender: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Helmut Krcmar Prüfer der Dissertation: 1. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Florian Matthes 2. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Johann Schlichter Die Dissertation wurde am 18.04.2007 bei der Technischen Universität München eingereicht und durch die Fakultät für Informatik am 09.08.2007 angenommen. Abstract In recent years, web community platforms that pertain to the emerging class of social software have gained considerable popularity among lead users on the Web. Social software platforms focus on supporting information exchange in online social networks by providing services for information search, publication and sharing, and collaborative classification of personal information in individual users’ social contexts. Hence, individual users can link together and exchange information with selected contacts like co-workers, friends or family members by means of social software. However, functional features and information models of social software platforms reveal limitations from the individual user’s perspective with regard to managing distributed personal information, that is, most significantly lack of service integration, flexible metadata management and cross-platform relation management of personal information. Within the scope of this thesis, the concept of user-centered social software as an innovative approach for personal information management support in online social networks is developed. The basis for this concept is established by the characterization of different kinds of social software and the extension of personal information management activities to information exchange in online social networks referred to as social information management. The user-centered social software model therefore proposes an integrated view on all available information from the individual user’s perspective and encompasses services for the acquisition of relevant information, controlled information dissemination to selected contacts and flexible metadata and semantic information relation management concerning the organization of distributed personal information. The characteristics of user-centered social software are further substantiated by means of a software architecture design and are illustrated on a user interface prototype, termed Social Organizer. iii iv Acknowledgements This work emerged from my activities as a research assistant at the Chair Software Engineering for Business Information Systems (Prof. Dr. Florian Matthes) at the Department of Informatics of the Technische Universität München. First, I would like to thank my doctoral advisor, Prof. Dr. Florian Matthes, for providing the opportunity to work on this interesting research topic and his suggestions and advice that greatly contributed to the success of this work. I would also like to thank my second referee, Prof. Dr. Johann Schlichter, for valuable suggestions to enhance essential parts of the thesis. I have enjoyed collaborating with my colleague Sheng Wei and thank him for fruitful discussions and cooperation within our joint research project. I would like to thank my father, Dr. Csaba Lehel, for helpful suggestions that greatly helped me improving this work. I also thank Patrick Hupe for helpful discussions and comments to enhance parts of this thesis. I am very grateful to my family and Patrick for their support, constant encouragement and understanding during my doctoral work. v vi Contents Index of Figures ................................................................................................................................. xi Index of Tables................................................................................................................................... xiii Index of Acronyms............................................................................................................................. xv 1. Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Motivation............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2. Main Contributions of this Thesis........................................................................................ 3 1.3. Thesis Structure ................................................................................................................... 5 2. Personal Information Management.............................................................................................. 7 2.1. Terminology......................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1. Classification of Information ....................................................................................... 7 2.1.2. Information Objects ..................................................................................................... 10 2.2. Characterization of Personal Information Management ...................................................... 14 2.2.1. Personal Information Management versus Personal Knowledge Management ........... 15 2.2.2. Objectives of Personal Information Management........................................................ 16 2.2.3. Acquisition and Retrieval Strategies of Personal Information..................................... 18 2.2.4. Requirements for Personal Information Management Support.................................... 22 2.3. Supporting Solutions............................................................................................................ 25 2.3.1. Personal Applications................................................................................................... 26 2.3.2. Approaches to Unified PIM Support............................................................................ 29 2.4. Summary.............................................................................................................................. 33 3. Social Software............................................................................................................................ 35 3.1. Social Networks................................................................................................................... 35 3.1.1. Social Network Analysis.............................................................................................. 36 3.1.2. Interpersonal Relationships.......................................................................................... 38 3.1.3. Information Exchange in Social Networks .................................................................. 40 3.2. Characterization of Social Software .................................................................................... 41 3.2.1. Computer-Mediated Communication Services ............................................................ 44 vii CONTENTS 3.2.2. Weblogs ....................................................................................................................... 47 3.2.3. Wikis ............................................................................................................................ 51 3.2.4. Social Networking Services ......................................................................................... 52 3.2.5. Object-Centered Social Software................................................................................. 54 3.2.6. E-Commerce Platforms................................................................................................ 57 3.3. Social Software Model......................................................................................................... 58 3.3.1. Information Models of Social Software Platforms....................................................... 58 3.3.2. Content Provider Model............................................................................................... 61 3.3.3. Social Software Services.............................................................................................. 62 3.4. Summary.............................................................................................................................. 64 4. User-Centered Social Software.................................................................................................... 67 4.1. Terminology and Conceptual Model ................................................................................... 67 4.1.1. Link Management ........................................................................................................ 70 4.1.2. Task Contexts and Portfolios ....................................................................................... 72 4.2. Social Information Management.......................................................................................... 73 4.2.1. Information Acquisition..............................................................................................
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