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Dissertation, Edited Version University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk 04 University of Plymouth Research Theses 01 Research Theses Main Collection 2020 Syncretic Narrative: Method for Navigation of Power and Resistance in War and Conflict Derr, Diane http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/17017 University of Plymouth All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. COPYRIGHT STATEMENT This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognize that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author’s prior consent. SYNCRETIC NARRATIVE: METHOD FOR NAVIGATION OF POWER AND RESISTANCE IN WAR AND CONFLICT by DIANE DERR A thesis submitted to the University of Plymouth in partial fulfilment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Art, Design and Architecture March 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Planetary Collegium, Centre for Advanced Inquiry in Interactive Arts (CAiiA-Hub), provided me with a unique space and platform from which to develop this dissertation. I’m immensely grateful to Roy Ascott for envisioning and developing the program. The dynamic course of research conducted by individuals in the program exploring, questioning, and expanding upon the bounds of contemporary creative practice was a constant source of inspiration. I’m immeasurably grateful to Dr. Jane Grant for her unique insights and unwavering support and guidance. I’m grateful to Mike Phillips for his support and constant humor. I extend my gratitude to my CAiiA research colleagues for their insights and contributions. I thank VCUArts Qatar for providing me the latitude of time in support of this research. I’m incredibly grateful to all of my friends and colleagues who supported, encouraged, challenged and contributed to this process. In loving memory of my father, John Melvin Derr III 4 AUTHOR’S DECLARATION At no time during the registration for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy has the author been registered for any other University award without prior agreement of the Doctoral College Quality Sub-Committee. This thesis has been proofread by a third party; no factual changes or additions or amendments to the argument were made as a result of this process. Work submitted for this research degree at the University of Plymouth has not formed part of any other degree either at the University of Plymouth or at another establishment. A programme of advanced study was undertaken, which included composite sessions of the Planetary Collegium, relevant academic publications, lectures, and exhibitions. Relevant conferences were attended at which work was presented and workshops conducted; work has been exhibited at external institutions and papers published. The following external institutions were visited for consultation purposes: Ionian Art Center, Cephalonia, Greece Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Vassouras, Brazil University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa University of the Aegean, Syros, Greece American University of Cairo, Cairo, Egypt International Center for Art and New Technology, Prague, Czech Republic Centro Cultural De Belem, Lisbon, Portugal Publications: Derr, D. (2014). ‘Capturing Gaddafi: Narrative as system currency’, Technoetic Arts: Journal of Speculative Research. Vol. 12, Issue 2-3. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1386/tear.12.2-3.365-1 Derr, D. (2013). ‘Syncretic narrative: Data in flux.’ Technoetic Arts: Journal of Speculative Research. Vol. 11, Issue 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1386/ tear.11.2.115-1 Derr, D. (2012). ‘Fictionalizing the Figuration: (In) Consideration of the Arab Spring’s narrative matrix’. Technoetic Arts: Journal of Speculative Research. Vol. 10, Issue 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1386/tear.10.1.39-1 Derr, D. (2011). ‘Economy of the moving image’, Presence in the Mindfield: Art, Identity and the Technology of Transformation, published in collaboration with Direcção Geral das Artes - Portuguese Ministry of Culture. Select Presentations at conferences: Derr, D., Mir, S., & Alsobrook, L. (2020). ‘Configuring Kommos: Narrative in event, place, and memory’, International Conference on Narrative. New 5 Orleans, Louisiana. March 2020. Derr, D., & Cohn, R. “Make By Qatar: Casting for Sustainability.” Panel presentation on ‘Contemporary Art and Petrocultures of the Middle East’ at the College Art Association annual conference. New York, New York. February 13, 2019. Derr, D. “As Method: Negotiating the Construction of Syncretic Narrative.” Consciousness Reframed conference. Shanghai, China. November 20-22, 2015. Derr, D., & Petersen A. “Art and Artifacts: Immersive and interactive technology in the preservation and engagement of built cultural heritage.” Presentation at the Alliance for Arts in Research Universities. Hosted by Iowa State University. Ames, Iowa. November 7, 2014. Derr, D. “Urban Space and Qatar’s Built Cultural Heritage.” International Symposium on Electronic Art (ISEA). Hosted Zayad University. Dubai, United Arab Emirates. November 3, 2014. Derr, D. “Field and flow: netting the nature of Nature.” roundtable discussion, CAC4, 4th Computer Art Congress. Hosted by Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. September 3, 2014. Derr, D. “Embedded Function: Creative Computing within Interdisciplinary Practice.” Exploring the Definition and Practice of Design Education Symposium. Hosted by Virginia Commonwealth University-Qatar. Doha, Qatar. May 18, 2014. Derr, D. “Syncretic narrative: Data in flux.” XARTS: From the Virtual to the Real. Hosted by University of Aegean. Syros, Greece. July 20, 2013. Derr, D., & Dalal, R. “International Collaborative Arts: Conversations on Practice, Research, and Education.” Panel Chair, College Art Association annual conference. New York, New York. February 13, 2013. Derr, D. “A Contrapuntal Reading of Data Journalism.” Behind the Image and Beyond. Hosted by the German University of Cairo. Cairo, Egypt. April 1, 2013. Derr, D. “Morphological Mapping of the Arab Spring through an Ecological Lens.” MutaMorphosis II: Tribute to Uncertainty, CIANT International Center for Art and New Technology. Prague, Czech Republic. December 6, 2013. Derr, D. “Fictionalizing the Figuration: (In) Consideration of the Arab Spring’s Narrative Matrix.” Technoetic Telos: Art, Myth and Media, Ionion Centre for arts and Culture. Kefelonia, Greece. May 2, 2012. Derr, D. “Economy of the Moving Image.” Presence in the Mindfield: Art, Identity and the Technology of Transformation, Centro Cultural De Belem. Hosted by University of Oporto and University of Aveiro. Lisbon, Portugal. December 1, 6 2011 Derr, D. “Constructed: Fictional Realisms.” New Narrative IV: Image and Spectacle. Hosted by University of Toronto. Ontario, Canada. May 6, 2011. Select Workshops Derr, D., & Alsobrook, L. “Variable There: Reconfiguring narrative through urban data, II.” Art Present: Mapping Space that Could Return to Earth Again. Havana, Cuba. June 2-6, 2015. Derr, D., & Alsobrook, L. “Variable There: Reconfiguring narrative through urban data, I.” Fak’ugesi Afican Arts conference. Hosted by the University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg, South Africa. December 3, 2014. Word count of main body of thesis: 53,747 Signed: Date: 30 March 2021 7 ABSTRACT Syncretic Narrative: Method for Navigation of Power and Resistance in War and Conflict Diane Cain Derr This research is developed out of an observed phenomenon of narrative formation in the Arab Spring. Narrative, informed by and reliant upon communication models and technologies, enables us to navigate, negotiate, and elicit meaning both from and within complexity of information. As a primary model of communication during the Arab Spring, the networked model of communication facilitated a dynamic interface between the citizen witness and institutional journalism within the networked bounds of space and time. This research investigates the operation of the citizen witness in the networked bounds of space and time, grounded in a syncretically generated geopolitical place of the Middle East, interfacing with institutional global journalism. Practice-based research was conducted in order to further investigate the identified theoretical underpinnings in the production, dissemination, and reception of narrative and to examine the role of the spectator in the shifting landscape of the author and the subject. As instruments of investigation the practice-based research incorporates interaction, generated by the spectator, as a primary mode of activation. To address the production of narrative co-created by the citizen witness and institutional journalism, within the networked bounds of space and time, the spectator’s indeterminate generation of narrative is leveraged. In order to assess the citizen witness’ position in simultaneously operating as the author and the subject, the spectator’s physical presence, determined by proximity and duration, was used to consider the 8 exclusion of the citizen witness from the veracity gap. This research identifies syncretic narrative as a methodological tool in unpacking narrative formation generated within the networked model of communication in instances of war and conflict. In doing so, it proposes
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