DOCSLIB.ORG

CLASHING OVER FIGHTERS: WINNERS and LOSERS the Future Market for Combat Aircraft Is Likely to Be Dominated by the US, Russia, and a New Player – China

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
CLASHING OVER FIGHTERS: WINNERS and LOSERS the Future Market for Combat Aircraft Is Likely to Be Dominated by the US, Russia, and a New Player – China CSS Analysis in Security Policy CSS ETH Zurich No. 92 • April 2011 CLASHING OVER FIGHTERS: WINNERS AND LOSERS The future market for combat aircraft is likely to be dominated by the US, Russia, and a new player – China. These appear to be the only three countries capable of making the hugely demanding financial and technological leap from the fourth to the fifth generation of combat aircraft. While the competitive position of European players will probably be weakened in the longer term, China is catching up with US and Russian manufacturers. This will also create shifts in the balance of political and military power. Over the years, combat aircraft have be- come more and more expensive. The cur- rent unit price for modern types varies between US$40 and US$100 million. Pro- curement programmes, which often in- clude expensive contracts for armaments, training, spare parts, maintenance, service, and infrastructure, therefore account for the greatest share of arms expenditures in many countries and create huge burdens on defence budgets. In order to extend the service life of fighter jets after 15 to 20 years, costly upgrade packages are re- quired. The expensive and time-intensive procurement and maintenance of combat REUTERS/KYODO aircraft may influence defence policy and doctrine over decades. China gains ground: A prototype of the J-20 fifth-generation fighter. Chengdu, China, 5 January 2011. This influence is even stronger in the case It was no coincidence that the public pres- the already huge financial and develop- of proprietary development of combat entation of China’s fifth-generation fighter ment effort involved in developing combat aircraft. Even though aircraft industries prototype coincided with the visit of US aircraft, other countries are unlikely to keep are privately owned in certain states, Defense Secretary Robert Gates to Beijing pace with the main three powers involved. no military aircraft development pro- earlier this year. This makes China the third This will bring changes for the arms indus- gramme would be possible without the country after the US and Russia to reach try and the actors involved, not to mention financial and political support of the this development stage. In terms of tech- shifts in political and military power. respective government. The US began nology, the Chinese aerospace industry development of the second fighter of has not yet drawn level with Russian, let The high cost of added value a fifth-generation type, the Joint Strike alone the US competition, but it is rapidly Fighters are jet aircraft developed primarily Fighter (JSF) F-35, in the early 1990s. Deliv- gaining ground. for air-to-air or air-to-ground combat. They ery to the first squadrons is not expected are among the potentially most destabi- until the middle of this decade. The pro- The US F-22 is currently the only fully devel- lizing weapons platforms and are not only spective development and production oped and operational fifth-generation com- important defensive weapons, but also costs of US$382 billion for 2’443 units bat aircraft. However, the US will be joined permit fast, effective, and long-range at- and the expected unit sales price of more within the foreseeable future first by Rus- tacks. These capabilities can be greatly than US$100 million are also extraordi- sia and then by China. US manufacturers, enhanced by refuelling tankers, electronic nary. In view of this effort, it is doubtful in turn, are already testing a second type of warfare systems, and precision-guided mu- whether many producer and buyer na- the latest generation. Since the leap from nitions. Furthermore, combat aircraft serve tions will be able to make the transition the fourth to the fifth generation is more as delivery platforms for nuclear weapons from the fourth to the fifth generation of demanding by orders of magnitude than with all nuclear powers apart from the UK. combat aircraft. © 2011 Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zurich 1 CSS Analysis in Security Policy No. 92 • April 2011 to see additional export orders for the Ty- Combat aircraft in production and development (as of 2010/2011) phoon, the Rafale, and the Gripen in order Producing Aircraft type Status to recover at least part of the development Country costs. The situation is especially precarious China FC-1 (in Pakistan JF-17), J-10, J-11 In production for France, which has so far failed to sell any Rafale units abroad, despite aggres- J-20 In development/flight testing sive marketing. The affordable and simply France Rafale In production designed Pakistani JF-17, on the other hand, India Tejas Light Combat Aircraft In production might prove to be a successful export to poorer countries. Japan F-2 In production Pakistan JF-17 (in China FC-1) In production The small group of producing countries is Russia Su-30MK, Su-34, Su-35, MiG-29SMT In production soliciting bids from and supplying a broad range of potential buyer countries. Most of MiG-35, In development/flight testing Su T-50 or PAK-FA the combat aircraft exported in the past Sweden JAS-39 Gripen In production few years have gone to India, the Middle US F-15E, F-16C/D (and IN), F/A-18E/F, In production East, China, and several countries in East F-22 and Southeast Asia. While China and In- F-15SE, F-35 In development/flight testing dia are mainly supplied by Russia, other countries such as Israel, the United Arab Germany/Italy/ Typhoon (Eurofighter) In production Emirates, South Korea, or Singapore mainly Spain/UK procure their combat aircraft from the US. Fifth-generation combat aircraft Sources: Jane’s Defence Weekly; SIPRI Fact Sheet Sweden has sold smaller batches of Gripen fighters to the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Thailand in recent years. Germany and Currently, the market is dominated by Although fifth-generation fighters do not the UK have been a little less successful fourth-generation fighters and their fur- mark a revolution in military technology, in selling the Eurofighter to Austria and ther developments, known as the 4+ and they are clearly superior to their predeces- Saudi Arabia. In order to secure orders, the 4++ generations. Fourth-generation types sors in terms of capabilities and character- producers are also courting smaller pro- feature pulse-Doppler radar (which is able istics and will transform the arms market. spective buyers such as Switzerland. How- not only to localise targets, but also to de- ever, the most hotly contested markets are termine their velocity), high manoeuvrabil- Market transformation currently the procurement programmes ity, and look-down/shoot-down missiles. International arms transfers are domi- of regional powers India and Brazil. Cur- The 4+ and 4++ generations include addi- nated by sales of fighter aircraft. Between rently, the US F/A-18 Super Hornet and tional capabilities: high agility, sensor fu- 2005 and 2009, they and the associated F-16, the French Rafale, the “European” Eu- sion, and reduced signatures; and an active weapons accounted for 33 per cent of the rofighter Typhoon, the Russian MiG-35 and phased-array radar (a radar system with overall transfer volume of heavy weapons. the Swedish Gripen are still competing to an electronically guided beam), partial Currently, only 12 countries build fighter win the approximately US$10 billion In- stealth capability, and, to some extent, su- aircraft. While China, France, India, Japan, dian Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft percruise capability (the ability to fly con- Russia, Sweden, and the US develop and programme. In the Brazilian programme, tinuously at supersonic speeds without build their own types, a consortium con- which is worth an estimated US$4 billion use of afterburner), respectively. sisting of Germany, Italy, Spain, and the to US$7 billion, the F/A-18 Super Hornet, UK produces the Eurofighter Typhoon. the Rafale, and the Gripen are still in the A fifth-generation fighter aircraft features Pakistan’s JF-17 Thunder programme is ul- running. India – the world’s largest import- all-aspect stealth with internal weapons, timately controlled by Beijing, as it was er of armaments – and Brazil will probably extreme agility, full-sensor fusion, inte- co-developed with China and is based on also remain important buyers of fighter grated avionics (the entire suite of elec- Chinese technology. aircraft in the future. tronic communications, navigation, display, and control instruments), and some or The market is dominated by the US and It is questionable, however, whether the full supercruise. These properties reduce Russia. Their 4+ and 4++ generation air- Europeans, and especially the French and the aircraft’s vulnerability. Furthermore, craft – the various modernised versions the Swedes, will be able to assert their the synthesis of data in the cockpit gives of the US F-15, F-16, and F/A-18 and the current positions as sellers on the market. the pilot a better overview of the tactical Russian Su-30MK, Su-35, MiG-29SMT, and There is currently no development pro- situation in line with the doctrine of net- MiG-35, respectively – are exported in fairly gramme for a fifth-generation fighter in work-centric warfare. For the time being, large quantities. Exports by other produc- Europe. It is true that the UK, Italy, Den- however, the F-22 seems to be only capa- ing countries, which primarily supply their mark, the Netherlands, and Norway – like ble of networked operations with others own air forces, are comparatively small. In Australia, Canada, and Turkey – are con- of its type. As far as their operational use the case of China, this is intentional, since tributing considerable resources (by their is concerned, fifth-generation fighters do Beijing is aiming to equip the People’s Lib- own standards) to the US JSF F-35 project.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eurofighter World Editorial 2016 • Eurofighter World 3
    PROGRAMME NEWS & FEATURES DECEMBER 2016 GROSSETO EXCLUSIVE BALTIC AIR POLICING A CHANGING AIR FORCE FIT FOR THE FUTURE 2 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EDITORIAL 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 3 CONTENTS EUROFIGHTER WORLD PROGRAMME NEWS & FEATURES DECEMBER 2016 05 Editorial 24 Baltic policing role 42 Dardo 03 Welcome from Volker Paltzo, Germany took over NATO’s Journalist David Cenciotti was lucky enough to CEO of Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH. Baltic Air Policing (BAP) mis - get a back seat ride during an Italian Air Force sion in September with five training mission. Read his eye-opening first hand Eurofighters from the Tactical account of what life onboard the Eurofighter Title: Eurofighter Typoon with 06 At the heart of the mix Air Wing 74 in Neuburg, Typhoon is really like. P3E weapons fit. With the UK RAF evolving to meet new demands we speak to Bavaria deployed to Estonia. Typhoon Force Commander Air Commodore Ian Duguid about the Picture: Jamie Hunter changing shape of the Air Force and what it means for Typhoon. 26 Meet Sina Hinteregger By day Austrian Sina Hinteregger is an aircraft mechanic working on Typhoon, outside work she is one of the country’s best Eurofighter World is published by triathletes. We spoke to her Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH about her twin passions. 46 Power base PR & Communications Am Söldnermoos 17, 85399 Hallbergmoos Find out how Eurofighter Typhoon wowed the Tel: +49 (0) 811-80 1587 crowds at AIRPOWER16, Austria’s biggest Air [email protected] 12 Master of QRA Show. Editorial Team Discover why Eurofighter Typhoon’s outstanding performance and 28 Flying visit: GROSSETO Theodor Benien ability make it the perfect aircraft for Quick Reaction Alert.
    [Show full text]
  • Why China Has Not Caught Up
    Why China Has Not Caught Up Yet Why China Has Not Andrea Gilli and Caught Up Yet Mauro Gilli Military-Technological Superiority and the Limits of Imitation, Reverse Engineering, and Cyber Espionage Can adversaries of the United States easily imitate its most advanced weapon systems and thus erode its military-technological superiority? Do reverse engineering, industrial espi- onage, and, in particular, cyber espionage facilitate and accelerate this process? China’s decades-long economic boom, military modernization program, mas- sive reliance on cyber espionage, and assertive foreign policy have made these questions increasingly salient. Yet, almost everything known about this topic draws from the past. As we explain in this article, the conclusions that the ex- isting literature has reached by studying prior eras have no applicability to the current day. Scholarship in international relations theory generally assumes that ris- ing states beneªt from the “advantage of backwardness,” as described by Andrea Gilli is a senior researcher at the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Defense College in Rome, Italy. Mauro Gilli is a senior researcher at the Center for Security Studies at the Swiss Federal Insti- tute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland. The authors are listed in alphabetical order to reºect their equal contributions to this article. The views expressed in the article are those of the authors and do not represent the views of NATO, the NATO Defense College, or any other institution with which the authors are or have been
    [Show full text]
  • Some Supersonic Aerodynamics
    Some Supersonic Aerodynamics W.H. Mason Configuration Aerodynamics Class Grumman Tribody Concept – from 1978 Company Calendar The Key Topics • Brief history of serious supersonic airplanes – There aren’t many! • The Challenge – L/D, CD0 trends, the sonic boom • Linear theory as a starting point: – Volumetric Drag – Drag Due to Lift • The ac shift and cg control • The Oblique Wing • Aero/Propulsion integration • Some nonlinear aero considerations • The SST development work • Brief review of computational methods • Possible future developments Are “Supersonic Fighters” Really Supersonic? • If your car’s speedometer goes to 120 mph, do you actually go that fast? • The official F-14A supersonic missions (max Mach 2.4) – CAP (Combat Air Patrol) • 150 miles subsonic cruise to station • Loiter • Accel, M = 0.7 to 1.35, then dash 25nm – 4 ½ minutes and 50nm total • Then, head home or to a tanker – DLI (Deck Launch Intercept) • Energy climb to 35K ft., M = 1.5 (4 minutes) • 6 minutes at 1.5 (out 125-130nm) • 2 minutes combat (slows down fast) After 12 minutes, must head home or to a tanker Very few real supersonic airplanes • 1956: the B-58 (L/Dmax = 4.5) – In 1962: Mach 2 for 30 minutes • 1962: the A-12 (SR-71 in ’64) (L/Dmax = 6.6) – 1st supersonic flight, May 4, 1962 – 1st flight to exceed Mach 3, July 20, 1963 • 1964: the XB-70 (L/Dmax = 7.2) – In 1966: flew Mach 3 for 33 minutes • 1968: the TU-144 – 1st flight: Dec. 31, 1968 • 1969: the Concorde (L/Dmax = 7.4) – 1st flight, March 2, 1969 • 1990: the YF-22 and YF-23 (supercruisers) – YF-22: 1st flt.
    [Show full text]
  • Realignment and Indian Air Power Doctrine
    Realignment and Indian Airpower Doctrine Challenges in an Evolving Strategic Context Dr. Christina Goulter Prof. Harsh Pant Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed or implied in the Journal are those of the authors and should not be construed as carrying the official sanction of the Department of Defense, Air Force, Air Education and Training Command, Air University, or other agencies or departments of the US government. This article may be reproduced in whole or in part without permission. If it is reproduced, the Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs requests a courtesy line. ith a shift in the balance of power in the Far East, as well as multiple chal- Wlenges in the wider international security environment, several nations in the Indo-Pacific region have undergone significant changes in their defense pos- tures. This is particularly the case with India, which has gone from a regional, largely Pakistan-focused, perspective to one involving global influence and power projection. This has presented ramifications for all the Indian armed services, but especially the Indian Air Force (IAF). Over the last decade, the IAF has been trans- forming itself from a principally army-support instrument to a broad spectrum air force, and this prompted a radical revision of Indian aipower doctrine in 2012. It is akin to Western airpower thought, but much of the latest doctrine is indigenous and demonstrates some unique conceptual work, not least in the way maritime air- power is used to protect Indian territories in the Indian Ocean and safeguard sea lines of communication. Because of this, it is starting to have traction in Anglo- American defense circles.1 The current Indian emphases on strategic reach and con- ventional deterrence have been prompted by other events as well, not least the 1999 Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan, which demonstrated that India lacked a balanced defense apparatus.
    [Show full text]
  • 10. Supersonic Aerodynamics
    Grumman Tribody Concept featured on the 1978 company calendar. The basis for this idea will be explained below. 10. Supersonic Aerodynamics 10.1 Introduction There have actually only been a few truly supersonic airplanes. This means airplanes that can cruise supersonically. Before the F-22, classic “supersonic” fighters used brute force (afterburners) and had extremely limited duration. As an example, consider the two defined supersonic missions for the F-14A: F-14A Supersonic Missions CAP (Combat Air Patrol) • 150 miles subsonic cruise to station • Loiter • Accel, M = 0.7 to 1.35, then dash 25 nm - 4 1/2 minutes and 50 nm total • Then, must head home, or to a tanker! DLI (Deck Launch Intercept) • Energy climb to 35K ft, M = 1.5 (4 minutes) • 6 minutes at M = 1.5 (out 125-130 nm) • 2 minutes Combat (slows down fast) After 12 minutes, must head home or to a tanker. In this chapter we will explain the key supersonic aerodynamics issues facing the configuration aerodynamicist. We will start by reviewing the most significant airplanes that had substantial sustained supersonic capability. We will then examine the key physical underpinnings of supersonic gas dynamics and their implications for configuration design. Examples are presented showing applications of modern CFD and the application of MDO. We will see that developing a practical supersonic airplane is extremely demanding and requires careful integration of the various contributing technologies. Finally we discuss contemporary efforts to develop new supersonic airplanes. 10.2 Supersonic “Cruise” Airplanes The supersonic capability described above is typical of most of the so-called supersonic fighters, and obviously the supersonic performance is limited.
    [Show full text]
  • China-Pakistan Aerospace Nexus
    CENTRE FOR LAND WARFARE STUDIES ISSUE BRIEF No. 208 January 2020 Air Marshal Anil Chopra, PVSM, AVSM, VM, VSM China-Pakistan (Retd), was a fighter pilot, test pilot, and a pioneer of Mirage-2000 fleet, and has commanded a Mirage 2000 Squadron and IAF’s Flight Test Centre, Aircraft and Aerospace Nexus Systems Testing Establishment (ASTE). He was the Team Leader of the MiG 21 Bison Upgrade project in Russia (1996-2000). He has commanded operational airbases in both the Western and Eastern sectors. He was the Head of the Indian Air Force (IAF) in Jammu and Kashmir (2006-07) and Head of Operational Inspections of the IAF (2008-2010). He retired as the Head of Human Resource (HR) as Air Officer Personnel in December 2012. He has been a member of the Armed Forces Tribunal (AFT), Lucknow Bench (2013-17) and the Executive Council of Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) (2013-15). He The JF-17 Thunder is a third-generation plus fighter has also been the Advisor on a Committee of the National Green Tribunal (2019). aircraft jointly developed by Pakistan and China. It can be considered a show-case of Sino-Pak defence Key Points cooperation. Pakistan continues to be China’s • China is Pakistan’s ‘time-tested all-weather friend’ and strongest ally. Their relationship became very has for long helped Pakistan build its military-industrial close after the Sino-Indian war of 1962. Pakistan complex. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Pakistan, followed by ceded to China, 5,180 square kilometre of land Bangladesh and Myanmar, are the biggest purchasers of Chinese weapons.
    [Show full text]
  • The Power for Flight: NASA's Contributions To
    The Power Power The forFlight NASA’s Contributions to Aircraft Propulsion for for Flight Jeremy R. Kinney ThePower for NASA’s Contributions to Aircraft Propulsion Flight Jeremy R. Kinney Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Kinney, Jeremy R., author. Title: The power for flight : NASA’s contributions to aircraft propulsion / Jeremy R. Kinney. Description: Washington, DC : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, [2017] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017027182 (print) | LCCN 2017028761 (ebook) | ISBN 9781626830387 (Epub) | ISBN 9781626830370 (hardcover) ) | ISBN 9781626830394 (softcover) Subjects: LCSH: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration– Research–History. | Airplanes–Jet propulsion–Research–United States– History. | Airplanes–Motors–Research–United States–History. Classification: LCC TL521.312 (ebook) | LCC TL521.312 .K47 2017 (print) | DDC 629.134/35072073–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017027182 Copyright © 2017 by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The opinions expressed in this volume are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official positions of the United States Government or of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication is available as a free download at http://www.nasa.gov/ebooks National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, DC Table of Contents Dedication v Acknowledgments vi Foreword vii Chapter 1: The NACA and Aircraft Propulsion, 1915–1958.................................1 Chapter 2: NASA Gets to Work, 1958–1975 ..................................................... 49 Chapter 3: The Shift Toward Commercial Aviation, 1966–1975 ...................... 73 Chapter 4: The Quest for Propulsive Efficiency, 1976–1989 ......................... 103 Chapter 5: Propulsion Control Enters the Computer Era, 1976–1998 ........... 139 Chapter 6: Transiting to a New Century, 1990–2008 ....................................
    [Show full text]
  • 0218-DG-Defnews-Asian-Fighter
    ASIA FIGHTER REVIEW Asia Fighter Review Singapore shops for new platforms as part of Air Force transformation BY MIKE YEO ly completed taking delivery of 40 Boeing F-15SG [email protected] Strike Eagle multirole fighters, which serve alongside other aircraft and helicopters such as MELBOURNE, Australia — The Republic of Sin- Lockheed Martin F-16C/D Block 52/52+ Fighting gapore Air Force celebrates its 50th anniversary Falcons and Boeing AH-64D Apache helicopter this year as it continues its transformation into gunships. a modern fighting force, with the service due to The Air Force will also start taking delivery of take delivery of new platforms this year amid a the first of six Airbus A330 Multi-Role Tanker number of ongoing procurement programs. Transports, which will replace four ex-U.S. Air The Southeast Asian island nation — which Force KC-135 Stratotankers acquired in the late measures roughly one-third the size of the U.S. 1990s along with five Lockheed Martin KC-130B/H state of Rhode Island in terms of land area and Hercules tankers/transports, which have now is strategically located at the southern end of the gone back to serve as airlifters in Singapore’s Air Straits of Malacca, through which a significant Force alongside five C-130Hs. portion of the world’s maritime trade passes — The service is also expected to receive two is a security cooperation partner of the United Lockheed Martin S-70B Seahawk anti-submarine States and operates one of the most advanced helicopters this year, bringing its fleet to eight.
    [Show full text]
  • Milestonesofmannedflight World
    ' J/ILESTONES of JfANNED i^LIGHT With a short dash down the runway, the machine lifted into the air and was flying. It was only a flight of twelve seconds, and it was an uncertain, waiy. creeping sort offlight at best: but it was a realflight at last and not a glide. ORV1U.E VPRK.HT A DIRECT RESULT OF OnUle Wright's intrepid 12- second A flight on Kill Devil Hill in 1903. mankind, in the space of just nine decades, has developed the means to leave the boundaries of Earth, visit space and return. As a matter of routine, even- )ear millions of business people and tourists travel to the furthest -^ reaches of our planet within a matter of hours - some at twice the speed of sound. The progress has, quite simpl) . been astonishing. Having discovered the means of controlled flight in a powered, heavier-than-air machine, other uses than those of transpon were inevitable and research into the militan- potential of manned flight began almost immediatel>-. The subsequent effect of aviation on warfare has been nothing shon of revolutionary', and in most of the years since 1903 the leading technological innovations have resulted from militan- research programs. In Milestones of Manned Flight, aviation expen Mike .Spick has selected the -iO-plus events, both civil and militan-, which he considers to mark the most significant points of aviation histon-. Each one is illustrated, and where there have been significant related developments from that particular milestone, then these are featured too. From the intrepid and pioneering Wright brothers to the high-technology' gurus developing the F-22 Advanced Tactical Fighter, the histon' of manned flight is.
    [Show full text]
  • Flight Line the Official Publication of the CAF Southern California Wing 455 Aviation Drive, Camarillo, CA 93010 (805) 482-0064
    Flight Line The Official Publication of the CAF Southern California Wing 455 Aviation Drive, Camarillo, CA 93010 (805) 482-0064 May, 2016 Vol. XXXV No. 5 © Photo by Gene O’Neal Unveiling of Photo of So Cal Wing’s Spitfire displayed Visit us online at www.cafsocal.com in the Crown & Anchor, a Ventura County British pub. © Photo by Dan Newcomb Our CAF-So Cal Wing fighters, accompanied by Jason Somes’s Aero L-29 Delfin jet trainer flying in formation to the air show at March Air Force Base earlier this year. Wing Staff Meeting, Saturday, May 21, 2016 at 9:30 a.m. at the CAF Museum Hangar, 455 Aviation Drive, Camarillo Airport THE CAF IS A PATRIOTIC ORGANIZATION DEDICATED TO THE PRESERVATION OF THE WORLD’S GREATEST COMBAT AIRCRAFT. May 2016 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Museum Closed Work Day Work Day April Fool's Work Day Day 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Museum Closed Work Day Work Day Work Day Mother's Day 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Museum Closed Work Day Work Day Wing Staff Meeting 9:30 Work Day 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Museum Closed Work Day Work Day Work Day Docent Meeting 12:00 29 30 31 Museum Open Museum Closed Work Day 10am to 4pm Every Day Except Monday Memorial Day and major holidays STAFF AND APPOINTED POSITIONS IN THIS ISSUE Wing Leader * Ron Missildine (805) 404-1837 [email protected] Wing Calendar . 2 Executive Officer * Steve Barber (805) 302-8517 exo@ cafsocal.com Staff and Appointed Positions.
    [Show full text]
  • 10. International Arms Transfers
    10. International arms transfers SIEMON T. WEZEMAN and MARK BROMLEY* I. Introduction The SIPRI Arms Transfers Project identifies trends in international transfers of major conventional weapons using the SIPRI trend indicator.1 Data for 2004 show an increase in the volume of global arms transfers over 2003. However, using five-year moving averages, the trend is one of decline between 2000 and 2004, after a slight upward trend in the late 1990s (see figure 10.1).2 Section II discusses the three main suppliers and the main recipients of major conventional weapons in 2000–2004. It addresses some of the major arms transfer-related issues that were important for Russia and the United States in 2004. For Russia, this includes concerns about retaining and finding markets. For the USA, relations with European clients and Taiwan and the ‘global war on terrorism’ are highlighted. Section III discusses international arms embargoes, including the European Union (EU) embargo on China. Section IV reports on developments in 2004 in national and international transparency in arms transfers, and section V presents the conclusions. Appen- dix 10A contains tables showing the volume of transfers of major con- ventional weapons, by recipients and suppliers, for 2000–2004. Appendix 10B lists details of the equipment that was delivered and received. Appendix 10C outlines the sources and methods used to compile the arms transfers data. II. The suppliers and recipients There have been few significant changes in the ranking of the major suppliers in the past five years. The biggest change is that Russia is the largest exporter in the period 2000–2004, replacing the USA, which was the largest exporter in 1 SIPRI data on arms transfers refer to actual deliveries of major conventional weapons.
    [Show full text]
  • A High-Fidelity Approach to Conceptual Design John Thomas Watson Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2016 A high-fidelity approach to conceptual design John Thomas Watson Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Aerospace Engineering Commons, and the Art and Design Commons Recommended Citation Watson, John Thomas, "A high-fidelity approach to conceptual design" (2016). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 15183. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/15183 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A high-fidelity approach to conceptual design by John T. Watson A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major: Aerospace Engineering Program of Study Committee: Richard Wlezien, Major Professor Thomas Gielda Leifur Leifsson Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2016 Copyright © John T. Watson, 2016. All rights reserved. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... v NOMENCLATURE .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]