Problem of New Marine Silk Road Construction in China
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Glottal Stop Initials and Nasalization in Sino-Vietnamese and Southern Chinese
Glottal Stop Initials and Nasalization in Sino-Vietnamese and Southern Chinese Grainger Lanneau A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts University of Washington 2020 Committee: Zev Handel William Boltz Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Asian Languages and Literature ©Copyright 2020 Grainger Lanneau University of Washington Abstract Glottal Stop Initials and Nasalization in Sino-Vietnamese and Southern Chinese Grainger Lanneau Chair of Supervisory Committee: Professor Zev Handel Asian Languages and Literature Middle Chinese glottal stop Ying [ʔ-] initials usually develop into zero initials with rare occasions of nasalization in modern day Sinitic1 languages and Sino-Vietnamese. Scholars such as Edwin Pullyblank (1984) and Jiang Jialu (2011) have briefly mentioned this development but have not yet thoroughly investigated it. There are approximately 26 Sino-Vietnamese words2 with Ying- initials that nasalize. Scholars such as John Phan (2013: 2016) and Hilario deSousa (2016) argue that Sino-Vietnamese in part comes from a spoken interaction between Việt-Mường and Chinese speakers in Annam speaking a variety of Chinese called Annamese Middle Chinese AMC, part of a larger dialect continuum called Southwestern Middle Chinese SMC. Phan and deSousa also claim that SMC developed into dialects spoken 1 I will use the terms “Sinitic” and “Chinese” interchangeably to refer to languages and speakers of the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. 2 For the sake of simplicity, I shall refer to free and bound morphemes alike as “words.” 1 in Southwestern China today (Phan, Desousa: 2016). Using data of dialects mentioned by Phan and deSousa in their hypothesis, this study investigates initial nasalization in Ying-initial words in Southwestern Chinese Languages and in the 26 Sino-Vietnamese words. -
The Symbol of the Dragon and Ways to Shape Cultural Identities in Institute Working Vietnam and Japan Paper Series
2015 - HARVARD-YENCHING THE SYMBOL OF THE DRAGON AND WAYS TO SHAPE CULTURAL IDENTITIES IN INSTITUTE WORKING VIETNAM AND JAPAN PAPER SERIES Nguyen Ngoc Tho | University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University – Ho Chi Minh City THE SYMBOL OF THE DRAGON AND WAYS TO SHAPE 1 CULTURAL IDENTITIES IN VIETNAM AND JAPAN Nguyen Ngoc Tho University of Social Sciences and Humanities Vietnam National University – Ho Chi Minh City Abstract Vietnam, a member of the ASEAN community, and Japan have been sharing Han- Chinese cultural ideology (Confucianism, Mahayana Buddhism etc.) and pre-modern history; therefore, a great number of common values could be found among the diverse differences. As a paddy-rice agricultural state of Southeast Asia, Vietnam has localized Confucianism and absorbed it into Southeast Asian culture. Therefore, Vietnamese Confucianism has been decentralized and horizontalized after being introduced and accepted. Beside the local uniqueness of Shintoism, Japan has shared Confucianism, the Indian-originated Mahayana Buddhism and other East Asian philosophies; therefore, both Confucian and Buddhist philosophies should be wisely laid as a common channel for cultural exchange between Japan and Vietnam. This semiotic research aims to investigate and generalize the symbol of dragons in Vietnam and Japan, looking at their Confucian and Buddhist absorption and separate impacts in each culture, from which the common and different values through the symbolic significances of the dragons are obviously generalized. The comparative study of Vietnamese and Japanese dragons can be enlarged as a study of East Asian dragons and the Southeast Asian legendary naga snake/dragon in a broader sense. The current and future political, economic and cultural exchanges between Japan and Vietnam could be sped up by applying a starting point at these commonalities. -
A Abbasid Caliphate, 239 Relations Between Tang Dynasty China And
INDEX A anti-communist forces, 2 Abbasid Caliphate, 239 Antony, Robert, 200 relations between Tang Dynasty “Apollonian” culture, 355 China and, 240 archaeological research in Southeast Yang Liangyao’s embassy to, Asia, 43, 44, 70 242–43, 261 aromatic resins, 233 Zhenyuan era (785–805), 242, aromatic timbers, 230 256 Arrayed Tales aboriginal settlements, 175–76 (The Arrayed Tales of Collected Abramson, Marc, 81 Oddities from South of the Abu Luoba ( · ), 239 Passes Lĩnh Nam chích quái liệt aconite, 284 truyện), 161–62 Agai ( ), Princess, 269, 286 becoming traditions, 183–88 Age of Exploration, 360–61 categorizing stories, 163 agricultural migrations, 325 fox essence in, 173–74 Amarapura Guanyin Temple, 314n58 and history, 165–70 An Dương Vương (also importance of, 164–65 known as Thục Phán ), 50, othering savages, 170–79 165, 167 promotion of, 164–65 Angkor, 61, 62 savage tales, 179–83 Cham naval attack on, 153 stories in, 162–63 Angkor Wat, 151 versions of, 170 carvings in, 153 writing style, 164 Anglo-Burmese War, 294 Atwill, David, 327 Annan tuzhi [Treatise and Âu Lạc Maps of Annan], 205 kingdom, 49–51 anti-colonial movements, 2 polity, 50 371 15 ImperialChinaIndexIT.indd 371 3/7/15 11:53 am 372 Index B Biography of Hua Guan Suo (Hua Bạch Đằng River, 204 Guan Suo zhuan ), 317 Bà Lộ Savages (Bà Lộ man ), black clothing, 95 177–79 Blakeley, Barry B., 347 Ba Min tongzhi , 118, bLo sbyong glegs bam (The Book of 121–22 Mind Training), 283 baneful spirits, in medieval China, Blumea balsamifera, 216, 220 143 boat competitions, 144 Banteay Chhmar carvings, 151, 153 in southern Chinese local Baoqing siming zhi , traditions, 149 224–25, 231 boat racing, 155, 156. -
Early Chinese Diplomacy: Realpolitik Versus the So-Called Tributary System
realpolitik versus tributary system armin selbitschka Early Chinese Diplomacy: Realpolitik versus the So-called Tributary System SETTING THE STAGE: THE TRIBUTARY SYSTEM AND EARLY CHINESE DIPLOMACY hen dealing with early-imperial diplomacy in China, it is still next W to impossible to escape the concept of the so-called “tributary system,” a term coined in 1941 by John K. Fairbank and S. Y. Teng in their article “On the Ch’ing Tributary System.”1 One year later, John Fairbank elaborated on the subject in the much shorter paper “Tribu- tary Trade and China’s Relations with the West.”2 Although only the second work touches briefly upon China’s early dealings with foreign entities, both studies proved to be highly influential for Yü Ying-shih’s Trade and Expansion in Han China: A Study in the Structure of Sino-Barbarian Economic Relations published twenty-six years later.3 In particular the phrasing of the latter two titles suffices to demonstrate the three au- thors’ main points: foreigners were primarily motivated by economic I am grateful to Michael Loewe, Hans van Ess, Maria Khayutina, Kathrin Messing, John Kiesch nick, Howard L. Goodman, and two anonymous Asia Major reviewers for valuable suggestions to improve earlier drafts of this paper. Any remaining mistakes are, of course, my own responsibility. 1 J. K. Fairbank and S. Y. Teng, “On the Ch’ing Tributary System,” H JAS 6.2 (1941), pp. 135–246. 2 J. K. Fairbank in FEQ 1.2 (1942), pp. 129–49. 3 Yü Ying-shih, Trade and Expansion in Han China: A Study in the Structure of Sino-barbarian Economic Relations (Berkeley and Los Angeles: U. -
CHINESE LEGAL THOUGHT in the HAN-TANG TRANSITION: Liu Song’S (D
UCLA UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal Title Chinese Legal Thought in the Han-Tang Transition Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/73g462r0 Journal UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal, 35(2) Author Ho, Norman P. Publication Date 2018 DOI 10.5070/P8352039070 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Liu Song’s Theory of Adjudication CHINESE LEGAL THOUGHT IN THE HAN-TANG TRANSITION: Liu Song’s (d. 300) Theory of Adjudication Norman P. Ho* This article explores and analyzes the fourth century Chinese legal official and legal scholar Liu Song’s (d. 300) theory of adjudication through a full translation into English (the first translation of its kind) of his famous “Memorial on Adjudication,” which urged judicial and legal reforms during the reign of Emperor Hui (r. 290–306) of the Western Jin dynasty (265–316). This article argues that Liu believed that written law should reign supreme over other factors (e.g., societal needs, public opin- ion) in adjudicating cases. He was also one of the first major Chinese legal thinkers to explicitly set forth what we would today call the “legality prin- ciple.” But while Liu’s theory of adjudication was centered on written law, it was also motivated by a desire to control the power and discretion of judicial officials and preserve the authority of the emperor. Liu’s theory of adjudication is significant in the history of Chinese legal thought as it runs counter to the so-called “qing-li-fa” (QLF) theory of adjudication, which has strongly influenced contemporary theoretical accounts and descriptions of traditional Chinese law as a whole. -
How Special Has the Special Relationship Between China And
Xiaorong Han, Lingnan University (Hong Kong, China)*1 Series Editors Jürgen Rüland, Judith Schlehe, Günther Schulze, Sabine Dabringhaus, Stefan Seitz This article re-examines three important issues in Sino-Vietnamese relations, namely, Vietnam’s borrowing of the Chinese model, Vietnam and the Chinese World Order, and the management of conflicts between the two countries. It argues that whereas China and Vietnam have maintained a special relationship overall during the historical period, in these three aspects the relationship between the two countries demonstrates various degrees of uniqueness. In evincing the specialness of Sino-Vietnamese relations, the author attaches great importance to comparing and contrasting Sino-Vietnamese relations with relations between China and three other groups, including fellow states from the traditional East Asian Confucian world (Korea and Japan), non-Han minority groups in southern China, and Vietnam’s Southeast Asian neighbors. Due attention is also paid to analyzing the continuity and change between the pre-modern and modern periods. China; Vietnam; Chinese World Order; Conflict Management; Cultural Borrowing Please do not quote or cite without permission of the author. Comments are very welcome. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the author in the first instance. *1This manuscript is the result of a short-term fellowship awarded to me in 2015 by the Freiburg Southeast Asia research group sponsored by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under grant no. 01UC1307. I would like to thank BMBF for this opportunity and the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS) and its research focus members for their kind support. -
Ancient China and the Yue: Perceptions and Identities on the Southern Frontier, C
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08478-0 - Ancient China and the Yue: Perceptions and Identities on the Southern Frontier, c. 400 BCE–50 CE Erica Fox Brindley Index More information Index Allard, Francis and Sima Qian’s reference to the Man-yi, on contemporary Chinese 135–136 archaeology, 63 unbound hair associated with, on Lingnan archaeology, 75–76 143–144 on southern Zhejian/Fujian archaeology, Yi-di peoples in the Wuyue chunqiu, 67–68, 81n74 150n27 on Zhao family funerary architecture, Yue in-betweenness conveyed by the 203, 210 Zhanguo ce, 130–131 on Zhao Tuo, 203 Barbieri-Low, Anthony, 162n56 Analects. See Confucius and the Analects Beiqi shu (History of the Northern Anguo Shaoji, 215 Qi), 9 Austric hypothesis Bellwood, Peter, 57n40 and the Hmong-Mien, 59 Benedict, Paul, 49n10 north to south rice-driven migrations Best, Jonathan, 153n35 linked to, 57–58 Bielenstein, Hans, 19, 110n52–111 and Sagart’s STAN hypothesis, 58–59, blackened teeth 64–65n9 Black-Tooth Yue kingdom in the East, Schmidt’s proposal of, 56–57 167n73, 169, 170–171 ohaguro practice in Japan, 171 Ba state, 28, 228 of Yue groups, 167n73, 170, 171 customs described by Wang Chong, Blust, Robert ’ 154–155 on Sagart s claims, 49n13, 50 ’ territory of, xxim2 on Schmidt s hypothesis, 57 Bai-yue (Hundred Yue) theory that Austronesian-speaking heterogeneous mixture of language peoples inhabited Taiwan, 25, – – families associated with, 60–61 46 47n3, 57 58 fi linguistic unity of, 52–53 boat-like cof ns Man-yi distinguished from, 32–33 in cave tombs of the Wuyishan as a term expressing difference and mountains, 81 – similarity, 30–31, 32–33, 81, 243, and the mausoleum at Yinshan, 70 71, 248n8 81, 88, 90f2 as a term for ousted Yue elites, 28 undeciphered inscriptions associated territory of, xxim2, 77, 248 with, 42 – vocabulary traced to Austro-Asiatic of Wu and Yue cultures, 80 81 terms, 54 body art practices Baldanza, Kate, 4n2 peoples and regions associated with – Ban Gu. -
The Trouble with Mechanized Farming
EASTM 21 (2003): 12-47 Thục Phán, Cao Tông, and the Transfer of Military Technology in Third Century BC Việt Nam1 Marilynn Larew [Marilynn Larew received her Ph.D. from the University of Maryland College Park and she taught in the University of Maryland system for thirty years. She is the author of two monographs on historical preservation. Now in retirement from teaching she enjoys maintaining a scholarly relationship with the Institute of Archaeology in Ha Noi and travels to Vietnam regularly.] * * * One of the most intriguing problems in early Vietnamese history is the ruins of a citadel at Cổ Loa across the Red River and some 20 km from Hà Nội. This is a puzzle that comes in two parts: the physical remains and the story attached to them in early Chinese records. The story is of a man who conquered the Vietnamese Hùng King and the kingdom of Văn Lang, founded his own kingdom, built a citadel, acquired a magic crossbow with which to defend it, and lost them all—crossbow, citadel, and kingdom—because of overconfidence and treachery.2 As for the physical remains, the citadel has the first rammed earth defensive walls in Việt Nam, and an examination of its archaeology can give clues to the probable source of this new technology. Commonly attributed to Thục Phán, King An Dương of Âu Lạc (traditional dates: 257-208 BC), the remains of the citadel are situated about 8 km from where the Hoàng River flows into the Red River, near the district town of Ðông Anh (see Map 1). -
Excavation of Western Han Wooden Slips on the Site of the Palace of the Nanyue Kingdom
Excavation of Western Han Wooden Slips on the Site of the Palace of the Nanyue Kingdom Excavation of Western Han Wooden Slips on the Site of the Palace of the Nanyue Kingdom Guangzhou Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Institute of Archaeology, CASS Preparatory Office for the Museum of the Palace of the Nanyue Kingdom Key words: Palace-Nanyue Kingdom (Western Han) Wooden Tablets-China-Western Han Dynasty Inscriptions-Chinese Recording and Registration-History legal documents The site of the palace of the Nanyue Kingdom (203– chaeological team of Guangzhou Municipal Institute of 111 BCE) of the Western Han Dynasty is located in the Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Institute of midst of the old urban district of Guangzhou City (Figure Archaeology, CASS and Preparatory Office for the 1). From November 2004 to January 2005, the joint ar- Museum of the Palace of the Nanyue Kingdom exca- vated a well (numbered as J264) in this site, from Hotel Canton which more than one hundred inscribed wooden Modern slips were unearthed. This is regarded as a new Buildings Modern and significant discovery of the Nanyue Kingdom Buildings Archaeology. The Well Site J264 Modern Buildings (1) General Status: This well is superimposed by Provincial the foundation layer of architecture of the later Finance Bureau phase of Nanyue Kingdom. It was 3.08 meters in depth; the upper part of the shaft, which was 0.85 meter high, 0.82 meter in inner diameter and 1.16 Municipal Telephone Company meters in outer diameter, was lined by 15 layers 5 3 of circle bricks, and the lower part, which was 0. -
Vietnamese Americans LESSONS in AMERICAN HISTORY
Vietnamese Americans LESSONS IN AMERICAN HISTORY Vietnam Before 1975 V 2800 B.C. – 300 B.C. The Vietnamese have numerous legends about the origin of their state. According to the most famous legend, a Vietnamese prince named Lac Long Qu∑n comes to northern Viet Nam from his home in the sea. He marries Au Co, a princess from the mountain, on the top of Mount Tän ViΩn some time around 2800 B.C. The union results in the princess laying 100 eggs, with a son eventually hatching from each. For some unknown reason, the parents separate, the mother leading half the progeny across the northern mountains, where they become the ancestors of the Mvrg people, and the father leading the remaining fifty sons to the sea, where they become ancestors of the Vietnamese. The most valiant of the sons later becomes the first of the eighteen Hzng kings. Lac Long Qu∑n and Au Co are regarded by the Vietnamese as their primal ancestors. King Hzng establishes VCn Lang, the earliest name for Viet Nam. Another seventeen Hzng kings or generations succeed him, ruling throughout the Bronze Age. The new state prospers under an elaborate irrigation system of dikes and canals that control and channel the supplies of water in the Red River Delta. VCn Lang comprises the northern parts of present-day Viet Nam. 300 B.C. The historical evidence does not establish the reasons for the fall of the zH ng kingdom of VCn Lang. But by 300 B.C., the people in this region seem to be divided into Tay Au (Vietnamese of the highlands) and Lac Viet (Vietnamese of the plains). -
China's Gate to the South
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften / Austrian Academy of Sciences AAS WORKING PAPERS IN SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY Volume 29 Angela Schottenhammer CHINA’S GATE TO THE SOUTH: IRANIAN AND ARAB MERCHANT NETWORKS IN GUANGZHOU DURING THE TANG-SONG TRANSITION (c.750–1050), PART II: 900–c.1050 Band 29 ÖAW ARBEITSPAPIERE ZUR SOZIALANTHROPOLOGIE AAS Working Papers in Social Anthropology / ÖAW Arbeitspapiere zur Sozialanthropologie ISBN-Online: 978-3-7001-7880-4 DOI:10.1553/wpsa29 Wien 2015 Editors / Herausgeber: Andre Gingrich & Guntram Hazod © Institut für Sozialanthropologie Zentrum Asienwissenschaften und Sozialanthropologie Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Apostelgasse 23 A-1030 Wien Fax: 01/ 51581-6450 E-Mail: [email protected] CHINA’S GATE TO THE SOUTH: Iranian and Arab Merchant Networks in Guangzhou during the Tang-Song Transition (c.750–1050), Part II: 900–c.1050* ANGELA SCHOTTENHAMMER In a world of tumult many courtiers [sic] of the Middle Kingdom journeyed to the far reaches of Lingnan in search of sanctuary. There were famous courtiers banished for life in the far south during Tang times who often left behind survivors; or officials on recent assignment who encountered tumult that impeded their safe passage back north – these are the sorts of persons to become itinerants beyond the Lingnan Mountains1 1. Introduction “In late Tang times, Nanhai was the last region to succumb to chaos, so senior courtiers after Xizong’s reign [, r. 873–888] serving locally as governors could find no place untouched by turmoil, safe for Nanhai. Yet it also turned independent beginning with Yin’s [that is, Liu Yin , A.S.] rule” (Davis 2004: 537). -
Nguồn Gốc Dân Tộc Việt
Nguồn Gốc Dân Tộc Việt Vietnamese American 2001 Rose Parade float in Pasadena, California, figuring a boat with the Lạc Bird in the front and motifs of a bronze drum in the back. Courtesy of David Moore from MIT Based on Chinese texts, the ancestors of the Vietnamese were the Lạc Việt /Luo Yue who grew wet rice in Lạc điền (water fields). In a strict sense, the Lạc Việt were one or several related tribes of the Bách Việt (Baiyue, Hundred Yue) of South China. According to studies of the Human Genome Organization (HUGO) Pan-Asian SNP Consortium,1,2 the first natives of Văn Lang (ancient Vietnam) had migrated from the south. Some of the Australomelanesians or Austronesians (similar to indigenous Filipinos, Malays and Indonesians) colonized the Red River Basin,3,4 others went on further north about 80,000 years ago to what is now China.5 There, over scores of millennia, they developed a lighter skin (for more efficient Vitamin D3 production) and Mongoloid features. During and after the last glaciation (20,000-9000 BCE), many moved back south in search of a warmer climate, and mixed with the “locals.”6 It is natural to wonder if there is ethnic and cultural continuity between the ancient settlers of the Red River Basin, cradle of Vietnam heritage, and the modern Vietnamese who won their independence after more than a thousand years of Chinese colonization. Specifically, 1 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8406506.stm accessed Oct 2, 2011. 2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3121791/pdf/pone.0021451.pdf Accessed 10-17-2015.