Light-Vehicle Event Data Recorder Technologies DISCLAIMER
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DOT HS 812 929 June 2020 Light-Vehicle Event Data Recorder Technologies DISCLAIMER This publication is distributed by the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers’ names are mentioned, it is only because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Suggested APA Format Citation: Gabler, H. C., Tsoi, A., Hinch, J., Ruth, R., Bowman, D., & Winterhalter, M. (2020, June). Light-vehicle event data recorder technologies (Report No. DOT HS 812 929). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. DOT HS 812 929 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Light-Vehicle Event Data Recorder Technologies June 2020 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Authors 8. Performing Organization Report No. Hampton C. Gabler, Ada Tsoi, John Hinch, Richard Ruth, Darrell Bowman, and Michael Winterhalter Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) 11. Contract or Grant No. School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Kelly Hall, 325 Stanger Street Blacksburg, VA 24061 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Final Report 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE September 2011 – November 2013 Washington, DC 20590 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes David Sutula was the Contract Office Representative for this report. 16. Abstract In 2006 NHTSA published the event data recorder regulation, CFR 49, Part 563, that specifies uniform requirements for the accuracy, collection, storage, survivability, and retrieveability of onboard motor vehicle crash event data in passenger cars and other light vehicles equipped with EDRs. Part 563 (1) requires light- vehicle EDRs to record a minimum set of specified data elements; (2) standardizes the format of recorded data; (3) helps ensure crash survivability of EDRs and their data by requiring EDR to function during and after front and side vehicle crash tests specified in two Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; and requires vehicle manufacturers to ensure commercial availability of the tools crash investigators need to retrieve EDR data. NHTSA is now seeking information about the potential for upgrading the EDR requirements, and the potential availability of new EDR capabilities and data elements. This report describes a research program evaluating the current potential of EDRs, planned manufacturer upgrades to EDRs, and potential updates to EDR capabilities based on safety data needs. The evaluation includes assessment of EDR survivability needs and capabilities. The research focuses on light vehicles, i.e., cars, light trucks and multi-purpose vehicles, but also includes an assessment of heavy vehicles including truck-tractors, straight trucks, and buses (transit and motorcoaches). 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement event data recorder, traffic crash, EDR, CFR 49, Part 563 Document is available to the public from the National Technical Information Service, www.ntis.gov. 19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 158 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized i Acknowledgments The authors wish to acknowledge the U.S. Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration for its support of this research effort. Specifically, we would like to thank David Sutula, our contract office representative at NHTSA. We wish to thank L-3 Communications1 for designing and conducting the EDR survivability tests and for performing the cost calculation for EDR hardening. We wish to acknowledge the crash test organizations that harvested and collected the NHTSA EDRs for this study: Transportation Research Center (East Liberty, OH), Karco Engineering (Adelanto, CA), MGA Research Corporation (Akron, NY), and the Calspan Corporation (Buffalo, NY). Special thanks to Rong Chen, Kristin Campbell, and Atharva Amritkar, our Virginia Tech student research assistants, for their contributions to the project. 1 In 2016, L3 Communications Holdings, Inc. changed its name to L3 Technologies, Inc., headquartered in New York City. On June 29, 2019, it merged with Harris Corporation to become L3Harris Technologies, Inc., headquartered in Melbourne, Florida. ii Table of Contents Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................... ii Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................vii 1. Introduction and Background ............................................................................................ 1 Objective .........................................................................................................................2 Approach .........................................................................................................................2 2. Task 1 — Assessment of Current Light-Vehicle EDR Technology ................................... 3 Objective .........................................................................................................................3 Approach .........................................................................................................................3 Results .............................................................................................................................8 Discussion ..................................................................................................................... 26 Findings ........................................................................................................................ 26 3. Task 2 — Assessment of Manufacturer Planned Updates to Light-Vehicle EDR Technologies ...................................................................................................................... 30 Objective ....................................................................................................................... 30 Approach ....................................................................................................................... 30 Results ........................................................................................................................... 31 Findings ........................................................................................................................ 44 4. Task 3 — Assessment of Potential Updates to Light-Vehicle EDR Technologies ........... 46 Objective ....................................................................................................................... 46 Approach ....................................................................................................................... 46 Results ........................................................................................................................... 49 Discussion ..................................................................................................................... 70 Findings ........................................................................................................................ 72 5. Task 4 — Assessment, Specifications and Testing for Survival Hardening and Tamper Resistance .......................................................................................................................... 74 Background ................................................................................................................... 74 Objective ....................................................................................................................... 75 Approach ....................................................................................................................... 75 Results ........................................................................................................................... 85 Discussion ................................................................................................................... 116 Findings ...................................................................................................................... 117 6. Task 5 — Assessment of Heavy Vehicle EDR Technologies .......................................... 121 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 121 Objective ..................................................................................................................... 121 Approach ..................................................................................................................... 121 Results ......................................................................................................................... 126 Conclusions ................................................................................................................