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A Cultural Resources Assessment Survey of the G A CULTURAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT SURVEY OF THE G. HARVEY ESTATES PROJECT PARCEL, GLADES COUNTY, FLORIDA By: Joseph F. Mankowski, M.A., RPA ADVANCED ARCHAEOLOGY, INC. 1126 S. Federal Hwy. #263 Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33316 Phone: 954-270-6624 FAX: 954-533-0265 Email: [email protected] Prepared for: GLENN C. HARVEY AUGUST 2019 PROJECT #2019.61 AAI TECHNICAL REPORT #337 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ii LIST OF TABLES iii CONSULTANT SUMMARY 1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT 3 CULTURAL SETTING 9 PREVIOUS RESEARCH 15 METHODOLOGY 17 RESULTS 23 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 28 BIBLIOGRAPHY 29 APPENDIX I. FMSF SURVEY LOG i LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. USGS map of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel. 2 Figure 2. 1907 plat map of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel. 5 Figure 3. 1948 aerial photograph of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel. 6 Figure 4. 1957 aerial photograph of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel. 7 Figure 5. Photograph view northeast at the project parcel. 8 Figure 6. Photograph view southwest at the project parcel’s southeastern boundary, the L-48 Canal, and the Herbert Hoover Dike (8GL421). 8 Figure 7. Aerial photograph (2017) of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel and shovel tests. 18 Figure 8. USGS map of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel and shovel tests. 19 Figure 9. Aerial photograph (2017) of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel’s eastern section, and shovel tests within HPZs. 20 Figure 10. Aerial photograph (2017) of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel’s mid-section, and shovel tests within HPZs. 21 Figure 11. Aerial photograph (2017) of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel’s western section, and shovel tests within HPZs. 22 Figure 12. Photograph view north at HPZ-1. 24 Figure 13. Photograph view northeast at HPZ-2 and HPZ-3. 24 Figure 14. Photograph view west at HPZ-3 and HPZ-4. 25 Figure 15. Photograph view north at HPZ-5. 25 Figure 16. Photograph view southwest at HPZ-6. 26 Figure 17. Photograph view west at HPZ-7. 26 Figure 18. Photograph view northwest at HPZ-8. 27 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Previously Recorded Cultural Resources 16 Table 2. Previous Cultural Resource Investigations 16 iii CONSULTANT SUMMARY In July and August 2019, Advanced Archaeology, Inc. conducted a Cultural Resources Assessment Survey of the G. Harvey Estates project parcel for Glenn C. Harvey. The project parcel is located in Glades County (Parcel IDs: A35-38-34-A00-0060-0000, A34-38-34-A00- 0030-0000, A02-39-34-A00-0010-0000, A03-39-34-A00-0010-0000, and A04-39-34-A00-0060- 0000), at 27182 State Road East 78, Okeechobee, and is being proposed for the development of a residential housing community. The objective of this investigation was to locate and assess any prehistoric or historic cultural resources that may be present within the project boundaries, and to determine the effects upon any potential resources found. This assessment was conducted to fulfill historic resource requirements as part of the review by the State of Florida’s Division of Historical Resources (DHR Project File No.: 2018-3392), in response to Chapters 267.061 and 373.414, Florida Statutes. This assessment also was conducted in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Public Law 89-665), as amended in 1992, and 36 C.F.R., Part 800: Protection of Historic Properties. The work and the report conform to the specifications set forth in Chapter 1A-46, Florida Administrative Code. The project parcel lies within Sections 34 and 35, Township 38 South and Range 34 East, and Sections 2, 3 and 4, Township 39 South and Range 34 East as depicted on the USGS Okeechobee NW and Okeechobee SW Quadrangle maps (Figure 1). The parcel is 214.96 hectares (531.20 acres) in size; it is an irregular polygon in shape, and is bounded by State Road 78 on its northwest side, Access Road on its northeast side, the Lake Okeechobee Rim Canal (L-48) on its southeast side, and an unnamed canal on its southwest side. Three modern structures occur within the project parcel that include two barns built in 2017 and 2018, and a prefabricated home installed in 2018. Investigations were accomplished by reviewing existing literature, maps, aerial photographs, and conducting fieldwork. A review with the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) indicated that no previously recorded cultural resources or previous cultural resource investigations occur within the project property. A pedestrian survey was conducted across the entire property, and a total of 314 shovel tests were excavated across the project parcel (Figures 7-11) at 25-meter intervals within eight High Probability Zones (HPZ 1-8), and at 100-meter intervals within a Low Probability Zone (LPZ). All shovel tests were found to be negative for cultural material. In conclusion, no prehistoric or historic cultural resources were found as a result of this Cultural Resources Assessment Survey. It is the consultant’s opinion, based on the available data that no sites regarded as being eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places occur within the project parcel. No further archaeological assessments are recommended. 1 2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT The project parcel is located in Glades County (Parcel IDs: A35-38-34-A00-0060-0000, A34-38- 34-A00-0030-0000, A02-39-34-A00-0010-0000, A03-39-34-A00-0010-0000, and A04-39-34- A00-0060-0000), at 27182 State Road East 78, Okeechobee, and it lies within Sections 34 and 35, Township 38 South and Range 34 East, and Sections 2, 3 and 4, Township 39 South and Range 34 East as depicted on the USGS Okeechobee NW and Okeechobee SW Quadrangle maps (Figure 1). The parcel is 214.96 hectares (531.20 acres) in size; it is an irregular polygon in shape, and is bounded by State Road 78 on its northwest side, Access Road on its northeast side, the Lake Okeechobee Rim Canal (L-48) on its southeast side, and an unnamed canal on its southwest side. Three modern structures occur within the project parcel that include two barns built in 2017 and 2018, and a prefabricated home installed in 2018. A 1907 plat map, and aerial photographs dating to 1948 and 1957, depicts the property within a wetlands prairie, and partially within Lake Okeechobee (Figures 2-4). The aerial photographs also indicate some scattered, slightly elevated cabbage palm/oak/cypress hammocks (HPZ 2-8), and an elevated remnant linear sandbar or shoreline of Lake Okeechobee (HPZ-1). Currently, the parcel contains agricultural fields and improved pasture, and is an active cattle pasture and sod farm. The parcel primarily consists of grasslands and wetlands that are uniformly flat (Figure 5), and also contains some scattered hammocks containing oaks, palm trees, and cypress trees (Figures 12-18). The project parcel is located in the Eastern Flatwoods District, which is made up mostly of pine flatwoods, prairies, cypress domes, dunes, and mangroves. The Eastern Flatwoods District is described as “a seasonally flooded lowlands of river swamp and grassland prairies largely underlain by silty sand; a lagoonal deposit” (Brooks 1981). The property contains a wet prairie environment with interspersed prairie hammocks, which are tall high canopy clusters of, cypress trees, cabbage palms (Sabal palmetto) and Laurel Oak (Quercus laurifolia) with several other temperate and subtropical tree species and a generally open understory. Lake Okeechobee is adjacent to the project parcel, which is the largest freshwater lake in the state of Florida. It is the eighth largest natural freshwater lake among the 50 states of the United States and the second largest natural freshwater lake (the largest being Lake Michigan) contained entirely within the contiguous 48 states. Lake Okeechobee covers 730 square miles (1,900 km2), approximately half the size of the state of Rhode Island, and is exceptionally shallow for a lake of its size, with an average depth of only 9 feet (2.7 meters). The Kissimmee River, located north of Lake Okeechobee, and 3.53 km northeast of the project parcel, is the lake's primary source (Wikipedia 2019b). The project parcel contains five soil types according to the USDA Soil Survey of Glades County, Florida (USDA 2000). These soil types are defined as follows: • Hallandale fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes: This poorly drained soil is on low, broad flats and on cabbage palm hammocks. Slopes are smooth, are slightly convex or concave, and range from 0 to 2 percent. Typically, the surface layer is very dark gray fine sand 3 about 4 inches thick. The subsurface layer is dark gray fine sand to a depth of about 9 inches. The subsoil is brown fine sand to a depth of about 19 inches. The underlying material to a depth of 80 inches or more is limestone. • Gator muck, frequently ponded, 0 to 1 percent slopes: This very poorly drained soil is in marshes, swamps, and wet depressions. This map unit is ponded for much of the year. Slopes are smooth and concave. They are 0 to 1 percent. Typically, the surface layer is black muck about 33 inches thick. The substratum extends to a depth of 80 inches. It is black loamy fine sand in the upper part, dark olive gray fine sandy loam in the next part, and gray fine sand in the lower part. • Boca fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes: This his poorly drained soil is in areas of cabbage palm flatwoods adjacent to sloughs, depressions, and drainageways. Slopes are smooth and are slightly convex or concave. They are 0 to 1 percent.
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