DOCSLIB.ORG

O'brien, Nancy, Status Report on Speech Research

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
O'brien, Nancy, Status Report on Speech Research DOCUMENT RESUME ED 266 508 CS 505 201 AUTHOR Studdert-Kennedy, Michael, Ed.; O'Brien, Nancy, Ed. TITLE Status Report on Speech Research: A Report on the Status and Progress of StudieE on the Nature of Speech, Instrumentation for Its Investigation, and Practical Applications, April 1-September 30, 1985. INSTITUTION Haskins Labs., New Haven, Conn. SPONS AGENCY National Institutes of Health (DBMS), Bethesda, Md.; National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.; Office of Naval Research, Washington, D.0 REPORT NO SR-82/83(1985) PUB DATE 85 CONTRACT NICHHD-N01-HD-5-2910; ONR-N00014-83-K-0083 GRANT NICHHD-HD-01994; NICHHD-HD-16591; NIHBRS-RR-05596; NIMCDS-NS-13617; NINCDS-NS-13870; NINCDS-NS-18010; NSF-BNS-8111470 NOTE 289p. AVAILA3LE FROMU.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22151. PUB TYPE Reports - Research/Technical (143) -- Information Analyses (070) -- Collected Works - General (020) EDRS PRICE MFO1 /PC12 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Articulation (Speech); Cognitive Processes; *Communication Research; Language Acquisition; *Language Research; Linguistic Theory; *Morphology (Languages); Orthographic Symbols; Perceptual Development; Perceptual Motor Coordination; Phonemes; *Speech Communication; Spelling ABSTRACT One of a regular series on the statu. and progress of research into the nature of speech, instrumentation for its investigation, and practical applications, this report consists of 17 papers dealing with the following topics: (1) vagueness and fictions as cornerstones of a theory of perceiving and acting - -a commentary on D.O. Walter; (2) the informational support for upright stance; (3) determining the extent of coarticulation-- effects of experimental design; (4) the roles of phoneme frequency, siLaarity, and availability in the experimental elicitation of speecherrors; (5) on learning to speak; (6) the motor theory of speech perception revised; (7) linguistic and acoustic correlates of the perceptualstructure found in an individual differences scaling study of vowels; (8) perceptual coherence of speech -- stability of silence-cued stop consonants; (9) development of the speech perceptumotor system; (10) dependence of reading on orthography -- investigations in Serbo-Croatian; (11) the relationship between knowledge of derivational morphology and spelling ability in fourth, sixth,and eighth graders; (12) relations among regular and irregular, morphologically related words in the lexiconas revealed by repetition priming: (.3) grammatical priming of inflectednouns by the gender of post Nave adjectives; (14) grammatical priming of inflected nouns bt inflected adjectives; (15) deaf signers and serial recall in the visual modality--memory for signs, fingerspelling, and print; (16) did orthographies evolve? and (17) the developmentof children's sensitivity tofactors influencing vowel reading.(HOD) SR-82/83 (1985) Status Report on SPEECH RESEARCH A Report on the Status and Rix:ogress of Studies on the Nature of Speech, Instrumentation for Its Investigation, and Practical Applications 1 April 30 September 1985 Haskins Laboratories 270 Crown Street New Haven, Conn. 06511 DISTRIBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNLIMITED (The information in this document is available to the general public. Haskins Laboratories distributes it primarily for library use. Copies are available from the NationalTechnical Information Service or the ERIC Document Reproduction Service. See the Appendix for order numbers of previous Status Reports.) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ....)UCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ThisT document has been reproduced as received from the parson or organization originating it ' i Minor changes have been made to 'nprove roproduchnn qua'try Points e ew or opintons stated o Mit docu 2 merit do not moor manly represem official NIE position or Po.- y Michael Studdert-Kennedy, Editor-in-Chief Nancy O'Brien, Editor Gail Reynolds, Technical Coordinator SR-82/83 (1985) April-September ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research reported here was made possible in part by support from the followir.g sources: National Institute of Child and Health and Human Development Grant HD-01994 Grant HD -1659 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Contract NO1 -HD-) -2910 National Institutes of Health Biomedical Research Support Grant RR-05596 National Science Foundation Grant BNS-8111470 National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke Grant NS 13870 Grant NS 13617 Grant NS 18010 Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-83-K-008.1 '1 iii S12-82/83 (1985) (April-September) HASKINS LABORATORIES PERSONNEL IN SPEECH RESEARCH Investigators Arthur S. Abramson* Louis Goldstein* Richard McGowan Peter J. Alfonso* Vicki L. Hanson Kevin G. Munhall+++ Thomas Baer Katherine S. Harris* Susan Nittrouer++ Patrice S. Beddor+ Sarah Hav kins++ Patrick W. Nye Fredericka Bell-Berti* Satoshi Horiguchil Lawrence J. Raphael* Ca :herine Best* Leonard Katz* Bruno H. Repp Geoffrey Bingham+ J. A. Scott Kelso Philip E. Rubin Gloria J. Borden* Gary Kidd+ Elliot Saltzman Susan Brady* Ascher Laufer2 Donald Shankweilerk Catherine P. Browman Andrea G. Levitt* Mary Smith Franklin S. Cooper* Alvin M. Liberman* Michael Studdert-Kennedy* Stephen Crain* Labelle Y. Liberman*Betty Tuller* Robert Crowder* Leigh Lisker* Michael T. Turvey* Laurie B. Feldman* Virginia Mann* Ben C. Watson++ Anne Fow:er+ Ignatius G. Mattingly*Douglas H. Whaler. Carol A. Fowler* Nancy S. McGarr* Technical/Support Michael An ste ti Raymond C. Huey* Nancy O'Brien Philip Chagnon Sabina D. Koroluk Gail K. Reynolds Alice Dadourian Bruce Martin William P. Scully Vincent Gulisano Frank Merewether Richard S. Sharkany Donald Hailey Betty J. Myers Edward R. Wiley Students* Joy Armson Carole E. Gelfer Lawrence D. Rosenblum Dragana Barac Bruce Kay Arlyne Russo Sara Basson Noriko Kobayashi Richard C. Schmidt Eric Bateson Rena A. Krakow John Scholz Suzanne Boyce Deborah Kuglitsch Robin Seider Teresa Clifford Hwei-Bing Lin Suzanne Smith Andre Cooper Katrina Lukatela Katyanee Svastikula Margaret Dunn Harriet Magen David Williams Jan Edwards Sharon Manuel Jo Estill Jerry McRoberts *Part-time 1Visiting from University of Tokyo, Japan 2The Hebrew University of Jerusalem +NIH Research Fellow ++NRSA Training Fellow +++Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Fellow Status Report on Speech Research Haskins Laboratories 6 SR-82/83 (1985) (April-September) CONTENTS ON VAGUFNESS AND FICTIONS AS CORNERSTONES OF A THEORY OF PERCEIVING AND ACTING: A COMMENT ON WALTER (1983) Claudia Care llo and M. T. Turvey 1-14 THE INFORMATIONAL SUPPORT FOR UPRIGHT STANCE Claudia Carello, M. T. Turvey, and Peter N. Kugler 15-18 DETERMINING ME EXTENT OF COARTICULATION: EFFECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Carole E. Gelfer, Frederid(a Bell-Berti, and Katherine S. Harris 19-31 THE ROLES OF PHONEME FREQUENCY, SIMILARITY, AND AVAILABILITY IN THE EXPERIMENTAL ELICITATION OF SPEECH ERRORS Andrea G. Levitt and Alice F. Healy 33-52 ON LEARNING TO SPEAK Michael Studdert-Kennedy 53-61 THE MOTOR THEORY OF SPEECH PERCEPTION REVISED Alvin M. Liberman and Ignatius G. Mattingly 63-93 LINGUISTIC AND ACOUSTIC CORRELATES OF THE PERCEPTUAL STRUCTURE FOUND IN AN INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES SCALING STUDY OF VOWELS Brad Rakerd and Robert R. Verbrugge 95-107 PERCEPTUAL COHERENCE OF SPEECH: STABILITY OF SILENCE-CUED STOP CONSONANTS Bruno H. Repp 109-130 DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPEECH PERCEPTUOMOTOR SYSTEM Michael Studdert-Kennedy 131-140 DEPENDENCE OF READING ON ORTHOGRAPHY: INVESTIGATIONS IN SERBO-CROATIAN Claudia Care llo and M. T. Turvey 141-150 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE OF DERIVATIONAL MORPHOLOGY AND SPELLING ABILITY IN FOURTH, SIXTH, AND EIGHTH GRADERS Joanne F. Carlisle 151-174 RELATIONS AMONG REGULAR AND IRREGULAR, MORPHOLOGICALLY-RELATED WORDS IN THE LEXICON AS REVEALED BY REPETITION PRIMING Carol A. Fowler, Shirley E. Napps, and Laurie B. Feldman 175-203 vii i SR-82/83 (1985) (April- Sep tember) GRAMMATICAL PRIMING OF INFLECTED NOUNS BY THE GENDER OF POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES M. Gurjanov, G. Lukatela, Katerina Lukatela, M. Savi, and M. T. Turvey 205-219 GRAMMATICAL PRIMING OF INFLECTED NOUNS BY INFLECTED ADJECTIVES M. Gurjanov, G. Lukatela, Jasmina Moskovljevie, M. Savi6, and M. T. Turvey 221-234 DEAF SIGNERS AND SERIAL RECALL IN THE VISUAL MODALITY: MEMORY FOR SIGNS, FINGERSPELLING, AND PRINT Rena Arens Krakow and Vick; L. Hanson 235-249 DID ORTHOGRAPHIES EVOLVE? Ignatius G. Mattingly 251-260 THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN'S SENSITIVITY TO FACTORS INFLUENCING VOWEL READING Danielle R. Zinna, Isabelle Y. Liberman, and Donald Shankweiler 261-280 PUBLICATIONS 283-285 APPENDIX: DTIC and ERIC numbers 287-288 (SR-21/22 - SR-82/83) S viii ON VAGUENESS AND FICTIONS AS CORNERSTONES OF A THEORY OF PERCEIVING AND ACT- ING:A COMMENT ON WALTER (1983)* Claudia Carellot and M. T. Turveytt "I don't want realiLm. I want magic!" Blanche DuBois, Scene 9, A Streetcar Named Desire Vagueness or unclarity of thought isconsidered by Walter (1983) as a worthy and necessary state of (human) mind for modeling. He appeals to quan- tum mechanics (and, in particular,non-pure states) as, perhaps,the only fruitful model by which to understand such phenomena. The analogy takes the following form: The clarity that indeterminant ideas derive from rumination anddiscussion parallelsthe reduction of uncertainty ina parameter ofa submicroscopic system that accompanies its quantum measurement. Walter sug- geststhat with an allowance for quantum-like brain states,brains
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Conductor Model of Online Speech Modulation
    The Conductor Model of Online Speech Modulation Fred Cummins Department of Computer Science, University College Dublin [email protected] Abstract. Two observations about prosodic modulation are made. Firstly, many prosodic parameters co-vary when speaking style is altered, and a similar set of variables are affected in particular dysarthrias. Second, there is a need to span the gap between the phenomenologically sim- ple space of intentional speech control and the much higher dimensional space of manifest effects. A novel model of speech production, the Con- ductor, is proposed which posits a functional subsystem in speech pro- duction responsible for the sequencing and modulation of relatively in- variant elements. The ways in which the Conductor can modulate these elements are limited, as its domain of variation is hypothesized to be a relatively low-dimensional space. Some known functions of the cortico- striatal circuits are reviewed and are found to be likely candidates for implementation of the Conductor, suggesting that the model may be well grounded in plausible neurophysiology. Other speech production models which consider the role of the basal ganglia are considered, leading to some observations about the inextricable linkage of linguistic and motor elements in speech as actually produced. 1 The Co-Modulation of Some Prosodic Variables It is a remarkable fact that speakers appear to be able to change many aspects of their speech collectively, and others not at all. I focus here on those prosodic variables which are collectively affected by intentional changes to speaking style, and argue that they are governed by a single modulatory process, the ‘Con- ductor’.
    [Show full text]
  • The Routledge Handbook of Embodied Cognition
    THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF EMBODIED COGNITION Embodied cognition is one of the foremost areas of study and research in philosophy of mind, philosophy of psychology and cognitive science. The Routledge Handbook of Embodied Cognition is an outstanding guide and reference source to the key philosophers, topics and debates in this exciting subject and essential reading for any student and scholar of philosophy of mind and cognitive science. Comprising over thirty chapters by a team of international contributors, the Handbook is divided into six parts: Historical underpinnings Perspectives on embodied cognition Applied embodied cognition: perception, language, and reasoning Applied embodied cognition: social and moral cognition and emotion Applied embodied cognition: memory, attention, and group cognition Meta-topics. The early chapters of the Handbook cover empirical and philosophical foundations of embodied cognition, focusing on Gibsonian and phenomenological approaches. Subsequent chapters cover additional, important themes common to work in embodied cognition, including embedded, extended and enactive cognition as well as chapters on embodied cognition and empirical research in perception, language, reasoning, social and moral cognition, emotion, consciousness, memory, and learning and development. Lawrence Shapiro is a professor in the Department of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin – Madison, USA. He has authored many articles spanning the range of philosophy of psychology. His most recent book, Embodied Cognition (Routledge, 2011), won the American Philosophical Association’s Joseph B. Gittler award in 2013. Routledge Handbooks in Philosophy Routledge Handbooks in Philosophy are state-of-the-art surveys of emerging, newly refreshed, and important fields in philosophy, providing accessible yet thorough assessments of key problems, themes, thinkers, and recent developments in research.
    [Show full text]
  • Radical Embodied Cognitive Science Anthony Chemero
    Radical Embodied Cognitive Science Anthony Chemero Radical Embodied Cognitive Science Radical Embodied Cognitive Science Anthony Chemero A Bradford Book The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England ( 2009 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any elec- tronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email [email protected] or write to Special Sales Department, The MIT Press, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142. This book was set in Stone Serif and Stone Sans on 3B2 by Asco Typesetters, Hong Kong, and was printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chemero, Anthony, 1969–. Radical embodied cognitive science / Anthony Chemero. p. cm.—(A Bradford Book) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-01322-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Perception—Research. 2. Cognitive science. I. Title. BF311.B514 2009 153—dc22 2009001697 10987654321 For the crowd at Sweet William’s Pub Contents Preface: In Praise of Dr. Fodor ix Acknowledgments xiii I Stage Setting 1 1 Hegel, Behe, Chomsky, Fodor 3 2 Embodied Cognition and Radical Embodied Cognition 17 II Representation and Dynamics 45 3 Theories of Representation 47 4 The Dynamical Stance 67 5 Guides to Discovery 85 III Ecological Psychology 103 6 Information and Direct Perception 105 7 Affordances, etc. 135 IV Philosophical Consequences 163 8 Neurophilosophy Meets Radical Embodied Cognitive Science 165 9 The Metaphysics of Radical Embodiment 183 10 Coda 207 Notes 209 References 221 Index 245 Preface: In Praise of Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Carol A. Fowler's Perspective on Language by Eye
    Ecological Psychology ISSN: 1040-7413 (Print) 1532-6969 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/heco20 Carol A. Fowler's Perspective on Language by Eye Donald Shankweiler To cite this article: Donald Shankweiler (2016) Carol A. Fowler's Perspective on Language by Eye, Ecological Psychology, 28:3, 130-137, DOI: 10.1080/10407413.2016.1195182 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2016.1195182 Published online: 02 Aug 2016. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 133 View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=heco20 ECOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016, VOL. 28, NO. 3, 130–137 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10407413.2016.1195182 Carol A. Fowler’s Perspective on Language by Eye 1931 Donald Shankweilera,b aDepartment of Psychology, University of Connecticut; bHaskins Laboratories ABSTRACT This article considers highlights of Carol Fowler’s development as a scientist against the background of major developments in the fields of ecological psychology, speech research, and the psychology of language. Beginning from her graduate student years, the focus is on those aspects of Fowler’s research that pertain most directly to the relations between speech and reading. Graduate studies in the psychology of perception and language Carol Fowler, who as an undergraduate had begun the study of psychology and language at Brown University, moved to the University of Connecticut for graduate work arriving in 1971. She says she chose the University of Connecticut because while at Brown, at the suggestion of oneofherprofessors,shehadreadandadmiredanarticle,“Perception of the Speech Code” (A.M.Libermanetal.,1967), by University of Connecticut Professor Alvin M.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthony Chemero
    III Ecological Psychology The rules that govern behavior are not like laws enforced by an authority or decisions made by a commander: behavior is regular without being regulated. The question is how this can be. —James J. Gibson, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception (1979) 6 Information and Direct Perception The purpose of this chapter and the next is to describe Gibsonian ecologi- cal psychology and to show that it can serve as an appropriate theoretical backdrop for radical embodied cognitive science. It hardly makes sense to do so other than in the context of the theoretical work of Michael Turvey, Robert Shaw, and William Mace. Since the 1970s, Turvey, Shaw, and Mace have worked on the formulation of a philosophically sound and empiri- cally tractable version of James Gibson’s ecological psychology. It is surely no exaggeration to say that without their theoretical work ecological psy- chology would have died on the vine because of high-profile attacks from establishment cognitive scientists (e.g., Fodor and Pylyshyn 1981). But thanks to Turvey, Shaw, and Mace’s work as theorists and, perhaps more important, as teachers, ecological psychology is currently flourishing. A generation of students, having been trained by Turvey, Shaw, and Mace at Trinity College and/or the University of Connecticut, are now distin- guished experimental psychologists who train their own students in Turvey-Shaw-Mace ecological psychology. Despite the undeniable and last- ing importance of Turvey, Shaw, and Mace’s theoretical contributions for psychology and the other cognitive sciences, their work has not received much attention from philosophers.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael Turvey Pioneering Work in Ecological Phycology
    Michael Turvey pioneering work in ecological phycology Michael T. Turvey is the Board of Trustees' Distinguished Professor of Experimental Psychology at the University of Connecticut and a Senior Scientist at Haskins Laboratories in New Haven, Connecticut. He is best known for his pioneering work in ecological psychology and in applying dynamic systems approach for the study of motor behavior. He is the founder of the Center for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action. His research spans a number of areas including: dynamic touch and haptics, interlimb coordination, visual perception and optic flow, postural stability, visual word recognition and speech perception. Along with William Mace and Robert Shaw, he has been one of the leading explicators of the ecological psychology of J. J. Gibson. His pioneering work with J. A. Scott Kelsoand Peter N. Kugler introduced the physical language of complex systems to the understanding of perception and action. He also helped to introduce the ideas of Russian motor control theorist, Nikolai Bernstein, and his colleagues to a larger audience. Working with Georgije Lukatela and others at Haskins Laboratories, he exploited the dual nature of the Serbo-Croatianorthography to help understand word recognition. Turvey is also the winner of the IgNobel Prize in Physics along with Prof. Ramesh Balasubramaniam of Cognitive & Information Sciences at the University of California, Merced or exploring and explaining the dynamics of hula-hooping. (Reference: "Coordination Modes in the Multisegmental Dynamics of Hula Hooping," Ramesh Balasubramaniam and Michael T. Turvey, Biological Cybernetics, vol. 90, no. 3, March 2004, pp. 176–90.) • Cognitive science • Embodied cognitive science 1 • Experimental psychology • Haptic perception • Ecological psychology • Dynamic systems • Haskins Laboratories • Perception • Psychology • University of Connecticut • Center for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action • Haskins Laboratories • Turvey page at Uconn • University of Connecticut Psychology MICHAEL T.
    [Show full text]
  • Ed 366 020 Author Title
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 366 020 CS 508 427 AUTHOR Fowler, Carol A., Ed. TITLE Spee:11 Research Status Report, January-March 1993. INSTITUTION Haskins Labs., New Haven, Conn. -REPORT NO SR-113 PUB DATE 93 NOTE 214p.; For the previous report, see ED 359 575. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) Reports Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Adults; *Articulation (Speech); *Beginning Reading; Chinese; Communication Research; Elementary Secondary Education; French; Higher Education; Infants; Language Acquisition; Language Research; Music; Reading Writing Relationship; *Speech Communication; Spelling; Thai IDENTIFIERS Speech Research ABSTRACT One of a series of quarterly reports, this publication contains 14 articles which report the status and progress of studies on the nature of speech, instruments for its investigation, and practical applications. Articles in the publication are: "Some Assumptions about Speech and How They Changed" (Alvin M. Liberman); "On the Intonation of Sinusoidal Sentences: Contour and Pitch Height" (Robert E. Remez and Philip E. Rubin); "The Acquisition of Prosody: Evidence from French- and English-Learning Infants" (Andrea G. Levitt); "Dynamics and Articulatory Phonology" (Catherine P. Browman and Louis Goldstein); "Some Organizational Characteristics of Speech Movement Control" (Vincent L. Gracco); "The Quasi-Steady Approximation in Speech Production" (Richard S. McGowan); "Implementing a Genetic Algorithm to Recover Task-Dynamic Parameters of an Articulatory Speech Synthesizer" (Richard S. McGowan); "An MRI-Based Study of Pharyngeal Volume Contrasts in Akan" (Mark K. Tiede); "Thai" (M. R. Kalaya Tingsabadh and Arthur S. Abramson); "On the Relations between Learning to Spell and Learning to Read" (Donald Shankweiler and Eric Lundquist); "Word Superiority in Chinese" (Ignatious G.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae Richard C. Schmidt
    CURRICULUM VITAE RICHARD C. SCHMIDT Box 176A 50 Wood St. College of the Holy Cross Jefferson, MA 01522 1 College St. (508) 829-7388 Worcester, MA 01610 (508) 793-2244 [email protected] EDUCATION University of Connecticut B.A. Psychology 1982 University of Connecticut Ph.D. Experimental Psychology 1988 CESPA, University of Connecticut Post Doc Interlimb Coordination 1991 ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS College of the Holy Cross E. A. O'Rorke Professor in Liberal Arts 7/15 – present University Montpellier Associate Research Professor, EuroMov 9/15 – present College of the Holy Cross Professor 9/10 – present CESPA, University of Connecticut Research Fellow 8/91 – present College of the Holy Cross Psychology Department Chair 1/06 – 6/08 College of the Holy Cross Associate Professor 9/99 – 8/10 College of the Holy Cross Assistant Professor 9/95 – 9/99 LSU Department of Kinesiology Adjunct Assistant Professor 3/94 – 7/95 Tulane University Assistant Professor 8/91 – 7/95 University of Connecticut Lecturer 9/88 – 12/89 RESEARCH INTERESTS Social Motor Coordination, Breakdown of Interpersonal Coordination in Autism and Schizophrenia, Time Series Analysis, Dynamical Theories of Coordination, Development of Coordinated Movements, Embodied and Embedded Theories of Meaning, Coordination of Speech and Gesture, Relationship of Movement Timing to Reading Skill COURSES TAUGHT Cognition and Memory; Statistics; Research Methods; Connected Bodies, Coupled Minds; Psychology of Music; Biology of Consciousness; Body, Emotion and Thought; Cognitive Neuroscience; Coordination of Movement EXTRAMURAL RESEARCH GRANTS 2013 – 2018 Principal Investigator. Modeling the Behavioral Dynamics of Social Action and Coordination. National Institutes of Health 1R01GM105045 ($1.45 million in collaboration with Mike Richardson at the Cincinnati University and Elliot Saltzman at Boston University).
    [Show full text]
  • A Story of Resonance Vicente Raja MA in Philosophy, Universidad De Murcia (Spain) MA in Philosophy, University of Cincinnati (USA)
    A Story of Resonance Vicente Raja MA in Philosophy, Universidad de Murcia (Spain) MA in Philosophy, University of Cincinnati (USA) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Chair: Prof. Anthony Chemero May 24th, 2018 Department of Philosophy McMicken College of Arts and Sciences University of Cincinnati Abstract I will tell you a story. A story that is also a theory. A story of embodied cognition that is as well a story of neuroscience. A story about perception, action, and other psychological events. A story about the role of the brain in these events. A story of resonance and an ecological cognitive architecture. Ecological psychology, I contend, must be complemented with a story about the role of the CNS in perception, action, and cognition. To arrive at such a story while staying true to the tenets of ecological psychology, it will be necessary to flesh out the central metaphor according to which organisms perceive their environment by resonating to information in energy patterns: what is needed is a theory of resonance. Here I offer the two main elements of such a theory: a framework (Anderson’s neural reuse) and a methodology based on behavioral and coordination dynamics. In doing so, I examine the significance of embodiment, the explanatory strategy of ecological psychology, the compatibility of different cognitive architectures and ecological psychology, and the plausibility of resonance both in biological and explanatory terms. Finally, I review some future directions for the research on resonance. 2 3 “Such then would be the scope of pragmatism—first, a method; and second, a genetic theory of what is meant by truth” W.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Psychologies As Philosophies of Perception
    Faculty of Arts Department of Philosophy Ecological Psychologies as Philosophies of Perception On Explaining how we Perceive what we can Do Dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy at the University of Antwerp to be defended by Jan Van Eemeren Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Erik Myin Antwerp, 2018 Faculteit Letteren en Wijsbegeerte Departement Wijsbegeerte Ecologische Psychologie als Filosofie van Waarnemen Over Verklaren hoe we Waarnemen wat we kunnen Doen Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van doctor in de wijsbegeerte aan de Universiteit Antwerpen te verdedigen door Jan Van Eemeren Promotor: Prof. Dr. Erik Myin Antwerpen, 2018 Voor Stef en Médard CONTENTS Introducing the Philosophy of Perception ........................................................1 1 Introducing Gibson’s Ecological Approach to Perception .........................9 1.1 INTRODUCING JAMES GIBSON ................................................................................... 9 1.2 INTRODUCING THE ENVIRONMENT........................................................................... 10 1.3 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION ................................................................................... 12 1.3.1 Ecological optics vs. the poverty of the stimulus argument .................. 12 1.3.2 Invariants of the ambient optic array .................................................... 16 1.3.3 Affordances ............................................................................................ 19 1.4 SO HOW DOES IT WORK? .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Motor Theory of Speech Perception Revised* Haskins Laboratories
    Cognition, 21 (1985) l-36 1 The motor theory of speech perception revised* ALVIN M. LIBERMAN Haskins Laboratories, Universityof Connecticut and Yale University IGNATIUS G. MATTINGLY Haskins Laboratories and University of Connecticut Abstract A motor theory of speech perception, initially proposed to account for results of early experiments with synthetic speech, is now extensively revised to accom- modate recent findings, and to relate the assumptions of the theory to those that might be made about other perceptual modes. According to the revised theory, phonetic information is perceived in a biologically distinct system, a ‘module’ specialized to detect the intended gestures of the speaker that are the basis for phonetic categories. Built into the structure of this module is the unique but lawful relationship between the gestures and the acoustic patterns in which they are variously overlapped. In consequence, the module causes perception of phonetic structure without translation from preliminary auditory impressions. Thus, it is comparable to such other modules as the one that enables an animal to localize sound. Peculiar to the phonetic module are the relation between perception and production it incorporates and the fact that it must compete with other modules for the same stimulus variations. Together with some of our colleagues, we have long been identified with a view of speech perception that is often referred to as a ‘motor theory’. Not the motor theory, to be sure, because there are other theories of perception that, like ours, assign an important role to movement or its sources. But the *The writing of this paper was supported by a grant to Haskins Laboratories (NIH-NICHD HD-01994).
    [Show full text]