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BEFORE the ORIGINAL POSITION the Neo-Orthodox Theology of the Young John Rawls
BEFORE THE ORIGINAL POSITION The Neo-Orthodox Theology of the Young John Rawls Eric Gregory ABSTRACT This paper examines a remarkable document that has escaped critical at- tention within the vast literature on John Rawls, religion, and liberalism: Rawls’s undergraduate thesis, “A Brief Inquiry into the Meaning of Sin and Faith: An Interpretation Based on the Concept of Community” (1942). The thesis shows the extent to which a once regnant version of Protestant the- ology has retreated into seminaries and divinity schools where it now also meets resistance. Ironically, the young Rawls rejected social contract liber- alism for reasons that anticipate many of the claims later made against him by secular and religious critics. The thesis and Rawls’s late unpublished remarks on religion and World War II offer a new dimension to his intellec- tual biography. They show the significance of his humanist response to the moral impossibility of political theology. Moreover, they also reveal a kind of Rawlsian piety marginalized by contemporary debates over religion and liberalism. KEY WORDS: John Rawls, community, liberalism, religion, political theology, public reason PROTESTANT THEOLOGIAN REINHOLD NIEBUHR DIED IN 1971. In that same year, philosopher John Rawls published his groundbreaking work, A The- ory of Justice. These two events symbolically express transformations in American intellectual and political culture that remain significant today. In the academy, religious defenders of a liberal consensus had been chal- lenged by ascendant secular liberalisms and emergent religious voices critical of liberalism of any kind. Parallel developments in the political culture had begun to see the fracturing of coalitions that transcended di- verse religious and secular commitments in order to support democratic institutions and practices. -
The Isaiah Berlin Papers (PDF)
Catalogue of the papers of Sir Isaiah Berlin, 1897-1998, with some family papers, 1903-1972 This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on 2019-10-14 Finding aid written in English Bodleian Libraries Weston Library Broad Street Oxford, , OX1 3BG [email protected] https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/weston Catalogue of the papers of Sir Isaiah Berlin, 1897-1998, with some family papers, 1903-1972 Table Of Contents Summary Information .............................................................................................................................. 4 Language of Materials ......................................................................................................................... 4 Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Biographical / Historical ..................................................................................................................... 4 Scope and Contents ............................................................................................................................. 5 Arrangement ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Custodial History ................................................................................................................................. 5 Immediate Source of Acquisition ....................................................................................................... -
The Identity of Jesus of Nazareth*
Criswell Theological Review 6.1 (1992) 91-130. Copyright © 1992 by The Criswell College. Cited with permission. THE IDENTITY OF JESUS OF NAZARETH* CARL F. H. HENRY Lecturer at Large Prison Fellowship Ministries Nowhere is the tension between historically repeatable acts and a once-for-all event focused more dramatically than in the conflict over the identity of Jesus of Nazareth. Shall we explain him as the ideal model of mankind and expound divine incarnation by philosophical analysis of what is humanly possible, or shall we depict him rather in terms of the christologically unparalleled? The Gospels provide our only significant information about Jesus' life and work. Skeptical critics thrust upon these sources tests of reliabil- ity that they do not impose upon other historical writing. If universally applied, those same criteria would in principle invalidate ancient Greek and Roman accounts that secular historians routinely accept as factual.1 Efforts to destroy the credibility of gospels often betray a bias against the supernatural. Gerald G. O'Collins recalls "the official Soviet thesis (which appears recently to have been abandoned) that Jesus never existed and was a purely mythological figure.”2 Consistent Marx- ists would need to reject the theology-of-revolution view that the his- torical figure of Jesus nurtures its liberationist challenge to an alienated world. The assumptions of evolutionary naturalism likewise lead to a rejection of Jesus as in any way normative and decisive for human destiny. * This essay represents the two lectures read at the Criswell Lecture Series, Criswell College, January 1991. 1 Cf. A N. Sherwin-White, Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testa- ment, (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1963). -
24 Political Ideology Barometer
Setting New AS gtuidae nto bdesat prracdticse in monitoring and evaluation International Office UK Liberal Democrats 2 Copyright © 2015 Liberal Democrats International Office All Rights Reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the editor. International Office UK Liberal Democrats 8-10 Great George Street London SW1P 3AE United Kingdom [email protected] http://www.libdems.org.uk/international @LibDemInternat LibDemInternat 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword - Iain Gill p. 4 Head of International Office - UK Liberal Democrats Theory of Change p. 5 From Innovation to Integrated Projects p. 6 Outline of PMEL Processes p. 7 Partner Identification Checklist p. 9 Needs Assessment: Guidance and Checklist p. 11 Political Ideology Barometer p. 13 Appendixes p. 18 4 FOREWORD Iain Gill Head of International Office The Liberal Demo- Council specifically designed to support the rights of crats International LGBT people and to promote a strong human rights Office works with the agenda within the party. Meanwhile in South Africa, Westminster Foun- we have worked closely with the Democratic Alliance dation for Democ- through their Young Leaders Programme, an initiative racy (WFD) to un- to create a pool of young politicians with the skills to dertake democracy lead their country in the future. Evaluations carried out development work by both DfID and the FCO have consistently praised with our sister-par- the work of the Liberal Democrats overseas as the ties around the most effective and impactful projects across the West- world, primarily with minster Foundation for Democracy. -
Protestant Experience and Continuity of Political Thought in Early America, 1630-1789
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School July 2020 Protestant Experience and Continuity of Political Thought in Early America, 1630-1789 Stephen Michael Wolfe Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Political History Commons, Political Theory Commons, Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Wolfe, Stephen Michael, "Protestant Experience and Continuity of Political Thought in Early America, 1630-1789" (2020). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 5344. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/5344 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. PROTESTANT EXPERIENCE AND CONTINUITY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT IN EARLY AMERICA, 1630-1789 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Political Science by Stephen Michael Wolfe B.S., United States Military Academy (West Point), 2008 M.A., Louisiana State University, 2016, 2018 August 2020 Acknowledgements I owe my interest in politics to my father, who over the years, beginning when I was young, talked with me for countless hours about American politics, usually while driving to one of our outdoor adventures. He has relentlessly inspired, encouraged, and supported me in my various endeavors, from attending West Point to completing graduate school. -
German Protestant Theology Edited by Jon Stewart, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Now available from Ashgate Publishing… Volume 10, Tome I: Kierkegaard’s Influence on Theology – German Protestant Theology Edited by Jon Stewart, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Kierkegaard Research: Sources, Reception and Resources Tome I is dedicated to the reception of Kierkegaard among German Contents: Preface; Karl Barth: the dialectic of attraction and Protestant theologians and religious thinkers. The writings of some repulsion, Lee C. Barrett; Dietrich Bonhoeffer: standing ‘in the of these figures turned out to be instrumental for Kierkegaard’s tradition of Paul, Luther, Kierkegaard, in the tradition of genuine breakthrough internationally shortly after the turn of the twentieth Christian thinking’, Christiane Tietz; Emil Brunner: polemically century. Leading figures of the movement of “dialectical promoting Kierkegaard’s Christian philosophy of encounter, theology” such as Karl Barth, Emil Brunner, Paul Tillich and Rudolf Curtis L. Thompson; Rudolf Bultmann: faith, love and self- Bultmann spawned a steadily growing awareness of and interest understanding, Heiko Schulz; Gerhard Ebeling: appreciation and in Kierkegaard’s thought among generations of German theology critical appropriation of Kierkegaard, Derek R. Nelson; Emanuel students. Emanuel Hirsch was greatly influenced by Kierkegaard Hirsch: a Germanic dialogue with ‘Saint Søren’, Matthias Wilke; and proved instrumental in disseminating his thought by producing Jurgen Moltmann: taking a moment for Trinitarian eschatology, the first complete German edition of Kierkegaard’s published works. Curtis L. Thompson; Franz Overbeck: Kierkegaard and the decay Both Barth and Hirsch established unique ways of reading and of Christianity, David R. Law; Wolfhart Pannenberg: Kierkegaard’s appropriating Kierkegaard, which to a certain degree determined the anthropology tantalizing public theology’s reasoning hope, direction and course of Kierkegaard studies right up to our own times. -
Print the Andorra Manifesto
Andorra Liberal Manifesto 2017 The Liberal Manifesto, adopted by the Congress of Liberal International on 18-21 May 2017 in Andorra after a launching conference in Oxford in 2015, meetings of the Drafting Committee in Berlin, Taipei, New York and Marrakesh in 2016, two rounds of addenda and corrections by national liberal parties in the first quarter of 2017, discussions at a final conference in Oxford on 10 April 2017, a subsequent review and editing by John Lord Alderdice, and a final review by LI-President Juli Minoves Contents: Preamble A Our Vision: Human Progress in a Free World B Our Challenge: New Rising Threats to Freedom C Our Response: Opportunities for Everyone, Progress for All In 1947 a group of Liberals from around the world published the Oxford Manifesto, the first international declaration of liberal principles. They did so in response to the horrors of World War II with its unprecedented physical destruction, millions of people killed, and the horrifying dehumanization represented by the Holocaust in particular. After the victory over Nazism and Fascism and in face of Communist authoritarianism, Liberals were determined to reassert human rights and values, and the Oxford Manifesto was to become a predecessor of another monumental document, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights agreed by the United Nations in December 1948. In the free world, these liberal principles paved the way for peace, the rule of law, human rights and prosperity for many people in the following decades. Individual rights were defined and developed; -
Comments on the Document by Emil Brunner, the Ethical Reality
Comments on the document by Emil Brunner 4 ^ 1 on THE ETHICAL REALITY AND FUNCTION OF THE CHURCH by 3 GG Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy Professor of Social Philosophy Dartmouth College, Hanover, Vermont Author of ’’Out of Revolution - Autobiography of Western Man” Dear Mr, Bennett: You have been quite patient with me, treating me as a collaborator despite mj long silence. It was not that I had not many things on my mind when I read your reports. However, it did not seem advisable to interfere with a discussion on set lines, on a few pages. For my missionary field takes me to strange heathen territory, and forces me to translate more radically than most of our collaborators deem desirable. After reading my friend Brunner’s paper, however, I have a ray of hope that my faith may venture forward, too. My old friend with whom I served under Dr, Oldham on the Committee on Secularism, a decade ago, offers such a fine target, I think that he states two great truths admirably well: 1, That the world waits for the twelve apostles again, and that this time it is not only declericalized but frankly dechristianized. 2* That labor and marriage would still be mysteries of creation and would have to be explored if the world were perfect, whereas the State does belong to the realm of fallen nature only. Since we agree on that, we are, so to speak, all locked up in one room; and we cannot leave before having agreed on the question: What is Church, Christianity, Redemption? Yfhen we or others should go out into the world, some agreement will have to exist over these terms. -
HARTMUT POGGE VON STRANDMANN the Role of British and German Historians in Mobilizing Public Opinion in 1914
HARTMUT POGGE VON STRANDMANN The Role of British and German Historians in Mobilizing Public Opinion in 1914 in BENEDIKT STUCHTEY AND PETER WENDE (eds.), British and German Historiography 1750-1950. Traditions, Perceptions and Transfers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000) pp. 335–371 ISBN: 978 0 19 920235 5 The following PDF is published under a Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND licence. Anyone may freely read, download, distribute, and make the work available to the public in printed or electronic form provided that appropriate credit is given. However, no commercial use is allowed and the work may not be altered or transformed, or serve as the basis for a derivative work. The publication rights for this volume have formally reverted from Oxford University Press to the German Historical Institute London. All reasonable effort has been made to contact any further copyright holders in this volume. Any objections to this material being published online under open access should be addressed to the German Historical Institute London. DOI: The Role of British and German Historians in Mobilizing Public Opinion in 1914 HARTMUT POGGE VON STRANDMANN State and nation were the prime subjects of most modern historians in both Germany and Britain before the First World War. Whatever their political outlook historians tended to look upon themselves as high priests of a school of thought through which they were able to demonstrate to the political establishment and its leaders how much their polit- ical actions were embedded in some sort of positive histori- cal continuity. There was a tendency amongst British and German historians to emphasize in their history-writing the special character and uniqueness of their own particular state and its political culture. -
The Relation of the Doctrine of the Word of God to the Doctrine of the Imago Dei
SUBJECT OP THESIS t The Relation of the Doctrine of the Word of God to the Doctrine of the Imago Dei- A Study in the Theology of Professor Karl Earth - by - IVOR FRANCIS MORRIS, New College,, Edinburgh* This thesis was submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Divinity, Edinburgh University, in September of the year 1941* xsus TABLE 0 P CONTENTS . Page 1. introduction, (pp. 1-4). 2. PART ! THE DOCTRINAL IMPLICATIONS OP THE ANALOGIA ENTIS (pp. 5*£7). Chapter 1. An introductory consideration of the Analogia Entis ... Chapter 2* A modern dialectic Presentation of the Analogia Entis ... 10 Chapter 3. The syncretistic Argument 13 Chapter 4. A critical View of the Analogia Entis, in the light of the Imago Dei 18 3. PART 2. THEOCENTRICISM IN THEOLOGY (pp. 28-43). Chapter 1. Introduction ... 28 Chapter 2. Wobbermin's religio-psychological Circle and his Divergence from the theology of Barth ... 31 Chapter 3. Schaeder'3 Doctrine of Faith- Mysticism ... 37 Chapter 4. A Criticism of Theocenticism 41 4. PART 3. THE PROBLEM OP THE POINT OP CONTACT (pp.49-73). A Study in the theological Cleavage between Karl Barth and Emil Brunner. Chapter 1. Summary and Transition to Brunner's Standpoint ... 49 Chapter 2. The Doctrine of the negative point of Contact ... 52 Chapter 3. Brunner's natural Theology 56 Chapter 4. Brunner's Criticism of Barth 64 Chapter 5. A Criticism of Brunner's natural Theology ... 67 5. PART 4, THE THEOLOGICAL AND BIBLICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE IMAGO DEI (pp. -
Karl Barth and Moral Natural Law: the Anatomy of Debate;Note Louis C
Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Natural Law Forum 1-1-1968 Karl Barth and Moral Natural Law: The Anatomy of Debate;Note Louis C. Midgley Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/nd_naturallaw_forum Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Midgley, Louis C., "Karl Barth and Moral Natural Law: The Anatomy of Debate;Note" (1968). Natural Law Forum. Paper 140. http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/nd_naturallaw_forum/140 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Natural Law Forum by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTES KARL BARTH AND MORAL NATURAL LAW: THE ANATOMY OF A DEBATE Currently the most emphatic rejection of natural law ethical systems comes from Karl Barth, the Swiss neoorthodox theologian. He has always viewed moral natural law as (1) an example of a false natural theology, (2) a dangerous reliance on human reason, and (3) the unwarranted employment of a merely human philosophy in place of the revealed Word of God. He rejects all of these as tools in the formulation of Christian theology and social ethics. Where Cath- olics and, with qualifications, some Protestants believe that it is still possible for sinful man to reach God by the use of 'his human reason and therefore also possible to read the "natural" order of God in the "created" institutions surround- ing him, Barth has held that it is impossible to do either because God is hidden from man by the Fall; all of creation is infected by malice, and human under- standing is clouded by sin - there is really nothing left of the original creation. -
Current Theology
CURRENT THEOLOGY PROTESTANT THEOLOGICAL POSITIONS TODAY The meeting of Catholic and Protestant thought always manifests the completely different approaches toward Christianity orientating Catholic and Protestant thinking. Both parties know the same facts and both show the same dedication to Christianity but it means fundamentally different things to the two groups. At the bottom of the diversity lie different con ceptions of Christian truth. Protestantism has never been able to make up its mind on what truth is. For some Protestants it is something that was. For others it is something that will be. For the Catholic it is simply some thing that is. Protestantism has always stressed the flux in reality and Catholicism has always stressed the permanent. From the days of Luther onwards, the Protestant preoccupation is with the reformation of Christi anity either by looking back or by looking forward, and this is essentially the production of a church. For the Catholics the anxiety is the vital con formation of Christian life according to Christ's abiding and unchanging truth presented by the actual Church of today, and this means the con servation of the Church. I Filled with the Protestant preoccupation, an important book has just appeared under the title, Responsible Christianity.1 The author is Justin Wroe Nixon, of the Colgate-Rochester Divinity School. As a thinker he shows comprehension, sincerity and penetration. As a man he manifests a gentle love for all men and an ardent desire to have mankind enjoy the best there is. He will have no foes; he wants only friends. His book is a kindly but urgent protest against the present mind which he calls naturalism in accord with the label which the representatives of this kind of thinking have chosen for themselves; others would call it the new materialism, the new paganism, secularism, scientism, or simply positivism.