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A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania

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A CENSUS OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF TASMANIA and Index to The Student’s Flora of Tasmania and Flora of Tasmania Online MF de Salas & ML Baker 2014 edition Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Department of State Growth Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2014 A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania and Index to the Student’s Flora of Tasmania and Flora of Tasmania Online 2014 edition MF de Salas and ML Baker Postal address: Street address: Tasmanian Herbarium College Road PO Box 5058 Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005 UTAS LPO Australia Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005 Australia © Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Published by the Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery GPO Box 1164 Hobart, Tasmania 7001 Australia www.tmag.tas.gov.au ISBN 978-1-921599-80-4 (PDF) 2 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2014 Introduction The classification systems used in this Census largely follow Cronquist (1981) for flowering plants (Angiosperms) and McCarthy (1998) for conifers, ferns and their allies. The same classification systems are used to arrange the botanical collections of the Tasmanian Herbarium and by the Flora of Australia series published by the Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS). For a more up-to-date classification of the flora refer to The Flora of Tasmania Online (Duretto 2009+) which currently follows APG II (2003). The index to The Student’s Flora of Tasmania (Curtis 1963, 1967, 1979; Curtis & Morris 1975, 1994) is given with the entries for the species and infraspecific taxa (e.g. 3:539). Families with accounts completed in the Flora of Tasmania Online (Duretto 2009+) are highlighted at the family entry (e.g. FTO 1). The 2014 edition of the Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania incorporates every name (including synonyms) used to refer to Tasmanian plants in the major taxonomic publications about Tasmania, and tries to account for every species erroneously attributed to Tasmania therein. Names from the following publications have been added: Jacques-Julien Houtou de Labillardière’s Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen (1804-1807), Robert Brown’s Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae van-Diemen (1810), Joseph Dalton Hooker’s The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of H. M. Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror in the Years 1839 - 1843 Under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross. Part III: Flora Tasmaniae (1855-1859, complete work published in 1860), all volumes of George Bentham’s Flora Australiensis (1863-1878) and Leonard Rodway’s The Tasmanian Flora (1903). Changes between the 2013 Census (Baker & de Salas 2013) and this edition are listed in Appendix 1a-d. To determine what families genera are placed in, refer to Appendix 2 at the end of this document and the Flora of Tasmania Online (Resources/Families & Genera). Symbols used in text: e endemic in Tasmania t within Australia, occurs only in Tasmania r listed under the Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 and/or the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 – refer to official legal documents for latest listings x considered by the Tasmanian Herbarium to be extinct in Tasmania i introduced and naturalised in Tasmania # sparingly naturalised or known from only one or two populations or collections n a change since the 2013 edition (see Table 1 for summary) d listed as a declared weed in Tasmania (Tasmanian Weed Management Act 1999) no symbol indicates that the taxon is native in Tasmania and the Australian mainland 3 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2014 Tables 1-3 provide a break-down of the Tasmanian flora (Macquarie Island taxa are treated separately - see Table 2 & 3) into its major taxonomic groupings and statuses. These tables include all accepted infraspecific taxa. Extinct taxa (x) also include those of doubtful status that are treated here as presumed extinct (?x). Please note that the number of native taxa includes those that are also endemic or extinct. Table 1: Some basic statistics on the status of Tasmanian vascular plants Fully Sparingly Native Endemic Extinct naturalised naturalised Dicotyledons 1786 1141 359 532 113 21 Monocotyledons 877 635 151 206 36 6 Gymnosperms 15 11 9 3 1 0 Pteridophytes 105 103 8 2 0 1 TOTAL 2783 1890 527 743 150 28 Table 2: Some basic statistics on the status of Macquarie Island vascular plants Fully Sparingly Native Endemic Extinct naturalised naturalised Dicotyledons 24 20 1 4 0 0 Monocotyledons 18 16 3 2 0 0 Gymnosperms 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pteridophytes 5 5 0 0 0 0 Total 47 41 4 6 0 0 Table 3: Statistics of Tasmanian and Macquarie Island vascular plant families and genera Tasmanian Tasmanian Macquarie Macquarie families genera Island families Island genera Dicotyledons 110 569 13 19 Monocotyledons 29 244 4 12 Gymnosperms 3 10 0 0 Pteridophytes 26 44 5 5 Total 168 867 22 36 4 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2014 Acknowledgments This checklist was developed using BRAHMS (Botanical Research And Herbarium Management System) database management system. The authors would like to thank the BRAHMS team for making possible (and infinitely easier) the publication of an annual up-to-date census. In addition the authors would like to thank the APC (Australian Plant Census) group, whose work brings to our attention a myriad of taxonomic updates we might otherwise miss. We also would like to thank Lynette Cave of the Tasmanian Herbarium for her assistance in checking the validity and publication details of numerous taxa. Mark Wapstra (ECOtas) provided useful comments on drafts of this publication and for these we are grateful. 5 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2014 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census DICOTYLEDONEAE ACANTHACEAE FTO 120 i Acanthus mollis L., Sp. Pl. 2: 639 (1753) 3:539 ACERACEAE FTO 86 i Acer pseudoplatanus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1054 (1753) AIZOACEAE FTO 101 Aptenia cordifolia (L.f.) Schwantes = Mesembryanthemum cordifolium i # Carpobrotus aequilaterus (Haw.) N.E.Br., J. Bot. 66: 324 (1928) i Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N.E.Br., Gen. S. Afr. Fl. Pl.: 249 (1926) 2:238 Carpobrotus rossii (Haw.) Schwantes, Gartenflora 77: 68 (1928) 2:238 Disphyma australe (Aiton) N.E.Br. sensu Curtis (1963) = Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum 2:239 Disphyma crassifolium (L.) L.Bolus subsp. clavellatum (Haw.) Chinnock, Fl. S. Austral., ed. 4, 1: 194 (1986) 2:239 i Drosanthemum candens (Haw.) Schwantes, Z. Sukkulentenk. 3: 29 (1927) i Galenia pubescens (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Druce var. pubescens, Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1916: 624 (1917) 2:241 Galenia secunda (L.f.) Sond. sensu Curtis (1963) = Galenia pubescens var. pubescens 2:241 i Lampranthus glaucus (L.) N.E.Br., Gard. Chron. 87: 212 (1930) 2:240 Mesembryanthemum aequilaterale Haw. sensu Rodway (1903) = Carpobrotus rossii 2:238 Mesembryanthemum australe Sol. sensu Rodway (1903) = Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum 2:239 i # Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L.f., Suppl. Pl.: 260 (1782) i Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 480 (1753) Tetragonia expansa Murray = Tetragonia tetragonioides 2:240 Tetragonia implexicoma (Miq.) Hook.f., Bot. Antarct. Voy. III. (Fl. Tasman.) 1: 148 (1856) 2:241 Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pall.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 264 (1891) 2:240 AMARANTHACEAE FTO 98 r Alternanthera denticulata R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 417 (1810) 3:568 Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC. sensu Hooker (1860) = Alternanthera denticulata (misapplied in Tasmania) i d Amaranthus albus L., Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 1268 (1759) i Amaranthus deflexus L., Mant. Pl. 2: 295 (1771) 3:567 i # Amaranthus graecizans L. subsp. silvestris (Vill.) Brenan, Watsonia 4: 273 (1961) Amaranthus hybridus L. sensu Curtis (1967) = Amaranthus powellii 3:566 i Amaranthus powellii S.Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 10: 347 (1875) 3:566 Amaranthus retroflexus L. sensu Curtis (1967) = Amaranthus powellii 3:566 i # Amaranthus spinosus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 991 (1753) Hemichroa pentandra R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 409 (1810) 3:576 6 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2014 Ptilotus spathulatus (R.Br.) Poir., Encycl. (Lamarck) Suppl. 4: 620 (1816) 3:567 Ptilotus spathulatus (R.Br.) Poir. f. spathulatus = Ptilotus spathulatus Trichinium spathulatum R.Br. = Ptilotus spathulatus APIACEAE (UMBELLIFERAE) Aciphylla procumbens (F.Muell.) Benth. = Anisotome procumbens 2:261 Actinotus bellidioides (Hook.f.) Benth., Fl. Austral. 3: 369 (1867) 2:253 e Actinotus moorei F.Muell. ex Rodway, Pap. & Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania 1895: 65 (1896) 2:254 e Actinotus suffocatus (Hook.f.) Rodway, Pap. & Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania 1893: 180 (1894) 2:254 i # Aegopodium podagraria L., Sp. Pl. 1: 265 (1753) i Ammi majus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 243 (1753) e Anisotome procumbens (F.Muell.) C.J.Webb, Fl. & Fauna Alpine Australasia: 395 (1986) 2:261 i Anthriscus caucalis M.Bieb., Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 230 (1808) Apium annuum P.S.Short, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 1: 230 (1979) Apium australe Thouars sensu Bentham (1867) misapplied to A. annuum, A. insulare & A. prostratum Apium insulare P.S.Short, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 1: 228 (1979) Apium prostratum Labill. ex Vent. subsp. prostratum var. filiforme (A.Rich.) Kirk, Stud. Fl. New Zealand: 196 (1899) 2:255 Apium prostratum Labill. ex Vent. subsp. prostratum var. prostratum, Jard. Malmaison 2: t.8l (1805) 2:255 Azorella dichopetala Benth. nom. illeg. = Dichosciadium ranunculaceum Azorella saxifraga (Hook.f.) Benth. = Oschatzia saxifraga 2:251 Caldasia brachycarpa Hook.f. = Oreomyrrhis eriopoda Caucalis infesta W.Curtis sensu Bentham (1867) = Torilis arvensis Centella cordifolia (Hook.f.) Nannf., Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 18: 418 (1924) 2:247 i Conium maculatum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 243 (1753) 2:254 Crantzia lineata Nutt. sensu Bentham (1867) = Lilaeopsis polyantha (misapplied in Tasmania) i Cyclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) Sprague ex Britton & P.Wilson, Bot. Porto Rico 6: 52 (1925) Daucus brachiatus Sieber ex DC. sensu Bentham (1867) = Daucus glochidiatus i Daucus carota L., Sp. Pl. 1: 242 (1753) 2:262 Daucus glochidiatus (Labill.) Fisch., C.A.Mey.
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    Advisory list of environmental weeds in Victoria M. White, D. Cheal, G.W. Carr, R. Adair, K. Blood and D. Meagher April 2018 Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Report Series No. 287 Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning PO Box 137 Heidelberg, Victoria 3084 Phone (03) 9450 8600 Website: www.ari.vic.gov.au Citation: White, M., Cheal, D., Carr, G. W., Adair, R., Blood, K. and Meagher, D. (2018). Advisory list of environmental weeds in Victoria. Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Technical Report Series No. 287. Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Heidelberg, Victoria. Front cover photo: Ixia species such as I. maculata (Yellow Ixia) have escaped from gardens and are spreading in natural areas. (Photo: Kate Blood) © The State of Victoria Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia licence. You are free to re-use the work under that licence, on the condition that you credit the State of Victoria as author. The licence does not apply to any images, photographs or branding, including the Victorian Coat of Arms, the Victorian Government logo, the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning logo and the Arthur Rylah Institute logo. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en Printed by Melbourne Polytechnic, Preston Victoria ISSN 1835-3827 (print) ISSN 1835-3835 (pdf)) ISBN 978-1-76077-000-6 (print) ISBN 978-1-76077-001-3 (pdf/online) Disclaimer This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.
  • 2019 Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania

    2019 Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania

    A CENSUS OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF TASMANIA, INCLUDING MACQUARIE ISLAND MF de Salas & ML Baker 2019 edition Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Department of State Growth Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2019 A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island. 2019 edition MF de Salas and ML Baker Postal address: Street address: Tasmanian Herbarium College Road PO Box 5058 Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005 UTAS LPO Australia Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7005 Australia © Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Published by the Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery GPO Box 1164 Hobart, Tasmania 7001 Australia https://www.tmag.tas.gov.au Cite as: de Salas, MF, Baker, ML (2019) A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania, including Macquarie Island. (Tasmanian Herbarium, Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart) https://flora.tmag.tas.gov.au/resources/census/ 2 Tasmanian Vascular Plant Census 2019 Introduction The Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania is a checklist of every native and naturalised vascular plant taxon for which there is physical evidence of its presence in Tasmania. It includes the correct nomenclature and authorship of the taxon’s name, as well as the reference of its original publication. According to this Census, the Tasmanian flora contains 2726 vascular plants, of which 1920 (70%) are considered native and 808 (30%) have naturalised from elsewhere. Among the native taxa, 533 (28%) are endemic to the State. Forty-eight of the State’s exotic taxa are considered sparingly naturalised, and are known only from a small number of populations. Twenty-three native taxa are recognised as extinct, whereas eight naturalised taxa are considered to have either not persisted in Tasmania or have been eradicated.